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Asthma, bronchiectasis, and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: the bermuda Triangle of the airways

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Chinese Medical Journal 2022年第12期135卷 1390-1393页

作者： Miguel Angel Martinez Garcia Joan B.Soriano Pneumology Department Hospital Universitario y Politecnico la Fe de ValenciaSpain CIbERES de enfermedades respiratorias Instituto de salud Carlos IIIMadridSpain Servicio de Neumologia Hospital Universitario de la PrincesaMadridSpain Facultad de Medicina Universidad Autonoma de MadridMadridSpain

Also known as the Devil's Triangle or Hurricane Alley,the bermuda Triangle is an area of the Atlantic Ocean with vertices in Miami,San Juan de Puerto Rico,and bermuda,which has been credited for causing mass disappear... 详细信息

关键词： airway obstructive Atlantic

Usefulness of the CONUT index upon hospital admission as a potential prognostic indicator of COVID-19 health outcomes

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Chinese Medical Journal 2022年第2期135卷 187-193页

作者： Adrian K.bengelloun Guillermo J.Ortega Julio Ancochea Ancor Sanz-Garcia Diego A.Rodriguez-Serrano Guillermo Fernandez-Jimenez Rosa Giron Elena Avalos Joan B.Soriano J.Ignacio de Ulibarri Facultad de Medicina Universidad Autónoma de MadridMadridSpain Unidad de Análisis de Datos Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Hospital de la PrincesaMadridSpain Servicios de Neumología Admisión y Documentación ClínicaCuidados Intensivos y Nutrición y DietéticaHospital Universitario de La PrincesaMadridSpain Centro de Investigación en Red de Enfermedades Respiratorias(CIbERES) Instituto de Salud Carlos III(ISCIII)MadridEspañaSpain

background:In-hospital mortality in patients with coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19)is high.Simple prognostic indices are needed to identify patients at high-risk of COVID-19 health outcomes.We aimed to determine the usefulness of the CONtrolling NUTritional status(CONUT)index as a potential prognostic indicator of mortality in COVID-19 patients upon hospital admission.Methods:Our study design is of a retrospective observational study in a large cohort of COVID-19 patients.In addition to descriptive statistics,a Kaplan-Meier mortality analysis and a Cox regression were performed,as well as receiver operating curve(ROC).Results:From February 5,2020 to January 21,2021,there was a total of 2969 admissions for COVID-19 at our hospital,corresponding to 2844 patients.Overall,baseline(within 4 days of admission)CONUT index could be scored for 1627(57.2%)patients.Patients’age was 67.3±16.5 years and 44.9%were women.The CONUT severity distribution was:194(11.9%)normal(0-1);769(47.2%)light(2-4);585(35.9%)moderate(5-8);and 79(4.9%)severe(9-12).Mortality of 30 days after admission was 3.1%in patients with normal risk CONUT,9.0%light,22.7%moderate,and 40.5%in those with severe CONUT(Pbaseline CONUT stage was sustained in a multivariable Cox regression model(Pbaseline CONUT stage was associated with a longer duration of admission,a greater requirement for the use of non-invasive and invasive mechanical ventilation,and other clinical outcomes(all Pble and independent prognostic indicator of mortality and length of hospitalization in COVID-19 patients.

关键词： Admission Clinical risk CONUT COVID-19 Prognosis Score

The animal cachexia score(ACASCO)

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Animal Models and Experimental Medicine 2019年第3期2卷 201-209页

作者： Angelica betancourt Sílvia busquets Marta Ponce Míriam Toledo joan Guàrdia‐Olmos Maribel Peró‐Cebollero Francisco J.López‐soriano Josep M.Argilés Cancer Research Group Departament de Bioquímica i Biomedicina MolecularFacultat de BiologiaUniversitat de BarcelonaBarcelonaSpain Institut de biomedicina de la Universitat de barcelona BarcelonaSpain Advanced Statistical Data Analysis Applied to Psychology Departament de Metodologia de les Ciències del ComportamentFacultat de PsicologiaUniversitat de BarcelonaBarcelonaSpain Institut de recerca en Cervell Cogniciói Conducta(IR3C)BarcelonaSpain

background:None of the published studies involving cancer cachexia experimental models have included a measure of the severity of the syndrome like the scoring system previously developed for human subjects.The aim of the present investigation was to define and validate a cachexia score usable in both rat and mouse tumor models.Methods:In order to achieve this goal,we included in the study one rat model(Yoshida AH‐130ascites hepatoma)and two mouse models(Lewis lung carcinoma and Colon26 carcinoma).The Animal cachexia score(ACASCO)includes five components:(a)body and muscle weight loss,(b)inflammation and metabolic disturbances,(c)physical performance,(d)anorexia,and(e)quality of life measured using discomfort symptoms and behavioral tests.Results:Using the ACASCO values,three cut‐off values were estimated by applying hierarchical cluster analysis.Four groups were originally described,one exactly below the observed mean,a second exactly over the mean,and two other groups adjusted to every cue(inferior and superior).The three cut‐off values were estimated through maximization of the classification function.This was accomplished by using a similarity matrix based on the metric properties of the variables and assuming multinormal distribution.The results show that the four groups were:no cachexia,mild cachexia,moderate cachexia and advanced cachexia.Conclusions:The results obtained allow us to conclude that the score could be very useful as an endpoint in pre‐clinical studies involving therapeutic strategies for cancer cachexia.The potential usefulness of ACASCO relates to the primary endpoint in pre‐clinical cancer cachexia drug evaluations.

关键词： anorexia cachexia classification physical performance quality of life score wasting weight loss

Quantifying water quality and flow in multi-branched urban estuaries for a rainfall event with mass balance method

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Water Science and Engineering 2020年第4期13卷 317-328页

作者： joan Cecilia Casila Gubash Azhikodan Katsuhide Yokoyama College of Engineering and Agro-Industrial Technology University of the Philippines Los BanosLos Banos 4031Philippines Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering Tokyo Metropolitan UniversityTokyo 192-0397Japan

In this study,field observations were conducted after a heavy rainfall event in the Sumida and Shakujii rivers in Tokyo,Japan.The flow dynamics and fluxes of salt,suspended sediment(SS),and dissolved oxygen(DO)were investigated with the mass balance method.The fractions of fresh water and saltwater in seaward and landward flows were separated.The maximum salt flux in the Shakujii River was 53.8 kg/s during the flood tide,and those in the Sumida River were 680.3 kg/s at the upstream station and 703.7 kg/s at the downstream station.The trends of SS and DO fluxes were similar in both rivers.In the Shakujii River,the highest SS(3.1 kg/s)and DO(0.4 kg/s)fluxes appeared during the flood tide after rainfall.In the Sumida River,the maximum SS fluxes(6.1 and 6.3 kg/s at the upstream and downstream stations,respectively)and DO fluxes(1.15 and 1.21 kg/s at the upstream and downstream stations,respectively)appeared during the ebb tide.The mass balance method was used to estimate discharge,salinity,SS concentration,and DO concentration at a station with missing data.The results show that the estimated salinity and SS concentration had a significant correlation with the on-site observations,with correlation coefficients(R)of 0.950 and 0.835,respectively,but not for DO concentration(R?0.638).The disparity between the computed and measured data may be explained by the differences in velocity,salinity,topography,sedimentation,and the presence of organic matter.The analysis based on the advective salt transport components found a lower salt flux per unit width in the Shakujii River(0.36 kg/(m·s))in comparison with that in the Sumida River(2.88 kg/(m·s)).This indicates a higher probability for salt retention in the Shakujii River.©2020 Hohai University.Production and hosting by Elsevier b.V.This is an open access article under the CC bY-NC-ND license(http://***/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/).

关键词： Mass balance Water quality Flow Salt transport Sumida River Shakujii River Estuary

Directly addressable GaN-based nano-LED arrays: fabrication and electro-optical characterization

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Microsystems & Nanoengineering 2020年第1期6卷 275-284页

作者： Daria D.bezshlyakh Hendrik Spende Thomas Weimann Peter Hinze Steffen bornemann Jan Gulink joan Canals joan Daniel Prades Angel Dieguez Andreas Waag Institute of Semiconductor Technology Technische Universitat BraunschweigHans-Sommer Str.6638106 BraunschweigGermany Laboratory for Emerging Nanometrology Langer Kamp 6 a/b38106 BraunschweigGermany Epitaxy Competence Center ec2 Technische Universitat BraunschweigHans-Sommer Str.6638106 BraunschweigGermany Nanostructuring and Clean Room Center Infrastructure Physikalisch-Technische BundesanstaltBundesallee 10038116 BraunschweigGermany Department of Electronic and biomedical Engineering University of BarcelonaCarrer Marti i Franques 108028 BarcelonaSpain

The rapid development of display technologies has raised interest in arrays of self-emitting,individually controlled light sources atthe microscale.Gallium nitride(GaN)micro-light-emitting diode(LED)technology meets this demand.However,the current technology is not suitable for the fabrication of arrays of submicron light sources that can be controlled individually.Our approach is based on nanoLED arrays that can directly address each array element and a self-pitch with dimensions below the wavelength of light.The design and fabrication processes are explained in detail and possess two geometries:a 6×6 array with 400 nm LEDs and a 2×32 line array with 200 nm LEDs.These nanoLEDs are developed as core elements of a novel on-chip super-resolution microscope.GaN technology,based on its physical properties,is an ideal platform for such nanoLEDs.

关键词： arrays GaN optical

Earth observations for sustainable development goals monitoring based on essential variables and driver-pressure-state-impactresponse indicators

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International Journal of Digital Earth 2020年第2期13卷 217-235页

作者： joan Masó Ivette Serral Cristina Domingo-Marimon Alaitz Zabala CREAF Grumets Research Group CREAFEdifici C.Universitat Autònoma de BarcelonaBellaterraCataloniaSpain Dept.Geografia Grumets Research GroupEdifici B.Universitat Autònoma de BarcelonaBellaterraCataloniaSpain

In recent years,researchers of different communities have increased their efforts in formalizing a set of measurements regularly collected for analysing changes in Drivers,States,Impacts and Responses of a given discipline.In some cases,different actors have converged in a minimum set of Essential Variables(EVs),such as for Climate,biodiversity or Oceans.The definition of such EVs is an ongoing evolution and in extension(e.g.EVs for water)although some communities have not even started(e.***.agriculture and energy).This paper characterizes the Earth Observation(EO)networks and creates a graph representation of their relations.Secondly,this graph is enriched with the EVs produced by each network creating a knowledge base.Finally,an effort has been done to identify links between EVs and Sustainable Development Goals(SDG)indicators in a way that they indirectly connect the EO.An analysis to detect gaps in EO variables due to a lack of observational networks is performed.Several suggestions for improving SDG indicators framework by considering EVs are exposed,as well as proposing new necessary EVs and suggesting new EO based indicators.The complete graph is available in the ENEON website(http://***/graphev-sdg/).

关键词： Gap analysis policy monitoring essential variables earth observation

Detection of antibiotic resistance toxigenic Clostridium difficile in processed retail lettuce

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Food Quality and Safety 2018年第1期2卷 37-41页

作者： Yi Han joan King Marlene E.Janes School of Nutrition and Food Sciences Louisiana State University Agricultural CenterBaton RougeLouisianaUSA

Objectives:Clostridium difficile is the major cause of infectious diarrhoea in humans after antimicrobial treatment.Clostridium difficile has been isolated from food animals and meat.The main purpose of this study was to characterize C.difficile isolated from retail lettuce and determine the antibiotic resistance using five common clinical-selected antibiotics(metronidazole,vancomycin,clindamycin,erythromycin,and cefotaxime).Materials and Methods:Lettuce samples(grown in California,Arkansas,and Louisiana)were purchased from retail stores.Results:Toxigenic C.difficile was isolated from 13.8 per cent(41/297)of the lettuce samples.Among the toxigenic isolates,only 82.9 per cent(34/41)produced toxin b,17.1 per cent(7/41)produced both toxin A and toxin b,and two of the Louisiana C.difficile isolates were identified as ribotype 027.Under the treatment of the five antibiotics,the virulence C.difficile isolates were identified as having antibiotic resistance to metronidazole,vancomycin,and erythromycin.Conclusion:The present study reports the highest prevalence of toxigenic C.difficile in US retail lettuce.The antibiotic resistance to metronidazole,vancomycin,and erythromycin of the isolated C.difficile from retail lettuces could lead to public health concerns.

关键词： Clostridium difficile lettuce toxigenic toxin A toxin b antibiotic.

An exploration of the relationship between wastewater viral signals and COVID-19 hospitalizations in Ottawa,Canada

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Infectious Disease Modelling 2023年第3期8卷 617-631页

作者： K.Ken Peng Elizabeth M.Renouf Charmaine b.Dean X.joan Hu Robert Delatolla Douglas G.Manuel Department of Statistics and Actuarial Science Simon Fraser University8888 University DrBurnabyV5A 1S6BCCanada Department of Statistics and Actuarial Science University of Waterloo200 University Ave WWaterlooN2L 3G1ONCanada Department of Civil Engineering University of Ottawa75 Laurier Ave.EOttawaK1N 6N5ONCanada The Ottawa Hospital Research Institute 1053 Carling AveOttawaK1Y 4E9ONCanada Department of Family Medicine University of Ottawa75 Laurier Ave.EOttawaK1N 6N5ONCanada School of Epidemiology and Public Health University of Ottawa75 Laurier Ave.EOttawaK1N 6N5ONCanada

Monitoring of viral signal in wastewater is considered a useful tool for monitoring the burden of COVID-19,especially during times of limited availability in testing.Studies have shown that COVID-19 hospitalizations are highly correlated with wastewater viral signals and the increases in wastewater viral signals can provide an early warning for increasing hospital admissions.The association is likely nonlinear and time-varying.This project employs a distributed lag nonlinear model(DLNM)(Gasparrini et al.,2010)to study the nonlinear exposure-response delayed association of the COVID-19 hospitalizations and SARS-CoV-2 wastewater viral signals using relevant data from Ottawa,Canada.We consider up to a 15-day time lag from the average of SARS-CoV N1 and N2 gene concen-trations to COVID-19 hospitalizations.The expected reduction in hospitalization is adjusted for vaccination efforts.A correlation analysis of the data verifies that COVID-19 hospital-izations are highly correlated with wastewater viral signals with a time-varying rela-tionship.Our DLNM based analysis yields a reasonable estimate of COVID-19 hospitalizations and enhances our understanding of the association of COVID-19 hospi-talizations with wastewater viral signals.

关键词： Wastewater surveillance COVID-19 vaccination effectiveness Distributed lag nonlinear model Time varying correlation

Primary Longman elect listening. 3b

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