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Heterogeneity of mature oligodendrocytes in the central nervous system

Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第5期20卷 1336-1349页

作者： Chao Weng Adam M.R.Groh Moein Yaqubi Qiao-Ling Cui jo anne s.ratton G.R.Wayne Moore Jack P.Antel Neuroimmunology Unit Montreal Neurological Institute-HospitalDepartment of Neurology and NeurosurgeryMcGill UniversityMontrealQCCanada Department of Neurology Renmin Hospital of Wuhan UniversityWuhanHubei ProvinceChina

Mature oligodendrocytes form myelin sheaths that are crucial for the insulation of axons and efficient signal transmission in the central nervous *** evidence has challenged the classical view of the functionally static mature oligodendrocyte and revealed a gamut of dynamic functions such as the ability to modulate neuronal circuitry and provide metabolic support to *** the recognition of potential heterogeneity in mature oligodendrocyte function,a comprehensive summary of mature oligodendrocyte diversity is *** delve into early 20th-century studies by Robertson and Río-Hortega that laid the foundation for the modern identification of regional and morphological heterogeneity in mature ***,recent morphologic and functional studies call into question the long-assumed homogeneity of mature oligodendrocyte function through the identification of distinct subtypes with varying myelination ***,modern molecular investigations,employing techniques such as single cell/nucleus RNA sequencing,consistently unveil at least six mature oligodendrocyte subpopulations in the human central nervous system that are highly transcriptomically diverse and vary with central nervous system *** and disease related mature oligodendrocyte variation denotes the impact of pathological conditions such as multiple sclerosis,Alzheimer's disease,and psychiatric ***,caution is warranted when subclassifying mature oligodendrocytes because of the simplification needed to make conclusions about cell identity from temporally confined *** studies leveraging advanced techniques like spatial transcriptomics and single-cell proteomics promise a more nuanced understanding of mature oligodendrocyte *** research avenues that precisely evaluate mature oligodendrocyte heterogeneity with care to understand the mitigating influence of species,sex,central nervous system region,age,and disease,

关键词： aging central nervous system diseases electron microscopy heterogeneity immunohistochemistry myelin sheath natural history neuroglia oligodendroglia single-cell gene expression analysis

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Neuroinflammation revisited through the microglial lens

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第7期20卷 1989-1990页

作者： Renato socodato joão B.Relvas Institute of Research and Innovation in Health(i3s)and Institute for Molecular and Cell Biology(IBMC) University of PortoPortoPortugal Department of Biomedicine Faculty of Medicine of the University of Porto(FMUP)PortoPortugal

Neuroimmunology is emerging as a pivotal field,shedding light on the intricate dialogues between the central nervous system(CNs)and the immune *** exploration is particularly significant in understanding microglia,the CNs’s innate immune cells,beyond the conventional conflation of“neuroinflammation”and“microglial activation.”This conflation has clouded the true complexity of these processes,potentially stalling scientific progress and the development of new *** challenge the long-standing perspectives that have oversimplified these interactions,advocating for a deeper exploration of the dynamic relationship between neuroinflammation and microglial *** dissecting specific molecular pathways,we aim to illuminate their elaborate roles in neuroinflammatory responses,especially in the context of Alzheimer’s disease(AD).Here,neuroinflammation is not merely a passive observer or a direct antagonist but a complex agent in the disease’s *** article calls for a significant paradigm shift towards an integrative,multi-omics approach to *** such a comprehensive framework is crucial for advancing our understanding of neuroinflammatory conditions and paving the way for targeted therapeutic strategies for brain diseases.

关键词： inflammation simplified activation

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Ependymal cells and multiple sclerosis: proposing a relationship

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Neural Regeneration Research 2020年第2期15卷 263-264页

作者： Dale Hatrock Nina Caporicci-nucci jo anne s.ratton The Montreal Neurological Institute McGill UniversityMontrealCanada Integrated Program in Neuroscience McGill UniversityMontrealCanada

Multiple sclerosis (Ms) currently affects ~2.5 million people worldwide. Ms is typically diagnosed in young adults and is usually not fatal, meaning people live long lives with Ms. Affected individuals usually suffer from progressive physical and/or cognitive disability, often including fatigue (89.6%), depression (53.9%), memory loss (49.0%), motor or sensory dysfunction (76.4%, 70.4%) and urinary incontinence (50.8%).

关键词： multiple sclerosis relationship dysfunction

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Flexural-wave-generation using a phononic crystal with a piezoelectric defect

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Applied Mathematics and Mechanics(English Edition) 2023年第8期44卷 1241-1262页

作者： s.H.jo D.LEE Department of Mechanical Roboticsand Energy EngineeringDongguk UniversitySeoul 04620Republic of Korea Department of Mechanical Engineering Seoul National UniversitySeoul 08826Republic of Korea

This paper proposes a method to amplify the performance of a flexural-wave-generation system by utilizing the energy-localization characteristics of a phononic crystal(PnC)with a piezoelectric defect and an analytical approach that accelerates the predictions of such wave-generation *** proposed analytical model is based on the Euler-Bernoulli beam *** proposed analytical approach,inspired by the transfer matrix and s-parameter methods,is used to perform band-structure and time-harmonic analyses.A comparison of the results of the proposed approach with those of the finite element method validates the high predictive capability and time efficiency of the proposed model.A case study is explored;the results demonstrate an almost ten-fold amplification of the velocity amplitudes of flexural waves leaving at a defect-band frequency,compared with a system without the ***,design guidelines for piezoelectric-defect-introduced PnCs are provided by analyzing the changes in wave-generation performance that arise depending on the defect location.

关键词： phononic crystal(PnC) defect wave-generation fexural wave analytical model

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In-situ production of ozone and ultraviolet light using a barrier discharge reactor for wastewater treatment

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journal of Zhejiang University-science A(Applied Physics & Engineering) 2009年第9期10卷 1359-1366页

作者： Jin-Oh jo Y.s.MOK Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering Jeju National University

A dielectric barrier discharge (DBD) reactor consisting of water-filled dielectric tube electrodes was used for the treatment of wastewater. The inner dielectric tube, which acted as the discharging electrode, was filled with an aqueous electrolyte solution. The outer dielectric tube, which served as the other electrode, was in contact with the wastewater, which was grounded. The present reactor system was energy-efficient for the production of ozone, not only because the perfect contact between the aqueous electrode and the dielectric surface minimized the loss of the electrical energy, but also because the DBD reactor was cooled by the wastewater. In addition, the ultraviolet (UV) light produced in the DBD reactor was able to assist in the wastewater treatment since the quartz tube used as the dielectric material was UV-transparent. The performance of the present DBD system was evaluated using a synthetic wastewater formed from distilled water and an azo dye, amaranth. The experimental parameters were the concentration of the electrolyte in the aqueous electrode, the discharge power, the initial pH of the wastewater and the concentration of hydrogen peroxide added to the wastewater. The wastewater treatment system was found to be effective for achieving decomposition of the dye.

关键词： Dielectric barrier discharge (DBD) Aqueous electrode Ozone Ultraviolet (UV) Wastewater

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Inflammatory myofibroblastic tumor of the distal common bile duct:Literature review with focus on pathological examination

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World journal of Clinical Cases 2023年第20期11卷 4734-4739页

作者： Fleur Cordier anne Hoorens Liesbeth Ferdinande jo Van Dorpe David Creytens Department of Pathology Ghent University HospitalGhent 9000Belgium

Inflammatory myofibroblastic tumor(IMT)of the biliary tract is rare,and often difficult to diagnose or to distinguish from other tumors due to its atypical clinical presentation and nonspecific radiological ***,IMTs are(myo)fibroblastic neoplasms with a prominent inflammatory *** are characterized by receptor tyrosine kinase gene rearrangements,most often involving an anaplastic lymphoma kinase(ALK)*** final diagnosis of IMT depends on histopathology and immunohistochemical *** this manuscript,we provide a clinical and morphomolecular overview of IMT and the difficulties that may arise in using immunohistochemical and molecular techniques in diagnosing IMT.

关键词： Inflammatory myofibroblastic tumor Fluorescence in situ hybridization Nextgeneration sequencing Mesenchymal tumors of the gastrointestinal tract

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Pediatric vascular tumors of the liver:Review from the pathologist’s point of view

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World journal of Hepatology 2021年第10期13卷 1316-1327页

作者： Fleur Cordier anne Hoorens jo Van Dorpe David Creytens Department of Pathology Ghent University HospitalGhent UniversityGhent 9000Belgium

Differential diagnosis of pediatric vascular liver tumors can be challenging due to inconsistent nomenclature,histologic overlap and the rarity of some *** we give an up-to-date overview of the most important *** discuss the clinic,histology and pathophysiology of hepatic congenital and infantile heman-gioma,hepatic epithelioid hemangioendothelioma and hepatic angio-sarcoma.

关键词： Hepatic congenital hemangioma Hepatic infantile hemangioma Hepatic epithelioid hemangioendothelioma Hepatic angiosarcoma Hepatic vascular tumors of infancy Hepatic hemangiomas

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Effect of a force-free end on the mechanical property of a biopolymer--A path integral approach

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Chinese Physics B 2016年第8期25卷 468-473页

作者：周子聪 Bla joós Department of Physics Tamkang University Ottawa Carleton Institute for Physics University of Ottawa Campus

We study the effect of a force-free end on the mechanical property of a stretched *** system can be divided into two *** first part consists of the segment counted from the fixed point（i.e.,the origin） to the forced point in the biopolymer,with arclength L_*** second part consists of the segment counted from the forced point to the force-free end with arclength △*** apply the path integral technique to find the relationship between these two *** finite temperature and without any constraint at the end,we show exactly that if we focus on the quantities related to the first part,then we can ignore the second part *** Carlo simulation confirms this *** contrast,the effect for the quantities related to the second part is dependent on what we want to observe.A force-free end has little effect on the relative extension,but it affects seriously the value of the end-to-end distance if △L is comparable to L_f.

关键词： statistical physics path integral biopolymers mechanical property

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Atm deficient zebrafish model reveals conservation of the tumour suppressor function and a role in fertility

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Genes & Diseases 2023年第2期10卷 381-384页

作者： Jeroen Vierstraete Charlotte Fieuws David Creytens jo Van Dorpe Andy Willaert anne Vral Kathleen BM Claes Center for Medical Genetics Department of Biomolecular MedicineGhent University Hospital and Ghent University9000 GhentBelgium Department of Human structure and Repair Ghent University9000 GhentBelgium Cancer Research Institute Ghent (CRIG) Ghent University and Ghent University Hospital9000 GhentBelgium Department of Pathology Ghent University and Ghent University Hospital9000 GhentBelgium

Biallelic loss-of-function variants in ATM (Ataxia Telangiectasia Mutated) cause Ataxia Telangiectasia (AT), a rare disorder associated with cerebellar degeneration and ataxia, cancer predisposition, infertility, growth retardation, etc. ATM is a phosphoinositide 3-kinase-related kinase (PIKK) with a role in DNA repair and maintenance of genome stability. studying a multisystem genetic disease like AT requires animal models to ascertain its pathogenesis at the level of tissues, organs and the organism. Due to its small size, cheap maintenance, large progeny, rapid development and initial transparency, zebrafish (Danio rerio) is an increasingly popular vertebrate model organism, suitable for genetic modifications and large-scale in vivo therapeutic screens as embryos are chemically permeable to small compounds. Currently, no zebrafish model for AT exists.1 We generated atm knock-outs through CRIPsR-Cas9 mutagenesis. We show that atm conserved its function as a tumour suppressor gene and is involved in gametogenesis and fertility. Therefore, this mutant is of great value for further studies investigating the role of atm in reproduction and tumorigenesis.

关键词： ATM function transparency

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Earwig mothers consume the feces of their juveniles during family life

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Insect science 2022年第2期29卷 595-602页

作者： sophie Van Meyel séverine Devers joël Meunier Institut de Recherche sur la Biologie de l'Insecte UMR 7261CNRSUniversity of ToursToursFrance

Many animals consume the feces of their *** allo-coprophagy can have benefits,such as access to nutrients and symbionts,but also risks for consumers,mainly due to direct contact with pathogens that develop on *** the European earwig Forficula auricularia,mothers and juveniles live in nests lined with their *** surprising habit allows juveniles to consume the feces of their siblings during family life and provides them with nutritional benefits when mothers provide low ***,it was unclear whether earwig mothers also practice allo-coprophagy,and whether this behavior is motivated by their nutritional ***,we set up four types of experimental families in which we manipulated the nutritional needs of mothers and/or juveniles and measured the effects on the production of feces by the juveniles,and the consumption of these feces by the *** results first show that fed juveniles produced more feces pellet in presence of fed compared to food-deprived *** also found that,overall,about 50%of the mothers consumed juveniles *** consumption was both more likely and larger when the feces were produced by fed compared to food-deprived juveniles,while the proportion of feces pellets eaten was larger in food-deprived compared to fed ***,our results reveal that allo-coprophagy involves every family member and suggest that it can have both nutritional and non-nutritional benefits for earwig ***-coprophagy could thus favor the maintenance of mothers in the nest and,more generally,promote the early evolution of family life.

关键词： cooperation coprophagy dermaptera family life parental care

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