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An in planta haploid induction system in Brassica napus

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Journal of Integrative Plant Biology 2022年第6期64卷 1140-1144页

作者： Yifan Li Dan Li Qing Xiao Huadong Wang Jing Wen jinxing tu Jinxiong Shen Tingdong Fu Bin Yi National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement National Center of Rapeseed ImprovementHuazhong Agricultural UniversityWuhan 430070China Key Laboratory of Crop Physiology Ecology and Genetic BreedingMinistry of EducationJiangxi Agricultural UniversityNanchang 330045China

Doubled haploid technology is widely used to accelerate plant breeding,but its use in the important oilseed crop Brassica napus *** limited because *** haploids could only be obtained through in vitro anther or microspore ***,maize(Zea mays)lines containing mutations in Domain of unknown function 679 membrane protein(DMP)were used as haploid inducer *** new haploid induction mechanism has been extended to several other plants,including the dicots Arabidopsis thaliana,tomato(Solanum lycopersicum),and tobacco(Nicotiana tabacum).Here,we knocked out four BnaDMP genes in the *** cultivar Westar using a clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats(CRISPR)/CRISPR-associated protein 9 vector with an enhanced green fluorescent protein expression *** with DMP mutations in *** in the T_(0),T_(1),and T_(2) generations exhibited a haploid induction rate up to 2.53%.These results suggest that targeting BnaDMP could be useful for haploid induction in ***.

关键词： Brassica napus CRISPR/Cas9 fluorescence screening maternal haploid induction

*** affects chloroplast development in Brassica napus L.

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The Crop Journal 2021年第5期9卷 992-1002页

作者： Tingting Liu Baolong Tao Hanfei Wu Jing Wen Bin Yi Chaozhi Ma jinxing tu Tingdong Fu Lixia Zhu Jinxiong Shen National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement National Center of Rapeseed ImprovementHuazhong Agricultural UniversityWuhan 430070HubeiChina School of Biological Science and Technology University of JinanJinan 250000ShandongChina

Mature chloroplasts,as the main sites of photosynthesis,are essential for seedling growth in higher *** of function of genes involved in chloroplast development changes plant *** obtained a YELLOW COTYLEDON (YCO) mutant in rapeseed (Brassica napus L.) using ***,a gene of unknown function,has two homologous copies (Bna *** and Bna ***) in *** mutation of these two homologs resulted in yellow cotyledons and chlorotic true *** electron microscopy revealed that the formation of thylakoid membranes was inhibited in yellow *** similarity search revealed that YCO was conserved in different species,and a subcellular location assay verified that *** was located in the *** was expressed in multiple tissues,most highly in *** of *** blocked the transcription of plastid genes,especially those of photosystem genes transcribed by plastid-encoded *** sequencing showed that the majority of genes involved in ribosome assembly and photosynthesis were down-regulated in *** *** results suggested that loss of function of *** affected plastid gene transcription,which influenced chloroplast biogenesis in rapeseed seedlings.

关键词： Brassica napus Chlorophyll biosynthesis Chloroplast biogenesis Chlorotic leaves Yellow cotyledon

Genome-wide recombination variation in biparental segregating and reciprocal backcross populations provides information for introgression breeding in Brassica napus

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The Crop Journal 2023年第1期11卷 208-219页

作者： Meng Wang Graham J.King Lei Shi Ruiyuan Li Yi Zhang Xiaohua Wang Jinling Meng jinxing tu Jun Zou National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement Huazhong Agricultural UniversityWuhan 430070HubeiChina Southern Cross Plant Science Southern Cross UniversityPO Box 157LismoreNew South Wales 2480Australia Key Laboratory of Information and Computing Science of Guizhou Province Guizhou Normal UniversityGuiyang 550001GuizhouChina College of Agriculture and Forestry Science Linyi UniversityLinyi 276000ShandongChina

Variation in patterns of recombination in plant genomes provides information about species evolution,genetic diversity and crop improvement. We investigated meiotic crossovers generated in biparental segregating and reciprocal backcross populations of the allopolyploid genome of rapeseed(Brassica napus)(AACC, 2n = 38). A structured set of 1445 intercrossed lines was derived from two homozygous de novo genome-assembled parents that represented the major genetic clusters of semi-winter Chinese and winter European rapeseeds, and was used to increase QTL resolution and achieve genomic reciprocal introgression. A high-density genetic map constructed with 6161 genetic bins and anchored centromere regions was used to establish the pattern of recombination variation in each chromosome. Around 93%of the genome contained crossovers at a mean rate of 3.8 c M Mb^(-1), with the remaining 7% attributed to centromeres or low marker density. Recombination hotspots predominated in the A genome, including two-thirds of those associated with breeding introgression from B. rapa. Genetic background might affect recombination variation. Introgression of genetic diversity from European winter to Chinese semi-winter rapeseed showed an increase in crossover rate under the semi-winter environment. Evidence for an elevated recombination rate having historically contributed to selective trait improvement includes accumulation of favorable alleles for seed oil content on hotspots of chromosome A10. Conversely, strong artificial selection may affect recombination rate variation, as appears to be the case with a coldspot resulting from strong selection for glucosinolate alleles on A09. But the cold region would be promptly reactivated by crossing design indicated by the pedigree analysis. Knowledge of recombination hotspots and coldspots associated with QTL for 22 traits can guide selection strategies for introgression breeding between the two gene pools. These results and rich genomic resources

关键词： Allopolyploid Meiotic crossovers Brassica napus Historical introgression Reciprocal backcross population

Genome-wide identification and expression profiling of the YUCCA gene family in Brassica napus

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Oil Crop Science 2022年第3期7卷 103-111页

作者： Ka Zhang Jinfang Zhang Cheng Cui Liang Chai Benchuan Zheng Jun Jiang Haojie Li jinxing tu Crop Research Institute Sichuan Academy of Agricultural SciencesChengdu610066China National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement National Sub-Center of Rapeseed Improvement in WuhanCollege of Plant Science and TechnologyHuazhong Agricultural UniversityWuhan430070China

Auxin is essential for plant growth and development,also closely related to plant ***(YUC)proteins catalyse the rate-limiting step for endogenous auxin *** this study,we identified 57 Bn YUC genes in Brassica napus(rapeseed)genome,located on 17 *** them,A09 chromosome contained the most Bn YUCs as *** tree showed that all Bn YUC members were divided into 2 evolutionary clusters,including 7 *** the sub-groups,Clade I-C consisted 20 members,evolved independently from Arabidopsis thaliana,and motif 10 was *** collinearity analysis showed that YUC collinear gene pairs widely existed in Brassica species,indicating that this family has a high retention rate in the *** profile suggested that the Bn YUC family genes tended to express in specific growth/development stages as well as suffering stress/hormone *** suggested that dominant expression of specific members existed with each development stage or treatment,indicating that each Bn YUC might have a clear division of work,and play a given biological *** work was expected to build a basis for further study of the involvement of Bn YUC in growth,development and stress response.

关键词： Brassica napus YUCCA(YUC) Auxin biosynthesis Gene family Plant architecture

Bna ***1,encoding a tetratricopeptide repeat protein,is required for early chloroplast biogenesis in Brassica napus

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The Crop Journal 2022年第3期10卷 597-610页

作者： Haiyan Zhang Xiaoting Li Yebitao Yang Kaining Hu Xianming Zhou Jing Wen Bin Yi Jinxiong Shen Chaozhi Ma Tingdong Fu jinxing tu National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement Huazhong Agricultural UniversityWuhan 430070HubeiChina

Chloroplasts are essential for plant growth and development,as they play a key role in *** chloroplast biogenesis process is complex and its regulatory mechanism remains *** characterized a spontaneous Brassica napus(rapeseed)mutant,ytg,that showed a delayed greening phenotype in all green organs and retarded *** identified Bna ***1 encoding a chloroplastlocalized tetratricopeptide repeat protein widely expressed in rapeseed *** speculated that the ytg phenotype was caused by the deletion of Bna ***1 based on sequence comparison of 4608(with normal green leaves,isolated from the elite Chinese rapeseed cultivar ZS11)and ytg combined with transcriptome data and CRISPR/Cas9 gene editing *** homologous gene(Bna ***1)restored the phenotype of the *** ***1 interacted with MORF2,MORF8,and *** editing of the ndh D-2,ndh F-290,pet L-5,and ndh G-50 plastid transcripts was affected in *** findings suggested that Bna ***1 participates in RNA editing *** predicted 29 RNA editing sites in the chloroplast of Brassica napus by comparison with the Arabidopsis chloroplast *** conclude that Bna ***1 affects the posttranscriptional regulation of plastid gene expression and suggest that a tetratricopeptide repeat protein is involved in the chloroplast RNA editing in rapeseed.

关键词： Brassica napus Chloroplast MORFs RNA editing TPR

Genetic mapping of folate QTLs using a segregated population in maizeFA

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Journal of Integrative Plant Biology 2019年第6期61卷 675-690页

作者： Wenzhu Guo Tong Lian Baobao Wang Jiantao Guan Dong Yuan Huan Wang Fardous Mohammad Safiul Azam Xing Wan Weixuan Wang Qiuju Liang Haiyang Wang jinxing tu Chunyi Zhang Ling Jiang College of Plant Science and Technology Huazhong Agricultural UniversityWuhan 430070China Plant Genetics Gembloux Agro-Bio TechUniversity of LiegeGembloux 5030Belgium Biotechnology Research Institute Chinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesBeijing 100081China Institute of Crop Sciences Chinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesBeijing 100081China Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Qilu Normal UniversityJinan 250200China School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering East China University of Science and TechnologyShanghai 200237China

As essential B vitamin for humans, folates accumulation in edible parts of crops, such as maize kernels, Is of great importance for human health. But its breeding is always limited by the prohibitive cost of folate profiling. The molecular breeding is a more executable and efficient way for folate fortification, but is limited by the molecular knowledge of folate regulation. Here we report the genetic mapping of folate quantitative trait loci (QTLs) using a segregated population crossed by two maize lines, one high in folate (GEMS31) and the other low in folate (DAN3130). Two folate QTLs on chromosome 5 were obtained by the combination of F2 whole-exome sequencing and F3 kernel-folate profiling. These two QTLs had been confirmed by bulk segregant analysis using F6 pooled DNA and F7 kernel-folate profiling, and were overlapped with QTLs identified by another segregated population. These two QTLs contributed 41.6% of phenotypic variation of 5-formyltetrahydrofolate, the most abundant storage form among folate derivatives in dry maize grains, in the GEMS31×DAN3130 population. Their fine mapping and functional analysis will reveal details of folate metabolism, and provide a basis for marker-assisted breeding aimed at the enrichment of folates in maize kernels.

关键词： Genetic mapping folate QTLs using a segregated population in maize^FA

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甘蓝型油菜隐性细胞核雄性不育的研究及利用

中国科学：生命科学 2014年第8期44卷 752-757页

作者：易斌涂金星傅廷栋华中农业大学植物科学技术学院作物遗传改良国家重点实验室武汉430070

甘蓝型油菜隐性细胞核雄性不育系育性稳定、无负效应、易转育且恢复源广,在油菜杂种优势利用中被广泛利用.目前我国主要利用的隐性细胞核雄性不育系有2类:双基因隐性细胞核雄性不育以及由2对基因互作控制的核不育类型.随着这2类不育系... 详细信息

甘蓝型油菜隐性细胞核雄性不育系育性稳定、无负效应、易转育且恢复源广,在油菜杂种优势利用中被广泛利用.目前我国主要利用的隐性细胞核雄性不育系有2类:双基因隐性细胞核雄性不育以及由2对基因互作控制的核不育类型.随着这2类不育系不育基因相继被克隆,人们对甘蓝型油菜细胞核雄性不育的分子作用机理已经有一定了解.本文综述了在甘蓝型油菜核不育分子机理的研究方面的进展,在此基础上提出了繁殖甘蓝型油菜核不育系全不育系群体可行的途径,展现了油菜细胞核雄性不育杂种优势利用广阔的前景.

关键词：甘蓝型油菜隐性核不育杂种优势利用分子标记绒毡层花粉发育

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油菜品质育种现状及展望

植物遗传资源科学 2001年第4期2卷 53-58页

作者：涂金星傅廷栋华中农业大学作物遗传改良国家重点实验室武汉430070

国际油菜品质改良始于20世纪60年代,以降低油菜籽中芥酸和硫代葡萄糖苷为主要目标。随着历史的不断发展,油菜的品质改良已不再局限于这两个指标。在食用油方面,已将提高油酸、亚油酸含量,降低饱和脂肪酸和亚麻酸含量作为今后的主攻方向... 详细信息

国际油菜品质改良始于20世纪60年代,以降低油菜籽中芥酸和硫代葡萄糖苷为主要目标。随着历史的不断发展,油菜的品质改良已不再局限于这两个指标。在食用油方面,已将提高油酸、亚油酸含量,降低饱和脂肪酸和亚麻酸含量作为今后的主攻方向,使之成为最健康的食用油;在工业用油方面,高芥酸和中等长度的脂肪酸改良已逐渐展开。今后常规育种、杂种优势利用和生物技术的有机结合,将使油菜品种的改良进入到一个新的阶段。

关键词：油菜品质育种品质改良杂种优势

3种甘蓝型油菜雄性不育系花药发育的细胞学研究

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华中农业大学学报 2005年第6期24卷 570-575页

作者：龙欢姚家玲涂金星华中农业大学生命科学技术学院武汉430070 华中农业大学植物科技学院武汉430070

采用石蜡制片方法,对3种甘蓝型油菜雄性不育系及其恢复系的小孢子发生和花粉发育过程进行比较解剖学观察,以确定其花粉败育的时期和细胞学特点。研究结果表明:波里马雄性不育系花药发育受阻于孢原细胞分化期,雄蕊不能分化形成花粉囊。S... 详细信息

采用石蜡制片方法,对3种甘蓝型油菜雄性不育系及其恢复系的小孢子发生和花粉发育过程进行比较解剖学观察,以确定其花粉败育的时期和细胞学特点。研究结果表明:波里马雄性不育系花药发育受阻于孢原细胞分化期,雄蕊不能分化形成花粉囊。S45A雄性不育系花粉败育的时期发生在小孢子四分体至单核花粉期,败育的特点为小孢子细胞质液泡化,逐渐变形解体,不能进行有丝分裂形成二胞花粉,同时绒毡层细胞过度液泡化,并提早解体死亡。C022A不育系的花药在小孢子发生的不同阶段均出现败育现象,最早的败育表现为花粉母细胞的退化解体;有些因花粉母细胞减数分裂异常不能形成小孢子四分体;还有的因小孢子在四分体中不能正常释放而败育,并伴随着绒毡层细胞的畸形化、异常生长等现象。

关键词：油菜雄性不育细胞学