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Lung microbiome:new insights into the pathogenesis of respiratory diseases

Signal Transduction and Targeted Therapy 2024年第2期9卷 652-678页

作者： Ruomeng li Jing li Xikun Zhou Department of Biotherapy Cancer Center and State Key Laboratory of BiotherapyWest China HospitalSichuan UniversityChengdu 610041China State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases National Clinical Research Center for Oral DiseasesChinese Academy of Medical Sciences Research Unit of Oral Carcinogenesis and ManagementWest China Hospital of StomatologySichuan UniversityChengduSichuan 610041China

The lungs were long thought to be sterile until technical advances uncovered the presence of the lung microbial community.The microbiome of healthy lungs is mainly derived from the upper respiratory tract(URT)microbiome but also has its own characteristic flora.The selection mechanisms in the lung,including clearance by coughing,pulmonary macrophages,the oscillation of respiratory cilia,and bacterial inhibition by alveolar surfactant,keep the microbiome transient and mobile,which is different from the microbiome in other organs.The pulmonary bacteriome has been intensively studied recently,but relatively little research has focused on the mycobiome and virome.This up-to-date review retrospectively summarizes the lung microbiome’s history,composition,and function.We focus on the interaction of the lung microbiome with the oropharynx and gut microbiome and emphasize the role it plays in the innate and adaptive immune responses.More importantly,we focus on multiple respiratory diseases,including asthma,chronic obstructive pulmonary disease(COPD),fibrosis,bronchiectasis,and pneumonia.The impact of the lung microbiome on coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19)and lung cancer has also been comprehensively studied.Furthermore,by summarizing the therapeutic potential of the lung microbiome in lung diseases and examining the shortcomings of the field,we propose an outlook of the direction of lung microbiome research.

关键词： respiratory diseases Lung

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lipopolysaccharide-induced Trigeminal Ganglion Nerve Fiber Damage is Associated with Autophagy Inhibition

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当代医学科学(英文) 2023年第3期43卷 489-495页

作者： Yong li Jing li Sheng-sheng WEI jing DU Refractive Surgery Center Shaanxi Eye HospitalXi'an People's Hospital(Xi'an Fourth Hospital)Affiliated Guangren HospitalSchool of MedicineXi'an Jiaotong UniversityXi'an 710004China

Objective This study aimed to determine whether lipopolysaccharide(LPS)induces the loss of corneal nerve fibers in cultured trigeminal ganglion(TG)cells,and the underlying mechanism of LPS-induced TG neurite damage.Methods TG neurons were isolated from C57BL/6 mice,and the cell viability and purity were maintained for up to 7 days.Then,they were treated with LPS(1µg/mL)or the autophagy regulator(autophibib and rapamycin)alone or in combination for 48 h,and the length of neurites in TG cells was examined by the immunofluorescence staining of the neuron-specific proteinβ3-tubulin.Afterwards,the molecular mechanisms by which LPS induces TG neuron damage were explored.Results The immunofluorescence staining revealed that the average length of neurites in TG cells significantly decreased after LPS treatment.Importantly,LPS induced the impairment of autophagic flux in TG cells,which was evidenced by the increase in the accumulation of LC3 and p62 proteins.The pharmacological inhibition of autophagy by autophinib dramatically reduced the length of TG neurites.However,the rapamycin-induced activation of autophagy significantly lessened the effect of LPS on the degeneration of TG neurites.Conclusion LPS-induced autophagy inhibition contributes to the loss of TG neurites.

关键词： lipopolysaccharide autophagy trigeminal ganglion neurons

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Chinese patients’and physicians’perspectives on the burden and management of asthma

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Chinese Medical Journal 2023年第16期136卷 1996-1998页

作者： Jie Lan li An Jing li GlaxoSmithKline China Rx Medical AffairsShanghai 200124China Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine Beijing Chao-Yang HospitalCapital Medical UniversityBeijing Institute of Respiratory MedicineBeijing 100020China Department of Allergy and Clinical Immunology Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Healththe First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical UniversityGuangzhouGuangdong 510120China

To the Editor:The overall prevalence of asthma among Chinese adults(aged≥20 years)was 4.2%,representing 45.7 million people.[1]With high disease burden of asthma in China,it needs to better understand the status of asthma treatment in China from physicians’and patients’perspectives.The 2021 Global Initiative of Asthma(GINA)report developed two Treatment Tracks based on the choice of relievers.[2]For patients with moderate asthma(Steps 3 and 4),the recommended regimen is low-or medium-dose inhaled corticosteroid(ICS)/formoterol as daily maintenance therapy with additional low-dose ICS/formoterol as needed(known as maintenance and reliever therapy[MART])in Track 1,or medium-or high-dose ICS/long-acting b2-agonist(LABA)as daily maintenance therapy with additional short-acting b2-agonist(SABA)as needed in Track 2.

关键词： patients asthma physician

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Metal-organic frameworks as effective sensors and scavengers for toxic environmental pollutants

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National Science Review 2022年第7期9卷 162-180页

作者： Avishek Karmakar Ever Velasco Jing li Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology Rutgers University

Metal-organic frameworks(MOFs) constructed from a rich library of organic struts and metal ions/clusters represent promising candidates for a wide range of applications.The unique structure,porous nature,easy tunability and processability of these materials make them an outstanding class of materials for tackling serious global problems relating to energy and environment.Among them,environmental pollution is one aspect that has increased at an alarming rate in the past decade or so.With rapid urbanization and industrialization,toxic environmental pollutants are constantly released and accumulated leading to serious contamination in water bodies and thereby having adverse effects on human health.Recent studies have shown that many toxic pollutants,as listed by the World Health Organization and the US Environmental Protection Agency,can be sele ctively detecte d,captured,sequestered and removed by MOFs from air and aquatic systems.Most of these sensing/capture processes in MOFs are quantifiable and effective for even a trace amount of the targeted chemical species.The functional sites(ligands and metals) play a critical role in such recognition processes and offer an extensive scope of structural tunability for guest(pollutants,toxic entities) recognition.Whereas on the one hand,the underlying mechanisms governing such sensing and capture are important,it is also crucial to identify MOFs that are best suited for commercial applications for the future.In this review article,we provide an overview of the most recent progress in the sensing,capture and removal of various common toxic pollutants,including neutral and ionic,inorganic and organic species,with brief dis cussions on the mechanism and efficacy of selected MOFs.

关键词： metal-organic framework detoxification luminescent sensing pollution environmental remediation

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Design optimization of a hexapod vibration isolation system for electro-optical payload

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Chinese Journal of Aeronautics 2024年第2期37卷 330-342页

作者： Jing li Weipeng li Xiaoyan ZHANG Hai HUANG School of Astronautics Beihang UniversityBeijing 100191China

The electro-optical payloads on mobile platforms generally suffer undesirable vibrations generated by maneuvers and turbulence.These vibrations are in six degrees of freedom and cause line-of-sight jitters,resulting in image blurring and loss of tracking accuracy.In this paper,a Hexapod Vibration Isolation System(HVIS)is proposed and optimized to solve this problem.The optimization aims to centralize and minimize the natural frequencies of HVIS,for expanding the vibration isolation bandwidth and improving the vibration isolation in the higher frequency band.Considering that the design space for HVIS is limited and interfered with the frames of the mobile platform,a non-collision algorithm is proposed and applied in the optimization to obtain the feasible optimal design.The optimization result shows that the natural frequency bandwidth has been reduced by 42.9%,and the maximum natural frequency is reduced by 30.2%.The prototypes of initial and optimal designs are manufactured and tested.Both simulated and experimental results demonstrate the validity of the optimization,and the optimal design provides a maximum of 15 dB more isolation in rotation direction than the initial design.

关键词： Electro-optical payload Vibrations Isolation system Hexapod Optimization Non-collision design

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The molecular mechanism of plasma membrane H^(+)-ATPases in plant responses to abiotic stress

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Journal of Genetics and Genomics 2022年第8期49卷 715-725页

作者： Jing li Yan Guo Yongqing Yang Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Tree Breeding by Molecular Design College of Bioscience and Resources EnvironmentBeijing University of AgricultureBeijing 102206China State Key Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry College of Biological SciencesChina Agricultural UniversityBeijing 100193China

Plasma membrane H^(+)-ATPases(PM H^(+)-ATPases)are critical proton pumps that export protons from the cytoplasm to the apoplast.The resulting proton gradient and difference in electrical potential energize various secondary active transport events.PM H^(+)-ATPases play essential roles in plant growth,development,and stress responses.In this review,we focus on recent studies of the mechanism of PM H^(+)-ATPases in response to abiotic stresses in plants,such as salt and high pH,temperature,drought,light,macronutrient deficiency,acidic soil and aluminum stress,as well as heavy metal toxicity.Moreover,we discuss remaining outstanding questions about how PM H^(+)-ATPases contribute to abiotic stress responses.

关键词： PM H^(+)-ATPases Abiotic stress Molecular mechanism

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Reducibility for Schrodinger Operator with Finite Smooth and Time-Quasi-periodic Potential

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Chinese Annals of Mathematics,Series B 2020年第3期41卷 419-440页

作者： Jing li School of Mathematics Shandong UniversityJi5nan 250100China School of Mathematics and Statistics Shandong UniversityWeihai 264209ShandongChina

In this paper, the author establishes a reduction theorem for linear Schr?dinger equation with finite smooth and time-quasi-periodic potential subject to Dirichlet boundary condition by means of KAM(Kolmogorov-Arnold-Moser) technique. Moreover, it is proved that the corresponding Schr?dinger operator possesses the property of pure point spectra and zero Lyapunov exponent.

关键词： Reducibility Quasi-periodic Schrodinger operator KAM theory Finite smooth potential Lyapunov exponent Pure-Point spectrum

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Bleeding control during complex laparoscopic surgeries of the spleen:current status and challenges

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Chinese Medical Journal 2022年第24期135卷 2938-2940页

作者： Nan You Jing li Lu Zheng Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery The Second Affiliated HospitalThird Military Medical University(Army Medical University)Chongqing 400037China

Severe intra-operative bleeding has limited the application of complex laparoscopic splenectomy(LS),including laparoscopic total splenectomy(LTS)and laparoscopic partial splenectomy(LPS).Therefore,reducing bleeding ri... 详细信息

关键词： laparoscopic spleen bleeding

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Active High-Locality Landslides in Mao County: Early Identification and Deformational Rules

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地球科学学刊:英文版 2023年第5期34卷 1596-1615页

作者： Xianmin Wang jing Yin Menghan Luo Haifeng Ren Jing li lizhe Wang Dongdong li Guojun li Hubei Subsurface Multi-Scale Imaging Key Laboratory School of Geophysics and GeomaticsChina University of GeosciencesWuhan 430074China Changsha Planning Information Service Center Changsha Municipal Bureau of Natual Resources and PlanningChangsha 410221China National Engineering Research Center for Geoinformatics Aerospace Information Research InstituteChinese Academy of SciencesChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100101China College of Electronic Science and Engineering National University of Defense TechnologyChangsha 410073China Laboratory of Beyond LOS Reliable Information Transmission Chongqing University of Posts and TelecommunicationsChongqing 400065China

High-locality landslides are located on slopes at high elevations and are characterized by long sliding distances, large gravitational potential energy, high movement velocities, tremendous kinetic energy, and sudden onset. Thus, they often cause catastrophic damage to human lives and engineering facilities. It is of great significance to identify active high-locality landslides in their early deformational stages and to reveal their deformational rules for effective disaster mitigation. Due to alpinecanyon landforms, Mao County is a representative source of high-locality landslides. This work employs multisource data(geological, terrain, meteorological, ground sensor, and remote sensing data) and timeseries In SAR technology to recognize active high-locality landslides in Mao County and to reveal their laws of development. Some new viewpoints are suggested.(1) Nineteen active high-locality landslides are identified by the time-series In SAR technique, of which 7 are newly discovered in this work. All these high-locality landslides possessed good concealment during their early deformational stages. The newly discovered HL-16 landslide featured a large scale and a great slope height, posing a large threat to the surrounding buildings and residents.(2) The high-locality landslides in Mao County were mainly triggered by three factors: earthquakes, precipitation, and road construction.(3) Three typical high-locality landslides that were triggered by different factors are highlighted with their deformational rules under the functions of steep terrain, shattered rocks, fissure-water penetration, precipitation, and road construction. This work may provide clues to the prevention and control of high-locality landslides and can be applied to the determination of active high-locality landslides in other hard-hit areas.

关键词： high-locality landslide landslide identification deformational rule landslides engineering geology

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A new hypothesis for cavitation nucleation in gas saturated solutions:Clustering of gas molecules lowers significantly the surface tension

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Chinese Journal of Chemical Engineering 2022年第10期50卷 347-351页

作者： Zhaoyang Yu Jing li Xianren Zhang State Key Laboratory of OrganicInorganic Composites Beijing University of Chemical TechnologyBeijing 100029China College of Biomedical Engineering&the Key Laboratory for Medical Functional Nanomaterials Jining Medical UniversityJining 272067China

Cavitation in water generally takes place at much lower negative pressure than predicted from theories.In this work,we try to stress the discrepancy from the influence of the dissolved gas on cavitation nucleation.By combining molecular dynamics simulation and thermodynamic analysis,we evaluated the lowering of surface tension as a function of density of gas molecules in gas clusters formed in aqueous solution.We found that the obtained surface tension of small gas clusters is much more substantially reduced than expected.The surface tension lowering and the non-ideality of gas molecules in the clusters are then taken into account in determining the nucleation of cavitation,and as a consequence,the required negative pressure for cavitation becomes comparable to experimental values.Thus,we give an alternative explanation for the discrepancy of cavitation pressure between experiment and theory,i.e.,it is the substantially reduced surface tension for small gas nuclei,which have not been taken into account in theory,along with the ideal gas approxiamtion that induce its deviation from the experimental values.

关键词： Cavitation Dissolved gas Thermodynamics Molecular simulation Surface tension

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