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A CMA-ES-Based Adversarial Attack Against Black-Box Object Detectors

Chinese Journal of Electronics 2021年第3期30卷 406-412页

作者： LYU Haoran TAN Yu'an xue Yuan WANG Yajie xue jingfeng School of Computer Science and Technology Beijing Institute of Technology Academy of Military Science

Object detection is one of the essential tasks of computer vision. Object detectors based on the deep neural network have been used more and more widely in safe-sensitive applications, like face recognition, video surveillance, autonomous driving, and other tasks. It has been proved that object detectors are vulnerable to adversarial attacks. We propose a novel black-box attack method, which can successfully attack regression-based and region-based object detectors. We introduce methods to reduce search dimensions, reduce the dimension of optimization problems and reduce the number of queries by using the Covariance matrix adaptation Evolution strategy(CMA-ES) as the primary method to generate adversarial examples. Our method only adds adversarial perturbations in the object box to achieve a precise *** proposed attack can hide the specified object with an attack success rate of 86% and an average number of queries of 5, 124, and hide all objects with a success rate of74% and an average number of queries of 6, 154. Our work illustrates the effectiveness of the CMA-ES method to generate adversarial examples and proves the vulnerability of the object detectors against the adversarial attacks.

关键词： regression analysis video surveillance precise attack computer vision optimisation specified object essential tasks adversarial attacks region-based object detectors deep neural network object box adversarial perturbations primary method safe-sensitive applications attack regression-based black-box attack method CMA-ES-based adversarial attack evolutionary computation neural nets face recognition adversarial examples CMA-ES method attack success rate covariance matrices black-box object detectors object detection

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Fast Cross-Platform Binary Code Similarity Detection Framework Based on CFGs Taking Advantage of NLP and Inductive GNN

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Chinese Journal of Electronics 2024年第1期33卷 128-138页

作者： Jinxue PENG Yong WANG jingfeng xue Zhenyan LIU School of Computer Science and Technology Beijing Institute of Technology

Cross-platform binary code similarity detection aims at detecting whether two or more pieces of binary code are similar or not. Existing approaches that combine control flow graphs(CFGs)-based function representation and graph convolutional network(GCN)-based similarity analysis are the best-performing ones. Due to a large amount of convolutional computation and the loss of structural information, the use of convolution networks will inevitably bring problems such as high overhead and sometimes inaccuracy. To address these issues, we propose a fast cross-platform binary code similarity detection framework that takes advantage of natural language processing(NLP)and inductive graph neural network(GNN) for basic blocks embedding and function representation respectively by simulating extracting structural features and temporal features. GNN’s node-centric and small batch is a suitable training way for large CFGs, it can greatly reduce computational overhead. Various NLP basic block embedding models and GNNs are evaluated. Experimental results show that the scheme with long short term memory(LSTM)for basic blocks embedding and inductive learning-based Graph SAGE(GAE) for function representation outperforms the state-of-the-art works. In our framework, we can take only 45% overhead. Improve efficiency significantly with a small performance trade-off.

关键词： Training Semantics Process control Binary codes Feature extraction Natural language processing Graph neural networks

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Semi-valid Fuzz Testing Case Generation for Stateful Network Protocol

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Tsinghua Science and Technology 2017年第5期22卷 458-468页

作者： Rui Ma Shuaimin Ren Ke Ma Changzhen Hu jingfeng xue the Beiiing Key Laboratory of Software Security Engineering Technology School of SoftwareBeijing Institute of TechnologyBering 100081China the Internet Center Institute of Communication Standard Research.China Academy of Information and Communication TechnologyBering 100191China

Network protocols are divided into stateless and stateful. Stateful network protocols have complex communication interactions and state transitions. However, the existing network protocol fuzzing does not support state transitions very well. This paper focuses on this issue and proposes the Semi-valid Fuzzing for the Stateful Network Protocol （SFSNP）. The SFSNP analyzes protocol interactions and builds an extended finite state machine with a path marker for the network protocol; then it obtains test sequences of the extended finite state machine, and further performs the mutation operation using the semi-valid algorithm for each state transition in the test sequences; finally, it obtains fuzzing sequences. Moreover, because different test sequences may have the same state transitions, the SFSNP uses the state transition marking algorithm to reduce redundant test cases. By using the stateful rule tree of the protocol, the SFSNP extracts the constraints in the protocol specifications to construct semi-valid fuzz testing cases within the sub-protocol domain, and finally forms fuzzing sequences. Experimental results indicate that the SFSNP is reasonably effective at reducing the quantity of generated test cases and improving the quality of fuzz testing cases. The SFSNP can reduce redundancy and shorten testing time.

关键词： network protocol fuzzing extended finite state machine test sequence state transition markingalgorithm semi-valid algorithm

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Software System Evolution Analysis Method Based on Algebraic Topology

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Tsinghua Science and Technology 2018年第5期23卷 599-609页

作者： Chun Shan Liyuan Liu jingfeng xue Changzhen Hu Hongjin Zhu School of Software Beijing Institute of Technology Beijing 100081 China

The analysis of software system evolution is highly significant in software research as the evolution runs throughout the lifecycle of a software system. Considering a software system as an algebraic engineering system, we propose a software system evolution analysis method based on algebraic topology. First, from a complex network perspective, we abstract a software system into the software structural topology diagram. Then, based on the algebraic topology principle, we abstract each node in the software structural topology diagram into an algebraic component represented by a 6-tuple. We propose three kinds of operation relationships between two algebraic components, so that the software system can be abstracted into an algebraic expression of components. In addition, we propose three forms of software system evolution, which help to analyze the structure and evolution of system software and facilitate its maintenance and reconfiguration.

关键词： software structural topology diagram algebraic component topological complex evolution

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Test Data Generation for Stateful Network Protocol Fuzzing Using a Rule-Based State Machine

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Tsinghua Science and Technology 2016年第3期21卷 352-360页

作者： Rui Ma Daguang Wang Changzhen Hu Wendong Ji jingfeng xue Beijing Key Laboratory of Software Security Engineering Technology School of Software Beijing Institute of Technology

To improve the efficiency and coverage of stateful network protocol fuzzing, this paper proposes a new method, using a rule-based state machine and a stateful rule tree to guide the generation of fuzz testing data. The method first builds a rule-based state machine model as a formal description of the states of a network protocol. This removes safety paths, to cut down the scale of the state space. Then it uses a stateful rule tree to describe the relationship between states and messages, and then remove useless items from it. According to the message sequence obtained by the analysis of paths using the stateful rule tree and the protocol specification, an abstract data model of test case generation is defined. The fuzz testing data is produced by various generation algorithms through filling data in the fields of the data model. Using the rule-based state machine and the stateful rule tree, the quantity of test data can be reduced. Experimental results indicate that our method can discover the same vulnerabilities as traditional approaches, using less test data, while optimizing test data generation and improving test efficiency.

关键词： fuzzing stateful network protocol test data generation rule-based state machine stateful rule tree

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Design and validation of a variable camber wing structure

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Chinese Journal of Aeronautics 2024年第2期37卷 1-11页

作者： Xiasheng SUN jingfeng xue Jin ZHOU Zhigang WANG Wenjuan WANG Mengjie ZHANG Chinese Aeronautical Establishment Beijing 100012China School of Aeronautic Science and Engineering Beihang UniversityBeijing 100191China Aircraft Strength Research Institute of China Xi’an 710065China Graduate School of Chinese Aeronautical Establishment Yangzhou 225002China

Variable camber wing technology is one of the important development trends of green aviation at *** smooth,seamless,continuous and adaptive change of wing camber,the aerodynamic performance is improved in achieving increase in lift and reduction in resistance and *** on the aerodynamic validation model CAE-AVM,Chinese Aeronautical Establishment(CAE)has carried out the design and validation of a variable camber wing,proposed an aerodynamic deformation matrix for the leading and trailing edges of aircraft wings in takeoff,landing and cruise *** structures and driving schemes are compared,and several key technology problems of leading and trailing edge deformation are solved.A full-size leading edge wind tunnel test piece with a span of 2.7 m and a trailing edge ground function test piece are *** deformation and shape maintenance capabilities of the leading edge is verified under real wind load conditions,and the load bearing and deformation capabilities of the trailing edge is verified under simulated follow-on *** results indicate that the leading and trailing edges of the variable camber wing can achieve the required deformation angle and have a certain load-bearing *** study can provide some insights into the application of variable camber wing technology for civil aircraft.

关键词： Variable camber wing Leading edge Trailing edge Structure Measurement and control Test

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WCM-WTrA: A Cross-Project Defect Prediction Method Based on Feature Selection and Distance-Weight Transfer Learning

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Chinese Journal of Electronics 2022年第2期31卷 354-366页

作者： LEI Tianwei xue jingfeng WANG Yong NIU Zequn SHI Zhiwei ZHANG Yu School of Computer Science and Technology Beijing Institute of Technology China Information Technology Security Evaluation Center School of Electrical and Information Engineering Beijing University of Civil Engineering and Architecture

Cross-project defect prediction is a hot topic in the field of defect prediction. How to reduce the difference between projects and make the model have better accuracy is the core problem. This paper starts from two perspectives: feature selection and distance-weight instance transfer. We reduce the differences between projects from the perspective of feature engineering and introduce the transfer learning technology to construct a cross-project defect prediction model WCM-WTrA and multi-source model Multi-WCM-WTrA. We have tested on AEEEM and ReLink datasets, and the results show that our method has an average improvement of 23%compared with TCA+ algorithm on AEEEM datasets,and an average improvement of 5% on ReLink datasets.

关键词： feature engineering cross-project defect prediction software defect prediction project management feature selection learning (artificial intelligence) software maintenance WCM-WTrA distance-weight transfer learning software quality distance-weight instance transfer multisource model MultiWCM-WTrA

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A Practical Online Approach to Protecting Kernel Heap Buffers in Kernel Modules

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China Communications 2016年第11期13卷 143-152页

作者： Donghai Tian Xiaoqi Jia Junhua Chen Changzhen Hu jingfeng xue Beijing Key Laboratory of Software Security Engineering Technique School of SoftwareBeijing Institute of Technology Shanghai Key Laboratory of Integrated Administration Technologies for Information Security Shanghai Jiao Tong University State Key Laboratory of Information Security Institute of Information EngineeringChinese Academy of Sciences & University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Key Laboratory of IOT Application Technology of Universities in Yunnan Province Yunnan Minzu University

Heap overflow attack is one of the major memory corruption attacks that have become prevalent for decades. To defeat this attack,many protection methods are proposed in recent years. However,most of these existing methods focus on user-level heap overflow detection. Only a few methods are proposed for kernel heap protection. Moreover,all these kernel protection methods need modifying the existing OS kernel so that they may not be adopted in practice. To address this problem,we propose a lightweight virtualization-based solution that can protect the kernel heap buffers allocated for the target kernel modules. The key idea of our approach is to combine the static binary analysis and virtualization technology to trap a memory allocation operation of the target kernel module,and then add one secure canary word to the end of the allocated buffer. After that,a monitor process is launched to check the integrity of the canaries. The evaluations show that our system can detect kernel heap overflow attacks effectively with minimal performance cost.

关键词： kernel heap overflow virtualization technology kernel module

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An Improved ID-Based Group Key Agreement Protocol

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Tsinghua Science and Technology 2014年第5期19卷 421-428页

作者： Kangwen Hu jingfeng xue Changzhen Hu Rui Ma Zhiqiang Li School of Software Beijing Institute of Technology

ID-based constant-round group key agreement protocols are efficient in both computation and communication, but previous protocols did not provide valid message authentication. An improvement based on attack analysis is proposed in this paper. The improved method takes full advantage of the data transmitted at various stages of the protocol. By guaranteeing the freshness of authentication messages, the authenticity of the generator of authentication messages, and the completeness of the authenticator, the improved protocol can resist various passive and active attacks. The forward secrecy of the improved protocol is proved under a Katz-Yung （KY） model. Compared with existing methods, the improved protocol is more effective and applicable.

关键词： group key agreement protocol ID forward secrecy nonsuper-singular elliptic curve

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QARF: A Novel Malicious Traffic Detection Approach via Online Active Learning for Evolving Traffic Streams

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Chinese Journal of Electronics 2024年第3期33卷 645-656页

作者： Zequn NIU jingfeng xue Yong WANG Tianwei LEI Weijie HAN Xianwei GAO School of Computer Science and Technology Beijing Institute of Technology School of Space Information Space Engineering University

In practical abnormal traffic detection scenarios,traffic often appears as drift,imbalanced and rare labeled streams,and how to effectively identify malicious traffic in such complex situations has become a challenge for malicious traffic *** have extensive studies on malicious traffic detection with single challenge,but the detection of complex traffic has not been widely *** adaptive random forests(QARF) is proposed to detect traffic streams with concept drift,imbalance and lack of labeled *** is an online active learning based approach which combines adaptive random forests method and adaptive margin sampling *** achieves querying a small number of instances from unlabeled traffic streams to obtain effective *** conduct experiments using the NSL-KDD dataset to evaluate the performance of *** is compared with other state-of-the-art *** experimental results show that QARF obtains 98.20% accuracy on the NSL-KDD *** performs better than other state-of-the-art methods in comparisons.

关键词： Training Streams Random forests

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