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Permafrost carbon cycle and its dynamics on the Tibetan Plateau

Science China Life Sciences 2024年

作者： Leiyi Chen Guibiao Yang Yuxuan Bai jinfeng chang Shuqi Qin Futing Liu Mei He Yutong Song Fan Zhang Josep Pe?uelas Biao Zhu Guoying Zhou Yuanhe Yang Key Laboratory of Tibetan Medicine Research Chinese Academy of Sciences State Key Laboratory of Vegetation and Environmental change Institute of Botany Chinese Academy of Sciences China National Botanical Garden College of Environmental and Resource Sciences Zhejiang University Key Laboratory of Forest Ecology and Environment of National Forestry and Grassland Administration Ecology and Nature Conservation Institute Chinese Academy of Forestry University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC) Global Ecology Unit CREAF-CSIC-UAB (Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona) Centre for Ecological Research and Forestry (CREAF) Barcelona Institute of Ecology College of Urban and Environmental Sciences and Key Laboratory for Earth Surface Processes of the Ministry of Education Peking University Northwest Institute of Plateau Biology Chinese Academy of Sciences

Our knowledge on permafrost carbon（C） cycle is crucial for understanding its feedback to climate warming and developing nature-based solutions for mitigating climate change. To understand the characteristics of permafrost C cycle on the Tibetan Plateau, the largest alpine permafrost region around the world, we summarized recent advances including the stocks and fluxes of permafrost C and their responses to thawing, and depicted permafrost C dynamics within this century. We find that this alpine permafrost region stores approximately 14.1 Pg(1 Pg=1015g) of soil organic C（SOC） in the top 3 m. Both substantial gaseous emissions and lateral C transport occur across this permafrost region. Moreover, the mobilization of frozen C is expedited by permafrost thaw, especially by the formation of thermokarst landscapes,which could release significant amounts of C into the atmosphere and surrounding water bodies. This alpine permafrost region nevertheless remains an important C sink, and its capacity to sequester C will continue to increase by 2100. For future perspectives, we would suggest developing long-term in situ observation networks of C stocks and fluxes with improved temporal and spatial coverage, and exploring the mechanisms underlying the response of ecosystem C cycle to permafrost thaw. In addition, it is essential to improve the projection of permafrost C dynamics through in-depth model-data fusion on the Tibetan Plateau.

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Use,calibration and verification of agroecologicalmodels for boreal environments:A review

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Grassland Research 2022年第1期1卷 14-30页

作者： Daniel Forster Samuli Helama Matthew T.Harrison Clarence Alan Rotz jinfeng chang Phillippe Ciais Elizabeth Pattey Perttu Virkajärvi Narasinha Shurpali Production Systems/Grasslands and Sustainable Farming Natural Resources Institute Finland(LUKE)MaaninkaFinland Natural Resources Institute Finland(Luke) RovaniemiFinland Tasmanian Institute of Agriculture University of TasmaniaLauncestonTasmaniaAustralia USDA/Agricultural Research Service University ParkPennsylvaniaUSA College of Environmental and Resource Sciences Zhejiang UniversityHangzhouChina Laboratoire des Sciences du Climat et de l'Environnment LSCE/IPSLCEA-CNRS-UVSQUniversitéParis-SaclayGif-sur-YvetteFrance Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada Ottawa Research and Development CentreCentral Experimental FarmOttawaOntarioCanada

Past assessments report negative impacts of the climate crisis in boreal areas;but milder and shorter winters and elevated atmospheric CO_(2) may provide opportunities for agricultural productivity potentially playing a significant role in future food security.Arable cropping systems are expanding in boreal areas,but the regional mainstay will likely continue to be livestock production.Agroecological models can when appropriately calibrated and evaluated,facilitate improved productivity while minimising environmental impacts by identifying system interactions,and quantifying greenhouse gas emissions,soil carbon stocks and fertiliser use.While models designed for temperate and tropical zones abound,few are developed specifically for boreal zones,and there is uncertainty around the performance of existing models in boreal areas.We reviewed model performance across boreal environments and management systems.We identified a dearth of modelling studies in boreal regions,with the publication of three or less papers per year since the year 2000,constituting a significant research gap.Models IFSM and BASGRA_N performed best in grassland production,DNDC best in predicting soil N_(2)O and NH_(3) emissions.No model outperformed all others,strengthening the case for ensemble modelling.Existing agroecological models would be worthy of further evaluation,providing model improvements designed for boreal systems.

关键词： boreal region carbon-nitrogen cycling ecophysiological modelling greenhouse gas emissions soil carbon

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China’s low-emission pathways toward climate-neutral livestock production for animal-derived foods

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The Innovation 2022年第2期3卷 11-13页

作者： Rong Wang Zhaohai Bai jinfeng chang Qiushuang Li Alexander N.Hristov Pete Smith Yulong Yin Zhiliang Tan Min Wang CAS Key Laboratory for Agro-Ecological Processes in Subtropical Region National Engineering Laboratory for Pollution Control and Waste Utilization in Livestock and Poultry ProductionInstitute of Subtropical AgricultureThe Chinese Academy of SciencesChangsha 410125China Key Laboratory of Agricultural Water Resources Hebei Key Laboratory of Soil EcologyCenter for Agricultural Resources ResearchInstitute of Genetic and Developmental BiologyChinese Academy of SciencesShijiazhuang 050021China College of Environmental and Resource Sciences Zhejiang UniversityHangzhou 310058China Department of Animal Science The Pennsylvania State UniversityUniversity ParkPA 16802USA Institute of Biological and Environmental Sciences School of Biological SciencesUniversity of AberdeenAberdeen AB243UUUK

Animal-derived food production accounts for 19%of global anthropogenic greenhouse gas(GHG)emissions.Diet followed in China is ranked as lowcarbon emitting(i.e.,0.21 t CO_(2-)eq per capita in 2018,ranking at 145^(th) of 168 countries)due to the low average animal-derived food consumption rate,and preferential consumption of animal-derived foods with lower GHG emissions(i.e.,pork and eggs versus beef and milk).

关键词： ranked neutral emissions

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changes in productivity and carbon storage of grasslands in china under future global warming scenarios of 1.5℃ and 2℃

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Journal of Plant Ecology 2019年第5期12卷 804-814页

作者： Zhaoqi Wang jinfeng chang Shushi Peng Shilong Piao Philippe Ciais Richard Betts Sino-French Institute for Earth System Science College of Urban and Environmental SciencesPeking UniversityBeijing 100871China Laboratoire des Sciences du Climat et de l’Environnement LSCE/IPSLCEA-CNRS-UVSQUniversitéParis-SaclayF-91191 Gif-sur-YvetteFrance College of Life and Environmental Sciences University of ExeterExeter EX44PSUK Met Office Hadley Centre Exeter EX13PBUK

Aims the impacts of future global warming of 1.5℃ and 2℃ on the productivity and carbon(c)storage of grasslands in china are not clear yet,although grasslands in china support~45 million agricultural populations and more than 238 million livestock populations,and are sensitive to global warming.Methods this study used a process-based terrestrial ecosystem model named ORcHIDEE to simulate c cycle of alpine meadows and temperate grasslands in china.this model was driven by high-resolution(0.5°×0.5°)climate of global specific warming levels(SWL)of 1.5℃ and 2℃(warmer than pre-industrial level),which is downscaled by Ec-EARtH3-HR v3.1 with sea surface temperature and sea-ice concentration as boundary conditions from IPSL-cM5-LR(low spatial resolution,2.5°×1.5°)Earth system model(ESM).Important Findingscompared with baseline(1971-2005),the mean annual air temperature over chinese grasslands increased by 2.5℃ and 3.7℃ under SWL1.5 and SWL2,respectively.the increase in temperature in the alpine meadow was higher than that in the temperate grassland under both SWL1.5 and SWL2.Precipitation was also shown an increasing trend under SWL2 over most of the chinese grasslands.Strong increases in gross primary productivity(GPP)were simulated in the chinese grasslands,and the mean annual GPP(GPP_(MA))increased by 19.32%and 43.62%under SWL1.5 and SWL2,respectively.the c storage increased by 0.64 Pg c and 1.37 Pg c under SWL1.5 and SWL2 for 50 years simulations.the GPP_(MA) was 0.67_(0.39)^(0.88)(0.82)(model mean_(min) ^(max) (this study)),0.85_(0.45)^(1.24)(0.97)and 0.94_(0.61)^(1.30)(1.17)Pg C year^(−1) under baseline,SWL1.5 and SWL2 modeled by four cMIP5 ESMs(phase 5 of the coupled Model Inter-comparison Project Earth System Models).In contrast,the mean annual net biome productivity was−18.55_(−40.37)^(4.47)(−3.61),18.65_(−2.03)^(64.03)(10.29)and 24.15_(8.38)^(38.77)(24.93)Tg C year^(−1) under base-line,SWL1.5 and SWL2 modeled by the four cMIP5 ESMs.Our results indicated that the chinese grasslands would have higher productivity

关键词： productivity carbon storage specific warming level grassland climate change

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互联网使用对城市青年社会参与的影响研究——基于CSS2021数据的实证分析

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青年发展论坛 2024年第3期34卷 18-30页

作者：常进锋章洵西北民族大学中华民族共同体学院校江西财经大学人文学院

城市青年的社会参与是推进青年发展型城市建设的重要方式。基于“中国社会状况综合调查(CSS)”2021年数据,分析互联网使用与城市青年社会参与之间的关系,结果表明:城市青年文化参与水平较高,社区参与、政治参与水平较低;互联网的使用能... 详细信息

城市青年的社会参与是推进青年发展型城市建设的重要方式。基于“中国社会状况综合调查(CSS)”2021年数据,分析互联网使用与城市青年社会参与之间的关系,结果表明:城市青年文化参与水平较高,社区参与、政治参与水平较低;互联网的使用能够激发其社会参与意愿和行动倾向,且主要提升政治参与、文化参与、社区参与的可能性,稳健性检验后依然如此。异质性检验后发现,不同地区城市青年群体的互联网使用对其政治参与、文化参与影响依然显著,互联网使用能够拓宽政治参与渠道和提升文化参与度;中部地区城市青年互联网使用对其社区参与行为有积极影响,能够显著提升其社区参与行为和参与意愿。基于此,提出重视互联网、大力发展互联网、积极运用互联网;以持续提升互联网普及率为契机,依托青年发展型城市建设,拓展青年社会参与渠道;重视青年、看好青年、帮助青年,提升青年社会参与活力等对策建议。

关键词：互联网使用城市青年社会参与青年发展型城市 CSS

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共同富裕视角下社会工作助力第三次分配的内在逻辑与实践路径

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社会工作与管理 2024年第2期24卷 60-68页

作者：常进锋钟丽阴西北民族大学中华民族共同体学院甘肃兰州730124 四川大学国际关系学院四川成都610065 河海大学公共管理学院江苏南京210024

共同富裕作为新发展阶段的重要议题和目标,对于促进经济社会发展和实现中华民族伟大复兴具有重要作用。共同富裕的内涵是全体人民综合生活水平提高,是全域全面共同发展。实现共同富裕需要综合发挥初次分配、再分配和第三次分配制度的调... 详细信息

共同富裕作为新发展阶段的重要议题和目标,对于促进经济社会发展和实现中华民族伟大复兴具有重要作用。共同富裕的内涵是全体人民综合生活水平提高,是全域全面共同发展。实现共同富裕需要综合发挥初次分配、再分配和第三次分配制度的调节作用。第三次分配是以社会力量为主导的分配方式,社会工作作为社会力量的组成部分,在其中大有作为。历史同源性、价值契合性、信念相通性和功能匹配性成为社会工作助力第三次分配的内在逻辑。基于此,社会工作可通过帮助个体改变困境、赋能社区建设治理、弘扬社会集体文化、发挥专业角色功能等途径助力第三次分配,促进发展成果高质量、高效率的共建共享。

关键词：共同富裕社会工作第三次分配

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社会治理共同体的研究现状、热点与展望——基于CiteSpace知识图谱的分析

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攀枝花学院学报 2024年第4期41卷 67-79页

作者：常进锋袁靖翔西北民族大学中华民族共同体学院甘肃兰州730124

构建社会治理共同体是我国社会治理的应有之义。运用CiteSpace软件对2008—2023年社会治理共同体研究领域的发文量、作者及机构合作、关键词进行整理,绘制可视化知识图谱进行分析。结果发现:该领域研究发文趋势总体向好;核心作者以于水... 详细信息

构建社会治理共同体是我国社会治理的应有之义。运用CiteSpace软件对2008—2023年社会治理共同体研究领域的发文量、作者及机构合作、关键词进行整理,绘制可视化知识图谱进行分析。结果发现:该领域研究发文趋势总体向好;核心作者以于水、徐亚清、张康之等为代表;研究机构以高校为主;研究热点围绕社会治理共同体的布设、社会组织与社会治理共同体、城乡社会治理共同体三方面展开。未来应继续以马克思理论为指导,从外部力量的壮大与多学科思维互动、强化现实性分析,从应然转向实然、与中国实情结合,彰显中国特色三等方面,对社会治理共同体进行立体化、现实化、本土化、学理化研究。

关键词：社会治理共同体乡村振兴社会组织中华民族共同体意识知识图谱

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Terrestrial carbon sinks in China and around the world and their contribution to carbon neutrality

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Science China(Life Sciences) 2022年第5期65卷 861-895页

作者： Yuanhe Yang Yue Shi Wenjuan Sun jinfeng chang Jianxiao Zhu Leiyi Chen Xin Wang Yanpei Guo Hongtu Zhang Lingfei Yu Shuqing Zhao Kang Xu Jiangling Zhu Haihua Shen Yuanyuan Wang Yunfeng Peng Xia Zhao Xiangping Wang Huifeng Hu Shiping Chen Mei Huang Xuefa Wen Shaopeng Wang Biao Zhu Shuli Niu Zhiyao Tang Lingli Liu Jingyun Fang State Key Laboratory of Vegetation and Environmental change Institute of BotanyChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100093China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China College of Environmental and Resource Sciences Zhejiang UniversityHangzhou 310058China State Key Laboratory of Grassland Agro-ecosystems College of Pastoral Agriculture Science and TechnologyLanzhou UniversityLanzhou 730020China Institute of Ecology College of Urban and Environmental SciencesLaboratory for Earth Surface Processes of the Ministry of EducationPeking UniversityBeijing 100871China School of Ecology and Nature Conservation Beijing Forest UniversityBeijing 100083China Key Laboratory of Ecosystem Network Observation and Modeling Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources ResearchChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100101China

Enhancing the terrestrial ecosystem carbon sink(referred to as terrestrial C sink) is an important way to slow down the continuous increase in atmospheric carbon dioxide(CO_(2)) concentration and to achieve carbon neutrality target.To better understand the characteristics of terrestrial C sinks and their contribution to carbon neutrality,this review summarizes major progress in terrestrial C budget researches during the past decades,clarifies spatial patterns and drivers of terrestrial C sources and sinks in China and around the world,and examines the role of terrestrial C sinks in achieving carbon neutrality target.According to recent studies,the global terrestrial C sink has been increasing from a source of (-0.2±0.9) Pg C yr^(-1)(1 Pg=1015g)in the 1960s to a sink of (1.9±1.1) Pg C yr^(-1) in the 2010s.By synthesizing the published data,we estimate terrestrial C sink of 0.20–0.25 Pg C yr^(-1) in China during the past decades,and predict it to be 0.15–0.52 Pg C yr^(-1) by 2060.The terrestrial C sinks are mainly located in the mid-and high latitudes of the Northern Hemisphere,while tropical regions act as a weak C sink or source.The C balance differs much among ecosystem types:forest is the major C sink;shrubland,wetland and farmland soil act as C sinks;and whether the grassland functions as C sink or source remains unclear.Desert might be a C sink,but the magnitude and the associated mechanisms are still controversial.Elevated atmospheric CO_(2) concentration,nitrogen deposition,climate change,and land cover change are the main drivers of terrestrial C sinks,while other factors such as fires and aerosols would also affect ecosystem C balance.The driving factors of terrestrial C sink differ among regions.Elevated CO_(2) concentration and climate change are major drivers of the C sinks in North America and Europe,while afforestation and ecological restoration are additionally important forcing factors of terrestrial C sinks in China.For future studies,we recommend the necessity for intensive and long-term ecosyste

关键词： terrestrial ecosystem carbon sink carbon neutrality carbon cycle global warming

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综合算力发展现状与趋势分析

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信息通信技术与政策 2024年第2期50卷 7-11页

作者：温小振常金凤吴美希中国信息通信研究院云计算与大数据研究所北京100191

随着数字经济的快速发展,综合算力作为支撑各种应用和服务的新型生产力,其重要性日益凸显。首先,对综合算力的概念、重要性以及发展现状进行了分析和研究;其次,从算力形式、运力性能、存储技术等维度对综合算力的发展趋势进行了展望;最... 详细信息

随着数字经济的快速发展,综合算力作为支撑各种应用和服务的新型生产力,其重要性日益凸显。首先,对综合算力的概念、重要性以及发展现状进行了分析和研究;其次,从算力形式、运力性能、存储技术等维度对综合算力的发展趋势进行了展望;最后,提出了推动综合算力高质量发展的相应建议。

关键词：综合算力算力存力运力

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Pollutant emissions from biomass burning:A review on emission characteristics,environmental impacts,and research perspectives

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Particuology 2024年第2期85卷 296-309页

作者： Ke Jiang Ran Xing Zhihan Luo Wenxuan Huang Fan Yi Yatai Men Nan Zhao Zhaofeng chang jinfeng Zhao Bo Pan Guofeng shen College of Urban and Environmental Sciences Peking UniversityBeijing100871China Beijing Key Lab Plant Resources Research and Development Beijing Technology and Business UniversityBeijing100048China College of Ecology and Environment Zhengzhou UniversityZhengzhou450001China Facultyof Environmental Sciences and Engineering Kunming University of Science and TechnologyYunnan Provincial Key Laboratoryof Soil Carbon Sequestration and Pollution ControlKunming650500China Institute of Carbon Neutrality Peking UniversityBeijing100871China

Biomass is one most abundant resource on the earth providing important energies in support of so-cioeconomic development in many areas.Burning of biomass fuels comprises to nearly 10%of the total energy from anthropogenic combustion processes:however,as the burning is usually incomplete,this process yields products of incomplete combustion posing consequently significant impacts on air quality,human health,and climate change.Here,we analyzed spatiotemporal characteristics in intentional and unintentional biomass burning from different sectors,discussed impacts of biomass burning emissions on indoor and outdoor air quality,and consequent influences on human health.The global total con-sumption amount of biomass including both natural and anthropogenic sources was approximately 7900 Tg in 2019,with significantly large regional and sectorial discrepancies among regions.Globally,anthropogenic biomass burning amounts increased gradually,but notably in some developing countries like China residential consumption of biomass fuels,as one large sector of biomass use,decreased over time.Uncommercial biomass consumption needs to be accurately quantified.There are relatively rich datasets of pollutant emission factors from biomass burning,including laboratory and field tests,but still large variations exit and contribute substantially to the uncertainty in emission inventory.Global pri-mary PM2.5,black carbon and organic carbon emissions from biomass burning were about 51,4.6,and 29 Tg,respectively,contributing to nearly 70%,55%,and 90%of the total emission from all sources,and emissions from the residential sector and open fires are major sources.Brown carbon emissions from biomass burning attracts growing interests but available studies adopted different methodologies challenging the comparability of those results.Biomass burning emissions polluted not only ambient air but more severely indoor air quality,adversely affecting human health.Future studies that should be emphasized and promoted are suggested.

关键词： Biomass burning Carbonaceous aerosol Emission Air quality Human health

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