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mHealth as a health system strengthening tool in China

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International Journal of Nursing Sciences 2020年第S01期7卷 19-22页

作者： Maoyi tian Xinyi zhang jing zhang The George Institute for Global Health at Peking University Health Science Centre BeijingChina The George Institute for Global Health University of New South WalesSydneyAustralia School of Public Health University of New South WalesAustralia

Over the past 70 years,there was a rapid epidemiological transition in disease burden in China,from infectious disease to non-communicable diseases(NCDs),which requires long-term prevention and management.Rapid growth in mobile phone use,internet connectivity and digital health technology,presents new opportunities for improvement in NCD healthcare delivery and population-based outcomes.Although there were a growing number of research to evaluate the feasibility and effectiveness of the mobile health(mHealth)interventions for NCD management,the extent to which mHealth contributes towards the health system strengthening in China remains unknown.In this paper,we provided a high-level overview of mHealth in China and its role for Chinese health system strengthening.We conclude with several recommendations for the future of mHealth research in China based on existing evidence identified.

关键词： Cell phone use China Delivery of health care Digital health Internet Non-communicable diseases Telemedicine

Effectiveness of resilience-promoting interventions in adolescents with diabetes mellitus:a systematic review and meta-analysis

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World Journal of Pediatrics 2023年第4期19卷 323-339页

作者： Yi Wu Yi-Yun zhang Ya-Ting zhang Hui-jing zhang tian-Xue Long Qi zhang jing Huang Ming-Zi Li Peking University Health Science Center 38 Huayuan RoadHaidian DistrictBeijing100191China School of Nursing Peking UniversityBeijingChina Peking University Health Science Centre for Evidence-Based Nursing A Joanna Briggs Institute Affiliated GroupBeijingChina School of Nursing Jilin UniversityChangchunChina

Background This study aimed to analyze the efficacy of resilience-promoting interventions among adolescents and youth aged 10-24 years with any type of diabetes.Methods A systematic literature search was performed using the PubMed,Web of Science,Embase,Cochrane Library,CINAHL,and PsycINFO databases from inception to May 25,2022.The Cochrane risk of bias tool(version 2)was used to assess the quality of the included studies.A meta-analysis was performed to calculate the pooled effects of resilience-promoting interventions.Results Nineteen articles were included covering an overall sample of 2048 adolescents with diabetes.When analyzing the effectiveness of resilience-promoting interventions,hemoglobin A1c(HbA1c)at six months[mean difference=-0.47,95%confidence interval(CI)=-0.83 to-0.12,P=0.009]after the intervention was improved.However,long-term(≥12 months)improvement in HbA1c was not significant.In addition,comparing the control group,there were significant differences in the effect size for stress[standardized mean difference(SMD)=-0.87,95%CI=-1.25 to-0.48,P<0.05],self-efficacy(SMD=0.50,95%CI=0.02-0.98,P=0.04)and quality of life(SMD=0.27,95%CI=0.03-0.51,P=0.03).Conclusions Resilience-promoting intervention is a promising way for adolescent diabetes management to improve HbA1c,stress,self-efficacy,and quality of life.Incorporating resilience-promoting components into diabetes education and re-enforcing these contents every six months are recommended for implementation in clinical practice.

关键词： Adolescents Diabetes mellitus Intervention Meta-analysis Resilience

Robust adaptive radar beamforming based on iterative training sample selection using kurtosis of generalized inner product statistics

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Journal of Systems Engineering and Electronics 2024年第1期35卷 24-30页

作者： tian jing zhang Wei School of Information and Electronics Beijing Institute of TechnologyBeijing 100081China National Key Laboratory of Electromagnetic Space Security Chengdu 610036China

In engineering application,there is only one adaptive weights estimated by most of traditional early warning radars for adaptive interference suppression in a pulse reputation interval(PRI).Therefore,if the training samples used to calculate the weight vector does not contain the jamming,then the jamming cannot be removed by adaptive spatial filtering.If the weight vector is constantly updated in the range dimension,the training data may contain target echo signals,resulting in signal cancellation effect.To cope with the situation that the training samples are contaminated by target signal,an iterative training sample selection method based on non-homogeneous detector(NHD)is proposed in this paper for updating the weight vector in entire range dimension.The principle is presented,and the validity is proven by simulation results.

关键词： adaptive radar beamforming training sample selection non-homogeneous detector electronic jamming jamming suppression

Impacts of heterogeneous CO_(2)on water and carbon fluxes across the global land surface

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International Journal of Digital Earth 2021年第9期14卷 1175-1193页

作者： jing tian Yongqiang zhang Xuanze zhang Key Laboratory of Water Cycle and Related Land Surface Processes Institute of Geographical Sciences and Natural Resources Research(IGSNRR)Chinese Academy of Sciences(CAS)BeijingPeople’s Republic of China

Over the recent decades,the increase of atmospheric carbon dioxide(CO_(2))concentration has caused large effects on the earth system.However,few studies have paid attention to the effects of heterogeneity of CO_(2)on the biosphere and the hydrosphere.Using a coupled diagnostic biophysical model(PML-V2)and comparing three heterogeneous CO_(2)datasets(GOSAT,CMIP6 and CarbonTracker)against a baseline homogeneous data(ESRL),this study investigated the effects of heterogeneous CO_(2)on gross primary production(GPP),actual evapotranspiration(ET)and water use efficiency(WUE)across the global.The results show that among the three heterogeneity CO_(2),CarbonTracker produced the highest CO_(2)concentration and showed the largest difference in ET(−6%to 2%),GPP(−2%to 5%)and WUE(4%to 11%)compared to those from the baseline.The most effects of the CO_(2)heterogeneity occurred in summer.Russia was identified as a vulnerable region with prominent decrease in GPP and an increase in ET due to CO_(2)heterogeneity.An obvious increase in GPP and a decrease in ET appeared in the Amazon rainforest,the Congo rainforest,and eastern Asia.On global scale,the effects of the CO_(2)heterogeneity on ET/GPP/WUE were not significant.

关键词： Global CO_(2)heterogeneity evapotranspiration gross primary production water use efficiency

MICROBIAL NECROMASS WITHIN AGGREGATES STABILIZES PHYSICALLY-PROTECTED C RESPONSE TO CROPLAND MANAGEMENT

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Frontiers of Agricultural Science and Engineering 2023年第2期10卷 198-209页

作者： Ranran ZHOU jing tian Zhengling CUI Fusuo zhang College of Resources and Environmental Sciences National Academy of Agriculture Green DevelopmentKey Laboratory of Plant-Soil Interactions(Ministry of Education)China Agricultural UniversityBeijing 100193China

The interactions of soil microorganisms and structure regulate the degradation and stabilization processes of soil organic carbon(SOC). Microbial necromass is a persistent component of SOC, and its magnitude of accumulation dependent on management and aggregate sizes. A meta-analysis of 121 paired measurements was conducted to evaluate the management effects on contributions of microbial necromass to SOC depending on aggregate fractions. Results showed that the contribution of fungal necromass to SOC increased with aggregate sizes, while bacterial necromass had a higher proportion in silt and clay. Cropland management increased total and fungal necromass in large macroaggregates(47.1% and 45.6%), small macroaggregates(44.0% and 44.2%), and microaggregates(38.9% and 37.6%).Cropland management increased bacterial necromass independent of aggregate fraction sizes. Greater fungal necromass was increased in macroaggregates in response to manure(26.6% to 28.5%) and no or reduced tillage(68.0% to 73.5%). Cover crops increased bacterial necromass by 25.1%in small macroaggregates. Stimulation of microbial necromass was proportional to the increases of SOC within soil aggregates, and the correlation was higher in macroaggregates. Increasing microbial necromass accumulation in macroaggregates can, therefore, be considered as a central component of management strategies that aim to accelerate C sequestration in agricultural soils.

关键词： cropland management microbial necromass soil aggregates soil carbon sequestration soil organic matter

Treatment patterns and survival outcomes in patients with nonmetastatic early-onset pancreatic cancer

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2024年第12期30卷 1739-1750页

作者： Le-tian zhang Ying zhang Bi-Yang Cao Chen-Chen Wu jing Wang Graduate School Chinese PLA Medical SchoolBeijing 100853China Department of Radiation Oncology First Medical Center of Chinese PLA General HospitalBeijing 100853China Department of Internal Medicine Hospital of University of Science and Technology BeijingBeijing 100083China Department of Medical Oncology National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer HospitalChinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical CollegeBeijing 100021China

BACKGROUND The incidence of patients with early-onset pancreatic cancer(EOPC;age≤50 years at diagnosis)is on the rise,placing a heavy burden on individuals,families,and society.The role of combination therapy including surgery,radiotherapy,and chemotherapy in non-metastatic EOPC is not well-defined.AIM To investigate the treatment patterns and survival outcomes in patients with non-metastatic EOPC.METHODS A total of 277 patients with non-metastatic EOPC who were treated at our institution between 2017 and 2021 were investigated retrospectively.Overall survival(OS),disease-free survival,and progression-free survival were estimated using the Kaplan-Meier method.Univariate and multivariate analyses with the Cox proportional hazards model were used to identify prognostic factors.RESULTS With a median follow-up time of 34.6 months,the 1-year,2-year,and 3-year OS rates for the entire cohort were 84.3%,51.5%,and 27.6%,respectively.The median OS of patients with localized disease who received surgery alone and adjuvant therapy(AT)were 21.2 months and 28.8 months,respectively(P=0.007).The median OS of patients with locally advanced disease who received radiotherapy-based combination therapy(RCT),surgery after neoadjuvant therapy(NAT),and chemotherapy were 28.5 months,25.6 months,and 14.0 months,respectively(P=0.002).The median OS after regional recurrence were 16.0 months,13.4 months,and 8.9 months in the RCT,chemotherapy,and supportive therapy groups,respectively(P=0.035).Multivariate analysis demonstrated that carbohydrate antigen 19-9 level,pathological grade,T-stage,N-stage,and resection were independent prognostic factors for non-metastatic EOPC.CONCLUSION AT improves postoperative survival in localized patients.Surgery after NAT and RCT are the preferred therapeutic options for patients with locally advanced EOPC.

关键词： Pancreatic cancer Early-onset Non-metastatic Multimodal treatment Radiotherapy Overall survival

Inhibition of Defect-Induced Ice Nucleation, Propagation, and Adhesion by Bioinspired Self-Healing Anti-Icing Coatings

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Research 2024年第1期2023卷 237-246页

作者： Shu tian Ruiqi Li Xinmeng Liu Jiancheng Wang Junyu Yu Sijia Xu Yunqing tian jing Yang Lei zhang Department of Biochemical Engineering Frontier Science Center for Synthetic Biology and Key Laboratory of Systems Bioengineering(MOE)School of Chemical Engineering and TechnologyTianjin UniversityTianjin 300350China Binzhou Institute of Technology Weiqiao-UCAS Science and Technology ParkBinzhou CityShandong Province 256606China

Anti-icing coatings on outdoor infrastructures inevitably suffer from mechanical injuries in numerous icing scenarios such as hailstorms,sandstorms,impacts of foreign objects,and icing–deicing cycles.Herein,the mechanisms of surface-defect-induced icing are clarified.At the defects,water molecules exhibit stronger adsorption and the heat transfer rate increases,accelerating the condensation of water vapor as well as ice nucleation and propagation.Moreover,the ice–defect interlocking structure increases the ice adhesion strength.Thus,a self-healing(at−20°C)antifreeze-protein(AFP)-inspired anti-icing coating is developed.The coating is based on a design that mimics the ice-binding and non-ice-binding sites in AFPs.It enables the coating to markedly inhibit ice nucleation(nucleation temperature<−29.4°C),prevent ice propagation(propagation rate<0.00048 cm^(2)/s),and reduce ice adhesion on the surface(adhesion strength<38.9 kPa).More importantly,the coating can also autonomously self-heal at−20°C,as a result of multiple dynamic bonds in its structure,to inhibit defect-induced icing processes.The healed coating sustains high anti-icing and deicing performance even under various extreme conditions.This work reveals the in-depth mechanism of defect-induced ice formation as well as adhesion,and proposes a self-healing anti-icing coating for outdoor infrastructures.

关键词： coating defect clarified

Stability analysis of reference station and compensation for monitoring stations in GNSS landslide monitoring

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Satellite Navigation 2023年第3期4卷 107-121页

作者： Duo Wang Guanwen Huang Yuan Du Qin zhang Zhengwei Bai jing tian College of Geology Engineering and Geomatics Chang’an University126 Yanta RoadXi’an 710054China Key Laboratory of Ecological Geology and Disaster Prevention Ministry of Natural ResourcesXi’an 710054ShannxiChina

The Real-Time Kinematic(RTK)positioning method of the Global Navigation Satellite System(GNSS)has been widely used for landslide monitoring.The stability of its reference station is crucial to obtain accurate and reliable monitoring results.Unstable reference stations due to the geological environment and human activities are difficult to detect and in practical applications often ignored.As a result,it affects the positioning solutions and subsequently the interpretation and detection of landslide motions,which must be addressed in GNSS landslide monitoring.To solve this problem,we propose using the Precise Point Positioning(PPP)technique to analyze the stability of the reference station by verifying its position.The deformations of the monitoring stations are then compensated.First,the reference station coordinates are obtained by the PPP technique and tectonic motion is considered in data processing.The change or breakout of the reference station position is then determined using a cumulative sum control chart method.Finally,each monitoring station’s displacements are compensated according to the displacements of the reference station.According to the results of the Tengqing landslide experiment,the PPP technique can be used in GNSS landslide monitoring to analyze the stability of reference stations.With PPP,millimeter-level accuracy for the coordinates of reference stations is achieved.Compared to the traditional deformation series,the compensated displacement series more reliably reflects the landslide motions.This study will increase the reliability of monitoring results and contribute to implementing GNSS in monitoring landslides.

关键词： Global navigation satellite system(GNSS) Reference station Stability analysis Precise point positioning Landslide monitoring

Current status and future prospects of stem cell therapy in Alzheimer’s disease

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Neural Regeneration Research 2020年第2期15卷 242-250页

作者： Fu-Qiang zhang Jin-Lan Jiang Jing-Tian Zhang Han Niu Xue-Qi Fu Lin-Lin Zeng Scientific Research Centre of China-Japan Union Hospital Jilin UniversityChangchunJilin ProvinceChina School of Life Sciences Jilin UniversityChangchunJilin ProvinceChina

Alzheimer’s disease is a common progressive neurodegenerative disorder, pathologically characterized by the presence of β-amyloid plaques and neurofibrillary tangles. Current treatment approaches using drugs only alleviate the symptoms without curing the disease, which is a serious issue and influences the quality of life of the patients and their caregivers. In recent years, stem cell technology has provided new insights into the treatment of neurodegenerative diseases, including Alzheimer’s disease, Parkinson’s disease, and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. Currently, the main sources of stem cells include neural stem cells, embryonic stem cells, mesenchymal stem cells, and induced pluripotent stem cells. In this review, we discuss the pathophysiology and general treatment of Alzheimer’s disease, and the current state of stem cell transplantation in the treatment of Alzheimer’s disease. We also assess future challenges in the clinical application and drug development of stem cell transplantation as a treatment for Alzheimer’s disease.

关键词： Alzheimer's disease β-amyloid drug development embryonic stem cells induced pluripotent stem cells mesenchymal stem cells nerve regeneration neural regeneration neural stem cells neurodegenerative disorders stem cell therapy