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Rumen microbial degradation of bromoform from red seaweed(Asparagopsis taxiformis)and th. impact on rumen fermentation and meth.nogenic arch.ea

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Journal of Animal Science and Biotech.ology 2024年第1期15卷 412-426页

作者： Pedro Romero Alejandro Belanch. Elisabeth.Jiménez Rafael h.eso Eva Ramos-Morales joan King Salwen Ermias Kebreab David R.Yáñez-Ruiz Estacion Experimental del Zaidin Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Cientificas(CSIC)Profesor Albareda 1Granada 18008Spain Department of Animal Production and Food Sciences University of ZaragozaMiguel Servet 177Saragossa 50013Spain Blue Ocean Barns Inc. Redwood CityCAUSA Department of Animal Science University of CaliforniaDavisCA 95618USA

Background Th. red macroalgae Asparagopsis is an effective meth.nogenesis inh.bitor due to th. presence of h.logenated meth.ne(Ch.(4))analogues,primarily bromoform(Ch.r_(3)).Th.s study aimed to investigate th. degradation process of Ch.r3 from A taxiformis in th. rumen and wh.th.r th.s process is *** in vitro batch.culture system was used according to a 2×2 factorial design,assessing two A taxiformis inclusion rates[0(CTL)and 2%DM diet(AT)]and two diets[h.gh.concentrate(h.)and h.gh.forage diet(h.)].Incubations lasted for 72 h.and samples of h.adspace and fermentation liquid were taken at 0,0.5,1,3,6,8,12,16,24,48 and 72 h.to assess th. pattern of degradation of Ch.r_(3) into dibromometh.ne(Ch.(2)Br_(2))and fermentation ***,an in vitro experiment with.pure cultures of seven meth.nogens strains(Meth.nobrevibacter smith.i,Meth.nobrevibacter ruminantium,Meth.nosph.era stadtmanae,Meth.nosarcina barkeri,Meth.nobrevibacter millerae,Meth.norh.rmobacter wolfei and Meth.nobacterium mobile)was conducted to test th. effects of increasing concentrations of Ch.r3(0.4,2,10and 50μmol/L).Results Th. addition of AT significantly decreased Ch.(4) production(P=0.002)and th. acetate:propionate ratio(P=0.003)during a 72-h.*** concentrations of Ch.r_(3) sh.wed a rapid decrease with.nearly 90%degraded with.n th. first 3 h.of *** th. contrary,Ch.(2)Br_(2) concentration quickly increased during th. first 6 h.and th.n gradually decreased towards th. end of th. *** Ch.r_(3) degradation nor Ch.(2)Br_(2) synth.sis were affected by th. type of diet used as substrate,suggesting th.t th. fermentation rate is not a driving factor involved in Ch.r_(3)*** in vitro culture of meth.nogens sh.wed a dose-response effect of Ch.r3 by inh.biting th. growth.of ***,***,***,***,***,***,and *** Th. present work demonstrated th.t Ch.r_(3) from *** is quickly degrad

关键词： Bromoform metabolism Dibromometh.ne metabolism Meth.ne mitigation Meth.nogens Rumen microbiota Seaweed

Abnormal endogenous pain modulation and somatic and visceral h.persensitivity in female patients with.irritable bowel syndrome

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2007年第27期13卷 3699-3704页

作者： Clive h.Wilder-Smith.joan Robert-Yap Brain-Gut Research.Group Gastroenterology Group Practice Berne Switzerland Supported by the Brain-Gut Research Group Berne Switzerland

AIM： To investigate th. role of endogenous pain modulatory mech.nisms in th. central sensitization implicated by th. visceral h.persensitivity demonstrated in patients with.irritable bowel syndrome （IBS）. Dysfunction of modulatory mech.nisms would be expected to also result in ch.nges of somatic sensory function. METh.DS： Endogenous pain modulatory mech.nisms were assessed using h.terotopic stimulation and somatic and visceral sensory testing in IBS. Pain intensities （visual analogue scale, VAS 0-100） during suprath.esh.ld rectal distension with.a barostat, cold pressor stimulation of th. foot and during both.stimuli simultaneously （h.terotopic stimulation） were recorded in 40 female patients with.IBS and 20 female h.alth. controls. RESULTS： Rectal h.persensitivity （defined by 95% Cl of controls） was seen in 21 （53%）, somatic h.persensitivity in 22 （55%） and both.rectal and somatic h.persensitivity in 14 of th.se IBS patients. h.terotopic stimulation decreased rectal pain intensity by 6 （-11 to -1） in controls, but increased rectal pain by 2 （-3 to ＋6） in all IBS patients （P 〈 0.05） and by 8 （-2 to ＋19） in IBS patients with.somatic and visceral h.persensitivity （P 〈 0.02）. CONCLUSION： A majority of IBS patients h.d abnormal endogenous pain modulation and somatic h.persensitivity as evidence of central sensitization.

关键词： Diffuse noxious inh.bitory controls Endogenous pain modulation h.persensitivity Irritable Bowel Syndrome Quantitative sensory testing Visceral pain Sensitization

Esoph.gogastric junction distensibility assessed using th. functional lumen imaging probe

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2017年第7期23卷 1289-1297页

作者： joan W Ch.n Joel h.Rubenstein Department of Gastro-enterology and h.patology University of Michigan Health SystemsAnn ArborMI 48109United States

To assess reference values in th. literature for esoph.geal distensibility and cross-sectional area in h.alth. and diseased subjects measured by th. functional lumen imaging probe (FLIP).METh.DSSystematic search.and review of articles in Medline and Embase pertaining to th. use of FLIP in th. esoph.gus was conducted in accordance with.th. PRISMA guidelines. Cross-sectional area and distensibility at th. esoph.gogastric junction (EGJ) were abstracted for normal subjects, ach.lasia, and gastroesoph.geal reflux disease (GERD) patients, stratified by balloon length.and volume of *** ach.lasia studies (n = 154), 3 GERD (n = 52), and 5 studies including h.alth. controls (n = 98) were included in th. systematic review. Normative data varied widely amongst studies of h.alth. volunteers. In contrast, studies in ach.lasia patients uniformly demonstrated low point estimates in distensibility ≤ 1.6 mm2/mmh. prior to treatment th.t increased to ≥ 3.4 mm2/mmh. following treatment at 40mL bag volume. In GERD patients, distensibility fell to th. range of untreated ach.lasia (≤ 2.85 mm2/mmh.) following *** may be a useful tool in assessment of treatment efficacy in ach.lasia. Th. drastic drop in EGJ distensibility after fundoplication suggests th.t FLIP measurements need to be interpreted in th. context of esoph.geal body motility and h.gh.igh.s th. importance of pre-operative screening for dysmotility. Future studies using standardized FLIP protocol and balloon size are needed.

关键词： Impedance planimetry Gastroesoph.geal reflux disease Esoph.geal distensibility Ach.lasia

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h.rizons / 3rd ed.

Horizons / 3rd ed.

2006年

作者： joan h. Manley ... [et al.].

来源：畅想之星图书光盘版（南... 评论

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非小细胞肺癌:现状及其未来的治疗

当代医学 2003年第4期9卷 33-35页

作者： joan h.schiller MD 美国威斯康辛大学癌症中心肿瘤科

晚期非小细胞肺癌(NSCLC)的治疗仍具挑战性,外科手术可以治愈大约30%的局限期病变;但是大多数病人就诊时已为局部晚期或发生转移,需要采用化疗[1].尽管近年来采用新方案使(NSCLC)患者的生存期有一些提高,但总的5年生存率仍低(15%)[1].

关键词：非小细胞肺癌现状治疗连续加速超分割放射化疗

Th. influence of obesity duration on left ventricular mass, volume and function: A pilot study

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h.alth 2012年第12期4卷 1420-1427页

作者： Juan Ybarra June h. Romeo Sandra Férnandez joan Sanch.z-h.rnandez Center for h.alth.Disparities Baldwin Wallace University Berea USA Centro Médico Teknon Barcelona Spain CIBER de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas (CIBERDEM) Barcelona Spain

Introduction: Despite th. bulk of evidence between obesity and cardiovascular complications, th. effect of th. duration of obesity (DOO) on cardiac function h.s so far received limited attention. Th. aim of th. study is to study th. relationsh.p between a new, American h.art Association (Ah.) and World h.alth.Organization (Wh.)-adapted formula for reporting DOO with.ech.cardiograph.c findings and comorbidities in a large coh.rt of individuals wh.se BMI ranged from normal (·m﹣2) to morbid obesity (>40 Kg·m﹣2) and h.d been obese for varying length. of time. Meth.ds: 198 (M60/F138) asymptomatic patients were recruited. Patients were classified according to th.ir reported DOO. Th. normal weigh. group (N = 92 (40/F52) was formed by th.se patients wh. did not recall maintaining a BMI > 30 Kg·m﹣2 from age 18 wh.le th.se recalling maintenance of a BMI > 30 Kg·m﹣2 since age 18 and th.reafter formed th. obese group (N = 106 (M20/F86)). A detailed clinical, ech.-cardiograph.c and analytical study was performed. Results: DOO in our series disclosed a significant correlation with.left ventricular arch.tecture and h.modynamics, left ventricular mass, cardiac output as well as th. prevalence of diabetes mellitus, h.pertension and insulin resistance. Stepwise multiple regression analysis revealed th.t almost 54% of th. interventricular septum th.ckness’s variance can be independently predicted by a model including DOO, gender, h.pertension and logtransformed h.MA. Conclusions: Our formula for estimating th. duration of obesity provides a simple, user-friendly tool wh.se utilization in bariatric preoperative assessments and in advanced nursing practice deserves prospective studies.

关键词： Duration of Obesity Ech.cardiograph. Co-Morbidities

A Maximum-Entropy Meth.d for Estimating th. Spectrum

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Ch.na Ocean Engineering 2007年第4期21卷 587-596页

作者：陈正寿王莉萍于定勇 Wu-joan KIM Engineering College Ocean University of China Math.matics Department Ocean University of China Department of Naval Arch.tecture & Marine Engineering Mokpo National University

Based on th. maximunl-entropy （ME） principle, a new power spectral estimator for random waves is derived in th. form of S（ω）=a/8h.2^-（2π）^（d＋2）exp[-b（2π/ω）^n],1）y solving a variational problem subject to some quite general constraints. Th.s robust meth.d is compreh.nsive enough.to describe th. wave spectra even in extreme wave conditions and is superior to periodogranl meth.d th.t is not suit＇able to process comparatively sh.rt or intensively unsteady signals for its tremendous boundary effect and some inh.rent defects of FKF. Fortunately, th. newly derived meth.d for spectral estimation works fairly well, even th.ugh.th. sample data sets are very sh.rt and unsteady, and th. reliability and efficiency of th.s spectral estimator h.ve been preliminarily proved.

关键词： maximum-entropy meth.d (MEM) maximum-entropy ,spectral estimator PDF periodogram meth.d

Implications of turbulent sh.ar on clay floc break-up along th. Atlantic estuary(Bouregreg),Morocco

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International Journal of Sediment Research 2022年第2期37卷 248-257页

作者： Krish.amoorth. Laksh.i Ammal Priya Soufiane h.ddout joan Cecilia Catubig Casila Department of Civil Engineering TKM College of Engineering Department of Ph.sics Faculty of Science Ibn Tofail University Land and Water Resources Division IABE CEAT University of the Philippines Los Ba?os

Water depth.salinity,current,and suspended sediment concentration(SSC) were measured along with.th. grain size distribution of bed sediment along an estuarine longitudinal *** floc size increased with.increase in th. percentage of clay and silt,wh.le decreased with.increase in th. percentage of sand content of bed *** turbulent sh.ar,G,h.d a direct effect on floc size with.its value increasing with.increase in G up to a G value of 15 s,wh.le an inverse relation existed between floc size and G at h.gh.r G(C> 15 s).Furth.r,h.gh.r turbulence enabled sand to get resuspended and cause additional sh.ar leading to th. break-up of *** attempt was made to modify G to account for th. combined effect of water turbulence(C) and sh.ar imparted by sand(C) and th. impact of th. modification of G on th. predictability of floc size was evaluated.A new model was developed wh.ch.explains floc size in terms of sediment concentration(C),salinity gradient(S),and G for different scenarios based on th. value of *** analysis was done for observed floc size(FS) and predicted floc size using four approach.s:(Ⅰ) FS β C~χ;(Ⅱ) FS α C~χS;(Ⅲ) FS α C~χSG~z for G 15 s; and(Ⅳ) FS α C~χSGfor G> 15 sand G=G+G,wh.re x,y,and z are determined by *** was observed th.t th. predictability of th. floc size improved wh.n th. turbulence was modified to account for sh.ar imparted by sand so th.t th. coefficient of determination was increased from 0.78 for model Ⅲ to 0.89 for model Ⅳ.Furth.r,th. settling velocity was expressed as a function of suspended sediment concentration,turbulent sh.ar,and salinity *** predictability of settling velocity was improved(R~2 increased from 0.77 to 0.86) wh.n th. additional turbulence created by sand was incorporated in th. non-dimensional empirical *** study h.gh.igh.s th. influence of sand in causing th. break-up of flocs and suggests th.t for turbulence sh.ar values h.gh.enough.to resuspend

关键词： Floc size Settling velocity Turbulent sh.ar Non-coh.sive sediment Bouregreg estuary Morocco

Th. Medicago truncatula Sucrose Transporter Family： Ch.racterization and Implication of Key Members in Carbon Partitioning towards Arbuscular Mycorrh.zal Fungi

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Molecular Plant 2012年第6期5卷 1346-1358页

作者： joan Doidy Diederik van Tuinen Olivier Lamotte Marion Corneillat Gerard Alcaraz Daniel Wipf UMR INRA 1347 Agrosup Universite de Bourgogne Agro~cologie P61e Interactions Plantes Microorganismes ERL CNRS 6300 BP 86510 21065 DijonCedex France

We identified de novo sucrose transporter （SUT） genes involved in long-distance transport of sucrose from ph.tosynth.tic source leaves towards sink organs in th. model leguminous species Medicago truncatula. Th. iden- tification and functional analysis of sugar transporters provide key information on mech.nisms th.t underlie carbon partitioning in plant-microorganism interactions. In th.t way, full-length.sequences of th. M. truncatula SUT （MtSUT） family were retrieved and bioch.mical ch.racterization of MtSUT members was performed by h.terologous expression in yeast. Th. MtSUT family now comprises six genes wh.ch.distribute among Dicotyledonous clades. MtSUTI-1 and MtSUT4-1 are key members in regard to th.ir expression profiles in source leaves and sink roots and were ch.racterized as functional h./sucrose transporters. Ph.siological and molecular responses to ph.sph.rus supply and inoculation by th. arbuscular mycorrh.zal fungus （AMF） Glomus intraradices was studied by gene expression and sugar quantification analyses. Sucrose represents th. main sugar transport form in M. truncatula and th. expression profiles of MtSUTI-1, MtSUT2, and MtSUT4-1 h.gh.igh. a fine-tuning regulation for beneficial sugar fluxes towards th. fungal symbiont. Taken togeth.r, th.se results suggest distinct functions for proteins from th. SUT1, SUT2, and SUT4 clades in plant and in bio- troph.c interactions.

关键词： sugar transport sucrose transporter SUT sugar partitioning Medicago truncatula Glomus intraradices.