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Measurement of ice flow velocities from GPS positions logged by short-period seismographs in East Antarctica

Science China Earth Sciences 2021年第8期64卷 1381-1389页

作者： Lei FU jingxue guo Xiaofei CHEN Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Deep Offshore Oil and Gas Exploration Technology Southern University of Science and TechnologyShenzhen 518055China Department of Earth and Space Sciences Southern University of Science and TechnologyShenzhen 518055China Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory(Guangzhou) Guangzhou 511458China Key Laboratory for Polar Science MNRPolar Research Institute of ChinaShanghai 200136China

The ice flow velocity is a basic feature of glaciers and ice sheets. Measuring ice flow velocities is very important for estimating the mass balance of ice sheets in the Arctic and Antarctic. Traditional methods for measuring ice flow velocity include the use of stakes, snow pits and on-site geodetic GPS and remote sensing measurement methods. Geodetic GPS measurements have high accuracy, but geodetic GPS monitoring points only sparsely cover the Antarctic ice sheets. Moreover, the resolution and accuracy of ice flow velocities based on remote sensing measurements are low. Although the accuracy of the location data recorded by the navigation-grade GPS receivers embedded in short-period seismographs is not as good as that of geodetic GPS,the ice flow velocity can be accurately measured by these navigation-grade GPS data collected over a sufficiently long period. In this paper, navigation-grade GPS location data obtained by passive seismic observations during the 36 th Chinese National Antarctic Research Expedition were used to accurately track the movement characteristics of the ice sheet in the Larsemann Hills of East Antarctica and the Taishan Station area. The results showed that the ice sheet in the two study areas is basically moving northwestward with an average ice flow velocity of approximately 1 m mon-1. The results in the Taishan Station area are basically consistent with the geodetic GPS results, indicating that it is feasible to use the embedded GPS location data from shortperiod seismographs to track the movement characteristics of ice sheets. The ice flow characteristics in the Larsemann Hills are more complex. The measured ice flow velocities in the Larsemann Hills with a resolution of 200 m help to understand its characteristics. In summary, the ice flow velocities derived from GPS location data are of great significance for studying ice sheet dynamics and glacier mass balance and for evaluating the systematic errors caused by ice sheet movements in s

关键词： Short-period seismograph Antarctic ice sheet Ice flow velocity GPS

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10Be exposure ages of Quaternary Glaciers in Antarctica

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Research in Cold and Arid Regions 2021年第4期13卷 292-298页

作者： WangJing Ni ZhiGang Zhang jingxue guo XueYuan Tang School of Teacher Education Nanjing Normal UniversityNanjingJiangsu 210023China School of Geographical Sciences Nanjing Normal UniversityNanjingJiangsu 210023China Key Laboratory of Virtual Geographic Environment(Nanjing Normal University) Ministry of EducationNanjingJiangsu 210023China Jiangsu Center for Collaborative Innovation in Geographical Information Resource Development and Application NanjingJiangsu 210023China State Key Laboratory of Cryospheric Sciences Northwest Insititute of Eco-Environment and ResourcesChinese Academy of SciencesLanzhouGansu 730000China Polar Research Institute of China 451 Jinqiao RoadPudongShanghai 200136China

In situ terrestrial cosmogenic nuclide(TCN)has been widely applied to date the ages of Quaternary glacial deposits in Antarctica and plays an important role in reconstructing the glacial evolution and climate *** helps to under‐stand the Antarctic ice sheet's evolution process in Quaternary and shed light on the application of Cosmogenic Nu‐clide exposure dating technique in Glacial *** this paper,we retrieved 49510Be age samples in Ant‐arctica from literature published between 2004 and 2020 and recalculated the TCN ages using version 3.0 online cal‐culator of Cosmic-Ray Produced Nuclide Systematics on Earth(CRONUS-Earth).Several conclusions can be drawn from the results:(1)75%of the exposure ages are younger than 400 ka,and 91%younger than 1,100 *** Antarctic Peninsula exposure result is visibly younger than the main glaciers in East Antarctica due to climate change and geological evaluation since the LGM(Last Glacial Maximum).(2)TCN ages are relevant to the samples'relative positions in the Antarctic continent,but a relationship between their ages and elevations is yet to be determined based on the collected data.

关键词： 10Be in situ terrestrial cosmogenic nuclides Antarctica

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Fhe application of electromagnetic-induction on the measurement of sea ice thickness in the Antarctic

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Applied Geophysics 2007年第3期4卷 214-220页

作者： guo jingxue Sun Bo Tian Gang College of GeoExploration Science and Technology Jilin University Changchun 130026 China Polar Research Institute Center of China Shanghai 200136 China Department of Earth Science Zhejiang University Hangzhou 310027 China

As an important component of the cryosphere, sea ice is very sensitive to climate change. The study of sea ice physics needs accurate sea ice thickness. This paper presents an electromagnetic induction （EM） technique which can be used to measure the sea ice thickness distribution efficiently and its successful application in the Antarctic Neila Fjord. Based on the electrical properties of sea ice and seawater and the application of electromagnetic field theory, this technique can accurately detect the distance between the EM instrument and the ice/water interface to measure the sea ice thickness. Analyzing the apparent conductivity data obtained by the electromagnetic induction technique and drill-hole measurements at same location allows the construction of a transform equation for the apparent conductivity and sea ice thickness. The verification of the calculated sea ice thickness using this equation indicates that the electromagnetic induction technique is able to determine reliable sea ice thickness with an average relative error of only 5.5%. The ice thickness profiles show the sea ice distribution in Neila Fjord is basically level with a thickness of 0.8 - 1.4 m.

关键词： electromagnetic induction apparent conductivity sea ice thickness drill-hole measurement the Antarctic.

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Ice radar investigation at Dome A, East Antarctica:Ice thickness and subglacial topography

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Chinese Science Bulletin 2010年第4期55卷 425-431页

作者： CUI XiangBin SUN Bo TIAN Gang TANG XueYuan ZHANG XiangPei JIANG YunYun guo jingxue LI Xin Department of Earth Science Zhejiang University Hangzhou 310027 China Polar Research Institute of China Shanghai 200136 China

Dome A, located in the central East Antarctic ice sheet (EAIS), is the highest summit of the Antarctic ice sheet. From ice-sheet evolution modeling results, Dome A is likely to preserve over one million years of the Earth's paleo-climatic and -environmental records, and considered an ideal deep ice core drilling site. Ice thickness and subglacial topography are critical factors for ice-sheet models to determine the timescale and location of a deep ice core. During the 21st and 24th Chinese National Antarctic Research Expedition (CHINARE 21, 2004/05; CHINARE 24, 2007/08), ground-based ice radar systems were used to a three-dimensional investigation in the central 30 km×30 km region at Dome A. The successfully obtained high resolution and accuracy data of ice thickness and subglacial topography were then interpolated into the ice thickness distribution and subglacial topography digital elevation model (DEM) with a regular grid resolution of 140.5 m×140.5 m. The results of the ice radar investigation indicate that the average ice thickness in the Dome A central 30 km×30 km region is 2233 m, with a minimal ice thickness of 1618 m and a maximal ice thickness of 3139 m at Kunlun Station. The subglacial topography is relatively sharp, with an elevation range of 949-2445 m. The typical, clear mountain glaciation morphology is likely to reflect the early evolution of the Antarctic ice sheet. Based on the ice thickness distribution and subglacial topography characteristics, the location of Kunlun Station was suggested to carry out the first high-resolution, long time-scale deep ice core drilling. However, the internal structure and basal environments at Kunlun Station still need further research to determine.

关键词：冰下地形东南极洲冰穹雷达厚度冰层

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Preliminary results of ice radar investigation along the traverse between Zhongshan and Dome A in East Antarctic ice sheet:Ice thickness and subglacial topography

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Chinese Science Bulletin 2010年第24期55卷 2715-2722页

作者： CUI XiangBin SUN Bo TIAN Gang TANG XueYuan ZHANG XiangPei JIANG YunYun guo jingxue LI Xin Polar Research Institute of China Shanghai 200136 China Department of Earth Science Zhejiang University Hangzhou 310027 China

During the 24th Chinese National Antarctic Research Expedition(CHINARE 24,2007/08),a ground-based ice radar was used to survey ice thickness and subglacial topography along the 1170 km traverse between Zhongshan and Dome A in East Antarctic ice sheet(EAIS).Ice-bedrock interface was detected along 82%of the traverse and data was collected at a horizontal resolution of <5.6 *** data was processed to produce curves of ice thickness distribution and subglacial topography along the *** results indicate that,along the traverse,the average ice thickness is 2037 m,smaller than the average ice thickness in EAIS;the thickest ice is at 730 km,and the thinnest ice(891 m)is at the edge of the ice sheet,but the slightly larger ice thickness(1078 m) in inland appears at 1020 km;the average subglacial topography elevation is 728 m,greatly larger than the average value in EAIS, and the largest elevation reaches up to 2650 m at 1034 *** lowest terrain is located at 765 *** further inland of 900?1170 km,the subglacial topography is relatively high due to the existence of the Gamburtsev Subglacial Mountains in the ***,the influence of subglacial topography on ice surface is not significant,except at 900 km where great rise of subglacial topography causes evident uplift of ice *** ice-bedrock interface was detected,the frequent and strong change of ice thickness and subglacial topography in small-scale means large bedrock roughness along the traverse,and is considered as the result of the integrated influence of ice flow,basal environments and *** segment where bedrock was not detected has very large ice *** strong ice flow there also makes internal structure more complicated and induces serious attenuation of radar signals.

关键词：冰下地形东南极洲雷达测量冰厚度冰穹遍历冰盖中山

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Assessment and application of electromagnetic induction method to measure Arctic sea ice thickness

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Advances in Polar Science 2015年第4期26卷 292-298页

作者： guo jingxue WANG Huajun SUN Bo Polar Glaciology Division Polar Research Institute of China School of Earth Sciences Zhejiang University

The electromagnetic induction method is widely used to measure sea ice thickness. Based on the electrical properties of sea ice and seawater, the method measures the apparent conductivity, which represents the conductivity of the half-space, and calculates the thickness of the sea ice. During the fourth Chinese National Arctic Research Expedition in summer 2010, an integrated electromagnetic induction system was set up on the icebreaker R/V XUE LONG to measure sea ice thickness along the ship＇s tracks to the north of the Chukchi Sea. The conductivities of sea ice, seawater, and brine were measured and a simple forward model was used to explain the effect of changes in those conductivities on the apparent conductivity over a horizontal layered structure. The results of this analysis indicated that when using the electromagnetic induction method to measure sea ice thickness, the conductivity of sea ice could be neglected and the conductivity of seawater could be treated as a constant. The ice distribution results derived from the electromagnetic induction method showed that the typical sea ice thickness was 160 cm and 90 cm during the outbound and the return legs of the voyage, respectively.

关键词： sea ice thickness electromagnetic induction forward calculation conductivity Arctic

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Chinese radioglaciological studies on the Antarctic ice sheet: progress and prospects

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Advances in Polar Science 2017年第3期28卷 161-170页

作者： CUI Xiangbin WANG Tiantian SUN Bo TANG Xueyuan guo jingxue Polar Research Institute of China

Chinese radioglaciological studies on the Antarctic ice sheet(AIS) began in 2004/05 when the 21 st Chinese National Antarctic Research Expedition(CHINARE 21) team arrived at Dome A for the first time and radio echo sounding(RES) was conducted along the inland traverse and in the Dome A region. Subsequently, more field surveys were conducted along the traverse and in the Dome A region using different radar systems targeting different scientific purposes, such as revealing the landscape of the Gamburtsev Subglacial Mountains by detailed grid RES, or locating a deep ice core drilling site by mapping and studying internal structures, bedrock topography and subglacial conditions in the Dome A region. Furthermore, the evolution of the AIS was inferred from the typical mountain glaciation topography beneath Dome A, and the age of the deep ice core at Kunlun Station was estimated through numerical modeling. Recently, the Snow Eagle 601 airplane was acquired and an airborne geophysical system was constructed to survey the AIS in Princess Elizabeth Land during CHINARE 32(2015/16) and CHINARE 33(2016/17) in order to fill the large data gap there. In this paper, we review both the recent progress of Chinese radioglaciological science in Antarctica and future proposed work.

关键词： Antarctic ice sheet radioglaciology Snow Eagle radio echo sounding Chinese Antarctic Expedition

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最小二乘Kirchhoff射线束叠前时间偏移

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地球物理学报 2021年第5期64卷 1690-1698页

作者：刘俊成陈祥忠郭井学王瑞星惠梦琳黄申硕吉林大学地球探测科学与技术学院长春130026 北京桔灯地球物理勘探股份有限公司北京102200 中国极地研究中心上海200129

最小二乘偏移可以消除非规则采集、带限子波等因素对偏移结果的不利影响,提高成像剖面的分辨率和照明度,但巨大的计算成本严重制约了该方法的应用前景.本文基于地震数据的局部平面波合成/分解策略,对传统Kirchhoff时间正演/偏移的计算... 详细信息

最小二乘偏移可以消除非规则采集、带限子波等因素对偏移结果的不利影响,提高成像剖面的分辨率和照明度,但巨大的计算成本严重制约了该方法的应用前景.本文基于地震数据的局部平面波合成/分解策略,对传统Kirchhoff时间正演/偏移的计算过程进行改进,发展了一种快速的最小二乘Kirchhoff射线束叠前时间偏移方法.同需要逐道数据映射运算的常规最小二乘Kirchhoff叠前时间偏移相比,本文方法不但具备相当的成像精度和反演收敛速度,同时由于数据的正/反向映射运算只需在稀疏的射线束中心位置进行,因此计算效率得到了大幅度的提升.文中给出的模型和实际数据算例证明了本方法的正确性和有效性.

关键词：最小二乘偏移局部平面波时间偏移

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基于联邦学习的中山站移动传感单元启发式路径规划算法研究

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极地研究 2023年第3期35卷 392-404页

作者：王煜尘祝标郭井学窦银科姚旭孙阳太原理工大学电气与动力工程学院山西太原030024 中国极地研究中心(中国极地研究所) 上海200136

启发式算法被广泛用于移动巡检单元的路径规划中。然而在一些特殊场合(例如南极中山站),有限的通信带宽、能源和计算能力要求移动巡检单元在路径规划算法中更有效率。为了解决上述困难,本研究提出了1个网络交换和分布式通信设施的设计方... 详细信息

启发式算法被广泛用于移动巡检单元的路径规划中。然而在一些特殊场合(例如南极中山站),有限的通信带宽、能源和计算能力要求移动巡检单元在路径规划算法中更有效率。为了解决上述困难,本研究提出了1个网络交换和分布式通信设施的设计方案,并将其作为实现数字孪生传感网络的基础。同时,本研究提出了1种改进型灰狼优化的路径规划算法,结合联邦学习机制,以提高路径规划算法的效率,减少资源消耗。通过一系列的仿真研究和南极中山站现场试验,验证了该算法在启发式全局路径规划、规划成本评估和区域动态路径规划方面取得了良好的性能。本研究设计的硬件平台功能符合实际任务要求,新型启发式路径规划算法优于同类其他算法,联邦学习机制提高了规划算法中参数设置的效率,算法模型使南极中山站移动巡检单元的路径规划更加高效和可靠。

关键词：路径规划启发式算法南极中山站联邦学习

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中国第四次北极科学考察EM31-ICE走航海冰厚度数据分析

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极地研究 2012年第1期24卷 47-52页

作者：王杰郭井学王华军孙波田钢浙江大学地球科学系浙江杭州310027 中国极地研究中心上海200136

利用EM31-ICE电磁感应仪与激光测距仪、声纳等设备在中国第四次北极科学考察过程对海冰厚度进行走航观测,通过对数据预处理获得了海冰厚度数据,结合长期冰站上采集的多组冰厚样本,获得EM31-ICE的各项校正参数。同时通过对异常数据的分... 详细信息

利用EM31-ICE电磁感应仪与激光测距仪、声纳等设备在中国第四次北极科学考察过程对海冰厚度进行走航观测,通过对数据预处理获得了海冰厚度数据,结合长期冰站上采集的多组冰厚样本,获得EM31-ICE的各项校正参数。同时通过对异常数据的分析以及小波去噪、统计处理等方法,得出最终的解释结果:在去程时海冰厚度主要分布在0.5—2.5 m之间,而返程时的海冰厚度有明显变薄的倾向,主要分布在0.5—2.0 m之间。在高纬度地区海冰厚度明显大于低纬度地区,并且在高纬度地区海冰厚度统计图中常出现两个波峰,而低纬度地区常是一个波峰。在整个去程与返程过程中,超过4 m厚的海冰不到1%。

关键词：北极海冰厚度走航观测 EM31-ICE 小波去噪

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