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Isolation of the promoter of a cotton β-galactosidase gene (GhGal1) and its expression in transgenic tobacco plants

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Science China(Life Sciences) 2006年第2期49卷 105-114页

作者： WU Aimin liu jinyuan Laboratory of Molecular Biology and Protein Science Laboratory of the Ministry of Education Department of Biological Sciences and Biotechnology Tsinghua University Beijing 100084 China Laboratory of Molecular Biology and Protein Science Laboratory of the Ministry of Education Department of Biological Sciences and Biotechnology Tsinghua University Beijing 100084 China

β-galactosidases (EC 3.***.1.23) constitute a widespread family of glycosyl hydrolases in plants and are thought to be involved in metabolism of cell wall polysaccharides. A cDNA of the cotton (Gossypium hirsutum) β-galactosidase gene, designated GhGal1, has previously been identified and its transcripts are highly abundant at the elongation stage of the cotton fiber. To examine the temporal and spatial control of GhGal1 expression, a transcriptional fusion of the GhGal1 promoter region (1770 bp) with the β-glucuronidase (GUS) reporter gene was introduced into tobacco plants by the Agrobacterium infection method. The resulting transgenic plants showed higher GUS activity of fruit in the transgenic plants than that in the negative and positive controls. Histochemical localization of GUS activity demonstrated that the expression of the GUS gene could be found in the meristem zones of roots, cotyledons, vascular tissues, fruit and trichomes in transgenic tobacco plants. Additionally, se-quence analysis of the regulatory region also revealed several conserved motifs among which some were shared with previously reported fruit/seed-specific elements and the others were related with trichome expression. These results indicated the temporal and spatial expression characterization of the GhGal1 promoter in transgenic tobacco plants and provided an important insight into the roles of GhGal1 in cotton fiber development.

关键词： cotton, β-galactosidase, transgenic tobacco, promoter activity, fruit and trichome expression.

Genome-wide analysis and expression profiling of the phospholipase D gene family in Gossypium arboreum

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Science China(Life Sciences) 2016年第2期59卷 130-141页

作者： Kai TANG Chunjuan DONG jinyuan liu Laboratory of Plant Molecular Biology Center for Plant Biology School of Life Sciences Tsinghua University Institute of Vegetables and Flowers Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences

The plant phospholipase D （PLD） plays versatile functions in multiple aspects of plant growth, development, and stress re- sponses. However, until now, our knowledge concerning the PLD gene family members and their expression patterns in cotton has been limited. In this study, we performed for the first time the genome-wide analysis and expression profiling of PLD gene family in Gossypium arboretum, and finally, a total of 19 non-redundant PLD genes （GaPLDs） were identified. Based on the phylogenetic analysis, they were divided into six well-supported clades （tx, 13/？, 8, ~, ~ and q~）. Most of the GaPLD genes with- in the same clade showed the similar exon-intron organization and highly conserved motif structures. Additionally, the chro- mosomal distribution pattern revealed that GaPLD genes were unevenly distributed across 10 of the 13 cotton chromosomes. Segmental duplication is the major contributor to the expansion of GaPLD gene family and estimated to have occurred from 19.61 to 20.44 million years ago when a recent large-scale genome duplication occurred in cotton. Moreover, the expression profiling provides the functional divergence of GaPLD genes in cotton and provides some new light on the molecular mecha- nisms of GaPLDcd and GaPLD62 in fiber development.

关键词： Gossypium arboreum phospholipase D gene family expression patterns fiber development

Molecular Characterization of a Cytosolic Malate Dehydrogenase Gene（GhcMDH1） from Cotton

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Chemical Research in Chinese Universities 2017年第1期33卷 87-93页

作者： IMRAN Muhammad ZHANG Bing TANG Kai liu jinyuan Laboratory of Plant Molecular Biology Center for Plant Biology School of Life Sciences Tsinghua University Beijing 100084 R R. China Institute of Botany Chinese Academy of Sciences Nanjing 210014 P R. China

Malate dehydrogenase（MDH） is a key enzyme that catalyzes the reversible oxidation of oxaloacetate to malate and plays an important role in the physiological processes of plant growth and development. However, cyto- solic malate dehydrogenase（cMDH）, which is crucial for malate synthesis in the cytosol, still has not been extensively characterized in plants. Here, we isolated a cytosolic malate dehydrogenase gene, designated as GhcMDH1, from Gossypium hirsutum and characterized its possible molecular function in cotton fiber. The cloned cDNA of GhcMDH1 is 1520 base pairs in length, and has an open reading frame of 999 base pairs, encoding for 332 amino acid residues with an estimated molecular weight of 35580 and pI of 6.35. Sequence alignment showed that the de- duced amino acid sequence of GhcMDH1 protein shared a high similarity to other plant cMDHs. Confocal and im- munological analysis confirmed that GhcMDH1 protein was subcellularly localized to the cytosol. Quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction（PCR） revealed that GhcMDH1 was constitutively expressed in all vegetative cotton tissues, with slightly lower levels in roots than stems and leaves. Interestingly, the transcripts of GhcMDH1 were detected in 5--25 d post anthesis（DPA） fibers and highly abundant at 15 DPA fibers. The total MDH activities and malate contents of cotton fibers were positively correlated with the fiber elongation rates, suggesting that GhcMDH1 may function in malate synthesis in fast fiber elongation. In agreement with this suspicion, the recombi- nant His-GhcMDH1 protein mainly drives the reaction towards malate generation in vitro. In conclusion, our mole- cular characterization of the GhcMDH1 gene provides valuable insights to further investigate the malate equilibrium in cotton fiber development.

关键词： Cotton Cytosolic malate dehydrogenase Malate synthesis Fiber development

Creep behavior of EPS composite soil

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Science China(Technological Sciences) 2012年第11期55卷 3070-3080页

作者： GAO HongMei CHEN YuMin liu HanLong liu jinyuan CHU Jian Institute of Geotechnical Engineering Nanjing University of Technology Nanjing 210009 China Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Geomechanics and Embankment Engineering Hohai University Nanjing 210098 China Geotechnical Research Institute Hohai University Nanjing 210098 China Department of Civil Engineering Ryerson University 350 Victoria Street Toronto ONM5B2k3 Canada School of Civil and Environmental Engineering Nanyang Technological University Singapore 639798 Singapore

EPS composite soil is one type of premixed lightweight fills studied by numerous researchers, However, one aspect that has not been fully understood is the creep behaviors which may have significant effect on the design and application of EPS com- posite soil. In this paper, the results of a series of oedometer creep tests and triaxial undrained creep tests on EPS composite soil were presented. Four main influencing factors were identified and their effects on the creep behaviors of EPS composite soil were studied. Three well established creep models, namely, Findley model, Singh ＆ Mitchell model, and Mesri model, were used to simulate the creep behavior of EPS composite soil. This study shows that the Findley creep model fits the test re- suits the best. A semi-empirical creep model was also proposed to model the creep behavior under axisymmetric conditions. In this model, the creep strain was divided into instant and viscous elastic strain as well as instant and viscous plastic strain which were simulated by element models and empirical equations, respectively. It was shown that the proposed creep model was able to precisely predict the creep strain of EPS composite soil.

关键词： lightweight fill creep model empirical model EPS composite soil oedometer creep test triaxial undrained creep test

Cosmic-ray exposure and gas retention ages of the Guang-mingshan(H5) chondrite

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Chinese Science Bulletin 2001年第18期46卷 1544-1546页

作者： WANG Daode LIN Yangting liu jinyuan Guangzhou Institute of Geochemistry Chinese Academy of SciencesGuangzhou 510640China Dalian Museum of Natural History Dalian 116023China

Isotopic compositions of noble gases from the Guangmingshan chondrite were analyzed. Based on the analyses of cosmogenic nuclei, cosmic-ray exposure age of the meteorite is (65±10.0) Ma (3He), (80±12) Ma (21Ne) and (65±10.0) Ma (38Ar), with an average of 70 Ma. This is the highest exposure age of H-group ordinary chondrites. Gas retention ages of K-Ar and U, Th-4He are (4230±100) Ma and (3300±60) Ma, respectively. The smaller ages of 3He than 21Ne and 4He than Ar suggest that both 3He and 4He lost together. This is probably related to a solar heating effect of a meteorite with a small perihelion during the last exposure period.

关键词： noble gas cosmic-ray exposure age meteorite chondrite Zhuanghe Liaoning.

Two-stage Correction Strategy-based Real-time Dispatch for Economic Operation of Microgrids

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Chinese Journal of Electrical Engineering 2022年第2期8卷 42-51页

作者： Jingliao Sun Changhong Hu Lei liu Bei Zhao jinyuan liu Jianquan Shi Wenzhou Power Supply Company State Grid Zhejiang Electric Power Co.Ltd.Wenzhou 325028China School of Electrical Engineering Xi’an Jiaotong UniversityXi’an 710049China School of Automation Nanjing Institute of TechnologyNanjing 211167China

Given the different energy rates of multiple types of power generation units,different operation plans affect the economy of *** by load and power generation forecasting technologies,the economic superiority of day-ahead plans is unable to be fully utilized because of the fluctuation of loads and power *** this regard,a two-stage correction strategy-based real-time dispatch method for the economic operation of microgrids is *** on the optimal day-ahead economic operation plan,unbalanced power is validly allocated in two stages in terms of power increment and current power,which maintains the economy of the day-ahead ***,for operating point offset during real-time correction,a rolling dispatch method is introduced to dynamically update the system operation ***,the results verify the effectiveness of the proposed method.

关键词： Real-time dispatch day-ahead operation plan economic operation microgrid

High-throughput sequencing-based genome-wide identification of micro RNAs expressed in developing cotton seeds

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Science China(Life Sciences) 2015年第8期58卷 778-786页

作者： WANG YanMei DING Yan YU DingWei XUE Wei liu jinyuan Laboratory of Plant Molecular Biology Center for Plant Biology School of Life Sciences Tsinghua University

Micro RNAs(mi RNAs) have been shown to play critical regulatory roles in gene expression in cotton. Although a large number of mi RNAs have been identified in cotton fibers, the functions of mi RNAs in seed development remain unexplored. In this study, a small RNA library was constructed from cotton seeds sampled at 15 days post-anthesis(DPA) and was subjected to high-throughput sequencing. A total of 95 known mi RNAs were detected to be expressed in cotton seeds. The expression pattern of these identified mi RNAs was profiled and 48 known mi RNAs were differentially expressed between cotton seeds and fibers at 15 DPA. In addition, 23 novel mi RNA candidates were identified in 15-DPA seeds. Putative targets for 21 novel and 87 known mi RNAs were successfully predicted and 900 expressed sequence tag(EST) sequences were proposed to be candidate target genes, which are involved in various metabolic and biological processes, suggesting a complex regulatory network in developing cotton seeds. Furthermore, mi RNA-mediated cleavage of three important transcripts in vivo was validated by RLM-5′ RACE. This study is the first to show the regulatory network of mi RNAs that are involved in developing cotton seeds and provides a foundation for future studies on the specific functions of these mi RNAs in seed development.

关键词： Gossypium hirsutum seed development microRNA (miRNA) target gene GO annotation high-throughput sequencing

Modeling of the influences of multiple modulated electron cyclotron current drive on NTMs in rotating plasma

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Plasma Science and Technology 2017年第2期19卷 8-14页

作者： Long CHEN jinyuan liu Ping DUAN Guangrui liu Xingyu BIAN Department of Physics Dalian Maritime University Dalian 116026 People＇s Republic of China Transportation Engineering Postdoctoral Research Station Dalian Maritime University Dalian 116026 People＇s Republic of China School of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering Dalian University of Technology Dalian 116024 People＇s Republic of China

In this work, physical models of neoclassical tearing modes （NTMs） including bootstrap current and multiple modulated electron cyclotron current drive model are applied. Based on the specific physical problems during the suppression of NTMs by driven current, this work compares the efficiency of continuous and modulated driven currents, and simulates the physical processes of multiple modulated driven currents on suppressing rotating magnetic island. It is found that when island rotates along the poloidal direction, the suppression ability of continuous driven current can be massively reduced due to current deposition outside the island separatrix and reverse deposition direction at the X point, which can be avoided by current drive modulation. Multiple current drive has a better suppressing effect than single current drive. This work gives realistic numerical simulations by optimizing the model and parameters based on the experiments, which could provide references for successful suppression of NTMs in future advanced tokamak such as international thermonuclear experimental reactor.

关键词： neoclassical tearing modes magnetic island current drive modulated rf wave,plasma rotation

Modeling of kiwifruit metallothionein kiwi503

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Chinese Science Bulletin 2000年第15期45卷 1413-1417,1444页

作者： Chunming Zhu Tun Lü Riqing Zhang Nanming Zhao jinyuan liu Tsing Hua Univ State Key Lab Biomembrane & Membrane Biotechnol Dept Biol Sci & Biotechnol Beijing 100084 Peoples R China

Kiwifruit metallothionein, kiwi503, is a typical plant metallothionein protein. It has 63 amino acid residues in two cysteine-rich regions and one spacer region of about 32 residues. In this note, the two cysteine-rich regions and the spacer region have been modeled separately by the distance geometry and the homology method. The three parts are then connected to generate a three-dimensional structural model of kiwifruit metallothionein kiwi503. The result shows that there is no structural or energy barrier preventing either cysteine rich domain from independently forming a metal-sulfur chelating cluster. The method can also be applied to predicting the structures of the same type of other proteins.

关键词： plant metallothionein homology distance geometry protein modeling.