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Investigation of children’s habits of smartphone usage and parental awareness of myopia control in underdeveloped areas of China

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International Journal of Ophthalmology(English edition) 2022年第10期15卷 1691-1698页

作者： An-Qi He Si-An Liu Sheng-Yu He Huan Yao Pei Chen Yan Li Jin Qiu Ke-Ming Yu jing zhuang State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology Zhongshan Ophthalmic CenterSun Yat-sen UniversityGuangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual ScienceGuangzhou 510060Guangdong ProvinceChina

AIM: To investigate the behaviors of smartphone usage and parental knowledge of vision health among primary students in the rural areas of China. METHODS: In this school-based, cross-sectional study, a total of 52 606 parents of students from 30 primary schools in the Xingguo County were investigated through an online questionnaire from July 2020 to August 2020. The self-designed questionnaire contained three parts: the demographic factors of both children and parents, parental knowledge and attitude toward myopia, and the preventive treatment of ***: A total of 52 485 appropriately answered questionnaires were received, showing an effective response rate of 95.1%. The average age of the primary students was 10.1±0.98 y and the prevalence of myopia among the primary students was 40.3%. The age of myopia occurrence in elementary students was significantly correlated with the parents’ educational level(95%CI: 0.82-0.98, P=0.013), children’s gender(95%CI: 1.08-1.20, P<0.001), school location(county or countryside)(95%CI: 0.59-0.66, P<0.001), children’s smartphone ownership(95%CI: 1.09-1.26, P<0.001), and the average time spent on smartphone per day(95%CI: 0.78-0.88, P<0.001). School location in the county town, high family income, and high parents’educational level significantly affected both parents’ myopia awareness and children’s vision-threatening behaviors(P<0.01). Left-behind children showed a higher incidence of vision-threatening habits than those who lived with their parents(P<0.01).CONCLUSION: The results reveal the current situation of myopia development among rural primary school students and their parents. This survey will serve as a guidance for designing myopic prevention policies in the rural areas of China.

关键词： myopia prevalence rural China smartphone use left-behind children

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Effects of elevated CO_2 on the nutrient compositions and enzymes activities of Nilaparvata lugens nymphs fed on rice plants

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Science China(Life Sciences) 2012年第10期55卷 920-926页

作者： ZENG YunYun HUANG WenKun SU Li WU Gang zhuang jing ZHAO WanYun HUA HongXia LI JunSheng XIAO NengWen XIONG-YanFei 'Hubei Insect Resources Utilization and Sustainable Pest Management Key Laboratory College of Plant Science and TechnologyHuazhong Agricultural UniversityWuhan 430070China State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and lnsect Pests Institute of Plant ProtectionChinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesBeijing 100193China Department of Plant Protection Agricultural CollegeGuangxi UniversityNanning 530005China State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment Chinese Research Academy of Environmental SciencesBeijing 100012 China Department of Biology College of ScienceWuhan University of TechnologyHubei 430070China

Elevated CO 2 may reduce the tolerance of Nilaparvata lugen (N. lugens) to adverse environmental factors through the biological and physiological degeneration of N. lugens. In an artificial climate box, under 375 and 750 μL L 1 CO 2 levels, the rice stems nutrient content, the nutrient content and enzyme activities of N. lugens nymph fed on rice seedlings exposed to ambient and elevated CO 2 were studied. The results showed that rice stems had significantly higher protein and total amino acid levels under ambient than elevated CO 2 levels. Nymphs had significantly higher protein levels in the ambient CO 2 treatment, while their glucose levels were significantly lower under ambient CO 2 conditions. Significantly higher trypsin activity was observed in nymphs grown in elevated CO 2 . Significantly lower activities of the protective enzymes total superoxide dismutase and catalase were observed in the nymphs under ambient CO 2 . Meanwhile, the activity of the detoxification enzyme glutathione S-transferase was significantly higher in the ambient CO 2 treatment. Measuring how energy and resources were allocated to enzymes in N. lugens nymphs under elevated CO 2 conditions can provide a more meaningful evaluation of their metabolic tolerances to adverse climatic conditions.

关键词： Nilaparvata lugens elevated CO2 rice plants total superoxide dismutase detoxification enzyme glutathioneS-transferase

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CsWRKY13,a novel WRKY transcription factor of Camellia sinensis,involved in lignin biosynthesis and accumulation

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Beverage Plant Research 2021年第1期1卷 97-105页

作者： Ruimin Teng Yongxin Wang Shijia Lin Yi Chen Yazhuo Yang Ni Yang jingwen Li jing zhuang Tea Science Research Institute College of HorticultureNanjing Agricultural UniversityNanjing 210095China National Center for Tea Improvement Tea Research InstituteChinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesKey Laboratory of Tea Plant Biology and Resources UtilizationMinistry of AgricultureHangzhou 310008China

Lignin is an aromatic polymer that provides the necessary mechanical strength for the transport of water and nutrients in higher *** biosynthesis and accumulation affect growth and development of tea *** degree of lignification related to the tenderness of fresh tea leaves determines the quality of *** transcription factors play central roles in plant development and physiological ***,the roles of WRKY transcription factors in lignin biosynthesis of tea plants remain *** this study,a WRKY gene,CsWRKY13,was cloned from tea plant'Longjing 43'.The open reading frame(ORF)of CsWRKY13 gene was 708 bp,encoding 235 amino *** analysis showed that CsWRKY13 contained a conserved WRKYGQK amino acid sequence and a zinc-finger-like motif *** localization showed that CsWRKY13 was localized in the *** yeast trans-activation assay showed that CsWRKY13 had no transcriptional *** analysis showed that the CsWRKY13 gene was highly expressed in the *** of CsWRKY13 in Arabidopsis thaliana reduced lignin content and the expression levels of genes related to lignin biosynthesis in transgenic *** flavonoids pathway related genes were significantly *** study shows that CsWRKY13 might function as a negative regulator in regulation of lignin synthesis.

关键词： activation Camellia biosynthesis

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The Synthesis of Sub-Nano-Thick Pd Nanobelt-Based Materials for Enhanced Hydrogen Evolution Reaction Activity

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CCS Chemistry 2020年第1期2卷 642-654页

作者： Bing Ni Qinghua Zhang Chen Ouyang Simin Zhang Biao Yu jing zhuang Lin Gu Xun Wang Key Lab of Organic Optoelectronics and Molecular Engineering Department of ChemistryTsinghua UniversityBeijing100084(China) Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics and Institute of Physics Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100190(China)

Tailoring atomic structures of noblemetal nanomaterials with size close to single-unit cell range is essential in both fundamental researchand applications,including their development into high catalytic performance materials in renewable,green energy conversions,devices for energy storage,and as biosensors for environmental ***,several strategies used in fabricating these materials still impose enormous challenges,arising from lack of even size distribution,shape uniformity,and controlled composition,which are critical in determining their specific activities and ***,we report a facile approach for preparing sub-nano-thick palladium nanobelt-based(PdNB)*** we rationalized the formation mechanism of such highly anisotropic structures by morphology-related thermodynamic and kinetic ***,we investigated if electrocatalysis performance of these NB-basedmaterialswere ***(Pd)NBs featured a thickness of∼0.9-1.2 nm and width of 5-18nmwith length extending to severalmicrometers[denoted as Pd(0.9)],or a thickness of∼0.7-0.9 nm and width of 2.5-6 nmwith length of several hundreds of nanometers[denoted as Pd(0.7)].According to our theoretical analysis,one-dimensional(1D)growth encountered almost no energy barrier at optimal reaction conditions,whereas the growth of Pd nanostructures with other dimensions confronted high barriers,indicating that it was plausible to prepare 1D structures with sizes close to single-unit ***,platinum(Pt)could be successfully doped into the Pd(0.9)NBs through a galvanic epitaxial growth,forming edge-Pt-enriched Pd NBs(eePtPd NBs).Further,electron transfer from Pd to Pt imparted the eePtPd NBs with high hydrogen evolution reaction(HER)*** eePtPd NBs showed a 3.5 and 1.8 times higher in exchange current density and mass activity(at−0.1 V),respectively,compared to those of Pt catalysts in perchloric acid(HClO_(4))***,the NBs all showed high activity

关键词： growth mechanism Pd nanobelt PdPt heterostructure hydrogen evolution reaction barrierless growth

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Research progress on the environmental risk assessment and remediation technologies of heavy metal pollution in agricultural soil

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2025年第3期149卷 1-20页

作者： Xurui Mai jing Tang Juexuan Tang Xinyue Zhu Zhenhao Yang Xi Liu Xiaojie zhuang Guang Feng Lin Tang College of Environmental Science and Engineering Hunan UniversityChangsha 410082China Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control(Hunan University) Ministry of EducationChangsha 410082China Power China Zhongnan Engineering Corporation Limited Changsha 410014China

Controlling heavy metal pollution in agricultural soil has been a significant *** heavy metals seriously threaten the surrounding ecological environment and human *** effective assessment and remediation of heavy metals in agricultural soils are *** two aspects support each other,forming a close and complete decisionmaking ***,this review systematically summarizes the distribution characteristics of soil heavy metal pollution,the correlation between soil and crop heavy metal contents,the presence pattern and migration and transformation mode of heavy metals in the soil-crop *** advantages and disadvantages of the risk evaluation tools and models of heavy metal pollution in farmland are further outlined,which provides important guidance for an in-depth understanding of the characteristics of heavymetal pollution in farmland soils and the assessment of the environmental *** remediation strategies involve multiple physical,chemical,biological and even combined technologies,and this paper compares the potential and effect of the above current remediation technologies in heavy metal polluted farmland ***,the main problems and possible research directions of future heavy metal risk assessment and remediation technologies in agricultural soils are *** review provides new ideas for effective assessment and selection of remediation technologies based on the characterization of soil heavy metals.

关键词： Source Migration transformation Risk assessment Remediation Heavy metals Agricultural soils

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Thoughts on the treatment of cancer pain under the guidance of traditional Chinese medicine

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TMR Theory and Hypothesis 2018年第3期1卷 83-88页

作者： jing zhuang Xiao-ran Ma Xue Wang Graduate School Tianjin Medical UniversityTianjinChina College of First Clinical Medicine Shandong University of Traditional Chinese MedicineJinanShandongChina College of Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine Qingdao UniversityQingdaoShandongChina

Chinese medicine diagnosis and treatment of cancer is a feature of traditional Chinese medicine in the prevention and treatment of major *** pain is one of the main clinical symptoms of cancer patients,especially those with advanced cancer,which seriously affects the quality of life of *** present,the principle of three-step analgesic ladder is mainly used in the treatment of cancer ***,the side effects such as constipation,nausea and vomiting caused by long-term use of analgesic drugs are often limited by patients'tolerance,meanwhile the pain is not effectively *** mechanism of cancer pain is extremely *** fully understand the pathogenesis and syndromes of cancer pain in traditional Chinese,medicine is an important basis for effectively alleviating the symptoms of cancer *** medicine has unique advantages in treating cancer pain,such as addiction,drug resistance and side *** on the etiology and pathogenesis of cancer pain,this paper discusses the application of different classifications of traditional Chinese medicine in the treatment of cancer pain.

关键词： Cancer pain Traditional Chinese medicine Modern medicine

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Fine Mapping of C（Chromogen for Anthocyanin） Gene in Rice

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Rice science 2008年第1期15卷 1-6页

作者： FAN Fang-jun FAN Ye-yang DU jing-hong zhuang Jie-yun Chinese National Center for Rice Improvement/State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology China National Rice Research InstituteHangzhou 310006 China

Seven residual heterozygous lines （RHLs） displaying different genotypic compositions in the genomic region covering probable locations of C （Chromogen for anthocyanin） gene on the short arm of rice chromosome 6 were selected from the progenies of the indica cross Zhenshan 97B/Milyang 46. Seeds were harvested from each of the seven plants, and the resultant F2：3 populations were used for fine mapping of C gene. It was shown in the populations that the apiculus coloration matched to basal leaf sheath coloration in each plant. By relating the coloration performances of the populations with the genotypic compositions of the RHLs, the C locus was located between rice SSR markers RM314 and RM253. By using a total of 1279 F2：3 individuals from two populations showing coloration segregation, the C locus was then located between RM111 and RM253, with genetic distances of 0.7 cM to RM111 and 0.4 cM to RM253. Twenty-two recombinants found in the two populations were assayed with seven more markers located between RM111 and RM253, including six SSR markers and one marker for the C gene candidate, OsCl. The C locus was delimited to a 59.3-kb region in which OsC1 was located.

关键词： C locus fine mapping candidate gene residual heterozygous line rice

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协方差结构模型不收敛原因及解决方法

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中国流通经济 2008年第5期22卷 34-36页

作者：庄菁北京物资学院国际交流中心北京市101149

协方差结构模型实际上是一般线性模型的扩展,它主要利用一定的统计手段对复杂的理论模式加以处理,并根据各种拟合指数对模型作出检验与评价,从而达到证实或证伪事先假设的理论模型的目的。笔者在利用协方差结构模型对北京市居民住房消... 详细信息

协方差结构模型实际上是一般线性模型的扩展,它主要利用一定的统计手段对复杂的理论模式加以处理,并根据各种拟合指数对模型作出检验与评价,从而达到证实或证伪事先假设的理论模型的目的。笔者在利用协方差结构模型对北京市居民住房消费行为和意愿进行量化研究时发现协方差结构模型存在不收敛问题,文章提出,导致模型不收敛的原因,一是缺失数据处理方法不当,可采用期望最大化算法(EM算法)和马尔科夫链蒙特卡罗法(MCMC算法)处理数据缺失;二是变量间存在多重共线性,可去掉设置不合理的潜变量以避免共线性问题;三是模型过于复杂,收敛条件苛刻,可调整模型使之简单化,并重新设定收敛条件,促使模型收敛。

关键词：协方差结构模型变量设置模型拟合收敛条件

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论墨西哥传统音乐的文化取向

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人民音乐 2009年第3期 78-81页

作者：庄静中央民族大学音乐学院音乐系讲师

墨西哥的音乐文化向来被人们认为主要受到了白人带来的欧洲音乐文化的影响。但是从历史上看，早在公元前1500-前900年期间，在墨西哥这片大地上就诞生了奥尔梅克、玛雅、特奥蒂瓦坎、托尔特克、阿兹特克等诸多印第安文化。既然处于印第... 详细信息

墨西哥的音乐文化向来被人们认为主要受到了白人带来的欧洲音乐文化的影响。但是从历史上看，早在公元前1500-前900年期间，在墨西哥这片大地上就诞生了奥尔梅克、玛雅、特奥蒂瓦坎、托尔特克、阿兹特克等诸多印第安文化。既然处于印第安文化的中心位置，为什么在音乐上却反其道而行之？实际上，印第安人的文化特征在典型的墨西哥传统音乐中已经几乎没有明显的体现，难道一切原因都归咎于欧洲历史上的那次大发现吗？

关键词：传统音乐墨西哥文化取向印第安文化欧洲历史音乐文化特奥蒂瓦坎中心位置

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学校体育伤害事故法律归责及预防措施研究

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武汉体育学院学报 2014年第1期48卷 53-56页

作者：庄静华中科技大学武昌分校湖北武汉430074

以《民法通则》、《教育法》和《体育法》等现有法规为基础,依据体育教育学、学校体育学、体育管理学和体育法学等相关知识,运用文献资料法、问卷调查法、个案分析法和逻辑分析法对我国学校体育伤害事故法律法规进行系统研究,确定了事... 详细信息

以《民法通则》、《教育法》和《体育法》等现有法规为基础,依据体育教育学、学校体育学、体育管理学和体育法学等相关知识,运用文献资料法、问卷调查法、个案分析法和逻辑分析法对我国学校体育伤害事故法律法规进行系统研究,确定了事故处理中的过错责任原则、无过错原则和公平责任原则,明晰了学校、体育教师和学生在各类体育伤害事故中的法律责任,并提出了学校体育伤害事故预防对策:加强体育课和体育活动中的管理、加大学校体育伤害事故立法力度、不断完善体育保险保障体系、推进处理程序标准化进程。

关键词：体育伤害法律归责预防措施

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