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The effect of laves phases and nano-precipitates on the electrochemical corrosion resistance of Mg-Al-Ca alloys under alkaline conditions

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Journal of Magnesium and Alloys 2024年第6期12卷 2447-2461页

作者： Markus Felten Veronika Chaineux Siyuan Zhang Ali Tehranchi Tilmann Hickel Christina Scheu Joshua Spille Marta lipińska-Chwałek joachim Mayer Benjamin Berkels Marcus Hans Imke Greving Silja Flenner Sandra Sefa Daniela Zander Chair of Corrosion and Corrosion Protection RWTH Aachen UniversityAachen 52072 Germany Max-Planck-Institut für Eisenforschung GmbH Düsseldorf 40237 Germany Central Facility for Electron Microscopy RWTH Aachen UniversityAachen 52074 Germany Ernst ruska-Centre for Microscopy and Spectroscopy with Electrons Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbHJülich 52428Germany Mathematical Image and Signal Processing Aachen Institute for Advanced Study in Computational Engineering ScienceRWTH Aachen UniversityAachen 52062 Germany Materials Chemistry RWTH Aachen UniversityAachen 52074 Germany Institute of Materials Physics Helmholtz-Zentrum HereonGeesthacht 21502 Germany

The electrochemical corrosion mechanisms of Mg alloys were extensively studied in previous investigations of different chemical com-positions,modified surface states and various electrolyte ***,recent research focused on the active state of Mg dissolution,leading to unresolved effects of secondary phases adjacent to a stableα-solid solution passive *** present study investigates the fundamental electrochemical corrosion mechanisms of three different laves phases with varying phase morphologies and phase fractions in the passive state of Mg-Al-Ca *** microstructure was characterized by(transmission-)electron microscopy and synchrotron-based transmission X-ray *** electrochemical corrosion resistance was determined with a standard three-electrode setup and advanced in-situ flow cell measurements.A new electrochemical activity sequence(C15>C36>α-Mg>C14)was obtained,as a result of a stable passive layer formation on theα-solid ***,nm-scale Mg-rich precipitates were identified within the laves phases,which tend to inhibit the corrosion kinetics.

关键词： laves phase STEM Magnesium Corrosion Passive layer

Dysfunction of the adhesion G protein-coupled receptor latrophilin 1(ADGrl1/lPHN1)increases the risk of obesity

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Signal Transduction and Targeted Therapy 2024年第5期9卷 2298-2311页

作者： Heba ZabriTorsten Schöneberg AndréNguyen Dietzsch Hadi Al-Hasani joachim Altschmied Katharina Bottermann Jana Brendler Judith Haendeler Susanne Horn Isabell Kaczmarek Antje Körner Kerstin Krause Kathrin landgraf Diana le Duc laura lehmann Stefan lehr Stephanie Pick Albert ricken rene Schnorr Angela Schulz Martina Strnadová Akhil Velluva Heba Zabri Torsten Schöneberg Doreen Thor Simone Prömel rudolf Schönheimer Institute of Biochemistry Medical FacultyLeipzig UniversityLeipzigGermany Institute for Clinical Biochemistry and Pathobiochemistry Medical FacultyGerman Diabetes CenterLeibniz Center for Diabetes Research at Heinrich Heine University DüsseldorfDüsseldorfGermany German Center for Diabetes research(DZD e.V.) Munich-NeuherbergGermany Cardiovascular Degeneration Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory DiagnosticsMedical FacultyUniversity Hospital and Heinrich Heine University DüsseldorfDüsseldorfGermany Cardiovascular research Institute(CArID) Medical FacultyUniversity Hospital and Heinrich Heine University DüsseldorfDüsseldorfGermany Institute of Pharmacology Medical FacultyUniversity Hospital and Heinrich Heine University DüsseldorfDüsseldorfGermany Institute of Anatomy Medical FacultyLeipzig UniversityLeipzigGermany Center for Pediatric research Hospital for Children and AdolescentsMedical FacultyLeipzig UniversityLeipzigGermany Helmholtz Institute for Metabolic Obesity and Vascular Research(HI-MAG)of the Helmholtz Zentrum München at the University of Leipzig and University Hospital LeipzigLeipzigGermany Department of Endocrinology NephrologyRheumatologyLeipzig University Medical CenterLeipzigGermany Institute of Human Genetics Leipzig University Medical CenterLeipzigGermany Institute of Cell Biology Department of BiologyHeinrich Heine University DüsseldorfDüsseldorfGermany School of Medicine University of Global Health EquityKigaliRwanda

Obesity is one of the diseases with severe health consequences and rapidly increasing worldwide *** the complex network of food intake and energy balance regulation is an essential prerequisite for pharmacological intervention with obesity.G protein-coupled receptors(GPCrs)are among the main modulators of metabolism and energy ***,for instance,regulate appetite and satiety in certain hypothalamic neurons,as well as glucose and lipid metabolism and hormone secretion from *** in some GPCrs,such as the melanocortin receptor type 4(MC4r),have been associated with early-onset ***,we identified the adhesion GPCr latrophilin 1(ADGrl1/lPHN1)as a member of the regulating network governing food intake and the maintenance of energy *** of the highly conserved receptor in mice results in increased food consumption and severe obesity,accompanied by dysregulation of glucose ***,we identified a partially inactivating mutation in human ADGrl1/lPHN1 in a patient suffering from ***,we propose that lPHN1 dysfunction is a risk factor for obesity development.

关键词： obesity metabolism intake

Pressure-Temperature Evolution of a Mylonitic Gneiss from the lower Seve Nappe in the Handol Area,Central Sweden

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Journal of Earth Science 2021年第6期32卷 1496-1511页

作者： Botao li Hans-joachim Massonne Xiaoping Yuan School of Earth Sciences China University of GeosciencesWuhan430074China Fakultät Chemie Universität Stuttgart70569StuttgartGermany

Ultrahigh-pressure metamorphism has recently been reported from various crustal rocks in the Seve Nappe Complex(SNC)in which microdiamonds were ***,in gneiss from the lower Seve Nappe(lSN),neither any direct petrographic indication for UHP was reported nor the metamorphic evolution was well *** studied a mylonitic gneiss from the Handol area of the lSN and applied phase-diagram modeling and Ti-in-biotite *** on the compositions of garnet and biotite and observed mineral assemblages,a path was reconstructed passing through about 8 kbar and 730℃at prograde ***-pressure and initial retrograde stages occurred at 9.0–10.2 kbar at 745-775℃,and 7–9 kbar atltrahigh-pressure evidence was recognized compatible with medium-pressure metamorphism deduced in earlier studies of gneiss from the *** higher peak pressures were reported recently for metamorphic rocks of the lSN,a possible interpretation is that slices or erased blocks were subducted,metamorphosed at different depths,and exhumed in a subduction ***,the dominant gneiss of the SNC experienced only a medium-pressure metamorphism in the upper part of the downgoing Baltica *** from different depth levels were brought together in an exhumation channel located between Baltica and the overlying plate.

关键词： lower Seve Nappe Swedish Caledonides mylonitic gneiss P-T pseudosection modeling Ti-in-biotite thermometry metamorphic rocks

Evaluation of factors influencing soluble microbial product in submerged MBr through hybrid ASM model

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Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering 2009年第2期3卷 226-235页

作者： Fangyue lI joachim BEHrENDT Knut WICHMANN ralf OTTErPOHl Institute of Water resources and Water Supply Hamburg University of TechnologySchwarzenbergstr.95 ED-21073 HamburgGermany Department of Wastewater Management Hamburg University of TechnologyEissendorfer Strasse 42D-21073 HamburgGermany

In this study,a mathematical model was established to predict the formation of the soluble microbial product(SMP)in a submerged membrane *** developed model was calibrated under the reference *** results were in good agreement with the measured results under the reference *** calibrated model was then used in the scenario studies to evaluate the effect of three chosen operating parameters:hydraulic retention time(HrT),dissolved oxygen concentration,and sludge retention time(SrT).Simulation results revealed that the SMP dominated the soluble organic substances in the *** scenario studies also revealed that the HrT can be decreased to 1 h without deteriorating the effluent quality;dissolved oxygen concentration in the reactor can be kept at 2–3 mg/l to maintain the effluent quality,reduce the content of SMP,and minimize operating costs;the optimal SrT can be controlled to 10–15 d to achieve complete nitrification process,less membrane fouling potential,and acceptable organic removal efficiency.

关键词： hybrid activated sludge model(ASM) membrane bioreactor(MBr) soluble microbial product(SMP)

Interplay of Adsorbate-Adsorbate and Adsorbate-Substrate Interactions in Self-Assembled Molecular Surface Nanostructures

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Nano research 2010年第7期3卷 459-471页

作者： joachim Schnadt Wei Xu ronnie T.Vang Jan Knudsen Zheshen li Erik lægsgaard Flemming Besenbacher Interdisciplinary Nanoscience Center iNANOand Department of Physics and AstronomyAarhus UniversityBuilding 1521Ny Munkegade8000 Aarhus CDenmark Division of Synchrotron radiation research Department of PhysicsLund UniversityBox 11822100 LundSweden Shanghai Key laboratory for Metallic Functional Materials Key Laboratory for Advanced Civil Engineering Materials(Ministry of Education)College of Materials Science and EngineeringTongji University1239 Si Ping RoadShanghai 200092China Institute for Storage ring Facilities Aarhus UniversityBuilding 1525Ny Munkegade8000 Aarhus CDenmark

The adsorption of 2,6-naphthalenedicarboxylic acid(NDCA)molecules on the Ag(110),Cu(110),and Ag(111)surfaces at room temperature has been studied by means of scanning tunnelling microscopy(STM).Further supporting results were obtained using X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy(XPS)and soft X-ray absorption spectroscopy(XAS).On the Ag(110)support,which had an average terrace width of only 15 nm,the NDCA molecules form extended one-dimensional(1-D)assemblies,which are oriented perpendicular to the step edges and have lengths of several hundred *** shows that the assemblies have a large tolerance to monatomic surface steps on the Ag(110)*** observed behaviour is explained in terms of strong intermolecular hydrogen bonding and a strong surface-mediated directionality,assisted by a sufficient degree of molecular backbone *** contrast,the same kind of step-edge crossing is not observed when the molecules are adsorbed on the isotropic Ag(111)or more reactive Cu(110)*** Ag(111),similar 1-D assemblies are formed to those on Ag(110),but they are oriented along the step *** Cu(110),the carboxylic groups of NDCA are deprotonated and form covalent bonds to the surface,a situation which is also achieved on Ag(110)by annealing to 200°*** results show that the formation of particular self-assembled molecular nanostructures depends significantly on a subtle balance between the adsorbate-adsorbate and adsorbate-substrate interactions and that kinetic factors play an important role.

关键词： Molecular self-assembly hydrogen bonding scanning tunnelling microscopy X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy

Optimal physicochemical properties of dried litchis for Thai consumers

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International Journal of Agricultural and Biological Engineering 2014年第5期7卷 103-110页

作者： Marcelo Precoppe Marcus Nagle Busarakorn Mahayothee Patchimaporn Udomkun Serm Janjai joachim Muller Institute of Agricultural Engineering in the Tropics and Subtropics(440e) Universitat HohenheimGarbenstr.9D-70593StuttgartGermany Department of Food Technology Silpakorn University73000 Nakhon PathomThailand Department of Physics Silpakorn University73000 Nakhon PathomThailand

The litchi is a fruit essential for the economies of several Southeast Asian countries,but markets regularly reject it,mainly due to *** extends the shelf-life of litchis,but in Thailand the optimal characteristics of the dried product have not yet been *** purpose of this study was to determine the optimum physicochemical properties of dried litchis-those suitable for Thai *** dried fruits were submitted to physicochemical measurement and consumer evaluation,with datasets subsequently integrated using circular ideal-point regression *** surface methodology was then used to predict the optimum physicochemical properties of the *** was found that Thai consumer preferences with regard to dried litchis are for the fruits to be of golden-yellow color(l*ranging around 54;H ranging around 79°),to have a soft flesh(SMF ranging between 13 and 14 kN/100 g)and to have a sweet taste(TSS:TA ranging between 25 and 28).The results may be used in the future to prescribe pretreatments and drying conditions.

关键词： consumer preference response surface methodology circular ideal-point regression product optimization market acceptance lychee

Degradation study on tin- and bismuth-based gas-diffusion electrodes during electrochemical CO_(2) reduction in highly alkaline media

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2021年第11期30卷 367-376,I0008页

作者： Fabian Bienen Armin lowe joachim Hildebrand Sebastian Hertle Dana Schonvogel Dennis Kopljar Norbert Wagner Elias Klemm Kaspar Andreas Friedrich Institute of Engineering Thermodynamics German Aerospace CenterPfaffenwaldring 38-4070569 StuttgartGermany Institute of Building Energetics Thermal Engineering and Energy StorageUniversity of StuttgartPfaffenwaldring 3170569 StuttgartGermany Institute of Technical Chemistry University of StuttgartPfaffenwaldring 5570569 StuttgartGermany Institute of Engineering Thermodynamics German Aerospace CenterCarl-von-Ossietzky-Straße 1526129 OldenburgGermany

This work investigated the degradation of tin – based gas-diffusion electrodes (GDE) and also a promising Bi2O3 GDE in electrochemical CO_(2) reduction in highly alkaline media which has not been studied before. The contributions of the electrode wetting (or flooding, if excessively) and catalyst leaching on the degradation were analyzed. Therefore, electrochemical impedance spectroscopy was used to monitor the wetted surface area of the GDE in combination with post-mortem analysis of the penetration depth by visualizing the electrolyte’s cation in the GDE cross-section. Furthermore, to reveal a possible degradation of the electrocatalyst, its distribution was mapped in the GDEs cross-section after operation while the catholyte was additionally analyzed via ICP-MS. The results clearly demonstrate that the SnO_(2) catalyst dissolves in the reaction zone inside the GDE and might be partially redeposited near the GDEs surface. Since the redeposition process occurs only partially a steady loss of catalyst was observed impeding a clear distinction of the two degradation phenomena. Nevertheless, the deterioration of the electrode performance measured as faraday efficiency (FE) of the parasitic hydrogen evolution reaction (HEr) qualitatively correlates with the differential double layer capacitance (Cdl). A significant difference of the rate of increase for the hydrogen FE and Cdl can be ascribed to the superposition of both above-mentioned degradation mechanisms. The demonstrated instability of SnO_(2) contrasts with the behavior of Bi2O3 GDE which is stabilized during CO_(2) conversion by redeposition of the diluted dissolved species as metallic Bi which is active for the CO_(2) reduction reaction.

关键词： Electrochemical CO_(2)reduction Heterogeneous catalysis Gas-diffusion electrode Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy Catalyst leaching

STCF conceptual design report (Volume 1): Physics & detector

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Frontiers of physics 2024年第1期19卷 1-154页

作者： M.Achasov X.C.Ai l.P.An r.Aliberti Q.An X.Z.Bai Y.Bai O.Bakina A.Barnyakov V.Blinov V.Bobrovnikov D.Bodrov A.Bogomyagkov A.Bondar I.Boyko Z.H.Bu F.M.Cai H.Cai J.J.Cao Q.H.Cao X.Cao Z.Cao Q.Chang K.T.Chao D.Y.Chen H.Chen H.X.Chen J.F.Chen K.Chen l.l.Chen P.Chen S.l.Chen S.M.Chen S.Chen S.P.Chen W.Chen X.Chen X.F.Chen X.r.Chen Y.Chen Y.Q.Chen H.Y.Cheng J.Cheng S.Cheng T.G.Cheng J.P.Dai l.Y.Dai X.C.Dai D.Dedovich A.Denig I.Denisenko J.M.Dias D.Z.Ding l.Y.Dong W.H.Dong V.Druzhinin D.S.Du Y.J.Du Z.G.Du l.M.Duan D.Epifanov Y.l.Fan S.S.Fang Z.J.Fang G.Fedotovich C.Q.Feng X.Feng Y.T.Feng J.l.Fu J.Gao Y.N.Gao P.S.Ge C.Q.Geng l.S.Geng A.Gilman l.Gong T.Gong B.Gou W.Gradl J.l.Gu A.Guevara l.C.Gui A.Q.Guo F.K.Guo J.C.Guo J.Guo Y.P.Guo Z.H.Guo A.Guskov K.l.Han l.Han M.Han X.Q.Hao J.B.He S.Q.He X.G.He Y.l.He Z.B.He Z.X.Heng B.l.Hou T.J.Hou Y.r.Hou C.Y.Hu H.M.Hu K.Hu r.J.Hu W.H.Hu X.H.Hu Y.C.Hu J.Hua G.S.Huang J.S.Huang M.Huang Q.Y.Huang W.Q.Huang X.T.Huang X.J.Huang Y.B.Huang Y.S.Huang N.Hüsken V.Ivanov Q.P.Ji J.J.Jia S.Jia Z.K.Jia H.B.Jiang J.Jiang S.Z.Jiang J.B.Jiao Z.Jiao H.J.Jing X.l.Kang X.S.Kang B.C.Ke M.Kenzie A.Khoukaz I.Koop E.Kravchenko A.Kuzmin Y.lei E.levichev C.H.li C.li D.Y.li F.li G.li G.li H.B.li H.li H.N.li H.J.li H.l.li J.M.li J.li l.li l.li l.Y.li N.li P.r.li r.H.li S.li T.li W.J.li X.li X.H.li X.Q.li X.H.li Y.li Y.Y.li Z.J.li H.liang J.H.liang Y.T.liang G.r.liao l.Z.liao Y.liao C.X.lin D.X.lin X.S.lin B.J.liu C.W.liu D.liu F.liu G.M.liu H.B.liu J.liu J.J.liu J.B.liu K.liu K.Y.liu K.liu l.liu Q.liu S.B.liu T.liu X.liu Y.W.liu Y.liu Y.l.liu Z.Q.liu Z.Y.liu Z.W.liu I.logashenko Y.long C.G.lu J.X.lu N.lu Q.F.lü Y.lu Y.lu Z.lu P.lukin F.J.luo T.luo X.F.luo Y.H.luo H.J.lyu X.r.lyu J.P.Ma P.Ma Y.Ma Y.M.Ma F.Maas S.Malde D.Matvienko Z.X.Meng r.Mitchell A.Nefediev Y.Nefedov S.l.Olsen Q.Ouyang P.Pakhlov G.Pakhlova X.Pan Y.Pan E.Passemar Y.P.Pei H.P.Peng l.Peng X.Y.Peng X.J.Peng K.Peters S.Pivovarov E.Pyata B.B.Qi Y.Q.Qi W.B.Qian Y.Qian C.F.Qiao J.J.Qin J.J.Qin l.Q.Qin X.S.Qin T.l.Qiu J.rademacker C.F.redmer H.Y.Sang Anhui University Hefei 230039China Beihang University Beijing 100191China Budker Institute of Nuclear Physics Novosibirsk 630090Russia CAS Key laboratory of Theoretical Physics Institute of Theoretical PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100190China Cavendish laboratory University of CambridgeJJ Thomson AveCambridge CB30HEUnited Kingdom Central China Normal University Wuhan 430079China Central South University Changsha 410083China China University of Geosciences Wuhan 430074China China University of Mining and Technology Xuzhou 221116China École Polytechnique Fédérale de lausanne(EPFl) LausanneSwitzerland Fudan University Shanghai 200433China Goethe University Frankfurt D-60325 Frankfurt am MainGermany Guangxi Normal University Guilin 541004China Guangxi Uninversity Nanning 530004China Hangzhou Institute for Advanced Study UCASHangzhou 310024China Hebei Normal University Shijiazhuang 050024China Hebei University Baoding 071002China Hefei University of Technology Hefei 230601China Helmholtz Institute Mainz Staudinger Weg 18D-55099 MainzGermany Henan Normal University Xinxiang 453007China Henan University Kaifeng 475004China High Energy Physics Center Chung-Ang UniversitySeoul 06974Korea Higher School of Economy 11 Pokrovsky Bulvar Moscow 109028Russia Huangshan University Huangshan 245000China Hubei University of Automotive Technology Shiyan 442002China Hunan Normal University Changsha 410081China Hunan University of Science and Technology Xiangtan 411201China Hunan University Changsha 410082China Indiana University BloomingtonIndiana 47405USA Inner Mongolia University Hohhot 010021China Institute of Advanced Science Facilities Shenzhen 518107China Institute of High Energy Physics Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100049China Institute of Modern Physics Chinese Academy of SciencesLanzhou 730000China Institute of Physics Academia SinicaTaipeiTaiwan 11529China Institute of Theoretical Physics Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100190China Jilin University Changch

The superτ-charm facility(STCF)is an electron–positron collider proposed by the Chinese particle physics *** is designed to operate in a center-of-mass energy range from 2 to 7 GeV with a peak luminosity of 0.5×10^(35) cm^(–2)·s^(–1) or *** STCF will produce a data sample about a factor of 100 larger than that of the presentτ-charm factory—the BEPCII,providing a unique platform for exploring the asymmetry of matter-antimatter(charge-parity violation),in-depth studies of the internal structure of hadrons and the nature of non-perturbative strong interactions,as well as searching for exotic hadrons and physics beyond the Standard *** STCF project in China is under development with an extensive r&D *** document presents the physics opportunities at the STCF,describes conceptual designs of the STCF detector system,and discusses future plans for detector r&D and physics case studies.

关键词： electron–positron collider tau-charm region high luminosity STCF detector conceptual design

STM Manipulation of Molecular Moulds on Metal Surfaces

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Nano research 2009年第3期2卷 254-259页

作者： Miao Yu Wei Xu Youness Benjalal regis Barattin Erik lægsgaard Ivan Stensgaard Mohamed Hliwa Xavier Bouju AndréGourdon Christian joachim Trolle r.linderoth Flemming Besenbacher Interdisciplinary Nanoscience Center(iNANO)and Department of Physics and Astronomy Aarhus UniversityNy Munkegade8000 Aarhus CDenmark Nanoscience group CEMES-CNRS29 rue Jeanne Marvig31055 ToulouseFrance Facultédes Sciences Ben MʼSik UniversitéHassan II-MohammédiaBP 7955Sidi OthmanCasablancaMorocco

Molecular landers are a class of compounds containing an aromatic board as well as bulky side groups which upon adsorption of the molecule on a surface may lift the molecular board away from the *** molecular landers have extensively been studied as model systems for nanomachines and the formation of molecular wires,as well as for their function as“molecular moulds”,i.e.,acting as templates by accommodating metal atoms underneath their aromatic ***,we investigate the adsorption of a novel lander molecule 1,4-bis(4-(2,4-diaminotriazine)phenyl)-2,3,5,6-tetrakis(4-tert-butylphenyl)benzene(DAT,C_(64)H_(68)N_(10))on Cu(110)and Au(111)surfaces under ultrahigh vacuum(UHV)*** means of scanning tunneling microscopy(STM)imaging and manipulation,we characterize the morphology and binding geometries of DAT molecules at terraces and step *** the Cu(110)surface,various contact configurations of individual DAT landers were formed at the step edges in a controlled manner,steered by STM manipulation,including lateral translation,rotation,and pushing molecules to an upper *** diffusion barrier of single DAT molecules on Au(111)is considerably smaller than on Cu(110).The DAT lander is specially designed with diamino-triazine side groups making it suitable for future studies of molecular self-assembly by hydrogen-bonding *** results presented here are an important guide to the choice of substrate for future studies using this compound.

关键词： Scanning tunneling microscopy(STM) molecular landers adsorption STM manipulation molecular moulding