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Hydrothermal carbonization pretreatment makes a remarkable difference in activation of rice and lettuce in food waste

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Green Chemical Engineering 2024年第3期5卷 348-363页

作者： Lijun Zhang Yifan sun chao Li Shu Zhang Mortaza Gholizadeh Xun Hu School of Material Science and Engineering University of JinanJinan250022China Joint International Research Laboratory of Biomass Energy and Materials College of Materials Science and EngineeringNanjing Forestry UniversityNanjing210037China Faculty of Chemical and Petroleum Engineering University of TabrizTabrizIran

Cooked rice and the vegetables like lettuce are common kitchen waste,which are carbonaceous materials and have the potential as feedstock for the production of activated *** is similar to hydrothermal treatment(HTC),which might impact the subsequent activation of kitchen *** this study,the HTC of lettuce,rice,or their mixture and the activation of the resulting hydrochars were *** results indicated that cross-polymerization between the N-containing organics from lettuce and the sugar derivatives from rice took place in their co-HTC,which significantly increased the hydrochar *** of the hydrochar from the coHTC generated the AC with a yield of 2 times that from direct activation of mixed lettuce/***,the coHTC facilitated aromatization,reducing reactivity with K2C2O4in activation and producing the AC with main micropores and low specific surface *** of the hydrochar from HTC of rice followed the above trend,while that from lettuce was the *** organics in lettuce were thermally unstable and could not undergo sufficient *** activation of hydrochar from HTC of lettuce thus generated the AC with the lowest yield,but the highest specific surface area(1684.9 m2/g),abundant mesopores,and superior capability for adsorption of ***,the environmental impacts and energy consumption for the production of AC from the hydrochar of lettuce were higher than that from hydrochar of co-HTC.

关键词： Food waste Hydrothermal pretreatment Hydrochar Chemical activation Products properties

Synergy of phosphorus vacancies and build-in electric field into NiCo/NiCoP Mott-Schottky integrated electrode for enhanced water splitting performance

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Chinese Chemical Letters 2024年第2期35卷 604-610页

作者： Xiaochen Zhang Hui Xue jing sun Niankun Guo Tianshan Song Jiawen sun Yi-Ru Hao Qin Wang College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Inner Mongolia UniversityHohhot 010021China

Vacancy engineering and Mott-Schottky heterostructure can accelerate charge transfer,regulate adsorption energy of reaction intermediates,and provide additional active sites,which are regarded as valid means for improving catalytic ***,the underlying mechanism of synergistic regulation of interfacial charge transfer and optimization of electrocatalytic activity by combining vacancy and Mott-Schottky junction remains ***,the growth of a bifunctional NiCo/NiCoP Mott-Schottky electrode with abundant phosphorus vacancies on foam nickel(NF)has been synthesized through continuous phosphating and reduction *** obtained NiCo/NiCoP heterojunctions show remarkable OER and HER activities,and the overpotentials for OER and HER are as low as 117 and 60 mV at 10 mA/cm^(2) in 1 mol/L KOH,***,as both the cathode and anode of overall water splitting,the voltage of the bifunctional NiCo/NiCoP electrocatalyst is 1.44 V at 10 mA/cm^(2),which are far exceeding the benchmark commercial *** theoretical calculation results confirm that the phosphorus vacancies and build-in electric field can effectively accelerate ion and electron transfer between NiCo alloy and NiCoP semiconductor,tailor the electronic structure of the metal centers and lower the Gibbs free energy of the ***,the unique self-supported integrated structure is beneficial to facilitate the exposure of the active site,avoid catalyst shedding,thus improving the activity and structural stability of NiCo/*** study provides an avenue for the controllable synthesis and performance optimization of Mott-Schottky electrocatalysts.

关键词： Mott-Schottky Build-in electric field Phosphorus vacancies Phosphides Overall water splitting

Boosting zinc anode durability through synergistic inner Helmholtz plane and interfacial electric field regulation

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Science Bulletin 2024年第13期69卷 2025-2029页

作者： Hao Tan chao Meng Tong sun Xing-Long Wu Hong Liu Jian-Jun Wang State Key Laboratory of Crystal Materials Shandong UniversityJinan 250100China College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Qingdao UniversityQingdao 266071China MOE Key Laboratory for UV Light-Emitting Materials and Technology Department of PhysicsNortheast Normal UniversityChangchun 130024China Jinan Institute of Quantum Technology Jinan BranchHefei National LaboratoryJinan 250101China Shenzhen Research Institute Shandong UniversityShenzhen 518057China

As the need for energy storage devices escalates,aqueous zincion batteries(ZIBs)have risen as a promising alternative to the widely used Li-ion batteries,offering intrinsic safety,environmental compatibility,and cost advantages,positioning them as attractive energy storage systems for the future[1,2].However,challenges such as dendrite growth on Zn anodes,stemming from uneven electric fields on the surface and active water side reactions,compromise cycling stability and lifespan,posing significant hurdles for the practical application of ZIBs[3,4].To mitigate these issues,strategies like electrolyte optimization,artificial solid electrolyte interphase(SEI)layers,and current collector modifications have been proposed[5,6].Nevertheless,most long-cycle experiments are conducted at low current densities and deposition capacities,with high current density and capacity operations typically lasting less than 1000 h[7].

关键词： electrolyte durability offering

Polyoxometalates-derived nanostructures for electrocatalysis application

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Rare Metals 2024年第5期43卷 1845-1866页

作者： chao-Yue sun Wen Li Kai Wang Wei-Jia Zhou Hai-Qing Wang Institute for Advanced Interdisciplinary Research(iAIR) College of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringUniversity of JinanJinan250022China Shandong Electrical Engineering and Equipment Group Intelligent Electric Co. Ltd.Jinan 250022China

The conversion of intermittent renewable electrical energy to chemical energy is of great importance which can not only mitigate current energy and environmental crisis but also contribute to the ongoing carbon neutrality national *** is serving as a low-carbon conversion technology that enables green and efficient energy conversion mainly through hydrogen evolution reaction(HER),carbon dioxide reduction reaction(CO_(2)RR),and nitrogen reduction reaction(NRR).The core of electrocatalysis is the design and construction of low-cost high-activity and high-stability electrocatalyst to drive reaction thermodynamics and *** employment of polyoxometalates(POMs)as platforms or precursors to construct different types of electrocatalysts has been widely ***,we systematically summarized the recent advances in POM-derived nanostructures for electrocatalysis *** strategies for precursor design and electrocatalyst synthesis were briefly *** morphology control,phase control,composite modulation,and heterostructure engineering in POM-derived nanostructures were presented in *** structure–activity relationship of POM-derived nanostructures is fully discussed for HER CO_(2)RR,and NRR ***,the current challenges and future outlooks of POM-derived nanostructures are summarized to provide insights toward high-efficiency electrocatalysts for energy conversion technologies.

关键词： Microforming Cylindrical compression Size effects Grain orientation Inhomogeneous deformation

Dynamic properties of rumor propagation model induced by L´evy noise on social networks

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Chinese Physics B 2024年第9期33卷 223-237页

作者： Ying jing Youguo Wang Qiqing Zhai Xianli sun School of Science Nanjing University of Posts and TelecommunicationsNanjing 210023China School of Telecommunication and Information Engineering Nanjing University of Posts and TelecommunicationsNanjing 210023China

Social networks are inevitably subject to disruptions from the physical world,such as sudden internet outages that sever local connections and impede information *** Gaussian white noise,commonly used to simulate stochastic disruptions,only fluctuates within a narrow range around its mean and fails to capture large-scale variations,L´evy noise can effectively compensate for this ***,a susceptible–infected–removed rumor propagation model with L´evy noise is constructed on homogeneous and heterogeneous networks,***,the existence of a global positive solution and the asymptotic path-wise of the solution are derived on heterogeneous networks,and the sufficient conditions of rumor extinction and persistence are ***,theoretical results are verified through numerical calculations and the sensitivity analysis related to the threshold is conducted on the model *** simulation experiments on Watts–Strogatz(WS)and Barab´asi–Albert networks,it is found that the addition of noise can inhibit the spread of rumors,resulting in a stochastic resonance phenomenon,and the optimal noise intensity is obtained on the WS *** validity of the model is verified on three real datasets by particle swarm optimization algorithm.

关键词： rumor propagation model L´evy noise extinction and persistence stochastic resonance

Multiorgan dysfunction syndrome due to high-dose cantharidin poisoning:A case report

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World Journal of Clinical Cases 2024年第12期12卷 2074-2078页

作者： Wan-Ling Xu Wen-jing Tang Wei-Ying Yang Li-chao sun Ze-Qun Zhang Wei Li Xiu-Xian Zang Department of Emergency Medicine First Hospital of Jilin UniversityChangchun 130021Jilin ProvinceChina Department of Chinese Traditional Medicine First Hospital of Jilin UniversityChangchun 130021Jilin ProvinceChina

BACKGROUND This report delves into the diagnostic and therapeutic journey undertaken by a patient with high-dose cantharidin poisoning and multiorgan dysfunction syndrome(MODS).Particular emphasis is placed on the comprehensive elucidation of the clinical manifestations of high-dose cantharidin poisoning,the intricate path to diagnosis,and the exploration of potential underlying *** SUMMARY A patient taking 10 g of cantharidin powder orally subsequently developed *** patient was treated with supportive care,fluid hydration and antibiotics,and hemoperfusion and hemofiltration therapy for 24 h and successfully recovered 8 d after hospital *** poisoning can cause lifethreatening MODS and is rare *** case underscores the challenge in diagnosis and highlights the need for early clinical differentiation to facilitate accurate assessment and prompt *** This article has reported and analyzed the clinical data,diagnosis,treatment,and prognosis of a case of high-dose cantharidin poisoning resulting in MODS and reviewed the relevant literature to improve the clinical understanding of this rare condition.

关键词： Cantharidin Poisoning Multiorgan dysfunction syndrome Clinical treatment and management Case report

Activation of MAPK-mediated immunity by phosphatidic acid in response to positive-strand RNA viruses

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Plant Communications 2024年第1期5卷 84-100页

作者： Jiayu Lin Jinpeng Zhao Linlin Du Pengkun Wang Bingjian sun chao Zhang Yan Shi Honglian Li Hangjun sun The Engineering Research Center for Plant Health Protection Technology in Henan Province College of Plant ProtectionHenan Agricultural UniversityZhengzhouHenan 450046China

Increasing evidence suggests that mitogen-activated protein kinase(MAPK)cascades play a crucial role in plant defense against ***,the mechanisms that underlie the activation of MAPK cascades in response to viral infection remain *** this study,we discovered that phosphatidic acid(PA)repre-sents a major class of lipids that respond to Potato virus Y(PVY)at an early stage of *** identified NbPLDa1(Nicotiana benthamiana phospholipase Da1)as the key enzyme responsible for increased PA levels during PVY infection and found that it plays an antiviral role.6K2 of PVY interacts with NbPLDa1,lead-ing to elevated PA *** addition,NbPLDa1 and PA are recruited by 6K2 to membrane-bound viral repli-cation *** the other hand,6K2 also induces activation of the MAPK pathway,dependent on its interaction with NbPLDa1 and the derived *** binds to WIPK/SIPK/NTF4,prompting their phosphoryla-tion of ***,spraying with exogenous PA is sufficient to activate the MAPK ***-down of the MEK2-WIPK/SIPK-WRKY8 cascade resulted in enhanced accumulation of PVY genomic RNA.6K2 of Turnip mosaic virus and p33 of Tomato bushy stunt virus also interacted with NbPLDa1 and induced the activation of MAPK-mediated *** of function of NbPLDa1 inhibited virus-induced activation of MAPK cascades and promoted viral RNA ***,activation of MAPK-mediated immunity by NbPLDa1-derived PA is a common strategy employed by hosts to counteract positive-strand RNA virus infection.

关键词： Potato virus Y PVY positive-strand RNA virus +RNA virus phosphatidic acid PA NbPLDa1 MAPK WIPK/SIPK

Targeted genome duplications by amplification editing (AE)

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Science China Life Sciences 2024年

作者： chao sun Caixia Gao New Cornerstone Science Laboratory Center for Genome Editing Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology Chinese Academy of Sciences College of Advanced Agricultural Sciences University of Chinese Academy of Sciences

Ongoing advances in genomics and genetics have led researchers to highlight the significant role of large DNA structural variants (SVs) in genetic diversity. SVs are genomic sequence variants of various types, including insertions, deletions, inversions, translocations, and copy number variants (CNVs or duplications).

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Character of Convective Systems Producing Short-Term Heavy Precipitation in Central China Revealed by Kilometer and Minute Interval Observations

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Journal of Meteorological Research 2024年第3期38卷 530-541页

作者： Zitong CHEN Yunying LI Zhiwei ZHANG jing sun Chengzhi YE Anyuan XIONG College of Meteorology and Oceanography National University of Defense TechnologyChangsha410073China High Impact Weather Key Laboratory of China Meteorological Administration Changsha410073China Unit No.92192 of Chinese People’s Liberation Army Ningbo315000China Hubei Key Research Laboratory for Heavy Rain Monitoring and Warning Institute of Heavy RainChina Meteorological AdministrationWuhan430223China Institute of Meteorological Sciences of Hunan Province Hunan Meteorological BureauChangsha410118China National Meteorological Information Centre China Meteorological AdministrationBeijing100081China

Accurate forecasting of heavy precipitation in central China is still a challenge,within which a key issue is our still incomplete understanding of the convective systems(CSs)responsible for such *** this study,through use of an iterative rain-cell tracking algorithm,the macroscale characteristics(scale,intensity,duration,etc.)of the CSs that produced 595 short-term heavy precipitation events in Hunan Province,central China,are quantitatively analyzed,based on radar reflectivity,echo top,and rainfall observations at 1-km and 6-min intervals in April-September of *** results show that CSs present significant seasonal and diurnal *** CSs usually cover a larger echo area with stronger convective cores and thus generate more precipitation than summer CSs,though summer CSs develop more vigorously and *** initiated at 1400-1600 local time are characterized by the strongest convection and a smaller spatiotemporal scale,causing violent and transient showers with typical areal precipitation of 0.5-1 mm km^(−2),but less total *** analyses of the relationships among the scale,intensity,duration,and total precipitation of CSs reveal that the convective intensity is linearly correlated to the spatiotemporal scale of CSs,with the duration increasing on average by 0.0372 h dBZ^(−1);the echo area is significantly correlated to the total precipitation,and the duration and rainfall amount are connected with the area expansion rate(AER)of CSs:when the AER exceeds 50%,CSs expand rapidly with increasing total precipitation,but the duration is *** findings provide a helpful reference for the forecasting of short-term heavy precipitation induced by CSs in central China.

关键词： convective system radar reflectivity factor total precipitation iterative rain-cell tracking