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Reagent elution combined with positive pressure filtration:A zero-discharge method for cyanide tailings remediation

Journal of Environmental Sciences 2022年第3期34卷 376-384页

作者： Qiang Liu Yating Luo jiyan shi Department of Environmental Engineering College of Environmental and Resource ScienceZhejiang UniversityHangzhou 310058China Changchun Gold Research Institute Co.Ltd Changchun 130012China

At present, the cyanide gold extraction process is still the main technology for gold production. Generated cyanide tailings containing highly toxic substances exhibit potential environmental risks. These tailings are in urgent need of purification treatment, especially after being classified as hazardous waste. In this study, the impacts of elution methods, operating time, tailings/water ratios, reagent types on the elution rates of cyanide were investigated. Furthermore, the composite elution method developed in this research was extended for engineering. Results showed that the optimum elution conditions were determined to be: stirring elution, tailings/water ratio( M/V;1:1) and operating time(10-20 min). Besides, 4 reagents(sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate, cyclodextrin, sodium silicate and calcium hydroxide) were selected from four categories of 21 reagents for further composite elution. The cyanide elution rate was the highest(90.7% ±0.1%) while the molar ratio of these 4 reagents was 5:2:2:1. Moreover, the combination of reagent elution and positive pressure filtration improved the elution efficiency of cyanide(92.6% ±0.8%). And the cyanide content in the toxic leaching solution was lower than the standard value(5.0 mg/L). Furthermore, the composite elution method developed in this study was also extended for engineering. The concentration of cyanide in the leachate was < 5.0 mg/L, and was stable during 189 days of detection. Notably, the effluent can be reused directly, or reused after further treatment. The zero discharge of effluents and solid wastes was realized in the processes. The above results provided supports for the engineering treatment of cyanide tailings.

关键词： Cyanide tailings Decyanation treatment Remediation Engineering

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Overestimate of remediation efficiency due to residual sodium persulfate in PAHs contaminated soil and a solution

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2022年第3期34卷 242-250页

作者： Liping He Jianhao Tong Yuanqiang Yang Jianxun Wu Linqian Li Zhonghua Wei Wei Long Jingli Pang jiyan shi Yunnan Research Academy of Eco-environmental Sciences Kunming 650034China Department of Environmental Engineering College of Environmental and Resource SciencesZhejiang UniversityHangzhou 310058China Beijing Construction Engineering Group Environmental Remediation Co.Ltd. Beijing 100015China

Oxidation remediation is a commonly used technology for PAHs contaminated soil presently,but the overestimate of efficiency due to ongoing remediation by residual oxidants during extraction and testing has not been paid enough attention.In this study,persulfate was activated by Fe(Ⅱ)to investigate the effects of residual oxidants on PAHs removal during detection process and the elimination effects of adding Na_(2)SO_(3) and extending sampling time on residual oxidants.Results verified that the residual oxidants removed PAHs in extraction process,making the results lower than the actual values:the detection recovery rate η of ΣPAHs and 3-6 ring PAHs ranged from 24.3%(25%Na_(2)S_(2)O_(8)treatment)to 87.4%(5%Na_(2)S_(2)O_(8)+4/4Fe^(2+) treatment),20.1%-99.0%,28.9%-87.9%,20.8%-89.4%,and 1.8.6%-76.9%,respectively.After adding Na_(2)SO_(3),the accuracy of detection results increased significantly:the η of ΣPAHs and 3-6 ring PAHs increased to 64.1%-96.5%,58.8%-95.5%,73.8%-114.4%,60.6%-95.6%,and 45.4%-77.1%,respectively.After 49 days of adding oxidants,residual oxidants had no considerable effect on the detection of PAHs,indicating it was appropriate to start soil remediation verification sampling49 days after the remediation was completed.The observed results will help scientific evaluation of the remediation effects of chemical oxidation on or-ganic contaminated soil.

关键词： Persulfate activation Soil remediation Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons Residual oxidant removal

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Colonization of Penicillium oxalicum SL2 in Pb-contaminated paddy soil and its immobilization effect on soil Pb

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2022年第10期34卷 53-62页

作者： Yu Gao Xiaohan Jiang Hanxin Wu Jianhao Tong Xinyue Ren Jiayu Ren Qianhua Wu Jien Ye Chunhui Li jiyan shi Department of Environmental Engineering College of Environmental and Resource ScienceZhejiang UniversityHangzhou 310058China MOE Key Laboratory of Environmental Remediation and Ecological Health College of Environmental and Resource ScienceZhejiang UniversityHangzhou 310058China

Penicillium oxalicum SL2(SL2) is a previously screened Pb-tolerant fungus that can promote crops growth. The relationship between SL2 colonization and Pb immobilization was studied to provide a theoretical basis for microbial remediation of Pb-contaminated paddy soil.In this study, green fluorescent protein(GFP) labeled SL2 was inoculated into different Pbcontaminated paddy soils(S1-S6). The Pb extracted from the soil by HNO, EDTA and CaClwere used to characterize the available Pb. The results showed that the colonization of SL2was divided into lag phase(0-7 days), growth phase(7-30 days), and mortality phase(30-90days). SL2 colonized well in sandy soils rich in clay and total phosphorus with initial p H of 4.5-7.0. In addition, SL2 increased soil p H and decreased soil Eh, which was beneficial to immobilize Pb. In different soils, the highest percentages of CaCl-Pb, EDTA-Pb, and HNO3-Pb immobilized by SL2 were 34.34%-40.53%, 17.05%-20.11%, and 7.39%-15.62%, respectively.Pearson correlation analysis showed that the percentages of CaCl-Pb and EDTA-Pb immobilized by SL2 were significantly positively correlated with the number of SL2 during the growth phase. SL2 mainly immobilized Pb in the growth phase and a higher peak number of SL2 was beneficial to the immobilization of Pb.

关键词： Penicillium oxalicum SL2 Colonization Lead Availability Green fluorescent protein

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基于昼夜节律探讨和法治疗恶性肿瘤

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世界中医药 2024年第12期19卷 1792-1797,1801页

作者：王晶惠许云谷珊珊史纪言北京中医药大学研究生院北京100029 中国中医科学院西苑医院肿瘤科北京100091

“和法”是中医八法之一,应用范围广泛。恶性肿瘤具有一定节律性,应用昼夜节律抗肿瘤取得了良好的效果,但目前尚缺乏针对昼夜节律紊乱有效的干预措施。通过和寒热、和肝脾、和营卫3个方面对“和法”在调节昼夜节律紊乱层面进行探究,并... 详细信息

“和法”是中医八法之一,应用范围广泛。恶性肿瘤具有一定节律性,应用昼夜节律抗肿瘤取得了良好的效果,但目前尚缺乏针对昼夜节律紊乱有效的干预措施。通过和寒热、和肝脾、和营卫3个方面对“和法”在调节昼夜节律紊乱层面进行探究,并明确和法在恶性肿瘤治疗中的应用,可为肿瘤时间疗法的研究提供参考。

关键词：昼夜节律恶性肿瘤和法中医药辨证论治和寒热和肝脾和营卫

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Halophyte Vegetation Influences Soil Microbial Community of Coastal Salt Marsh

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Journal of Ocean University of China 2022年第6期21卷 1549-1556页

作者： GU Chen shi jiyan RUI Jianliang YU Yanming HUANG Weibin LU Zhinai CHEN Yao CHEN Xiaojun DONG Shudi HU Zhijun YE Chenghua Power China Huadong Engineering Corporation Limited Hangzhou 311122China MOE Key Laboratory of Environmental Remediation and Ecosystem Health and Institute of Soil and Water Resources and Environmental ScienceCollege of Environmental and Resource SciencesZhejiang UniversityHangzhou 310058China

Coastal wetlands are the most productive ecosystems worldwide and can provide important ecosystem services,yet the characteristics of microbial community within these systems remain poorly understood.Microbial community of salt marsh vegetation and the associated soil physio-chemical properties were investigated in this study.Three typical Suaeda australis,Phragmites australis,Spartina alterniflora wetlands,and non-vegetated bare mudflats in the Zhoushan Islands were studied to advance the understanding of the characteristics of soil bacterial communities in coastal wetlands.Results showed that the bare mudflats exhibited high pH value and soil moisture content compared with the vegetated samples.In different vegetation types,the organic matter content,total nitrogen,and total potassium content decreased in the order:S.alterniflora wetland>P.australis wetland>S.australis wetland,and there was no obvious difference in total phosphorous content.The halophytes could decrease soil salinity compared with bare mudflats.Proteobacteria,Nitrospinae,Bacteroidetes,Acidobacteria,and Nitrospirae were the predominant level across all samples.Functional prediction showed that SPA-covered soil might play vital roles in sulphur cycling,while SUA and PHR covered soils were involved in nitrogen cycling.This study could provide the first insight into the microbial community of this study area and contribute to a better understanding of vegetation microbiota and bioremediation in coastal wetland ecosystem.

关键词： illumina sequencing salt marsh vegetation type soil bacterial community function prediction

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纳米羟基磷灰石对土壤重金属吸附与解吸特性的影响

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浙江大学学报（理学版） 2015年第6期42卷 732-738页

作者：冯佳蓓施积炎浙江大学环境与资源学院浙江杭州310058

采用纳米羟基磷灰石(nano-HAP)对安吉(AS)和华家池(HS)的土壤进行重金属吸附-解吸实验.结果表明,土壤对重金属的吸附均可用Langmuir方程描述,重金属在土壤中的亲和力顺序:Pb(Ⅱ)>Cu(Ⅱ)>Cd(Ⅱ)>Zn(Ⅱ).AS的pH值、土壤有机质(OM)含量和... 详细信息

采用纳米羟基磷灰石(nano-HAP)对安吉(AS)和华家池(HS)的土壤进行重金属吸附-解吸实验.结果表明,土壤对重金属的吸附均可用Langmuir方程描述,重金属在土壤中的亲和力顺序:Pb(Ⅱ)>Cu(Ⅱ)>Cd(Ⅱ)>Zn(Ⅱ).AS的pH值、土壤有机质(OM)含量和阳离子交换量(CEC)均高于HS,因此具有更强的吸附性能.nanoHAP的施加显著增加了土壤对重金属的吸附量和吸附亲和力,nano-HAP添加量为3%时,AS和HS的KCu值分别从0.979 1和0.284 9提高至1.389 7和1.131 6,KPb值分别从0.566 8和0.234 3增加到1.963 4和3.442 7,KCd值分别从0.420 8和0.096 8增加至1.724 3和0.426 9,KZn值分别从0.313 4和0.015 1增加0.508 7和0.099 7.nano-HAP对pH值较低和OM、CEC含量较低的土壤具有更显著的吸附改良作用.同时,nano-HAP的施加能有效降低土壤重金属的解吸百分数,表明nano-HAP可以显著削弱重金属的移动性,增加其在重金属污染土壤中的化学稳定性.

关键词：纳米羟基磷灰石重金属吸附解吸土壤

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氧化铜纳米颗粒(CuO NPs)对土壤环境因子与砷生物有效性的影响

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环境科学学报 2021年第3期41卷 1074-1081页

作者：吴倩桦石景萱施积炎浙江大学环境与资源学院杭州310058

氧化铜纳米颗粒(CuO NPs)可以通过农药和肥料施用、意外泄露或污水灌溉进入As污染农田土壤,从而对土壤环境因子和As生物有效性产生影响.本试验选取两种不同类型土壤(安徽宿松黄棕壤和黑龙江海伦黑土)进行人工As污染,添加不同浓度的CuO N... 详细信息

氧化铜纳米颗粒(CuO NPs)可以通过农药和肥料施用、意外泄露或污水灌溉进入As污染农田土壤,从而对土壤环境因子和As生物有效性产生影响.本试验选取两种不同类型土壤(安徽宿松黄棕壤和黑龙江海伦黑土)进行人工As污染,添加不同浓度的CuO NPs,探究90 d淹水-落干过程中CuO NPs对As污染农田环境因子和As生物有效态的影响.结果表明,CuO NPs进入土壤后12 h内快速溶解产生Cu^(2+),且在黄棕壤中的溶解速度较黑土迅速.CuO NPs可在短时间内降低土壤pH,提高土壤氧化还原电位(E_(h)),降低土壤电导率(EC),但随着培养时间增加土壤EC逐渐提高.一定时间内CuO NPs在两种类型土壤中可降低51.0%~82.5%土壤浸出液中的As和15.7%~66.5%的As生物有效性,减少淹水时Fe(II)的含量.但在土壤落干时期产生一定的"纳米效应"从而促进了Fe(II)的产生.研究表明,CuO NPs进入As污染农田改变了土壤环境因子,一定时间内降低了土壤As生物有效性.

关键词：氧化铜纳米颗粒土壤环境因子砷生物有效性

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西湖沉积物中解磷菌的分离纯化及其解磷能力

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应用生态学报 2006年第11期17卷 2112-2116页

作者：李文红施积炎浙江大学环境工程系杭州310029

采用有机磷固体培养基和无机磷固体培养基从沉积物中分离出具有解磷能力的菌株,通过平板划线分离纯化后得到6株磷细菌,其中2株为有机P细菌(编号为OP1、OP2),4株为无机磷细菌(编号分别为NOP1、NOP2、NOP3、NOP4).测定发现,OP1、OP2和NOP... 详细信息

采用有机磷固体培养基和无机磷固体培养基从沉积物中分离出具有解磷能力的菌株,通过平板划线分离纯化后得到6株磷细菌,其中2株为有机P细菌(编号为OP1、OP2),4株为无机磷细菌(编号分别为NOP1、NOP2、NOP3、NOP4).测定发现,OP1、OP2和NOP3溶磷能力较强,NOP4解磷能力较微弱,而NOP1及NOP2在分离纯化后失去了解磷能力;菌株OP1及OP2具有较强的分解有机磷卵磷脂的能力,接种OP1、OP2菌株的培养液中水溶性磷含量分别比对照增加了38·53和64·53倍;接种NOP3菌株的培养液中磷含量比对照增加了54·06倍.

关键词：解磷菌磷沉积物确定

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外源铅在4种土壤中的老化特征及对土壤化学性质的影响

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环境科学学报 2019年第3期39卷 899-907页

作者：蔡琼瑶徐俏周振牟晓宇施积炎浙江大学环境与资源学院杭州310058

采用化学提取和梯度薄膜扩散技术(DGT)探究外源铅(Pb)在不同类型土壤中老化的形态变化规律,考察了外源Pb添加对土壤pH、阳离子交换量(CEC)和可溶性有机质(DOC)等的影响,初步建立了土壤Pb生物有效性的预测模型.结果表明:EDTA提取态Pb含... 详细信息

采用化学提取和梯度薄膜扩散技术(DGT)探究外源铅(Pb)在不同类型土壤中老化的形态变化规律,考察了外源Pb添加对土壤pH、阳离子交换量(CEC)和可溶性有机质(DOC)等的影响,初步建立了土壤Pb生物有效性的预测模型.结果表明:EDTA提取态Pb含量随老化时间的延长而降低;准二级动力学方程可较好地表达有效态Pb在老化过程中的动力学特征,方程的参数反映了Pb处理浓度的增加延长了老化达平衡的时间,所有供试土壤的EDTA提取态Pb含量在3个月后基本达到老化平衡;不同提取态Pb含量和变化不同,CaCl_2提取态Pb含量最少、变化最大,HNO_3提取态Pb含量变化最小;外源Pb添加会降低土壤pH,但对CEC和DOC无明显影响;随着老化时间的延长,土壤pH升高,CEC无明显变化,DOC显著降低;土壤水溶态Pb和DOC可用来预测DGT测定的有效态Pb含量,预测效果较好.

关键词：铅老化形态理化性质回归模型

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生产集中与均衡生产是东北林区贮木场发展的必由之路

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森林工程 1995年第3期11卷 1-6,63页

作者：史济彦东北林业大学

本文在进一步论述生产集中和均衡生产这两个设计原则以后,以内蒙古根河和阿里河两个贮木场的改造为实例,论证了在我国东北内蒙古林区实施这两个原则的可行性、有效性和必要性。它能够极大地压缩场在面积,为发展机械化和自动化打下良好基... 详细信息

本文在进一步论述生产集中和均衡生产这两个设计原则以后,以内蒙古根河和阿里河两个贮木场的改造为实例,论证了在我国东北内蒙古林区实施这两个原则的可行性、有效性和必要性。它能够极大地压缩场在面积,为发展机械化和自动化打下良好基础,大幅度提高劳动生产率,降低生产成本和增加立米产值。在此基础上,本文对根河与阿里河两个贮木场在工艺流程和工艺布局方面作了评述,认为根河贮木场的改造规划设计更体现了生产集中和均衡生产的原则,取得了更大的效益。

关键词：林区贮木场生产集中均衡生产规划设计

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