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Emergence of taurine as a therapeutic agent for neurological disorders

Neural Regeneration Research 2024年第1期19卷 62-68页

作者： Ashok Jangra Priyanka Gola jiten singh Pooja Gond Swarnabha Ghosh Mahesh Rachamalla Abhijit dey danish Iqbal Mehnaz Kamal Punya Sachdeva Saurabh Kumar Jha Shreesh Ojha dinesh Kumar Niraj Kumar Jha Hitesh Chopra Shing Cheng Tan department of Pharmaceutical Sciences Central University of HaryanaMahendergarhHaryanaIndia department of Biology University of SaskatchewanSaskatoonSKCanada department of Life Sciences Presidency UniversityKolkataWest BengalIndia department of Health Information Management College of Applied Medical SciencesBuraydah Private CollegesBuraydahSaudi Arabia department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry College of PharmacyPrince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz UniversityAl-KharjSaudi Arabia GloNeuro Vishwakarma RoadNoidaIndia department of Biotechnology School of Engineering&Technology(SET)Sharda UniversityGreater NoidaUttar PradeshIndia department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics College of Medicine and Health SciencesUnited Arab Emirates UniversityAl AinUnited Arab Emirates School of Bioengineering&Biosciences Lovely Professional UniversityPhagwaraIndia department of Biotechnology School of Applied&Life Sciences(SALS)Uttaranchal UniversityDehradunIndia Chitkara College of Pharmacy Chitkara UniversityPunjabIndia UKM Medical Molecular Biology Institute Universiti Kebangsaan MalaysiaKuala LumpurMalaysia

Taurine is a sulfur-containing,semi-essential amino acid that occurs naturally in the *** alternates between inflammation and oxidative stress-mediated injury in various disease *** part of its limiting functions,taurine also modulates endoplasmic reticulum stress,Ca^(2+)homeostasis,and neuronal activity at the molecular *** effectively protects against a number of neurological disorders,including stro ke,epilepsy,cerebral ischemia,memory dysfunction,and spinal cord *** various therapies are available,effective management of these disorders remains a global *** 30 million people are affected *** design of taurine fo rmation co uld lead to potential drugs/supplements for the health maintenance and treatment of central nervous system *** general neuroprotective effects of taurine and the various possible underlying mechanisms are discussed in this *** article is a good resource for understanding the general effects of taurine on various *** the strong evidence for the neuropharmacological efficacy of taurine in various experimental paradigms,it is concluded that this molecule should be considered and further investigated as a potential candidate for neurotherapeutics,with emphasis on mechanism and clinical studies to determine efficacy.

关键词： antioxidant epilepsy γ-amino butyric acid neurodegenerative disorders neuroprotection oxidative stress spinal cord injury taurine

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Light correcting light with nonlinear optics

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Advanced Photonics 2024年第2期6卷 41-49页

作者： Sachleen singh Bereneice Sephton Wagner Tavares Buono Vincenzo d'Ambrosio Thomas Konrad Andrew Forbes University of the Witwatersrand School of Physics Università degli studi di Napoli “Federico Ⅱ” Dipartimento di Fisica “E.Pancini” University of Kwa Zulu-Natal School of Chemistry and Physics

Structured light, where complex optical fields are tailored in all their degrees of freedom, has become highly topical of late, advanced by a sophisticated toolkit comprising both linear and nonlinear *** undesired structure from light is far less developed, leveraging mostly on inverting the distortion,e.g., with adaptive optics or the inverse transmission matrix of a complex channel, both requiring that the distortion be fully characterized through appropriate measurement. We show that distortions in spatially structured light can be corrected through difference-frequency generation in a nonlinear crystal without any need for the distortion to be known. We demonstrate the versatility of our approach using a wide range of aberrations and structured light modes, including higher-order orbital angular momentum(OAM) beams,showing excellent recovery of the original undistorted field. To highlight the efficacy of this process, we deploy the system in a prepare-and-measure communications link with OAM, showing minimal cross talk even when the transmission channel is highly aberrated, and outline how the approach could be extended to alternative experimental modalities and nonlinear processes. Our demonstration of light-correcting light without the need for measurement opens an approach to measurement-free error correction for classical and quantum structured light, with direct applications in imaging, sensing, and communication.

关键词： phase conjugation aberration correction orbital angular momentum nonlinear optics

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Thermodynamic properties and phase diagram of quark matter within non-extensive Polyakov chiral SU(3)quark mean field model

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Chinese Physics C 2024年第5期48卷 60-71页

作者： dhananjay singh Arvind Kumar department of Physics Dr.B R Ambedkar National Institute of Technology JalandharJalandhar–144008PunjabIndia

In the present study,we applied Tsallis non-extensive statistics to investigate the thermodynamic properties and phase diagram of quark matter in the Polyakov chiral SU(3)quark mean field *** this model,the properties of the quark matter were modified through the scalar fieldsσ,ζ,δ,χ,vector fieldsω,ρ,ϕ,and Polyakov fieldsΦandΦ¯at finite temperature and chemical ***-extensive effects were introduced through a dimensionless parameter q,and the results were compared to those of the extensive case(q→1).In the non-extensive case,the exponential in the Fermi-dirac(Fd)function was modified to a q-exponential *** influence of the q parameter on the thermodynamic properties,pressure,energy,and entropy density,as well as trace anomaly,was *** speed of sound and specific heat with non-extensive effects were also ***,the effect of non-extensivity on the deconfinement phase transition as well as the chiral phase transition of u,d,and s quarks was *** found that the critical end point(CEP),which defines the point in the(T−μ)phase diagram where the order of the phase transition changes,shifts to a lower value of temperature,TCEP,and a higher value of chemical potential,μCEP,as the non-extensivity is increased,that is,q>1.

关键词： quark matter quark mean field model QCd phase diagram non-extensive statistics

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Investigating the Evolution of Amati Parameters with Redshift

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Research in Astronomy and Astrophysics 2024年第1期24卷 188-200页

作者： Meghendra singh darshan singh Kanhaiya Lal Pandey dinkar Verma Shashikant Gupta delhi Metro Rail Corporation Limited New Delhi 110001India Gd Goenka University Gurugram 122103India department of Physics Mata Raj Kaur Institute of Engineering and TechnologyRewari 123401India department of Physics School of Advanced SciencesVellore Institute of TechnologyVellore 632014India

Gamma-ray bursts(GRBs) are among the brightest objects in the Universe and, hence, can be observed up to a very high redshift. Properly calibrated empirical correlations between intensity and spectral correlations of GRBs can be used to estimate the cosmological parameters. However, the possibility of the evolution of GRBs with redshift is a long-standing puzzle. In this work, we used 162 long-duration GRBs to determine whether GRBs below and above a certain redshift have different properties. The GRBs are split into two groups, and we fit the Amati relation for each group separately. Our findings demonstrate that estimations of the Amati parameters for the two groups are substantially dissimilar. We perform simulations to investigate whether the selection effects could cause the difference. Our analysis shows that the differences may be either intrinsic or due to systematic errors in the data, and the selection effects are not their true origin. However, in-depth analysis with a new data set comprised of 119 long GRBs shows that intrinsic scatter may partly be responsible for such effects.

关键词： Cosmology gamma rays:general (cosmology:)large-scale structure of universe galaxies:high-redshift

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Constructing a biofunctionalized 3d-printed gelatin/sodium alginate/chitosan tri-polymer complex scaffold with improvised biological andmechanical properties for bone-tissue engineering

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Bio-design and Manufacturing 2024年第1期7卷 57-73页

作者： Amit Kumar singh Krishna Pramanik Amit Biswas Centre of Excellence in Tissue Engineering Department of Biotechnology and Medical EngineeringNational Institute of TechnologyRourkela 769008India

Sodium alginate(SA)/chitosan(CH)polyelectrolyte scaffold is a suitable substrate for tissue-engineering *** present study deals with further improvement in the tensile strength and biological properties of this type of scaffold to make it a potential template for bone-tissue *** experimented with adding 0%–15%(volume fraction)gelatin(GE),a protein-based biopolymer known to promote cell adhesion,proliferation,and *** resulting tri-polymer complex was used as bioink to fabricate SA/CH/GEmatrices by three-dimensional(3d)*** studies using scanning electron microscopy revealed the microfibrous porous architecture of all the structures,which had a pore size range of 383–419μm.X-ray diffraction and Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy analyses revealed the amorphous nature of the scaffold and the strong electrostatic interactions among the functional groups of the polymers,thereby forming polyelectrolyte complexes which were found to improve mechanical properties and structural *** scaffolds exhibited a desirable degradation rate,controlled swelling,and hydrophilic characteristics which are favorable for bone-tissue *** tensile strength improved from(386±15)to(693±15)kPa due to the increased stiffness of SA/CH scaffolds upon addition of *** enhanced protein adsorption and in vitro bioactivity(forming an apatite layer)confirmed the ability of the SA/CH/GE scaffold to offer higher cellular adhesion and a bone-like environment to cells during the process of tissue *** vitro biological evaluation including the MTT assay,confocal microscopy analysis,and alizarin red S assay showed a significant increase in cell attachment,cell viability,and cell proliferation,which further improved biomineralization over the scaffold *** addition,SA/CH containing 15%gelatin designated as SA/CH/GE15 showed superior performance to the other fabricated 3d structures,demonstrating its pote

关键词： Scaffold Biomaterial Sodium alginate Chitosan Gelatin 3d printing Tissue engineering

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Effect of random movement and cooperative hunting in the prey-predator system:A dynamical approach

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International Journal of Biomathematics 2024年第3期17卷 211-240页

作者： Shivam Teekam singh Mukesh Kumar department of Mathematics Graphic Era deemed to be University 566/6 Bell RoadSociety AreaClenent Town DehradunUttarakhand 248002India department of Computer Science and Engineering Graphic Era deemed to be University 566/6 Bell RoadSociety AreaClement Town DehradunUttarakhand 248002India

Self-diffusion prerequisite is obtained as the spreading approach of biological *** hunting is a common behavior in predator populations that promotes predation and the coexistence of the prey-predator *** the other side,the Allee effect among prey may cause the system to become *** this paper,a difusive prey predator system with cooperative hunting and the weak Allee effect in prey populations is *** linear stability and Hopf-bifurcation analysis had been used to examine the system's *** the spatial stability of the system,the conditions for Turing instability have been *** multiple-scale analysis has been used to derive the amplitude equations of the *** stability analysis of these amplitude equations leads to the formation of Turing ***,numerical simulations are used to analyze spatial patterns forming in 1-d and *** studies indicate that the model can generate a complex pattern structure and that self-diffusion has a drastic impacton species distribution.

关键词： Prey predator system hunting cooperation Allee effect Hopf-bifurcation diffusive instability amplitudeequation

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Graphene-calcium carbonate coating to improve the degradation resistance and mechanical integrity of a biodegradable implant

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Journal of Magnesium and Alloys 2024年第1期12卷 394-404页

作者： Lokesh Choudhary Parama Chakraborty Banerjee R.K.singh Raman derrek E.Lobo Christopher d.Easton Mainak Majumder Frank Witte Jörg F.Löffler department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering Monash UniversityClayton CampusMelbourneVIC 3800Australia department of Chemical and Biological Engineering Monash UniversityClayton CampusMelbourneVIC 3800Australia Nanoscale Science and Engineering Laboratory(NSEL) Bldg 37Monash UniversityClayton CampusMelbourneVIC 3800Australia CSIRO Materials Science and Engineering Bayview AvenueClaytonVIC 3168Australia Julius Wolff Institute and Berlin Brandenburg Center for Regenerative Therapies Charité–Universitätsmedizin BerlinAugustenburger Platz 113353 BerlinGermany Laboratory of Metal Physics and Technology Department of MaterialsETH Zurich8093 ZurichSwitzerland

Biodegradable implants are critical for regenerative orthopaedic procedures,but they may suffer from too fast corrosion in human-body *** necessitates the synthesis of a suitable coating that may improve the corrosion resistance of these implants without compromising their mechanical *** this study,an AZ91 magnesium alloy,as a representative for a biodegradable Mg implant material,was modified with a thin reduced graphene oxide(RGO)-calcium carbonate(CaCO_(3))composite *** analytical and in-vitro electrochemical characterization reveals that this coating significantly improves the corrosion resistance and mechanical integrity,and thus has the potential to greatly extend the related application field.

关键词： Graphene coating Biodegradable implant Hydroxyapatite Corrosion Magnesium alloy

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Acoustical properties of a 3d printed honeycomb structure filled with nanofillers:Experimental analysis and optimization for emerging applications

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defence Technology（防务技术） 2024年第5期35卷 248-258页

作者： Jeyanthi Subramanian Vinoth kumar Selvaraj Rohan singh Ilangovan S Naresh Kakur Ruban Whenish School of Mechanical Engineering Vellore Institute of TechnologyChennai600127Tamil NaduIndia department of Mechanical Engineering SRM Institute of Science and TechnologyRamapuramChennai600089India department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science University of Southern CaliforniaLos Angeles90089USA Advanced Materials Research Centre Technology Innovation InstituteAbu Dhabi9639UAE Center for Biomaterials Cellular and Molecular TheranosticsVellore Institute of TechnologyVellore632014Tamil NaduIndia

The novelty of this research lies in the successful fabrication of a 3d-printed honeycomb structure filled with nanofillers for acoustic properties,utilizing an impedance tube setup in accordance with ASTM standard E *** Creality Ender-3,a 3d printer,was used for printing the honeycomb structures,and polylactic acid(PLA)material was employed for their *** organic,inorganic,and polymeric compounds within the composites were identified using fourier transformation infrared(FTIR)*** structure and homogeneity of the samples were examined using a field emission scanning electron microscope(FESEM).To determine the sound absorption coefficient of the 3d printed honeycomb structure,numerous samples were systematically developed using central composite design(CCd)and analysed using response surface methodology(RSM).The RSM mathematical model was established to predict the optimum values of each factor and noise reduction coefficient(NRC).The optimum values for an NRC of 0.377 were found to be 1.116 wt% carbon black,1.025 wt% aluminium powder,and 3.151 mm distance between parallel ***,the results demonstrate that a 3dprinted honeycomb structure filled with nanofillers is an excellent material that can be utilized in various fields,including defence and aviation,where lightweight and acoustic properties are of great importance.

关键词： 3d printing Honeycomb structure Acoustics Field emission scanning electron microscope Response surface methodology

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Influence of edaphic factors on distribution and condition of Himalayan silver birch(Betula utilis ***)communities in the northwestern Indian Himalayas

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Journal of Mountain Science 2024年第2期21卷 590-606页

作者： Khashti dASILA Renu RAWAL Tanay BARMAN Sher singh SAMANT Anita PANdEY Veena PANdE G.B.Pant National Institute of Himalayan Environment Almora 263643India Centre of Excellence on Sustainable Land Management Indian Council of Forestry Research and EducationDehradun 248006India Uttarakhand State Council for Science&Technology Dehradun 248015India department of Biotechnology Graphic Era(Deemed to be University)Dehradun 248002India department of Biotechnology Kumaun UniversityNainital 263136India

The basic concept of phytosociology is crucial for the assessment of species composition and dynamic ecological succession of forests supporting ecological services,functions,disturbance,and resilience that lead to the development of integrated areas such as ecological niche modeling and contribute to identifying the valuable bio-indicators which can be used in framing conservation and management *** is one of the most dominant tree species of treeline ecotone in the Himalayan *** species is also considered as indicator species for monitoring the past and recent climate change *** current study was carried out in the natural populations of *** from the sub-alpine zone of North-western Indian *** birch dominated forest harbors a total of 305 plant species comprising Angiosperms(51 families,160 genera and 277 species),Gymnosperms(03 families,05 genera and 07 species)and Pteridophytes(07 families,11 genera and 21 species)with Asteraceae,Ranunculaceae and Rosaceae as dominant *** forests are found dominant in shady moist habitat and North West *** characteristics,anthropogenic and developmental activities affect the population structure of *** and associated ***,the species has fair regeneration status in the study *** acidic nature of soil pH and spatial variation in edaphic characteristics may be due to geographical differences,rooting patterns and litter accumulation of below and above-ground *** estimation of a representative population of *** from each site showed that TAGBd,TCd and TBd were found maximum in ST3(Hamta Pass II site).The CCA analysis determined that environmental variables such as altitude,organic matter,available phosphorous,organic carbon,available nitrogen,and electrical conductivity played a significant role in determining tree species composition and distribution in *** dominated forests.

关键词： Species composition Indicator species Biomass North-western Indian Himalaya Regeneration Environmental variables

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Exploring deep Learning Methods for Computer Vision Applications across Multiple Sectors:Challenges and Future Trends

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Computer Modeling in Engineering & Sciences 2024年第4期139卷 103-141页

作者： Narayanan Ganesh Rajendran Shankar Miroslav Mahdal Janakiraman SenthilMurugan Jasgurpreet singh Chohan Kanak Kalita School of Computer Science and Engineering Vellore Institute of TechnologyChennai600127India department of Computer Science and Engineering Koneru Lakshmaiah Education FoundationVaddeswaram522502India department of Control Systems and Instrumentation Faculty of Mechanical EngineeringVSB-Technical University of OstravaOstrava70800Czech Republic department of Computer Science and Engineering Vel Tech High Tech Dr.Rangarajan Dr.Sakunthala Engineering CollegeChennai600062India department of Mechanical Engineering and University Centre for Research&development Chandigarh UniversityMohali140413India department of Mechanical Engineering Vel Tech Rangarajan Dr.Sagunthala R&D Institute of Science and TechnologyAvadi600062India

Computer vision(CV)was developed for computers and other systems to act or make recommendations based on visual inputs,such as digital photos,movies,and other *** learning(dL)methods are more successful than other traditional machine learning(ML)methods *** techniques can produce state-of-the-art results for difficult CV problems like picture categorization,object detection,and face *** this review,a structured discussion on the history,methods,and applications of dL methods to CV problems is *** sector-wise presentation of applications in this papermay be particularly useful for researchers in niche fields who have limited or introductory knowledge of dL methods and *** review will provide readers with context and examples of how these techniques can be applied to specific areas.A curated list of popular datasets and a brief description of them are also included for the benefit of readers.

关键词： Neural network machine vision classification object detection deep learning

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