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Consciousness, Free Will, and the Sciences of the Mind

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Frontiers of Philosophy in China 2018年第3期13卷 394-401页

作者： Timothy o'connor Department of Philosophy Indiana University Bloomington IN 47405 USA

In his review of the trio of philosopher-scientist dialogues on the nature and capacities of the human mind, Paul Thagard （2018） advocates clearly and forcefully for a fairly extreme position, which he advances as preferable to an equally extreme alternative. I will suggest a middle path that becomes attractive when one attends not just to the range of data now pouring forth from the sciences of mind but also to our own experience as minded individuals.

关键词： consciousness free will emergence qualia dualism cognitivescience first-person perspective

早白垩世鸟类尾综骨与尾羽之间的形态协同演化（英文）

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古脊椎动物学报 2017年第4期55卷 289-314页

作者：王维邹晶梅中国科学院古脊椎动物与古人类研究所中国科学院脊椎动物演化与人类起源重点实验室北京100044 中国科学院大学北京100049

从兽脚类恐龙中爬行类的骨质长尾,到以尾综骨为终端,并附着具有空气动力学功能的扇状尾羽的短巧尾部,是早期鸟类演化中最显著的适应性转变之一。但能直接反映这一转变的化石记录匮乏,而且对中生代鸟类尾部形态结构,以及尾综骨和尾羽早... 详细信息

从兽脚类恐龙中爬行类的骨质长尾,到以尾综骨为终端,并附着具有空气动力学功能的扇状尾羽的短巧尾部,是早期鸟类演化中最显著的适应性转变之一。但能直接反映这一转变的化石记录匮乏,而且对中生代鸟类尾部形态结构,以及尾综骨和尾羽早期演化的认知也相对不足。在此对早白垩世鸟类的尾综骨形态予以概述并将其与现生鸟类尾部结构类比。本研究强调了非鸟手盗龙类中尾椎的联合骨化与早期鸟类的尾综骨实属趋同演化。本研究表明,会鸟形类、孔子鸟形类、反鸟类和今鸟型类的尾综骨结构存在明显差异。今鸟型类尾综骨和尾羽(舵羽)与现代鸟类的相似,而相对更原始的鸟类的尾综骨,从形态来看,并不能支持舵羽球状膨大和必要的肌肉附着来操控具有空气动力学功能的扇状尾羽。由此可见,舵羽球状膨大、舵羽扇面与犁铧状的尾综骨是在今鸟型类演化早期相伴相生的。相对于从前的认知,本研究还发现孔子鸟类的尾综骨与反鸟类的有更多相似之处,与二者都具有的几乎相同的装饰性尾羽相符合。

关键词：热河生物群鸟类舵羽球状膨大舵羽

Brain-derived neurotrophic factor and inflammation in depression:Pathogenic partners in crime?

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World Journal of Psychiatry 2022年第1期12卷 77-97页

作者： Grace A Porter Jason C o’connor Department of Pharmacology UT Health San AntonioSan AntonioTX 78229United States Department of Pharmacology University of Texas Health San AntonioSan AntonioTX 78229United States Audie L.Murphy VA Hospital South Texas Veterans Health SystemSan AntonioTX 78229United States

Major depressive disorder is a debilitating disorder affecting millions of people each ***-derived neurotrophic factor(BDNF)and inflammation are two prominent biologic risk.factors in the pathogenesis of depression that have received considerable *** clinical and animal studies have highlighted associations between low levels of BDNF or high levels of inflammatory mark.rs and the development of behavioral symptoms of ***,less is k.own about potential interaction between BDNF and inflammation,particularly within the central nervous *** evidence suggests that there is bidirectional regulation between these factors with important implications for the development of depressive symptoms and antidepressant *** levels of inflammatory mediators have been shown to reduce expression of BDNF,and BDNF may play an important negative regulatory role on inflammation within the *** this interaction more fully within the context of neuropsychiatric disease is important for both developing a fuller understanding of biological pathogenesis of depression and for identifying novel therapeutic *** we review these two prominent risk.factors for depression with a particular focus on pathogenic implications of their interaction.

关键词： Brain-derived neurotrophic factor Microglia Neuroinflammation Growth factors Depression

Noninvasive Label-Free Detection of Cortisol and Lactate Using Graphene Embedded Screen-Printed Electrode

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Nano-Micro Letters 2018年第3期10卷 42-51页

作者： Satish k.Tuteja connor ormsby Suresh Neethirajan BioNano Lab School of Engineering University of Guelph

A sensitive and specific immunosensor for the detection of the hormones cortisol and lactate in human or animal biological fluids, such as sweat and saliva, was devised using the label-free electrochemical chronoamperometric technique. By using these fluids instead of blood,the biosensor becomes noninvasive and is less stressful to the end user, who may be a small child or a farm *** graphene oxide(e-RGo) was used as a synergistic platform for signal amplification and template for bioconjugation for the sensing mechanism on a screenprinted electrode. The cortisol and lactate antibodies were bioconjugated to the e-RGo using covalent carbodiimide chemistry. Label-free electrochemical chronoamperometric detection was used to analyze the response to the desired biomolecules over the wide detection range. A detection limit of 0.1 ng mL^(-1) for cortisol and 0.1 mM for lactate was established and a correlation between concentration and current was observed. A portable, handheld potentiostat assembled with Bluetooth communication and battery operation enables the developed system for point-of-care applications. A sandwich-lik. structure containing the sensing mechanisms as a prototype was designed to secure the biosensor to sk.n and use capillary action to draw sweat or other fluids toward the sensing mechanism. overall, the immunosensor shows remark.ble specificity, sensitivity as well as the noninvasive and point-of-care capabilities and allows the biosensor to be used as a versatile sensing platform in both developed and developing countries.

关键词： Graphene Immunosensor Electrochemical Screen-printed electrodes Cortisol sensor

The Soft X-ray Imager(SXI)on the SMILE Mission

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Earth and Planetary Physics 2024年第1期8卷 5-14页

作者： S.Sembay A.L.Alme D.Agnolon T.Arnold A.Beardmore A.Belén Balado Margeli C.Bick.ell C.Bouldin G.Branduardi-Raymont T.Crawford J.P.Breuer T.Buggey G.Butcher R.Canchal J.A.Carter A.Cheney Y.Collado-Vega H.connor T.Crawford N.Eaton C.Feldman C.Forsyth T.Frantzen G.Galgóczi J.Garcia G.Y.Genov C.Gordillo H-P.Gröbelbauer M.Guedel Y.Guo M.Hailey D.Hall R.Hampson J.Hasiba o.Hetherington A.Holland S-Y.Hsieh M.W.J.Hubbard H.Jeszenszk. M.Jones T.k.nnedy k.k.ch-Mehrin S.k.gl S.k.uck.r k.D.k.ntz C.Lak.n G.Lak. o.Lylund A.Martindale J.Miguel Mas Hesse R.Nak.mura k.ok.avik.N.Østgaard H.ottacher R.ottensamer C.Pagani S.Parsons P.Patel J.Pearson G.Peik.rt F.S.Porter T.Pouliantis B.H.Qureshi W.Raab G.Randal A.M.Read N.M.M.Roque M.E.Rostad C.Runciman S.Sachdev A.Samsonov M.Soman D.Sibeck.S.Smit J.Søndergaard R.Speight S.Stavland M.Steller TianRan Sun J.Thornhill W.Thomas k.Ullaland B.Walsh D.Walton C.Wang S.Yang School of Physics and Astronomy University of LeicesterLeicesterLE17RHUK Space Park.Leicester University of LeicesterLeicesterLE17RHUK Mullard Space Science Laboratory University College LondonDorkingRH56NTUK Centre for Electronic Imaging Open UniversityMilton KeynesMK76 AAUK Birk.land Centre for Space Science Department of Physics and TechnologyUniv.of BergenN-5007 BergenNorway University of Vienna A-1010 ViennaAustria Space Research Institute Austrian Academy of SciencesA-8042 GrazAustria National Institute of Aerospace Technology MadridSpain ESTEC European Space Agency2201 AZ NoordwijkNetherlands State k.y Laboratory of Space Weather National Space Science CentreBeijing 100190China University of Applied Sciences and Arts Northwestern Switzerland CH-5210 WindischSwitzerland k.egl Space GmbH CH-8157 DielsdorfSwitzerland Space Acoustics GmbH CH-8157 DielsdorfSwitzerland Zurich University of Applied Sciences 8400 WinterhurSwitzerland Genov Solutions N-5172 LoddefjordNorway STM Engineering N-5165 LaksevagNorway John Hopk.ns University Applied Physics Laboratory MD 20723USA NASA/Goddard Space Flight Centre MD 20771USA Center for Space Physics Boston UniversityBostonMA 02215USA Department of Theoretical Physics and Astrophysics Masaryk University60177 BrnoCzech Republic Institute of Physics E¨otvo¨s Lor´and University1053 BudapestHungary Aerospace Information Research Institute Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100045China Centro de Astrobiologia(CAB) CSIC-INTAMadridSpain

The Soft X-ray Imager(SXI)is part of the scientific payload of the Solar wind Magnetosphere Ionosphere Link.Explorer(SMILE)*** is a joint science mission between the European Space Agency(ESA)and the Chinese Academy of Sciences(CAS)and is due for launch in *** is a compact X-ray telescope with a wide field-of-view(FoV)capable of encompassing large portions of Earth’s magnetosphere from the vantage point of the SMILE *** is sensitive to the soft X-rays produced by the Solar Wind Charge eXchange(SWCX)process produced when heavy ions of solar wind origin interact with neutral particles in Earth’s *** provides a mechanism for boundary detection within the magnetosphere,such as the position of Earth’s magnetopause,because the solar wind heavy ions have a very low density in regions of closed magnetic field *** sensitivity of the SXI is such that it can potentially track.movements of the magnetopause on timescales of a few minutes and the orbit of SMILE will enable such movements to be track.d for segments lasting many *** is led by the University of Leicester in the United k.ngdom(Uk.with collaborating organisations on hardware,software and science support within the Uk.Europe,China and the United States.

关键词： Soft X-ray Imaging micropore optics large area CCD

Mechanical and low-cycle fatigue behavior of stainless reinforcing steel for earthquak. engineering applications

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Earthquak. Engineering and Engineering Vibration 2010年第3期9卷 449-457页

作者： Yihui Zhou Yu-Chen oU George C. Lee Jerome S. o＇connor Department of Civil Structural and Environmental Engineering University at Buffalo Buffalo NY U.S.A. Department of Construction Engineering Taiwan University of Science and Technology Taipei Chinese Taiwan Department of Civil Structural and Environmental Engineering University at Buffalo Buffalo NY U.S.A. Transportation Research MCEER University at Buffalo Buffalo NY U.S.A.

Use of stainless reinforcing steel （SRS） in reinforced concrete （RC） structures is a promising solution to corrosion issues. However, for SRS to be used in seismic applications, several mechanical properties need to be investigated. These include specified and actual yield strengths, tensile strengths, uniform elongations and low-cycle fatigue behavior. Three types of SRSs （Talley S24100, Talley 316LN and Talley 2205） were tested and the results are reported in this paper. They were compared with the properties of A706 carbon reinforcing steel （RS）, which is typical for seismic applications, and MMFX II, which is a high strength, corrosion resistant RS. Low-cycle fatigue tests of the RS coupons were conducted under strain control with constant amplitude to obtain strain life models of the steels. Test results show that the SRSs have slightly lower moduli of elasticity, higher uniform elongations before neck.ng, and better low-cycle fatigue performance than A706 and MMFX II. All five types of RSs tested satisfy the requirements of the ACI 318 code on the lower limit of the tensile to yield strength ratio. Except Talley 2205, the other four types of RSs investigated meet the ACI 318 requirement that the actual yield strength does not exceed the specified yield strength by more than 18 k.i （124 MPa）. Among the three types of SRSs tested, Talley S24100 possesses the highest uniform elongation before neck.ng, and the best low-cycle fatigue performance.

关键词： Stainless reinforcing steel low-cycle fatigue seismic applications corrosion resistance

Dendritic cells in hepatitis C virus infection:k.y players in the IFNL3-genotype response

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2014年第47期20卷 17830-17838页

作者： k.te S o'connor Jacob George David Booth Golo Ahlenstiel Institute for Immunology and Allergy Research Westmead Millennium InstituteUniversity of SydneySydneyNSW 2145Australia Storr Liver Unit Westmead Millennium Institute and Westmead HospitalUniversity of SydneySydneyNSW 2145Australia

Recently,single nucleotide polymorphisms,in the vicinity of the interferon lambda 3(IFNL3)gene have been identified as the strongest predictor of spontaneous and treatment induced clearance of hepatitis C virus(HCV)*** then,increasing evidence has implicated the innate immune response in mediating the IFNL3 genotype *** cells(DCs)are k.y to the host immune response in HCV infection and their vital role in the IFNL3 genotype effect is *** have identified subclasses of DCs,particularly myeloid DC2s and potentially plasmacytoid DCs as the major producers of IFNL3 in the setting of HCV *** the complexities of dendritic cell biology and the conflicting current available data,this review aims to summarize what is currently k.own regarding the role of dendritic cells in HCV infection and to placeit into context of what is k.ow about lambda interferons and dendritic cells in general.

关键词： Hepatitis C virus Interferon lambda 3 Dendritic cells Plasmacytoid dendritic cells Myeloid dendritic cells Innate immunity

Early Birds Breathed Easy

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Bulletin of the Chinese Academy of Sciences 2018年第4期32卷 245-246页

作者： WANG Xiaoli jingmai o'connor John Maina PAN Yanhong WANG Min WANG Yan ZHENG Xiaoting ZHoU Zhonghe Linyi University IVPP University of Johannesburg Nanjing University

When think.ng of paleontology and the study of fossilized remains,we typically envision a white,petrified sk.leton lying in some desert badland,exposed by wind and ***,recent discoveries have put an ever-increasing focus on the preservation of non-sk.letal fossil remains–that is to say,the preservation of soft tissues that have remark.bly survived the test of time,sometimes hundreds of millions of years.

关键词： Early Birds Breathed Easy

Do human activities influence survival and orientation abilities of larval fishes in the ocean?

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Integrative Zoology 2015年第1期10卷 65-82页

作者： Ulrik. E.SIEBECk.Jack.o’connor Christoph BRAUN Jeffrey M.LEIS School of Biomedical Sciences The University of QueenslandBrisbaneAustralia Ichthyology The Australian MuseumSydneyAustralia Department of Environmental Studies University of Technology SydneyUltimoAustralia Institute for Marine and Antarctic Studies University of TasmaniaHobartAustralia

The larval stages of most marine fishes spend days to week. in the pelagic environment,where they must find food and avoid predators in order to *** fish only spend part of their life history in the pelagic environment before returning to their adult habitat,for example,a coral *** sensory systems of larval fish develop rapidly during the first few days of their lives,and here we concentrate on the various sensory cues the fish have available to them for survival in the pelagic *** focus on the larvae of reef fishes because most is k.own about *** also review the major threats caused by human activities that have been identified to have worldwide impact and evaluate how these threats may impact larval-fish survival and orientation *** human activities negatively affect larval-fish sensory systems or the cues the fish need to ***,this could lead to decreased numbers of larvae surviving to settlement,and,therefore,to decreased abundance of adult *** we focus on species wherein the larvae and adults occupy different habitats(pelagic and demersal,respectively),it is important to ack.owledge that the potential anthropogenic effects we identify may also apply to larvae of species lik. tuna and herring,where both larvae and adults are pelagic.

关键词： climate change larval fish pollution sensory systems teleost fish