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Technological Properties of Yeast Produced Surface Active Compounds in Connection with Their Application in Clean-Up Technologies

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Journal of Agricultural Science and Technology(A) 2014年第1期4卷 49-59页

作者： Kristina Lhotska Marek Sir jiri mikes Zuzana Honzajkova Miroslav Minarik EPS Biotechnologie Ltd. VPastouskach 205 Kunovice 686 04 Czech Republic Institute of Chemical Technology Prague Technick6 5 Praha 160 00 Czech Republic

Biologically produced surfactants （SACs） can mobilize and solubilize non-aqueous phase liquids （NAPL） adsorbed onto soil constituents. The interest in microbial surfactants has increased during recent years due to their lower toxicity, higher biodegradability, selectivity and specific activity under extreme conditions than synthetic SACs. Main output of the project represents preparation of this yeast biosurfactant intended for washing of matrices contaminated by NAPL. The influence of cultivation media composition on biosurfactant production was studied and basic properties （critical micelle concentration （CMC）, minimum surface tension） of isolated biosurfactants were compared with properties of synthetic surfactant with surface tension measurement. The interracial tension of the systems containing aqueous solutions of different concentrations and non-polar substances was measured with petroleum compounds （kerosene Jet A-l）, aromatic and aliphatic hydrocarbons （represented by toluene and hexane）. The solution of biosurfactant Yarrowia lipolytica （YAR） in the concentration range of 0-500 mg/L reduced interracial tension by 80% in all representative systems with model contaminants; biosurfactant Candida bombicola （CAN） was less efficient. Solubilization properties were proved with toluene and hexachlorocyclohexane （HCH） isomers alpha and gamma, and effective concentration of biosurfactants was determined as 100 mg/L for toluene and HCH. SACs produced by lipophilic yeast with non-toxic and non-pathogenic status （Yarrowia lipolytica, Candida sp., etc.） seem to be very promising. The results obtained will be used for the application of biosurfactants in the clean-up technologies as agents for the mobilization of non-polar contaminants as well as for stimulation of bioremediation processes.

关键词： Biological surfactant lipophilic yeast carbon source soil washing.

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Applicability limits of the DAX test in plastic bonded explosives

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Defence Technology（防务技术） 2024年第6期36卷 64-70页

作者： Martin Künzel Jindrich Kucera jiri Pachman OZM Research Bliznovice 32Hrochuv Tynec 53862Czech Republic Institute of Energetic Materials Faculty of Chemical TechnologyUniversity of PardubiceStudentska 95Pardubice 53210Czech Republic

The Disc Acceleration e Xperiment(DAX)is one of the most recent experimental methods of performance characterization of new energetic materials.A cylindrical explosive charge accelerates a thin metallic disc and its velocity is measured continuously using photonic Doppler *** detonation velocity is measured *** DAX test can be used to obtain the Chapman-Jouguet(CJ)detonation pressure and to describe detonation products expansion using reduced amount of explosive.A series of DAX tests was performed at various charge diameters and disc thicknesses with Semtex 1 A plastic bonded explosive and sensitized *** DAX-like evaluation was also applied to previously measured data of Semtex 1A and A-IX-1 *** optimum disc thickness is determined by the disc to explosive mass ratio of *** repeatability of the Semtex 1 A detonation pressure results is about four times lower compared to the pressed and liquid explosives.

关键词： Flyer plate Detonation pressure Photonic Doppler velocimetry Semtex

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Study of relationship between motion of mechanisms in gas operated weapon and its shock absorber

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Defence Technology（防务技术） 2024年第3期33卷 42-54页

作者： jiri Balla Roman Vitek Dung Nguyen Van Zbynek Krist Hung Nguyen Van Department of Weapons and Ammunition University of Defence BrnoCzech Republic Department of Weapons Le Quy Don Technical UniversityHanoiViet Nam Department of Design and Special Engineering Alexander Dubcek University of TrencinSlovakia

The article deals with the motion of the breech block carrier and the weapon casing of an automatic weapon mounted on a flexible carriage and the base of the *** works,which did not consider the dynamic properties of the base of the weapon,did not allow to reconcile the calculated and experimental results of the weapon casing displacement when shooting from firing *** the analysis of the motion of individual parts,the methods of mathematical modelling and firing experiments using a high-speed camera were *** show the best accord with experiment when modelling the system with 4 degrees of *** oscillation of the system regarding the movement of the breech block carrier and the weapon casing was investigated under changed conditions of rate of fire,the use of a muzzle brake and different types of shock *** velocities and displacements of the weapon casing and the breech block carrier at different values of the impulse of the gases to the breech block carrier were determined.

关键词： Shock absorber Gas-operated weapon Force-impulse diagram Recoil system Breech block carrier

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Velocity equation for grenades while impacting on dry sand media

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Defence Technology（防务技术） 2024年第5期35卷 168-173页

作者： Martin Macko Xuan Son Bui Kongsathit Phanthavong Duc Hung Pham Van Gion Do Van Minh Do jiri Skala University of Defence BrnoCzech Republic Le Quy Don Technical University Ha NoiViet Nam

This paper deals with the collision of sphere shape grenades with sand *** central issue of the article is the establishing of an empirical velocity equation of the grenade while impacting on sand that is used to solve motion equations of the mechanical mechanism inside the impact grenade *** paper focuses on impact velocities that are lower than 5 m s^(-1).An experiment was conducted to study the velocity of the grenade while impacting on dry sand.A high-speed camera video was used to capture the grenade *** grenade velocity in the impact process was generated from these video *** types of fitting curves are used to regress the velocity equation of the grenade while interacting with the sand media and the best-fitting model is *** result shows the regression curve has a high correlation with the experiment data for grenade velocities below 5 m s^(-1).The received regression equation is useful for analyzing the working ability of the inertial mechanism inside the impact grenade or analyzing and choosing the appropriate parameters of each part in the inertial mechanism to meet the required characteristics of the mechanism.

关键词： Dynamic response Impact velocity Impact grenade Low-velocity impact

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Divergence of trafficking and polarization mechanisms for PIN auxin transporters during land plant evolution

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Plant Communications 2024年第1期5卷 116-129页

作者： Han Tang Kuan-Ju Lu YuZhou Zhang You-Liang Cheng Shih-Long Tu jiri Friml Institute of Science and Technology Austria(ISTA) Am Campus 13400 KlosterneuburgAustria Graduate Institute of Biotechnology National Chung Hsing UniversityNo.145Xingda Rd.South Dist.Taichung 40227TaiwanR.O.C College of Life Sciences Northwest A&F UniversityShaanxiYanglingChina Institute of Plant and Microbial Biology Academia Sinica128 Sec.2Academia RdNankangTaipei 11529TaiwanR.O.C Present address:Graduate Institute of Biochemistry National Chung Hsing UniversityNo.145Xingda Rd.South Dist.Taichung 40227TaiwanR.O.C

The phytohormone auxin,and its directional transport through tissues,plays a fundamental role in the development of higher *** polar auxin transport predominantly relies on PIN-FORMED(PIN)auxin ***,PIN polarization is crucial for development,but its evolution during the rise of morpho-logical complexity in land plants remains ***,we performed a cross-species investigation by observing the trafficking and localization of endogenous and exogenous PINs in two bryophytes,Physco-mitrium patens and Marchantia polymorpha,and in theflowering plant Arabidopsis *** confirmed that the GFP fusion did not compromise the auxin export function of all examined PINs by using a radioac-tive auxin export assay and by observing the phenotypic changes in transgenic *** PINs polarize tofilamentous apices,while exogenous Arabidopsis PINs distribute symmetrically on the membrane in both *** the Arabidopsis root epidermis,bryophytic PINs have no defined *** interference revealed a strong cytoskeletal dependence of bryophytic but not Arabidopsis PIN *** divergence of PIN polarization and trafficking is also observed within the bryophyte clade and between tissues of individual *** results collectively reveal the divergence of PIN traf-ficking and polarity mechanisms throughout land plant evolution and the co-evolution of PIN sequence-based and cell-based polarity mechanisms.

关键词： Arabidopsis evolution Marchantia Physcomitrium PINs polarization protein trafficking

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纤维弯曲对其集合体过滤特性影响的稳态数值分析

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纺织学报 2024年第7期45卷 31-39页

作者：刘倩倩尤健明王琰孙成磊 jiri Militky DANA Kremenakova JAKUB Wiener 祝国成浙江理工大学纺织科学与工程学院(国际丝绸学院) 浙江杭州310018 浙江朝晖过滤技术股份有限公司浙江嘉兴314511 浙江理工大学浙江-捷克先进纤维材料联合实验室浙江杭州310018 利贝雷茨理工大学纺织工程学院捷克利贝雷茨46117 浙江省现代纺织技术创新中心(鉴湖实验室) 浙江绍兴312000

为探究纤维过滤介质中纤维曲率对其内部速度分布、压力损失、过滤效率的影响,通过Digimat建模软件建立曲率K分别为0、2、4、6,固体体积分数为8%,在三维空间中随机分散排列的纤维过滤介质模型,结合计算流体力学方法,基于拉格朗日离散模型... 详细信息

为探究纤维过滤介质中纤维曲率对其内部速度分布、压力损失、过滤效率的影响,通过Digimat建模软件建立曲率K分别为0、2、4、6,固体体积分数为8%,在三维空间中随机分散排列的纤维过滤介质模型,结合计算流体力学方法,基于拉格朗日离散模型和Laminar流场,利用雷诺相似准则,设置入口速度分别为0.05、0.142、0.5、1、2 m/s,平均颗粒粒径为0.25、0.5、1、1.5、2.5、4、5 mm,对微米纤维模型内部气-固两相流动情况进行数值模拟。结果表明:随着纤维曲率K由0增大至6,在入口速度为0.5 m/s时,纤维曲率对速度场分布的影响不明显,速度场的分布呈无规律性;纤维曲率对模型内部压力损失有显著影响,随着纤维曲率的提高,纤维模型内部压力损失呈线性增大;纤维过滤介质的过滤效率随纤维模型曲率的增大而提高,在入口速度为1 m/s、模型曲率K为6时,对平均粒径为5 mm的颗粒过滤效率接近90%,明显高于相同粒径下K为0时的过滤效率。

关键词：计算流体力学纤维曲率压力损失数值模拟过滤效率

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结构参数对水力旋流器壁面磨损的影响研究

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煤炭工程 2024年第1期56卷 191-198页

作者：吉日格勒国家能源集团准能集团有限责任公司内蒙古鄂尔多斯017000

水力旋流器壁面磨损影响水力旋流器的使用寿命和分级效率,为了解决水力旋流器壁面严重磨损的问题,利用Fluent软件,首先分析了其内部流场和固体颗粒的运动特性,并探究了水力旋流器的结构参数进口形式和底流口直径对其壁面磨损的影响规律... 详细信息

水力旋流器壁面磨损影响水力旋流器的使用寿命和分级效率,为了解决水力旋流器壁面严重磨损的问题,利用Fluent软件,首先分析了其内部流场和固体颗粒的运动特性,并探究了水力旋流器的结构参数进口形式和底流口直径对其壁面磨损的影响规律。搭建了一套水力旋流器壁面磨损试验装置进行磨损试验,与数值模拟的结果进行比较,验证了仿真模型的准确性和可靠性,为水力旋流器结构优化、防磨措施的提出提供了依据。

关键词：水力旋流器冲刷磨损 Fluent数值模拟结构参数

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高亲水性壳聚糖纳米纤维膜的制备及性能

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现代纺织技术 2024年第10期32卷 11-19页

作者：戈亚锋王琰徐楚琪 jiri Militky DANA Kremenakova 祝国成浙江理工大学纺织科学与工程学院(国际丝绸学院) 杭州310018 浙江理工大学浙江-捷克先进纤维材料联合实验室杭州310018 利贝雷茨理工大学纺织工程学院捷克利贝雷茨46117 现代纺织技术创新中心(鉴湖实验室) 浙江绍兴312000

为满足医用创伤敷料对高亲水性和抑菌性的要求,以壳聚糖(CS)、聚乙烯醇(PVA)、甘油(GL)为原料,通过静电纺丝技术制备了PVA/CS/GL纳米纤维膜。对纳米纤维膜的形貌和结构进行表征,分析其热稳定性、亲水性、溶胀度和力学性能,并探究其抗菌... 详细信息

为满足医用创伤敷料对高亲水性和抑菌性的要求,以壳聚糖(CS)、聚乙烯醇(PVA)、甘油(GL)为原料,通过静电纺丝技术制备了PVA/CS/GL纳米纤维膜。对纳米纤维膜的形貌和结构进行表征,分析其热稳定性、亲水性、溶胀度和力学性能,并探究其抗菌性能。结果表明:当甘油质量分数为3%时,PVA/CS/GL纳米纤维膜综合性能最佳,具有较好的网状结构和均匀的纤维直径,其中甘油的添加改善了壳聚糖基纳米纤维膜亲水性差、力学强度低等不足。当加入质量分数为3%的甘油后,纳米纤维膜的接触角从53.3°降低至25.3°,在PBS缓冲液中的平衡溶胀率从239.5%提高到332.1%,拉伸强度和断裂伸长率分别从2.68 MPa、8.2%提升到5.83 MPa、17.9%。抗菌实验表明,PVA/CS/GL纳米纤维膜对大肠杆菌和金黄色葡萄球菌的抑菌率分别为94.39%、89.65%,表现出良好的抑菌效果。因此,该PVA/CS/GL纳米纤维膜在医用创伤敷料方面具有潜在应用价值。

关键词：壳聚糖聚乙烯醇甘油纳米纤维膜亲水性溶胀性

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TMB相关免疫浸润调控评分(MOTIF)预测免疫治疗响应并指导联合增效

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Science Bulletin 2024年第6期69卷 803-822页

作者：钱政宇潘艺芊李薛鑫陈衍行吴灏祥刘泽先 Martin Kosar jiri Bartek 王梓贤徐瑞华 Department of Medical Oncology Sun Yat-sen University Cancer CenterState Key Laboratory of Oncology in South ChinaCollaborative Innovation Center for Cancer MedicineGuangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for CancerResearch Unit of Precision Diagnosis and Treatment for Gastrointestinal CancerChinese Academy of Medical SciencesGuangzhou 510060China Science for Life Laboratory Division of Genome BiologyDepartment of Medical Biochemistry and BiophysicsKarolinska InstituteStockholm S-17121Sweden Department of General Surgery The Fourth Affiliated HospitalChina Medical UniversityShenyang 110032China Bioinformatics Platform Sun Yat-sen University Cancer CenterGuangzhou 510060China Zhejiang University-University of Edinburgh Institute Zhejiang University School of MedicineHaining 314400China Edinburgh Medical School Biomedical SciencesCollege of Medicine and Veterinary MedicineThe University of EdinburghEdinburgh EH11LTUK Danish Cancer Society Research Center Copenhagen DK-2100Denmark Laboratory of Artificial Intelligence and Data Science Sun Yat-sen University Cancer CenterGuangzhou 510060China

Patients with high tumor mutational burden(TMB)levels do not consistently respond to immune checkpoint inhibitors(ICIs),possibly because a high TMB level does not necessarily result in adequate infiltration of CD8^(+)T *** bulk ribonucleic acid sequencing(RNA-seq)data from 9311 tumor samples across 30 cancer types,we developed a novel tool called the modulator of TMB-associated immune infiltration(MOTIF),which comprises genes that can determine the extent of CD8^(+)T cell infiltration prompted by a certain TMB *** confirmed that MOTIF can accurately reflect the integrity and defects of the cancer-immunity *** analyzing 84 human single-cell RNA-seq datasets from 32 types of solid tumors,we revealed that MOTIF can provide insights into the diverse roles of various cell types in the modulation of CD8^(+)T cell *** pretreatment RNA-seq data from 13 ICI-treated cohorts,we validated the use of MOTIF in predicting CD8^(+)T cell infiltration and ICI *** the components of MOTIF,we identified EMC3 as a negative regulator of CD8^(+)T cell infiltration,which was validated via in vivo ***,MOTIF provided guidance for the potential combinations of programmed death 1 blockade with certain immunostimulatory drugs to facilitate CD8^(+)T cell infiltration and improve ICI efficacy.

关键词： Tumor mutational burden Immunotherapy Cancer-immunity cycle Treatment efficacy prediction CD8^(+)T cell infiltration Combination therapy

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耐水性CA PVA纳米纤维膜的制备与性能

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现代纺织技术 2024年第2期32卷 96-104页

作者：张佳鹏王琰姚菊明 jiri Militky DANA Kremenakova 祝国成浙江理工大学纺织科学与工程学院(国际丝绸学院) 浙江理工大学浙江-捷克先进纤维材料联合实验室浙江理工大学材料科学与工程学院杭州310018 宁波大学材料科学与化学工程学院宁波315201 现代纺织技术创新中心(鉴湖实验室) 浙江绍兴312000 利贝雷茨理工大学纺织工程学院捷克利贝雷茨46117

为制备可降解、高比表面积、吸附效率高的吸附膜材料,采用静电纺丝技术制备一种醋酸纤维素(CA)聚乙烯醇(PVA)复合纳米纤维膜。用可降解的CA为原料制备CA纳米纤维膜;为提高CA纳米纤维膜的力学性能,与PVA共混纺丝,制备了CA PVA复合纳米纤... 详细信息

为制备可降解、高比表面积、吸附效率高的吸附膜材料,采用静电纺丝技术制备一种醋酸纤维素(CA)聚乙烯醇(PVA)复合纳米纤维膜。用可降解的CA为原料制备CA纳米纤维膜;为提高CA纳米纤维膜的力学性能,与PVA共混纺丝,制备了CA PVA复合纳米纤维膜;为改善膜的耐水性能,采用戊二醛(GA)蒸汽交联法对CA PVA纳米纤维膜进行交联改性处理,而后对CA PVA纳米纤维膜的表观形貌、耐水性能,力学性能以及吸附性能进行了评价分析。研究发现:CA与PVA共混后仍具有良好的可纺性;CA PVA纳米纤维膜的表面经GA交联后逐渐致密化;改性后的CA PVA纳米纤维膜在水中24 h后质量损失率由改性前的70.76%下降到7.28%;耐水性能随温度和pH值的增加而降低,在25~35℃、pH值为5的条件下,膜的质量损失率最低,为5%左右;断裂强度由0.76 MPa提高到1.51 MPa,断裂伸长率由6.31%提高到8.03%;对Cu 2+的吸附在2 h后达到平衡,最大吸附量达到89.52 mg g,说明改性后的CA PVA纳米纤维膜具有良好的耐水性能及力学性能,对重金属离子的吸附具有良好效果,为重金属废水的处理提供了一种有效方法。

关键词：醋酸纤维素纳米纤维膜戊二醛交联缩醛反应离子吸附

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