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Earthworm contributions to soil nitrogen supply in corn-soybean agroecosystems in Quebec, Canada

Pedosphere 2021年第3期31卷 405-412页

作者： Zhor ABAIL joann kwhalen National Institute of Agricultural Research(INRA) Kenitra B.P.257Morocco Department of Natural Resource Sciences Macdonald Campus of McGill UniversitySte-Anne-de-BellevueQuebec H9X 3V9Canada

Accurately quantifying the soil nitrogen(N)supply in crop fields is essential for enabling environmentally sustainable and economically profitable crop *** requires using field-based methods to account for the contribution of soil biota,including earthworms,to N mineralization in temperate *** direct contribution of earthworms to the soil N cycle is the N they release throughout their life and after death,and it can be estimated using the secondary production *** study was conducted in 2014 and 2015 in two adjacent fields with annual corn-soybean rotation in Ste-Anne-de-Bellevue,Quebec,*** cumulative biomass of Aporrectodea *** two no-till corn-soybean agroecosystems was determined,and the direct N flux from these earthworms was estimated during the corn and soybean phases of the *** production was estimated by sampling earthworms biweekly during April-June and September-November and inferring the change in earthworm biomass between sampling dates using a size frequency *** N flux was calculated as the sum of the N released through excretion,during periods when earthworms were active,and from *** secondary production of the Aporrectodea population was estimated to be 8-43 g ash-free dry weight m^(-2) year^(-1),and the N flux was 22-105 kg N ha^(-1 )year^(-1).The N flux was higher at the early vegetative growth stage,which is a period of high N demand for *** findings suggest that refining the N fertilization recommendation by accounting for soil N supplied by earthworms could potentially reduce fertilizer costs and environmental N losses.

关键词： nitrogen excretionnitrogen fluxnitrogen releasesecondary productionsize frequency method

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维普期刊数据库

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Earthworm populations are stable in temperate agricultural soils receiving wood-based biochar

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Pedosphere 2021年第3期31卷 398-404页

作者： joann kwhalen Hicham BENSLIM Abdirashid AELMI Barry RHUSK Department of Natural Resource Sciences Macdonald Campus of McGill UniversitySte-Anne-de-BellevueQuebec H9X 3V9Canada Department of Environmental Technology Management College of Life SciencesKuwait UniversityP.O.Box 5969Safat 13060Kuwait BlueLeaf Inc. DrummondvilleQuebec J2B 5E9Canada

The application of decomposable organic residues such as manure and crop litter is generally beneficial to *** is an emerging interest in applying biochar,a carbonaceous product of pyrolysis,to temperate agricultural *** slow decomposition rate of biochar,which also contains ash and combustion byproducts,could be detrimental to *** objective of this study was to describe the earthworm populations in biochar-amended soils on a dairy farm in the *** River watershed,Quebec,*** were collected from replicated field plots under cereal *** A received three wood-based biochar types at two application rates(5 and 10 t ha^(-1) biochar)plus an unamended control,while Site B received wood-based biochar(7.5 t ha^(-1) biochar),dairy cattle slurry(10 t ha^(-1) manure),or a combination of the biochar and manure rates plus an unamended *** were collected by hand sorting and formaldehyde expulsion from soil *** species,Aporrectodea turgida,Aporrectodea tuberculata,and Lumbricus rubellus,were found at the sites,and Aporrectodea was the dominant *** sources,rates,and application with dairy slurry did not affect the earthworm population,which had 52-218 individuals m^(-2) in 2010 and 4-96 individuals m^(-2) in *** seasonal variation in earthworm population may be due to flooding in the spring of 2011,which apparently interfered with earthworm *** similarity in earthworm abundance and biomass in plots with and without wood-based biochar leads to the conclusion that earthworm populations are stable in biochar-amended soils in this cold,humid temperate region.

关键词： biochar-amended soilcornendogeic earthwormflooded soilpyrolysiswoody feedstock

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维普期刊数据库

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Earthworm functional groups are related to denitrifier activity in riparian soils

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Pedosphere 2021年第3期31卷 413-422页

作者： Chen CHEN Leanne EJACK Martin RCHÉNIER joann kwhalen State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Urban Ecological Environment Simulation and Protection South China Institute of Environmental SciencesMinistry of Ecology and Environment of ChinaGuangzhou 510535China Department of Natural Resource Sciences Macdonald CampusMcGill University21111 Lakeshore RoadSte-Anne-de-BellevueQuebec H9X 3V9Canada Department of Food Science and Agricultural Chemistry and Department of Animal Science Macdonald CampusMcGill University21111 Lakeshore RoadSte-Anne-de-BellevueQuebec H9X 3V9Canada

Riparian buffers,located in the transition zone between terrestrial and aquatic ecosystems,are a hotspot for nitrogen(N)removal through *** are abundant in riparian buffers and may enhance *** study investigated earthworm demographics of three earthworm functional groups(anecic,epigeic,and endogeic)and denitrifier activity in temporarily flooded and non-flooded riparian soils from April to October 2012 in southern Quebec,*** earthworm species,mostly endogeic,were found in the temporarily flooded soil,while only six earthworm species were found in the non-flooded *** average,there were 11.7 times more earthworms with 12.4 times greater biomass(P<0.05)found in the temporarily flooded soil than in the non-flooded *** denitrification enzyme activity(DEA)was of similar magnitude in temporarily flooded and non-flooded soils,with temporal variation associated with rainfall *** earthworm biomass was positively correlated(P<0.05)with DEA,while epigeic earthworm biomass was positively correlated(P<0.05)with 16S rRNA gene copies and nosZ gene copies from bacteria,indicating an association between earthworm functional groups and denitrifier activity in riparian *** multiple regressions showed that DEA in riparian soils could be predicted using soil moisture,inorganic N concentration,and earthworm functional groups,suggesting that endogeic and epigeic earthworms contributed to denitrifier activity in riparian soils.

关键词： endogeic earthwormsepigeic earthwormsriparian areasriparian buffermacrofaunaseasonal changedenitrification enzyme activitydenitrifier gene copy

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