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阿尔茨海默病的药物回顾和展望

Science Bulletin 2024年第10期69卷 1369-1374页

作者： Davide Angioni Julien Delrieu Nicola Coley Pierre-Jean Ousset jiong shi Bruno Vellas Institut Hospitalo Universitaire HealthAge Alzheimer’s Disease Research and Clinical CenterToulouse University HospitalToulouse 31000France Center for Epidemiology and Research in Population Health(CERPOP) University of ToulouseINSERM UMR1295UPSToulouse 31000France Department of Epidemiology and Public Health Toulouse University HospitalToulouse 31000France Department of Neurology The First Affiliated Hospital of USTCDivision of Life Sciences and MedicineUniversity of Science and Technology of ChinaHefei 230026China

With population aging,the number of people with dementia is expected to increase over the coming ***’s disease(AD),the leading cause of dementia worldwide,is characterized by a progressive loss of autonomy leading to dramatic consequences for patients and their caregivers,as well as an increase in health and social care *** main physiopathological features of AD include deposition of amyloid plaques and neurofibrillary tau tangles.

关键词：阿尔茨海默病 Alzheimer tau

中等强度有氧运动对女大学生大脑结构影响的VBM研究

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磁共振成像 2024年第7期15卷 87-93页

作者：史冀龙王君于勇薛姣侯莉娟北京师范大学体育与运动学院北京100875 上海体育大学心理学院上海200438 北京师范大学认知神经科学与学习国家重点实验室北京100875 北京师范大学中国基础教育质量监测协同创新中心北京100875

目的采用基于体素的形态学测量(voxel-based morphometry, VBM)方法探讨中等强度有氧运动对高低有氧能力女大学生大脑灰质结构可塑性的影响。材料与方法纳入24名健康女大学生为研究对象,按照最大摄氧量分为高低有氧组,对其进行16周规... 详细信息

目的采用基于体素的形态学测量(voxel-based morphometry, VBM)方法探讨中等强度有氧运动对高低有氧能力女大学生大脑灰质结构可塑性的影响。材料与方法纳入24名健康女大学生为研究对象,按照最大摄氧量分为高低有氧组,对其进行16周规律性中等强度有氧运动干预。在有氧运动干预前后采集T1WI脑结构像数据,以VBM方法比较中等强度有氧运动干预前后,高低有氧组女大学生大脑灰质体积变化。结果重复测量方差分析显示,经过中等强度有氧运动干预后,高低有氧能力女大学生的最大摄氧量均显著提升(P<0.001);低有氧能力女大学生在双侧颞上回/颞中回/缘上回/顶下小叶,右侧额中回/前扣带回/额内侧回灰质体积显著减小(GRF校正,体素水平P<0.001,团块水平P<0.01);高有氧能力女大学生在双侧额内侧回/前扣带回、左侧额中回/额下回、左侧颞上回/颞中回,右侧额上回/额下回/脑岛,右侧颞中回/颞下回灰质体积显著减小(GRF校正,体素水平P<0.001,团块水平P<0.01)。结论中等强度有氧运动引起的女大学生大脑灰质结构的变化可能是运动引起大脑可塑性改变的机制之一,且与受试者的最大摄氧量存在一定的相关性。

关键词：中等强度有氧运动基于体素的形态学磁共振成像有氧能力脑可塑性

提高人工湿地脱氮除磷性能强化技术及其在有色金属工业废水中的应用

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有色金属（冶炼部分） 2024年第4期 120-128页

作者：许绍武常瑞峰门学超史炯樊强天津市水利工程集团有限公司天津300222

人工湿地因具有良好的脱氮除磷性能而广泛应用于生活污水尾水和工业废水的深度处理。然而,随着环保政策要求的日益严格,传统的人工湿地对不同水质污水的处理能力有限,从而导致多数污水处理难以满足达标排放的要求。因此,越来越多的强化... 详细信息

人工湿地因具有良好的脱氮除磷性能而广泛应用于生活污水尾水和工业废水的深度处理。然而,随着环保政策要求的日益严格,传统的人工湿地对不同水质污水的处理能力有限,从而导致多数污水处理难以满足达标排放的要求。因此,越来越多的强化技术与手段被应用于人工湿地系统,以增强人工湿地的污染物净化性能。主要从合理设计人工湿地、联合预处理工艺构建复合人工湿地系统以及保温和溶解氧控制等方面综述当前提高人工湿地脱氮除磷性能的强化技术,并简要概述了人工湿地在处理有色金属工业废水中的应用。

关键词：人工湿地脱氮除磷有色金属强化技术耦合预处理工艺

Photochemically induced thalamus infarction impairs cognition in a mouse model

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Stroke & Vascular Neurology 2023年第6期8卷 444-452,I0001,I0002页

作者： Chen Zhang shiping Li Yongjun Wang jiong shi Department of Neurology Beijing Tiantan HospitalCapital Medical UniversityBeijingChina China National Clinical Research Center for Neurological Diseases BeijingChina Advanced Innovation Center for Human Brain Protection Capital Medical UniversityBeijingChina

Background Small subcortical infarcts account for up to 25%of ischaemic *** is one of the subcortical structures that commonly manifest with lacunar infarcts on MRI of the *** have shown that thalamus infarction is associated with cognitive ***,due to the lack of proper animal models,little is known about the *** aimed to establish a focal thalamus infarction model,characterise the infarct lesion and assess functional *** Male C57BL/6J mice were anaesthetised,and Rose Bengal dye was injected through the tail *** right thalamus was illuminated with green laser light by stereotactic implantation of optic *** of the infarct and lesion evolution were evaluated by histological analysis and 7T MRI at various *** cognitive and neurological functions were assessed by behavioural *** tracing was performed to analyse neural *** An ischaemic lesion with small vessel occlusion was observed in the *** became a small circumscribed infarct with reactive astrocytes accumulated in the infarct periphery on day *** mice with thalamic infarction demonstrated impaired learning and memory without significant neurological *** labelled neurons in the retrosplenial granular cortex were *** This study established a mouse model of thalamic lacunar infarction that exhibits cognitive *** connection dysfunctions may play a potential role in post-stroke cognitive *** model helps to clarify the pathophysiology of post-stroke cognitive impairment and to develop potential therapies.

关键词： infarction thalamus impaired

一种适用于免疫组织化学染色的新底物Magenta及其应用价值

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中华病理学杂志 2024年第10期53卷 1034-1038页

作者：王朝姗储诚彪王雪迪史炯孟凡青吴鸿雁南京大学医学院附属鼓楼医院病理科南京

目的评估免疫组织化学染色的新底物辣根过氧化物酶(HRP)Magenta在明视场下的运用特点, 包括特异度、灵敏度、重复性、稳定性和抗干扰能力。方法收集2021年1月至2023年12月南京大学医学院附属鼓楼医院的人体癌旁组织12例和肿瘤组织芯片17...

目的评估免疫组织化学染色的新底物辣根过氧化物酶(HRP)Magenta在明视场下的运用特点, 包括特异度、灵敏度、重复性、稳定性和抗干扰能力。方法收集2021年1月至2023年12月南京大学医学院附属鼓楼医院的人体癌旁组织12例和肿瘤组织芯片176例, 根据染色底物不同分为3, 3′-二氨基联苯胺(DAB)组和Magenta组。(1)对不同组织的细胞定位和亚定位的抗体行Magenta和DAB显色比较, 观察两者一致性;(2)通过对Magenta显色切片在不同环境(低温、常温、高温)下的存储以及接触有机溶剂(乙醇、二甲苯、丙酮、1%盐酸乙醇、0.3 mol/L硫酸、高锰酸钾等)观察其稳定性;(3)通过添加苏木精、DAB, 观察其对Magenta显色信号的干扰情况。结果 (1)Magenta组细胞核、质、膜等定位准确, (30±2)s出现淡粉红信号, (180±5)s完成显色, 反应速度与DAB组相比, 差异无统计学意义(P>0.05), 显色性能与DAB组相比有较高的一致性(cohenκ=0.957), 特异度和灵敏度为96.0%和99.2%;(2)Magenta显色切片在不同环境下存储不会发生信号改变, 同时能耐受乙醇、二甲苯、丙酮、1%盐酸乙醇、0.3 mol/L硫酸等有机溶剂, 但不能与氧化剂接触;(3)Magenta与DAB和苏木精共同染色时, 阳性信号互不干扰。结论在免疫组织化学染色性能上, HRP Magenta与DAB相比阳性信号色彩更鲜明, 同时稳定性好, 易于长久保存, 可作为免疫组织化学HRP酶底物的新选择。

关键词：

Vascular dementia has the highest hospitalisation rate in China:a nationwide hospital information system study

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Stroke & Vascular Neurology 2023年第1期8卷 59-68页

作者： Yue Wang shiping Li Qi Zhou Yongjun Wang jiong shi Department of Neurology Beijing Tiantan HospitalBeijingChina National Clinical Research Center for Neurological Diseases Beijing Tiantan HospitalBeijingChina Advanced Innovation Center for Human Brain Protection Capital Medical UniversityBeijingChina

Background Although vascular dementia(VaD)is not uncommon in the hospital,most studies on VaD are community *** study on VaD is the first to use a national hospital information system(HIS)in *** This study was a hospital population-based cohort study,and data were acquired from the Hospital Quality Monitoring System,a Chinese national database that covers 1531 tertiary hospitals in *** medical records in the HIS included demographic information,diagnoses,procedures,expenses,*** was diagnosed by hospital attending physicians and identified by the International Classification of Diseases(ICD)10 code(F01.0-F01.9).Results 1259(82.23%)tertiary hospitals were included in this study,and 274230 hospitalisation records of 123700 VaD patients from 2016 to 2018 were identified for ***(51.27%)was the most common type of dementia in hospitalised *** age-adjusted and sex-adjusted hospital incidence of VaD was estimated to be 2.97 per 100000 person-years(95%CI 2.92 to 3.02).The mean age of VaD patients admitted to hospitals was 74.13±10.88,with more male(61.0%)*** main comorbidities were hypertension(67.2%),heart disease(63.6%)and cerebral infarction(55.5%).The mortality rate of VaD in hospital was 28.91‰(95%CI 28.0 to 29.9)between 2016 and *** top 1 cause of death due to VaD was pneumonia and other respiratory *** VaD is the most common form of dementia in hospitalised *** casts huge burdens on affected patients and their *** risk factors are prevalent in VaD *** these factors is essential to improve patient *** leading causes of death by VaD are pneumonia and other respiratory *** care and the management of respiratory illness are critical for VaD care in the hospital.

关键词： Vascular admitted nationwide

依托咪酯对视神经损伤成年大鼠视网膜神经节细胞的保护作用及对半胱氨酸天冬氨酸蛋白酶3、脑源性神经营养因子蛋白表达的影响

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陕西医学杂志 2024年第7期53卷 905-909页

作者：赵翠党赵红雷史炯赵广平邯郸市眼科医院麻醉科河北邯郸056001 邯郸市中西医结合医院麻醉科河北邯郸056001 邯郸市中心医院麻醉科河北邯郸056001

目的:探讨依托咪酯对视神经损伤成年大鼠视网膜神经节细胞的保护作用及半胱氨酸天冬氨酸蛋白酶3(Caspase-3)、脑源性神经营养因子(BDNF)蛋白表达的影响。方法:选择成年雄性SD大鼠40只,随机选8只为正常照组,其余32只采用动脉夹夹持法损... 详细信息

目的:探讨依托咪酯对视神经损伤成年大鼠视网膜神经节细胞的保护作用及半胱氨酸天冬氨酸蛋白酶3(Caspase-3)、脑源性神经营养因子(BDNF)蛋白表达的影响。方法:选择成年雄性SD大鼠40只,随机选8只为正常照组,其余32只采用动脉夹夹持法损伤视神经建立视神经损伤模型并分组,即模型组(视神经损伤大鼠),依托咪酯低、中、高剂量组(依托咪酯腹腔注射),剂量分别为2、4、6 mg/kg。分析比较干预后各组大鼠眼压变化。并行HE染色观察视网膜组织结构,比较各组大鼠视网膜神经节细胞(RCGs)存活数目及存活率,Western blot法检测视网膜组织中Caspase-3、BDNF蛋白表达。结果:模型组、依托咪酯各组眼压高于正常组,依托咪酯各组末次给药后眼压降低,且呈剂量依赖性(均P<0.05)。模型组大鼠视网膜水肿增厚,以神经纤维层最为明显,且有空泡,RGC细胞肿胀,内、外核层细胞数量减少,排列紊乱。依托咪酯各组视网膜病理损伤均有改善,高剂量组好于中剂量组,中剂量组好于低剂量组。与正常组比较,模型组大鼠RCGs存活数目减少(P<0.05),与模型组比较,依托咪酯各组RCGs存活数目增多(P<0.05)。依托咪酯高剂量组RCGs存活数目、相对存活率高于中、低剂量组(均P<0.05)。正常组大鼠视网膜组织中BDNF蛋白表达高于模型组,Caspase-3低于模型组,依托咪酯各组视网膜组织中BDNF升高,Caspase-3下降,均呈剂量依赖性(均P<0.05)。结论:Caspase-3蛋白在大鼠视神经损伤中表达升高,BDNF蛋白表达降低,依托咪酯干预能够促进视网膜RGCs存活,对视神经损伤具有保护作用。

关键词：依托咪酯视神经损伤视网膜神经节细胞半胱氨酸天冬氨酸酶3 脑源性神经营养因子大鼠

Geochronology and geochemistry of the Hekoulinchang Sn-Pb-Zn-Ag polymetallic deposit(73240 t) in Heilongjiang Province, China

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China Geology 2022年第1期5卷 46-59页

作者： Yong Zhang Quan-heng Song shi-jiong Han Jian-hua Ding Ministry of Natural Resources Key Laboratory of Metallogeny and Mineral Assessment Institute of Mineral ResourcesChinese Academy of Geological SciencesBeijing 100037China Institute of Geological Survey of Jilin Province Changchun 130061China College of Earth Sciences Jilin UniversityChangchun 130061China

The Hekoulinchang Sn-Pb-Zn-Ag polymetallic deposit(20000 t Sn at 0.27%,236 t Ag at 122.89 g/t,15000 t Pb at 0.84%,and 38000 t Zn at 1.43%)is located in the Wandashan Terrane of the easternmost segment of the Central Asian Orogenic *** timing of Sn-Pb-Zn-Ag polymetallic mineralization remains unclear due to a lack of precise isotope dating directly conducted on ore *** authors herein report that the LA-ICP-MS U-Pb ages of cassiterite and zircon from the granite porphyry in the Hekoulinchang Sn-Pb-Zn-Ag polymetallic deposit are 101.4±7.9 Ma and 115.4±1.0 Ma,respectively,indicating that Sn mineralization and magmatism occurred during the Early *** granite porphyry belongs to the subalkaline series peraluminous I-type granites that are depleted in Nb,Ta,and Ti and enriched in Rb,Th,U,and ***εHf(t)values of the granite porphyry range from 0.9 to 7.4,with an average of about 5.6 and two-stage model ages(T_(DM2))of 705–1116 Ma,with an average age of 819 *** ε_(Nd)(t)values of the apatites are–1.60–0.45,with an average of–0.9,and two-stage model ages(T_(DM2))of 872–1040 Ma,with an average age of 983 *** Nd-Hf isotope data indicate that the magma may have been derived from the partial melting of juvenile crustal material.

关键词： Cassiterite U-Pb dating Zircon U-Pb dating Nd-Hf isotopes Porphyry Sn-Pb-Zn-Ag polymetallic deposit Hekoulinchang Heilongjiang Province Central Asian Orogenic Belt

机器旁教学在临床病理科住院医师常规技术教学中的应用

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中国毕业后医学教育 2024年第9期8卷 666-669页

作者：陈锦林旭吴鸿雁史炯牛丰南黎琪孙琦南京大学医学院附属鼓楼医院病理科江苏南京210008

目的探讨临床病理科住院医师开展机器旁教学的可行性。方法对2019年—2021年在南京大学医学院附属鼓楼医院病理科接受住院医师规范化培训的57名住院医师开展机器旁教学,通过考核和问卷调查教学质量和满意度。结果结果显示,机器旁教学可... 详细信息

目的探讨临床病理科住院医师开展机器旁教学的可行性。方法对2019年—2021年在南京大学医学院附属鼓楼医院病理科接受住院医师规范化培训的57名住院医师开展机器旁教学,通过考核和问卷调查教学质量和满意度。结果结果显示,机器旁教学可巩固住院医师的理论知识、提高解决问题能力,并激发其对病理技术的学习兴趣。结论机器旁教学以自主动手实操为核心,能培养住院医师岗位胜任力和激发创新思维,可成为临床病理科常规技术教学的基本模式。

关键词：病理学机器旁教学住院医师规范化培训