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High-repetition-rate source of nanosecond duration kA-current pulses driven by relativistic laser pulses

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High Power Laser Science and Engineering 2024年第3期12卷 106-115页

作者： Michael Ehret Jakub Cikhardt Philip Wykeham Bradford Iuliana-Mariana Vladisavlevici Tomas Burian Diego de Luis jose Luis Henares Rubén Hernández Martín jon Imanol Apiñaniz Roberto Lera joséantonio Pérez-Hernández joão jorge Santos Giancarlo Gatti Centro de Láseres Pulsados(CLPU) VillamayorSpain Czech Technical University in Prague Faculty of Electrical EngineeringPragueCzech Republic Univ.Bordeaux-CNRS-CEA Centre Lasers Intenses et Applications(CELIA)UMR 5107TalenceFrance Department of Radiation and Chemical Physics FZU-Institute of Physics of the Czech Academy of SciencesPragueCzech Republic

We report the first high-repetition-rate generation and simultaneous characterization of nanosecond-scale return currents of kA-magnitude issued by the polarization of a target irradiated with a PW-class high-repetition-rate titanium:sapphire laser system at relativistic *** present experimental results obtained with the VEGA-3 laser at intensities from5×10^(18)to 1.3×10^(20)W cm^(-2).A non-invasive inductive return-current monitor is adopted to measure the derivative of return currents of the order of kA ns-1and analysis methodology is developed to derive return *** compare the current for copper,aluminium and Kapton targets at different laser *** data show the stable production of current peaks and clear prospects for the tailoring of the pulse shape,which is promising for future applications in highenergy-density science,for example,electromagnetic interference stress tests,high-voltage pulse response measurements and charged particle beam *** compare the target discharge of the order of hundreds of nC with theoretical predictions and a good agreement is found.

关键词： current pulses electromagnetic pulse application high-power laser relativistic laser plasma

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Arlenea delicata *** ***.,a new ephedroid plant from the Early Cretaceous Crato Formation,Araripe Basin,Northeast Brazil

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Plant Diversity 2024年第3期46卷 362-371页

作者： Alita Maria Neves Ribeiro Yong Yang antonio Alamo Feitosa Saraiva Renan Alfredo Machado Bantim joao Tavares Calixto Junior Flaviana jorge de Lima Programa de Pos-Graduaçao em Diversidade Biologica e Recursos Naturais Universidade Regional do CaririRua Carolino SucupiraPimenta63105-160CratoCearaBrazil Co-Innovation Center for Sustainable Forestry in Southern China College of Biology and the Environment159 Longpan RoadNanjing Forestry UniversityNanjing210037China Laboratorio de Paleontologia Universidade Regional do CaririRua Carolino SucupiraPimenta63105-160CratoCearaBrazil Laboratorio de Estudos da Flora Regional Universidade Regional do CaririRua Carolino SucupiraPimenta63105-160CratoCearaBrazil Gondwanan Plants Lab Universidade Federal de PernambucoCentro Academico de VitoriaRua Do Alto Reservatorio S/nBela Vista55608-680Vitoria de Santo AntaoPernambucoBrazil Programa de Pos-Graduaçao em Geociencias(PPGEoC) Universidade Federal de Pernambuco(UFPE)Rua Av.da ArquiteturaS/n°CEP-50740-550Cidade UniversitariaRecifePernambucoBrazil

Ephedroid macrofossils have been widely documented in Cretaceous deposits,including numerous from the Lower Cretaceous Yixian Formation of NE ***,few ephedroid macrofossils have been reported from South ***,we describe a new plant of the family Ephedraceae,Arlenea delicata *** ***.,from the Lower Cretaceous Crato Formation of the Araripe Basin,Northeast Brazil,based on the vegetative and reproductive *** has the typical morphological characteristics of ephedroid plants,including fertile reproductive branches,opposite phyllotaxy,terminal female cones,a sympodial branching system,longitudinally striated internodes,and swollen *** new finding is unusual in having inner chlamydosperms subtended by two pairs of bracts,reproductive units connected to branches through swollen receptacles and a smooth seed *** new ephedroid taxon from the Crato Formation increases our understanding of plant diversity of this group during the Early ***,the general morphology(fleshy bracts and enlarged receptacles)of this new fossil discovery indicates that seeds of this plant may have been dispersed by animals such as pterosaurs(mainly the Tapejaridae)and birds(Enantiornithes and ornituromorpha).If true,this would explain the cosmopolitan distribution of Ephedraceae in the Lower Cretaceous.

关键词： Early Cretaceous Gnetophytes Arlenea delicata Ephedrales Crato Formation

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Development of a Ready-to-Use PSMA-11 Kit Formulation and Biological Evaluation of Binding Affinity

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Advances in Molecular Imaging 2024年第2期13卷 7-22页

作者： Maria Renata Valente Brandão Freire Natália Marchesan Bexiga Marco antonio Stephano joão Ezequiel oliveira Carlos Roberto jorge Soares Ana Cláudia Camargo Miranda Anna Carolina de Alcântara Barbosa Marycel Figols de Barboza Laura Fernanda Garcia Luiz Felipe S. Teixeira Maria Helena Marumo Bellini Natanael Gomes da Silva Luiza Mascarenhas Balieiro joel Mendes Elaine Bortoleti de Araújo Centro de Radiofarmcia Instituto de Pesquisas Energticas e Nucleares (IPEN) Cidade Universitria So Paulo Brasil Departamento de Tecnologia Farmacutica Faculdade de Cincias Farmacuticas (USP) Cidade Universitria So Paulo Brasil Centro de Biotecnologia Instituto de Pesquisas Energticas e Nucleares (IPEN) Cidade Universitria So Paulo Brasil Departamento de Medicina Nuclear do Hospital Israelita Albert Einstein So Paulo/SP Brasil

Introduction: 68Ga-PSMA-11 is considered the gold standard in detection of micro and oligometastases in advanced prostate cancer, being used for therapeutic planning, as well as, potentially, for evaluating response to treatment. The development of ready-to-use lyophilized kit of PSMA-11 adds quality and safety to the routine use of this radiopharmaceutical and represents a pharmacotechnical challenge as it must preserve the integrity and specificity of the ligand. Methods: PSMA-11 kit formulation was proposed, considering radiolabeling parameters and the preservation of the peptide during the lyophilization process, using mannitol as an excipient. Critical temperature characterization studies were carried out using DSC equipment and the freeze-drying process was developed. The direct radiolabeling conditions were evaluated and standardized using 68Ge/68Ga generator eluate from two different manufacturers (ITG and Eckert & Ziegler). The radiochemical purity was evaluated by TLC and HPLC. Biological evaluation was carried out with lyophilized PSMA-11 to demonstrate the integrity of the peptide and preservation of biological activity after the lyophilization process. Results: Based on critical temperature characterization studies, the freeze-drying cycle was designed to reach a freezing temperature of around −40˚C and primary drying at 2˚C. Using 20 mg of mannitol, an intact and elegant lyophilized cake was obtained. PSMA-11 lyophilized kit was directly labeled with 68Ga eluate from 68Ge/68Ga GMP generators (ITG and Eckert & Ziegler) resulting in % RP > 95% at pH 4.0 to 4.5. The results obtained from in vitro and in vivo biological competition studies confirmed the preservation of PSMA-11 affinity for the receptor after lyophilization. Conclusion: A lyophilized formulation (Kit) of PSMA-11 was successfully obtained, which preserved the integrity and biological activity of the peptide and guaranteed radiolabeling efficiency.

关键词： 68Ga-PSMA-11 Prostate-Specific Membrane Antigen (PSMA) Ready-to-Use Kit GMP-Grade Generators Metastatic Prostate Cancer PET Imaging

Antioxidants Enzymes Activities and No Levels in Hemodialysis and Continuous Ambulatory Peritoneal Dialysis—A Comparative Study

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journal of Biosciences and Medicines 2024年第2期12卷 50-59页

作者： Natalia Cristina Aparecida Ribeiro e Ribeiro Anderson Martins Tavares Jaslana Hainfellner da Silva joão Paulo Lima Daher Salim Kanaan Luciene de Carvalho Cardoso-Weide Laboratory of Neuroplasticity Neurobiology Department Biology Institute Federal Fluminense University Rio de Janeiro Brazil Postgraduate Program in Medical Sciences School of Medicine Federal Fluminense University Rio de Janeiro Brazil School of Biology UNIVERSO—Salgado de Oliveira University Rio de Janeiro Brazil Department of Pathology Faculty of Medicine Federal Fluminense University Rio de Janeiro Brazil

It consists of a retrospective study with twenty-two individuals diagnosed with DRC: fourteen HD and eight CAPD, followed up in the dialysis center of antonio Pedro University Hospital (HUAP) of Fluminense Federal University (UFF), between 2015 and 2017. Fifteen healthy control (HC) subjects were included, without diagnosed CKD. Patients with HIV positive, hepatitis A, B, and C, pregnant, cancer, smokers, alcoholics and those exposed to X-rays in the last 3 months, were excluded. objectives: As oxidative stress and endothelial dysfunction may be linked to the higher prevalence of CVD in CKD patients, we measured the activities of the antioxidants enzymes: SoD and GPx and total No levels in the plasma and serum of end-stage CKD patients undergoing dialysis therapy, comparing with the HC group. Methods: Quantification of No levels was performed by fluorometric kit, while activities of SoD and GPx were determined using kinetic methods. Results: We found higher plasma SoD activity in HD (8.58 U/ml) and CAPD (10.14 U/ml), compared to C (3.73 U/ml) group, while GPx activity was decreased in HD (115.38 nmol/h/ml) and CAPD (122.76 nmol/h/ml) groups compared to HC group (275.83 nmol/h/ml). Total serum No concentration was decreased in HD (14.09 pmol/μl) and CAPD (10.26 pmol/μl), compared to non-CKD patients (49.65 pmol/μl). Conclusion: Decreased total serum No and GPx activities may lead to endothelial dysfunction and consequently a higher prevalence of CVD in CKD patients.

关键词： Hemodialysis CAPD SoD GPx No

ARHCS (Automatic Rainfall Half-Life Cluster System): A Landslides Early Warning System (LEWS) Using Cluster Analysis and Automatic Threshold Definition

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International journal of Geosciences 2024年第1期15卷 54-69页

作者： Cassiano antonio Bortolozo Luana Albertani Pampuch Marcio Roberto Magalhães De Andrade Daniel Metodiev Adenilson Roberto Carvalho Tatiana Sussel Gonçalves Mendes Tristan Pryer Harideva Marturano Egas Rodolfo Moreda Mendes Isadora Araújo Sousa Jenny Power Cemaden - National Center for Monitoring and Early Warning of Natural Disasters General Coordination of Research and Development S&#227o José dos Campos Brazil Environmental Engineering Department Institute of Science and Technology S&#227o Paulo State University S&#227o José dos Campos Brazil Department of Mathematical Sciences University of Bath Bath UK Institute for Mathematical Innovation University of Bath Bath UK

A significant portion of Landslide Early Warning Systems (LEWS) relies on the definition of operational thresholds and the monitoring of cumulative rainfall for alert issuance. These thresholds can be obtained in various ways, but most often they are based on previous landslide data. This approach introduces several limitations. For instance, there is a requirement for the location to have been previously monitored in some way to have this type of information recorded. Another significant limitation is the need for information regarding the location and timing of incidents. Despite the current ease of obtaining location information (GPS, drone images, etc.), the timing of the event remains challenging to ascertain for a considerable portion of landslide data. Concerning rainfall monitoring, there are multiple ways to consider it, for instance, examining accumulations over various intervals (1 h, 6 h, 24 h, 72 h), as well as in the calculation of effective rainfall, which represents the precipitation that actually infiltrates the soil. However, in the vast majority of cases, both the thresholds and the rain monitoring approach are defined manually and subjectively, relying on the operators’ experience. This makes the process labor-intensive and time-consuming, hindering the establishment of a truly standardized and rapidly scalable methodology on a large scale. In this work, we propose a Landslides Early Warning System (LEWS) based on the concept of rainfall half-life and the determination of thresholds using Cluster Analysis and data inversion. The system is designed to be applied in extensive monitoring networks, such as the one utilized by Cemaden, Brazil’s National Center for Monitoring and Early Warning of Natural Disasters.

关键词： Landslides Early Warning System (LEWS) Cluster Analysis Landslides Brazil

Entropy model to assess sediment resuspension probability and trap efficiency of small dams

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International journal of Sediment Research 2022年第5期37卷 675-686页

作者： Francisco Jairo Soares pereira antonio Viana da Silva Filho josé Wellington Batista Lopes josé Carlos de Araújo Department of Agricultural Engineering Federal University of Ceará Campus Do Pici Rural Federal University of Pernambuco Federal University of Piauí

In the Brazilian drylands, there are tens of thousands of small dams. Despite their paramount importance to the rural population, they are rarely monitored. Water demand increases with time while, simultaneously, siltation reduces reservoir water capacity and availability. Reservoir siltation models are, therefore, mandatory to manage the numerous ungauged small dams in these *** objective of the current study is to improve sediment trap efficiency(TE) modeling by including resuspension as a key probabilistic process. The Shannon entropy was used to estimate the sediment resuspension probability, which was merged with the Camp model and generated the RETSED entropy model. To validate the RETSED model, an experimental check dam(ECD, 300 m3), located in the Gilbu es desertification site, Brazil, was monitored hourly during one hydrological year(July 2018-July 2019). Measurements show that the annual volumetric decline of the check dam was 12%; and that the average trap efficiency equaled 86%. only 9.5% of the hourly sediment concentration outflow exceeded the average plus one standard deviation, showing that the reservoir is well mixed; a fact which highlights the relevance of the resuspension process. Three empirical models failed to mimic the experimental results: Churchill(TE = 99%), Brune(TE = 75%), and Maryland(TE = 94%). According to the RETSED entropy model, the resuspension probability during the experiment was 10%and TE = 81%, a value only 6% below the measured one. The Camp model simulated TE = 89%, only 3%higher than the measured value, but confirmed the Camp model’s tendency to overestimate TE due to a disregard of resuspension. The deterministic model showed low sensitivity concerning the hydrodynamic effects, whereas the entropy formulation proved to be more consistent with physical behavior: the resuspension probability clearly increased and trap efficiency decreased with rising reservoir discharge.

关键词： Erosion Check dam Sedimentation Ungauged basins Camp model

Activation of non-basal ＜c + a> slip in multicomponent Mg alloys

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journal of Magnesium and Alloys 2022年第2期10卷 585-597页

作者： Hyo-Sun Jang jong-Kwan Lee antonio jo?o Seco Ferreira Tapia Nack joon Kim Byeong-joo Lee Department of Materials Science and Engineering Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH) Graduate Institute of Ferrous Technology Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH)

Activating non-basal slip is a key method to improve room temperature ductility and formability of Mg alloys. However, the detailed criterion for activation of the slip in multicomponent Mg alloys, which can be utilized in commercial Mg alloys, requires further understanding. The present authors investigated the mechanism and criterion using a molecular statics simulation on dislocation behaviors in multicomponent Mg alloys. We found that if multicomponent Mg alloys have an equivalent dislocation binding intensity to associated binary Mg alloys that are optimized to minimize the critical resolved shear stress anisotropy and thus activate the slip,then the critical resolved shear stress anisotropy between slip systems of the multicomponent Mg alloys can also be minimized, resulting in activation of the slip. The activation is maximized in multicomponent Mg alloys when alloying a large amount of weak dislocation binding elements. It was confirmed through experiments that the multicomponent Mg alloys satisfying the above criterion show higher room-temperature tensile elongation and formability than other alloys.

关键词： Mg–Zn–Ca alloy Molecular statics simulation Ductility Formability

The Colider and Roosevelt olcanic rocks (sw amazonian craton): geochemistry and sm-nd isotope characteristics of a silicic large igneous province

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Acta Geochimica 2021年第6期40卷 1023-1049页

作者： Bruna Saar de Almeida Mauro César Geraldes Carlos Augusto Sommer Felipe Corrales antonio joāo Paes de Barros Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro Rio de JaneiroBrazil University of Geneva GenevaSwitzerland Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul Rio Grande do SulBrazil METAMAT(Mato Grosso State Geological Survey) CuiabaBrazil

The volcanic rocks of the Colíder and Roosevelt formations are extensively exposed in the south-central portion of the Amazonian Craton where effusive and pyroclastic rocks have been *** units,topped by chemical sediments and oceanic facies as rhyolite and andesite lavas,rhyodacite,and porphyritic dacite,with frequent intercalations of pyroclastic and epiclastic ***-rock geochemistry for 55 samples of rhyolitic to andesitic composition suggests the involvement of fertile mantle-derived components with E-MoRB to oIB *** analyzed rocks display calc-alkaline to shoshonitic affinity consistent with generation related to an active continental *** whole-rock Sm-Nd isotope data from selected felsic volcanic rocks of the Colíder and Roosevelt formations yield negative initial eNd values between–3 and–9,indicating the predominantly crustal nature of the parental magmas with early Archean to late Paleoproterozoic(ca.2.5–2.0 Ga)depleted mantle model ages.

关键词： Amazonian craton Geochemistry Sm-Nd isotopes Paleoproterozoic Volcanism

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Impaired T-cell differentiation in diabetic foot ulceration

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Cellular & Molecular Immunology 2017年第9期14卷 758-769页

作者： joão Moura joão Rodrigues Marta Gonçalves Cláudia Amaral Margarida Lima Eugénia Carvalho Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology(CNC) University of Coimbra3004-517 CoimbraPortugal Hospital de Santo antonio(HSA) Centro Hospitalar do Porto(CHP)4099-001 PortoPortugal Unidade Multidisciplinar de Investigação Biomédica(UMIB/ICBAS/UP) PortoPortugal Department of Geriatrics University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences(UAMS)Little RockAR 72202USA Arkansas Children's Hospital Research Institute(ACHRI) Little RockAR 72202USA

Foot ulceration is one of the most debilitating complications associated with diabetes,but its cause remains poorly *** studies have been undertaken to understand healing kinetics or find possible therapies to enhance ***,few studies have been directed at understanding the immunological alterations that could influence wound healing in *** this study,we analysed the T-cell receptor(TCR)repertoire diversity in TCR-αβ^(+)T *** also analysed the distribution and phenotype of T cells obtained from the peripheral blood of healthy controls and diabetic individuals with or without foot *** results showed that diabetic individuals,especially those with foot ulcers,have a significantly lower naive T-cell number and a poorer TCR-Vβrepertoire *** also showed that the reduced TCR-Vβrepertoire diversity in diabetic individuals was mainly owing to the accumulation of effector T cells,the major source of tumour necrosis factor-αproduction,which was even more pronounced in patients with acute foot ***,the expression of several inflammatory chemokine receptors was significantly reduced in diabetic *** conclusion,effector T-cell accumulation and TCR repertoire diversity reduction appear to precede the development of foot *** finding may open new immunological therapeutic possibilities and provide a new prognostic tool in diabetic wound care.

关键词： diabetes T-cells T-cell repertoire diversity wound healing