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Atmospheric dispersion of chemical,biological,and radiological hazardous pollutants:Informing risk assessment for public safety

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Journal of Safety Science and Resilience 2022年第4期3卷 372-397页

作者： Xiaole Zhang Jing Wang Institute of Environmental Engineering(IfU) ETH ZürichZürichCH 8093Switzerland Laboratory for Advanced Analytical Technologies EmpaDübendorfCH 8600Switzerland

Modern society is confronted with emerging threats from chemical,biological,and radiological(CBR)hazardous substances,which are intensively utilized in the chemical,medical,and energy industries.The atmospheric dis-persion of released CBR hazardous pollutants can influence a large percentage of the population owing to their rapid process with extensive spatial coverage.It is important to comprehensively understand the behaviors of the released CBR pollutants in the atmosphere to fully evaluate the risks and protect public safety.In this study,we reviewed the advancements in the atmospheric transport of CBR pollutants,including the urban atmospheric boundary layer,unique concepts,and models for CBR pollutants.We underlined the development of innovative methodologies(e.g.,inverse estimation and data assimilation methods)for the atmospheric transport of acciden-tally released CBR pollutants to reduce uncertainties in emissions and accumulated errors during dispersion by combining numerical models with monitoring data.Finally,we introduced progress in quantitative risk assess-ment,including exposure assessment and dose-response relationships for CBR hazardous pollutants.A framework,source,assimilation,fundamentals,exposure,and risk(SAFER),has been proposed to integrate the key compo-nents in the risk assessment of airborne CBR hazardous pollutants.These methods and models can contribute to effective risk preparedness,prevention,evidence-based policymaking,and emergency response to airborne CBR pollutants.

关键词： Atmospheric dispersion Bioaerosols Toxic and flammable chemicals Radiation Nuclear accident Industrial accident Data assimilation Dose-response relations Exposure Quantitative risk assessment Probabilistic risk assessment

Effect of alloying on the carrier dynamics in high-performance perovskite solar cells

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2022年第5期31卷 267-274页

作者： Jing Wang Wan-Jian Yin College of Energy Soochow Institute for Energy and Materials InnovationS(SIEMIS)Soochow UniversitySuzhou 215006JiangsuChina Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory for Advanced Carbon Materials and Wearable Energy Technologies Soochow UniversitySuzhou 215006JiangsuChina Light Industry Institute of Electrochemical Power Sources Soochow UniversitySuzhou 215006JiangsuChina

High-efficiency solar cells often require light absorbers prepared from alloys, such as Cd Te_(1-x)Se_(x),CuIn_(x)Ga_(1-x)Se_(2), Cu_(2)ZnSnS_(4-x)Se_(x), and(Cs_(x)FA_(1-x))Pb(I_(1-y)Br_(y))_(3). However, how alloying affects solar cell performance is poorly understood, and determining common features associated with alloying is of significant interest. Herein, we studied the correlation between the A/X site compositional ratio and the photogenerated carrier dynamics using mixed halide perovskites(Cs_(x)FA_(1-x))Pb(I_(1-y)Br_(y))_(3)as examples.Nonadiabatic molecular dynamics calculations demonstrated that charge carrier recombination is highly sensitive to the compositional ratio at the A/X-site. The enhanced lifetime is attributable to the suppression of atomic fluctuations, the weakening of electron-phonon coupling, and a reduction in the electrontransition probability between band edges. The optimal Br concentration was determined to be ~18%, in agreement with experimental observations. This study not only advances our understanding of why mixed perovskites usually exhibit superior experimental photoelectric properties, but also provides a route for optimizing the carrier lifetimes and efficiencies of perovskite solar cells.

关键词： Alloy Nonradiative recombination Mixed-element perovskites Perovskite solar cell

New insights into the role of the immune inhibitory receptor VSTM1 in autoimmune disease

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Cellular & Molecular Immunology 2024年第1期21卷 95-96页

作者： Najun Miaol Jing Wang Center for Immune-related Diseases at Shanghai Institute of Immunology Rujin HospitalShanghai Jiao Tong University School of MedicineShanghaiChina

Immune inhibitory receptors(IRs)are germline-encoded transmembrane receptors that function as negative regulators of immune cells and dampen the cellular response to keep the immune system in balance^([1]).There are more than 300 potential immune IRs encoded in the human genome^([2]).The most studied IRs in cancer immunity are programmed cell death protein 1,cytotoxic T lymphocyte protein 4 in T cells,and killer cell Ig-like IRs on NK cells^([3]).

关键词： immunity immune autoimmune

Analysis of load status and management strategies of main caregivers of patients with malignant tumors of digestive tract

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World Journal of Gastrointestinal Oncology 2023年第6期15卷 973-978页

作者： Xiao-Yan wang Jing Wang Shu Zhang Emergency Department West China Hospital of Sichuan UniversityChengdu 610000Sichuan ProvinceChina ENT(Ear-Nose-Throat)Department Chengdu Hospital of Combination of Chinese Traditional and Western MedicineChengdu 610000Sichuan ProvinceChina

Caregiver load refers to the subjective and objective negative impact of caregivers in the care of patients,and excessive load will have a serious impact on patients and caregivers themselves and can reduce their quality of life.For the main caregivers,it not only needs to care for the patients in life and daily life,but also needs to pay the cost of treatment for the patients,coupled with the need to carry out their own original work,life,etc.excessive life pressure,economic pressure,work pressure,emotional pressure,etc.lead to heavy load of the main caregivers,which can easily cause caregivers to have different degrees of psychological problems,which will cause serious adverse effects on the caregivers themselves and cancer patients,not conducive to the construction of a harmonious family and society.This article analyzes the current situation of primary caregiver burden in patients with gastrointestinal malignant tumors,analyzes its influencing factors,and specifies specific treatment strategies.It is hoped to provide scientific guidance for later related research and application.

关键词： Malignant tumors Digestive tract Primary caregivers Current load situation Handling measures

Matrix stiffness regulates osteoclast fate through integrin-dependent mechanotransduction

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Bioactive Materials 2023年第9期27卷 138-153页

作者： Xiaogang wang Luli Ji Jing Wang Changsheng Liu State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering East China University of Science and TechnologyShanghai200237PR China Key Laboratory for Ultrafine Materials of Ministry of Education East China University of Science and TechnologyShanghai200237PR China

Osteoclasts ubiquitously participate in bone homeostasis,and their aberration leads to bone diseases,such as osteoporosis.Current clinical strategies by biochemical signaling molecules often perturb innate bone metabolism owing to the uncontrolled management of osteoclasts.Thus,an alternative strategy of precise regulation for osteoclast differentiation is urgently needed.To this end,this study proposed an assumption that mechanic stimulation might be a potential strategy.Here,a hydrogel was created to imitate the physiological bone microenvironment,with stiffnesses ranging from 2.43kPa to 68.2kPa.The impact of matrix stiffness on osteoclast behaviors was thoroughly investigated.Results showed that matrix stiffness could be harnessed for directing osteoclast fate in vitro and in vivo.In particular,increased matrix stiffness inhibited the integrinβ3-responsive RhoA-ROCK2-YAP-related mechanotransduction and promoted osteoclastogenesis.Notably,preosteoclast development is facilitated by medium-stiffness hydrogel(M-gel)possessing the same stiffness as vessel ranging from 17.5 kPa to 44.6 kPa by partial suppression of mechanotransduction,which subsequently encouraged revascularization and bone regeneration in mice with bone defects.Our works provide an innovative approach for finely regulating osteoclast differentiation by selecting the optimum matrix stiffness and enable us further to develop a matrix stiffness-based strategy for bone tissue engineering.

关键词： Stiffness Mechanotransduction Osteoclast Integrin Bone repair

Limiting current oxygen sensor based on Y,In co-doped SrTiO_(3)as a dense diffusion barrier layer

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Nano Research 2022年第6期15卷 4880-4885页

作者： Ke Shan Zhongzhou Yi Jing Wang College of Science Honghe UniversityMengzi 661199China

A novel dense diffusion barrier material(Y_(x)Sr_(1−x)Ti_(0.9)In_(0.1)O_(3−δ)(x=0.03,0.05,0.07))was prepared by using a sol-gel method.The crystal structure,microstructures,electrical conductivity and ionic conductivity of barrier material were characterized.The results show that the samples exhibit the formation of cubic perovskite structure phase.The increase of Y-doping amount on A-site improved electrical conductivity and sinterability of materials.A limiting current oxygen sensor based on Y_(0.07)Sr_(0.97)Ti_(0.9)In_(0.1)O_(3–δ)as a dense diffusion barrier shows excellent sensing performance.The linear relationship between limiting current logIL and 1000/T can described logIL=4.603,8−3.847,5·1,000/T.At 750°C,0.25%≤x(O_(2))≤5.0%,the linear relationship between limiting current(IL)and oxygen amount(x(O_(2)))can described as I_(L)=7.047,6+3.875,1·x(O_(2)).

关键词： limiting current oxygen sensor dense diffusion barrier strontium titanate mixed conductivity

Photocatalytic nonoxidative coupling of methane to ethylene over carbon-doped ZnO/Au catalysts

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Science China Chemistry 2023年第11期66卷 3252-3261页

作者： Jing Wang Yuhao Peng Wei Xiao College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences Hubei Key Laboratory of Electrochemical Power SourcesWuhan UniversityWuhan 430072China

A photocatalytic nonoxidative coupling of methane to multi-carbon compounds remains a huge challenge due to its high dissociation energy of C–H bonds and sluggish charge carrier dynamics.Au-modified carbon-doped ZnO(C-ZnO/Au)photocatalyst is constructed by an interfacial modification-assisted self-assembly approach for efficient photocatalytic nonoxidative coupling of methane to ethylene and hydrogen(2CH_4=C_2H_4+2H_2).Benefitting from the presence of C-ZnO/Au interfaces,the catalyst not only weakens the excitonic confinement to improve the photogenerated charge carrier separation,but also enhances the stability of lattice oxygen to suppress C_2H_4 overoxidation.Moreover,this hybrid catalyst also accelerates the generation of Zn~+–O~–pairs to activate C–H bonds,stabilizes the important reaction intermediate(*OCH_3)to achieve the C–C coupling,and promotes the generation of low-valence Zn to accelerate the dehydrogenation of the*OC_2H_5 into C_2H_4.Therefore,a stable photocatalytic methane conversion performance can be achieved over C-ZnO/Au heterojunctions with a stoichiometric generation of the oxidation product(C_2H_4,45.85μmol g~(-1)h~(-1))and reduction product(H_2,88.07μmol g~(-1)h~(-1)).This work provides deep insights into the elemental doping and oxide/Au interfaces for the enhanced photocatalytic activity and product selectivity under mild conditions in the absence of extra oxidants.

关键词： carbon-doped ZnO charge separation C–H bond activation photocatalytic nonoxidative coupling of methane

A novel and powerful approach for designing future crops—target editing promoter overcomes tradeoffs caused by gene pleiotropy

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Science China(Life Sciences) 2022年第10期65卷 2128-2130页

作者： Qingqing Hou Jing Wang Xuewei Chen State Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Exploration and Utilization in Southwest China and Rice Research Institute Sichuan Agricultural University at WenjiangChengdu 61l130China

Over the past decades,crop breeding has undergone genetic improvement through semi-dwarfness,heterosis,and ideal plant architecture,which increases yield tremendously to feed the growing population worldwide.However,crop breeding is still largely constrained by tradeoffs among different agronomic traits,such as negative correlation between seed size and number.

关键词： breeding crops dwarf

Personalized HRTF Prediction Based on Light GBM Using Anthropometric Data

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China Communications 2023年第6期20卷 166-177页

作者： Yinliang Qiu Jing Wang Zhiyu Li School of Information and Electronics Beijing Institute of TechnologyBeijing 100876China

This paper proposes a personalized headrelated transfer function(HRTF)prediction method based on Light GBM using anthropometric data.Considering the overfitting problems of the current training-based prediction methods,we use Light GBM and a specific network structure to prevent over-fitting and enhance the prediction performance.By decomposing and combining the data to be predicted,we set up 90 Light GBM models to separately predict the 90instants of HRTF in log domain.At the same time,the method of 10-fold cross-validation is used to score the accuracy of the model.For models with scores below 80 points,Bayesian optimization is used to adjust model hyperparameters to obtain a better model structure.The results obtained by Light GBM are evaluated with spectral distortion(SD)which can show the fitting error between the prediction and the original data.The mean SD values of both ears on the whole test set are 2.32 d B and 2.28 d B respectively.Compared with the non-linear regression method and the latest method,SD value of Light GBM-based method relatively decreases by 83.8%and 48.5%.

关键词： personalized HRTF anthropometric data LightGBM over-fitting