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cAMP:A second messenger involved in the mechanism of midgut alkalinization in Lutzomyia longipalpis

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Insect Science 2022年第4期29卷 1059-1070页

作者： Denise Barguil Nepomuceno Grasielle Caldas D’Ávila pessoa Leonardo Barbosa Koerich Marcos Horácio Pereira Mauricio Roberto Viana Sant'Anna Ricardo Nascimento Araújo Nelder Figueiredo Gontijo Laboratório de Fisiologia de Insetos Hematófagos Departamento de Parasitologia/ICBUniversidade Federal de Minas GeraisBelo HorizonteMGBrazil

The sand fly Lutzomyia longipalpis is the main vector of Leishmania infantum in the Americas.Female sand flies ingest sugar-rich solutions and blood,which are digested in the midgut.Digestion of nutrients is an essential function performed by digestive enzymes,which require appropriate physiological conditions.one of the main aspects that influence enzymatic activity is the gut pH,which must be tightly controlled.Considering second messengers are frequently involved in the coordination of tightly regulated physiological events,we investigated if the second messenger cAMP would participate in the process of alkalinization in the abdominal midgut of female L.longipalpis.In midguts containing the indicator dye bromothymol-blue,cAMP stimulated the alkalinization of the midgut lumen.Through another technique based on the use of fluorescein as a pH indicator,we propose that cAMP is involved in the alkalinization of the midgut by activating HCo3-transport from the enterocyte's cytoplasm to the lumen.The results strongly suggested that the carrier responsible for this process would be a HCo3−/Cl−antiporter located in the enterocytes’apical membrane.Hematophagy promotes the release of alkalinizing hormones in the hemolymph;however,when the enzyme adenylyl cyclase,responsible for cAMP production,was inhibited,we observed that the hemolymph from blood-fed L.longipalpis’females did not stimulate midgut alkalinization.This result indicated that hormone-stimulated alkalinization is mediated by cAMP.In the present study,we provide evidences that cAMP has a key role in the control of intestinal pH.

关键词： abdominal midgut alkalinization cAMP HCo_(3)^(-)/Cl^(-)antiport hormone Lulcomyia longipalpis

Case report of a criminal dismemberment in Northeast Brazil

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Forensic Sciences Research 2022年第4期7卷 637-642页

作者： Evelyne pessoa Soriano Maria do Socorro Dantas de Araújo Francisca de Assis Nascimento Pereira Francisca Divina Silveira de Melo Cristiane Helena da Silva Barbosa Freire Marcus Vitor Diniz de Carvalho Medico-legal Institute of joão pessoa ParaíbaBrazil Faculty of Dentistry(FoP) Center for Studies in Forensic Anthropology(CEAF)University of Pernambuco(UPE)RecifeBrazil

Several decomposed body parts were received for examination by the Forensic Anthropology section of the Medico-legal Institute of joão pessoa,Paraíba,Brazil.The portions of the lower and upper limbs,ribs,vertebrae,and a skull were thoroughly examined.The biological profile indicated a male individual with an estimated age range between 23 and 57 years and a mean age of 35.2 years(SD=9.4;phase IV,Suchey-Brooks).The skeleton showed injuries caused by sharp force and sharp-blunt force trauma that affected all body segments.Macroscopically,the lesions are mainly in the diaphyseal segments of the long bones,sacrum,pelvis,mandible,maxilla,scapulae,sternum,vertebrae,the distal epiphysis of the left fibula,and the distal epiphysis of the left tibia displayed characteristics compatible with injuries produced perimortem.It was not possible to determine the cause of death.DNAanalysis resulted in a positive identification.Because of common difficulties faced in forensic practice,it is often not possible for forensic anthropologists to go to the crime scene,X-ray or body scanners are frequently unavailable,and the victim’s medical and/or dental records are sometimes absent.These difficulties make identification ultimately depend on genetic analysis,which is more time-consuming than other identification methods.Despite this,bone fragment examination in dismemberment cases is a complex task.Forensic Anthropology can shed light on cases involving the identification of dismembered remains,which are challenging because of the number of traumatic injuries,as well as different injury patterns,on bones.

关键词： Forensic sciences forensic anthropology dismemberment human identification

Intimate partner violence against women. Does violence decrease after the entry of the alleged offender into the criminal justice system?

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Forensic Sciences Research 2022年第1期7卷 53-60页

作者： Paulo Vieira-Pinto joséIgnacio Muñoz-Barús Tiago Taveira-Gomes Maria joão Vidal-Alves Teresa Magalhães Department of Forensic Sciences PathologyGynaecology and ObstetricsPaediatricsInstitute of Forensic SciencesUniversity of Santiago de CompostelaSantiago de CompostelaSpain IINFAC TS-Institute of Research and Advanced Training in Health Sciences Department of SciencesCESPUUniversity Institute of Health Sciences(IUCS)GandraPortugal cFaculty of Medicine University of PortoPortoPortugal CINTESIS-Centre of Health Technology and Service Research University of PortoPortoPortugal Fernando pessoa University PortoPortugal

Intimate partner violence(IPV)is simultaneously assumed as a serious crime and a major public health issue,having recurrences as one of its main characteristics and,consequently,re-entries of some alleged offenders in the criminal justice system(CJS).The main goal of this study is to assess if in cases of female victims of IPV,violence decreases after the first entry of the alleged offender in the CJS.A retrospective study was performed based on the analysis of police reports of alleged cases of IPV during a 4-year period.The final sample(n=1488)was divided into two groups according to the number of entries in the CJS(single or multiple)followed by a comparative approach.Results suggest that violence decreases after the first entry of alleged offenders in the CJS.Re-entries were found in only 15.5%of the cases but they were accountable for 3.3 times more crimes on average.Besides,victims of recidivism presented more injuries and required more medical care.Thus,a small group of alleged offenders seems to be more violent and accountable for most of the IPV crimes registered in the CJS suggesting that regardless of legal sanctions aiming to deter violence,these measures may not be enough for a certain group of offenders.This study sustains the need for a predictive model to quantify the risk of repeated IPV cases within the Portuguese population.

关键词： Forensic sciences intimate partner violence women re-entry recidivism criminal justice system

Prevalence of Kudoa in Fish Fillets Caught in Para State

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journal of Zoological Research 2020年第3期2卷 9-14页

作者： Marianna Vaz RoDRIGUES Patrícia Tidori MIURA Jéssica Fernandes de oLIVEIRA Maria das Dores Correia Palha joão pessoa Araújo JÚNIoR UNESP-São Paulo State University(Unesp) BiotechnologyAlameda das Tecomarias s/n18607-440BotucatuSão PauloBrazil Food Technology Laboratory Food Science DepartmentUniversity of CampinasCidade Universitária“Zeferino Vaz”s/n13083-862CampinasSão PauloBrazil Universidade Federal Rural da Amazônia Avenida Presidente Tancredo Neves 250166077-830BelémParáBrazil

Kudoa is a myxozoan that causes myoliquefaction in marine fishes.Most of species only affect fish,but a K.septempunctata outbreak was reported in 358 people.Although many species of Kudoa are known,none was described in Brachyplatystoma filamentosum,Brachyplatystoma rousseauxii,Mugil curema,Plagioscion squamosissimus or oxydoras niger until now.Due to the economic cost of eliminating seafood presenting myxozoan lesions,this study aimed to describe lesions found at necropsy and histopathology,as well as to detect this myxozoan by molecular techniques.For this purpose,were sampled 85 fish of the following species:Brachyplatystoma filamentosum,Brachyplatystoma rousseauxii,Mugil curema,Plagioscion squamosissimus,and oxydoras niger from Colares and Vigia,Pará,Brazil.Necropsies were carried out to describe lesions and molecular techniques(PCR and sequencing)were applied for identification.Although muscle lesions were not observed at necropsy,histopathology revealed bacterial colonies,coagulative necrosis,dystrophic calcification,eosinophils,hemorrhage,parasitic pseudocysts,protozoan,and vacuolization.After sequencing,K.shiomitsui(GENBANK:LC128646)was identified as the most similar causative agent of fishes infection,but due to phylogenetic results and identity we suggest that the myxozoan found could be a new specie.Also,high parasitism of this myxozoan was observed in fishes sampled,i.e.,90%in Colares and 100%in Vigia.

关键词： Myxozoan Parasitism Seafood Sanitary inspection Myoliquefaction

Antifungal activity and antidiarrheal activity via antimotility mechanisms of (-)-fenchone in experimental models

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World journal of Gastroenterology 2020年第43期26卷 6795-6809页

作者： Michelle Liz de Souza pessoa Leiliane Macena oliveira Silva Maria Elaine Cristina Araruna Catarina Alves de Lima Serafim Edvaldo Balbino Alves Junior Alessa oliveira Silva Matheus Marley Bezerra pessoa Hermes Diniz Neto Edeltrudes de oliveira Lima Leonia Maria Batista Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences IPeFarMFederal University of ParaibaJoao Pessoa 58051-970ParaibaBrazil Health Sciences Center Federal University of ParaibaJoaoPessoa 58051-970ParaibaBrazil Postgraduate Program in Natural and Synthetic Bioactive Products Universidade Federal da ParaibaJoão Pessoa 58051-900Brazil

BACKGRoUND(-)-Fenchone is a bicyclic monoterpene present in essential oils of plant species,such as Foeniculum vulgare and Peumus boldus,used to treatment of gastrointestinal diseases.Pharmacological studies report its anti-inflammatory,antioxidant,and antinociceptive activity.AIM To investigate antidiarrheal activity related to gastrointestinal motility,intestinal secretion and antimicrobial activity.METHoDS A castor oil-induced diarrhea model was used to evaluate antidiarrheal activity.Intestinal transit and gastric emptying protocols were used to assess a possible antimotility effect.Muscarinic receptors,presynaptic α2-adrenergic and tissue adrenergic receptors,KATP channels,nitric oxide were investigated to uncover antimotility mechanisms of action and castor oil-induced enteropooling to elucidate antisecretory mechanisms.The antimicrobial activity was evaluated in the minimum inhibitory concentration model,the fractional inhibitory concentration index using the(-)-fenchone association method with standard antifungal agents.RESULTS(-)-Fenchone(75,150 and 300 mg/kg)showed antidiarrheal activity,with a significant decrease in the evacuation index.This activity is possibly related to a percentage of reduced intestinal transit(75,150 and 300 mg/kg).The antimotility effect of(-)-fenchone decreased in the presence of pilocarpine,yohimbine,propranolol,L-NG-nitroarginine methyl ester or glibenclamide.In the enteropooling model,no reduction in intestinal fluid weight was observed.(-)-Fenchone did not show antibacterial activity;on the other hand,inhibits the growth of strains of fungi with a minimum fungicide concentration of 32μg/mL.However,when it was associated with amphotericin B,no synergism was observed.CoNCLUSIoN The antidiarrheal effect of(-)-fenchone in this study involves antimotility effect and not involve antisecretory mechanisms.(-)-Fenchone presents antifungal activity;however,it did not show antibacterial activity.

关键词： (-)-Fenchone Monoterpenes Diarrhea Motility Antifungal

Atlas of precipitation extremes for South America and Africa based on depth-duration-frequency relationships in a stochastic weather generator dataset

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International Soil and Water Conservation Research 2023年第4期11卷 726-742页

作者： Andrew Fullhart David C.Goodrich Menberu B.Meles Paulo Tarso S.oliveira Cristiano das Neves Almeida joséC.de Araújo Shea Burns Southwest Watershed Research Center USDA-ARS 2000 E.Allen Rd.TucsonAZ85719United States Sustainable Agricultural Water Systems Unit USDA-ARS 239 Hopkins RoadDavisCA95616United States Faculty of Engineering Architecture and Urbanism and GeographyUniversidade Federal de Mato Grosso do SulCampo GrandeMS79070-900Brazil Water Resources and Environmental Engineering Laboratory Universidade Federal da ParaíbaJoao PessoaPB58051-900Brazil Department of Agricultural Engineering Campus do Pici Fortaleza Universidade Federal do CearáFortaleza60020-181Brazil

Information about extreme rainfall is lacking in regions of South America and Africa.This study attempts to fill this scientific gap by use of a gridded parameterization for the stochastic weather generator,CLIGEN,to map depth-duration-frequency(DDF)relationships.Analysis of 500-year point-scale precipitation time series generated at each grid point allowed maps of return period precipitation to be produced for a se-lection of sixteen durations ranging from 10-min to 1-year and for nine return periods from 2 to 500 years.The generalized extreme value(GEV)probability distribution was fitted for all durations,and given GEV quantiles,an interpolation method was applied to produce maps at 0.1° resolution that better resolve small-scale spatial climate gradients.In addition to uncertainties related to GEV fitting,this study quantifies prediction intervals based on ground validation.This validation was important for identifying biases in CLIGEN,although uncertainties were not always satisfactorily defined due to sampling design and other factors.For daily/multi-day durations,100 stations with daily observations and ≥50-year records were selected for validation against the 0.1° CLIGEN map series,resulting in a median and average absolute error of 13%and 16%,respectively.For sub-daily durations,prediction errors were larger overall.An analogy using available U.S.data established the degree of bias in CUGEN for sub-daily durations,and three records in Brazil with high temporal resolutions were used to confirm that applied bias adjustments resulted in error ranges similar to the daily/multi-day cases.This atlas is freely available for study of extreme precipitation.

关键词： Africa Depth-duration-frequency Extreme precipitation South America

Ingredients from integral valorization of Isabel grape to formulate goat yogurt with stimulatory effects on probiotics and beneficial impacts on human colonic microbiota in vitro

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Food Science and Human Wellness 2023年第4期12卷 1331-1342页

作者： Francyeli Araújo Silva Rita de Cássia Ramos do Egypto Queiroga Evandro Leite de Souza Glenise Bierhalz Voss Maria Manuela Estevez Pintado Margarida Angélica da Silva Vasconcelos Department of Nutrition Federal University of PernambucoRecife 50670-420Brazil Department of Nutrition Health Sciences CenterFederal University of ParaíbaJoão Pessoa 58050-585Brazil Universidade Católica Portuguesa CBQF-Centro de Biotecnologia e Química Fina-Laboratório AssociadoEscola Superior de BiotecnologiaPorto 4169-005Portugal

Isabel grape(IG)products have high contents of phenolic compounds and fiber recognized for their positive impacts on microorganisms associated with health benefits to host.This study evaluated the effects of goat yogurts formulated with ingredients from IG integral valorization on the growth and metabolism of different probiotic strains,as well as on the population of selected bacterial groups and metabolic activity of human colonic microbiota in vitro.Goat yogurts with IG ingredients(IGI)stimulated the growth of tested Lactobacillus and Bifidobacterium probiotic strains during a 48-h cultivation,as well as decreased the pH values and enhanced the organic acid production.Goat yogurts with IGI increased the population of Lactobacillus spp.and Bifidobacterium spp.during a 24-h in vitro colonic fermentation.A stable Firmicutes:Bacteroidetes ratio close to 1 was found in media with goat yogurt formulations during the colonic fermentation,being similar to the effect caused by fructooligosaccharides.Goat yogurt formulations with IGI caused increased production of short-chain fatty acids and sugar consumption during colonic fermentation.Goat yogurts with IGI should be a valuable strategy for development of novel added-value foods with beneficial effects on gut microbiota and human health.

关键词： Goat dairy product Grape Beneficial microorganisms Gut microbiota Modulatory effects

Generalized Jackiw-Teitelboim gravity in presence of Block brane-like models

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Chinese Physics C 2022年第12期46卷 258-270页

作者： I.Andrade D.Bazeia A.S.Lobão Jr. R.Menezes Departamento de Física Universidade Federal da Paraíba58051-970 João PessoaPBBrazil Escola Técnica de Saúde de Cajazeiras Universidade Federal de Campina Grande58900-000 CajazeirasPBBrazil Departamento de Ciências Exatas Universidade Federal da Paraíba58297-000 Rio TintoPBBrazil

We investigate generalized Jackiw-Teitelboim gravity,coupling the dilaton field with two scalar matter fields.We obtain the equations of motion for the fields and investigate a linear perturbation of the solutions in general.We study two specific situations that allow for analytic solutions with topological behavior and check how the dilaton field,the warp factor and the Ricci scalar behave.In particular,we show how the parameters can be used to modify the structure of the solutions.Moreover,the perturbations are,in general,described by intricate coupled differential equations,but in some specific cases,we can construct the corresponding zero modes analytically.

关键词： Dilaton 2D gravity Multifield

Maternal low protein diet induces persistent expression changes in metabolic genes in male rats

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World journal of Diabetes 2020年第5期11卷 182-192页

作者： Allan de oliveira Lira joséLuiz de Brito Alves Mariana Pinheiro Fernandes Diogo Vasconcelos David Filipe Santana joão Henrique da Costa-Silva Béatrice Morio Carol Góis Leandro Luciano Pirola Department of Nutrition Federal University of PernambucoVitoria de Santo AntãoPernambuco 55608680Brazil Department of Nutrition Federal University of ParaíbaJoao Pessoa 74556060Brazil Henrique da Costa-Silva Luciano PirolaDepartment of Physical Education and Sport SciencesFederal University of PernambucoVitoria de Santo AntãoPernambuco 55608680Brazil Carmen(Cardiology Metabolism and Nutrition)LaboratoryINSERM U1060Lyon-1 UniversitySouth Lyon Medical FacultyPierre Benite 69310France

BACKGRoUND Perinatal exposure to a poor nutritional environment predisposes the progeny to the development of metabolic disease at the adult age,both in experimental models and humans.Numerous adaptive responses to maternal protein restriction have been reported in metabolic tissues.However,the expression of glucose/fatty acid metabolism-related genes in adipose tissue and liver needs to be described.AIM To evaluate the metabolic impact of perinatal malnutrition,we determined malnutrition-associated gene expression alterations in liver and adipose tissue.METHoDS In the present study,we evaluated the alterations in gene expression of glycolytic/Krebs cycle genes(Pyruvate dehydrogenase kinase 4 and citrate synthase),adipogenic and lipolytic genes and leptin in the adipose tissue of offspring rats at 30 d and 90 d of age exposed to maternal isocaloric low protein(LP)diet throughout gestation and lactation.We also evaluated,in the livers of the same animals,the same set of genes as well as the gene expression of the transcription factors peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma coactivator 1,forkhead box protein o1 and hepatocyte nuclear factor 4 and of gluconeogenic genes.RESULTS In the adipose tissue,we observed a transitory(i.e.,at 30 d)downregulation of pyruvate dehydrogenase kinase 4,citrate synthase and carnitine palmitoyl transferase 1b gene expression.Such transcriptional changes did not persist in adult LP rats(90 d),but we observed a tendency towards a decreased gene expression of leptin(P=0.052).The liver featured some gene expression alterations comparable to the adipose tissue,such as pyruvate dehydrogenase kinase 4 downregulation at 30 d and displayed other tissue-specific changes,including citrate synthase and fatty acid synthase upregulation,but pyruvate kinase downregulation at 30 d in the LP group and carnitine palmitoyl transferase 1b downregulation at 90 d.These gene alterations,together with previously described changes in gene expression in skeletal muscle,may account for the metabolic a

关键词： Metabolic adaptation Phenotype plasticity Liver Adipose tissue Metabolism Maternal protein undernutrition Rats