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Complex effects of different types of acid rain on root growth of Quercus acutissima and Cunninghamia lanceolata saplings

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Ecological Processes 2022年第1期11卷 51-64页

作者： Xin Liu Shilin Ma Zhaohui Jia Muhammad Ramzan Miaojing Meng Jinping Wang Chong Li Yinlong zhang jinchi zhang Co‑Innovation Center for Sustainable Forestry in Southern China Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Soil and Water Conservation and Ecological RestorationNanjing Forestry University159 Longpan RoadNanjing 210037JiangsuChina Co‑Innovation Center for Sustainable Forestry in Southern China Nanjing Forestry University159 Longpan RoadNanjing 210037JiangsuChina

Background:Soil acidification caused by acid rain(AR)can damage plant roots,which in turn negatively impacts plant health.In response to changing AR types,research efforts to elucidate their specific impacts on plants have become intense.Methods:For this study,we investigated the effects of simulated sulfuric,nitric,and mixed AR on the root systems of Quercus acutissima Carr.and Cunninghamia lanceolata(Lamb.)Hook.under different acidity levels.Results:As the AR S/N ratio and pH decreased,the height growth rate(HGR),basal diameter growth rate(DGR),total root length(TRL)and total root surface area(TRS)of C.lanceolata decreased,whereas the TRL and TRS of Q.acutissima remained the same.When the NO_(3)^(−)concentration in AR was increased,the root activity,superoxide dismutase(SOD)and catalase(CAT)activities of C.lanceolata roots revealed a downward trend;however,the root activity of Q.acutissima and the peroxidase(POD)activity of C.lanceolata roots revealed an upward trend.Further,redundant analysis and structural equation models indicated that AR pH had a greater impact on the HGR of Q.acutissima than that of C.lanceolata,while the impact of the AR S/N ratio on C.lanceolata growth rates was greater than that of Q.acutissima.Conclusions:Our results suggested that the root systems of different tree species had variable responses to AR,and the AR S/N ratio was an important factor affecting plant root growth.This might facilitate new strategies for the culti‑vation and protection of plantations in the future.

关键词： Sulfuric and nitric acid rain Root growth Root morphology Root activity Antioxidant enzyme activity

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Impact of monoculture of poplar on rhizosphere microbial communities over time

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Pedosphere 2020年第4期30卷 487-495页

作者： Qian LU jinchi zhang Lisha CHEN Department of Water and Soil Conservation College of ForestryNanjing Forestry UniversityNanjing 210037China

To date, research on the adverse effects of continuous cropping has focused on field crops;forest plantations, despite their very significant economic and ecological value, have received less attention. The evolution of microbial community in the rhizosphere of forest plantations, in particular, has rarely been examined. In this study, changes in the size, composition, and structure of bacterial and fungal communities in the rhizosphere of different generations of poplar (Populus deltoides) plantations were studied using real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and PCR-denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis and compared with the composition of the microbial community in a bare land (control) adjacent to the plantation sites through sequencing analysis and by constructing phylogenetic trees. The numbers of bacteria and fungi increased significantly with successive poplar generations, although the increases in the two groups were not parallel. When compared with the control, the bacterial community increased greatly in the second generation, and the most significant increase occurred in the third generation. In contrast, the most significant increase in the fungal community occurred in the first generation, and the increase in the third generation was insignificant. In terms of community composition, the first generation showed little change in either community;however, the second generation showed remarkable changes in the bacterial community, and the third in the fungal community. The numbers of Gammaproteobacteria,Alphaproteobacteria, and Actinobacteria increased by 10.92%, 7.38%, and 5.46%, respectively, whereas those of Acidobacteria decreased by 18.38%in the second generation. These changes in the number and composition of microbial communities in the rhizosphere could be one of the reasons for the decline in yield and quality associated with long-term monoculture.

关键词： bacterial community continuous cropping denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis forest plantations fungal community polymerase chain reaction Populus deltoides

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Maximum Data Generation Rate Routing Protocol Based on Data Flow Controlling Technology for Rechargeable Wireless Sensor Networks

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2019年第5期59卷 649-667页

作者： Demin Gao Shuo zhang Fuquan zhang Xijian Fan jinchi zhang College of Information Science and Technology Nanjing Forestry UniversityNanjing210037China Department of Computer Science and Engineering University of MinnesotaMinneapolis MN55455USA

For rechargeable wireless sensor networks,limited energy storage capacity,dynamic energy supply,low and dynamic duty cycles cause that it is unpractical to maintain a fixed routing path for packets delivery permanently from a source to destination in a distributed scenario.Therefore,before data delivery,a sensor has to update its waking schedule continuously and share them to its neighbors,which lead to high energy expenditure for reestablishing path links frequently and low efficiency of energy utilization for collecting packets.In this work,we propose the maximum data generation rate routing protocol based on data flow controlling technology.For a sensor,it does not share its waking schedule to its neighbors and cache any waking schedules of other sensors.Hence,the energy consumption for time synchronization,location information and waking schedule shared will be reduced significantly.The saving energy can be used for improving data collection rate.Simulation shows our scheme is efficient to improve packets generation rate in rechargeable wireless sensor networks.

关键词： Wireless sensor networks maximum data generation rate rechargeable-WSNs

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Soil enzyme activities and their indication for fertility of urban forest soil

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Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering 2008年第2期2卷 218-223页

作者： Qihua SHAN Yuanchun YU Jian YU jinchi zhang College of Forest Resource and Environment Nanjing Forestry UniversityNanjing 210037China College of Territorial Resources and Tourism Anhui Normal UniversityWuhu 241000China

To reveal the biological characteristics of urban forest soil and the effects of soil enzyme on soil fertility as well as the correlation between physicochemical properties and enzyme activities,44 urban forest soil profiles in Nanjing were investigated.Basic soil physicochemical properties and enzyme activities were analyzed in the laboratory.Hydrogen peroxidase,dehydrogenase,alkaline phosphatase,and cellulase were determined by potassium permanganate titration,TTC(C_(19)H_(15)N_(4)·Cl)colorimetry,phenyl phosphate dinatrium colorimetry,and anthrone colorimetry,respectively.The result showed that soil pH,organic carbon(C),and total nitrogen(N)had great effects on hydrogen peroxidase,dehydrogenase,and alkaline phosphatase activities in 0–20 cm thick soil.However,pH only had great effect on hydrogen peroxidase,dehydrogenase,and alkaline phosphatase activities in 20–40 cm thick soil.Hydrogen peroxidase,dehydrogenase,and alkaline phosphatase were important biological indicators for the fertility of urban forest soil.Both in 0–20 cmand 20–40 cmsoil,soil enzyme system(hydrogen peroxidase,dehydrogenase,alkaline phosphatase,and cellulase)had a close relationship with a combination of physicochemical indicators pH,organic C,total N,available K,available P,cation exchange capacity(CEC),and microbial biomass carbon(C_(mic)).The more soil enzyme activities there were,the higher the fertility of urban forest soil.

关键词： urban forest soil enzyme activities soil fertility correlation analysis Nanjing

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Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi communities associated with wild plants in a coastal ecosystem

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Journal of Forestry Research 2021年第2期32卷 683-695页

作者： Jinping Wang Shilin Ma G.Geoff Wang Linhao Xu Zhiyuan Fu Juan Song jinchi zhang Co-Innovation Center for Sustainable Forestry in Southern China Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Soil and Water Conservation and Ecological RestorationNanjing Forestry University159 Longpan RoadNanjing 210037JiangsuChina Department of Forestry and Environmental Conservation Clemson UniversityClemsonSC 29634USA

Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi(AMF)form a near-ubiquitous mutualistic association with roots to help plants withstand harsh environments,and play a key role in the establishment of coastal beach plant communities.Yet little is known about the structure and composition of AMF communities on coastal beaches of eastern China.In this study,we investigated the occurrence,community composition and diversity of AMF associated with common wild plants on a coastal beach of North Jiangsu,China.Almost all of the local wild species were colonized by AMF except for Chenopodium album L.Thirty-seven AMF species were isolated from the rhizosphere belonging to 12 genera in seven families.Glomus was the dominant genus and Funneliformis mosseae the dominant species.The colonization,spore composition and diversity of AMF were strongly related to edaphic factors.Sodium(Na^(+))ions in the soil significantly and negatively affected the colonization rate by AMF and both soil Na^(+)levels and pH had a significant negative effect on AMF spore density and evenness.However,there was a significant positive correlation between species richness and total organic carbon.The results provide insights into soil factors affecting native AMF communities in coastal beach habitats which could benefit vegetation recovery and soil reclamation efforts.

关键词： AMF diversity Coastal beach Edaphic factors Mycorrhizal composition Wild hosts

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Predicted climate change will increase landslide risk in Hanjiang River Basin， China

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Journal of Earth Science 2021年

作者： Xinggang Tang Lingjian Wang Huiyong Wang Yingdan Yuan Dou Huang jinchi zhang Co-Innovation Center for Sustainable Forestry in Southern China， Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Soil and Water Conservation and Ecological Restoration， Nanjing Forestry University Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Physiology， College of Horticulture and Plant Protection， Yangzhou University

Landslides are widespread geomorphological phenomena with complex mechanisms that have caused extensive causalities and property damage worldwide. The scale and frequency of landslides are presently increasing owing to the warming effects of climate change， which further increases the associated safety risks. In this study， the relationship between historical landslides and environmental variables in the Hanjiang River Basin was determined and an optimized model was used to constrain the relative contribution of variables and best spatial response curve. The optimal MaxEnt model was used to predict the current distribution of landslides and influence of future rainfall changes on the landslide susceptibility. The results indicate that environmental variables in the study area statistically correlate with landslide events over the past 20 years. The MaxEnt model evaluation was applied to landslide hazards in the Hanjiang River Basin based on current climate change scenarios. The results indicate that 25.9% of the study area is classified as a high-risk area. The main environmental variables that affect the distribution of landslides include altitude， slope， normalized difference vegetation index， annual precipitation， distance from rivers， and distance from roads， with a cumulative contribution rate of approximately 90%. The annual rainfall in the Hanjiang River Basin will continue to increase under future climate warming scenarios. Increased rainfall will further increase the extent of high- and medium-risk areas in the basin， especially when following the RCP8.5 climate prediction， which is expected to increase the high-risk area by 10.7% by 2070. Furthermore， high landslide risk areas in the basin will migrate to high-altitude areas in the future， which poses new challenges for the prevention and control of landslide risks. This study demonstrates the usefulness of the MaxEnt model as a tool for landslide susceptibility prediction in the Hanjiang River Basin caused by global warming and yields robust prediction

关键词： Hanjiang River Basin climate change environmental factor landslide susceptibility assessment MaxEnt model

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岩土高效溶蚀菌株Bt NL-11发酵条件优化及应用效果分析

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南京林业大学学报（自然科学版） 2024年第3期48卷 71-80页

作者：王凌剑贾赵辉张金池唐兴港孙昕孟苗婧刘鑫南京林业大学水土保持学院、林草学院江苏省水土保持与生态修复重点实验室江苏南京210037 南京林业大学南方现代林业协同创新中心江苏南京210037

【目的】为科学治理废弃矿山边坡,探究土壤细菌永久绿化法在生态修复中的应用与推广,对分离筛选出的高效溶蚀菌株进行发酵条件优化及应用效果分析。【方法】从南京幕府山风化岩壁土壤中分离出多种溶蚀微生物,并从中挑选出1种表现突出的... 详细信息

【目的】为科学治理废弃矿山边坡,探究土壤细菌永久绿化法在生态修复中的应用与推广,对分离筛选出的高效溶蚀菌株进行发酵条件优化及应用效果分析。【方法】从南京幕府山风化岩壁土壤中分离出多种溶蚀微生物,并从中挑选出1种表现突出的溶蚀细菌菌株NL-11[经16S rRNA鉴定为苏云金芽孢杆菌(Bacillus thuringiensis,Bt)]进行发酵条件优化,利用盆栽试验观测其应用效果。首先利用单因素和Plackett Burman(PB)试验筛选出影响菌株生长的3个主要因素,即装液量、培养温度和时间;在此基础上使用最陡爬坡路径逼近最大响应区域;再利用Box-Behnken试验设计及响应面分析法进行回归分析;最后通过比较预测值与实测值验证模型可靠性。利用优化结果制备菌液,将制备好的菌液调节为低(10 cfu/mL)、中(1×10^(5)cfu/mL)和高(1×10^(9)cfu/mL)3种菌液浓度拌入基质(分别为T1、T2、T3处理)进行盆栽试验,设置不加菌液的处理为空白对照(CK),研究不同浓度菌液对矿物风化、植物和根系生长的促进作用。【结果】模型准确可靠,菌株NL-11的最佳发酵培养条件为:装液量19.51 mL,接种量2%(体积分数),初始pH 7.0,培养温度30.30℃,培养时间22.07 h,在此优化条件下发酵液中活菌数达到1.47×10^(10)cfu/mL,是未优化前的2.03倍。盆栽试验结果表明,菌株NL-11能够促进矿物风化,以高浓度菌液效果最显著;NL-11能够促进矿质养分溶解,以高浓度菌液效果最显著;NL-11能够促进植物及根系生长,以中浓度效果最显著。【结论】通过优化试验显著提高了菌株NL-11的发酵活菌产量,为菌株在边坡治理中的应用提供技术支持,综合评价菌株的应用效果并考虑生产成本等因素,喷播实践中的合适菌液浓度为1×10^(5)cfu/mL。

关键词：生态修复苏云金芽孢杆菌发酵条件优化 Box-Behnken设计

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Studies in Brain Functional Networks Based on Complex Networks

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Journal of Control Science and Engineering 2014年第1期2卷 28-34页

作者： Bin Nie jinchi zhang Lanhua zhang Yujuan Li Shaowei Xue College of lnformation and Engineering Taishan Medical University Taian 271016 China Center for Cognition and Brain Disorders Hangzhou Normal University Hangzhou 310036 China

The purpose of the paper is to provide a way to model the brain functional network based on the complex networks with brain anatomical architecture. We introduce the brain structural and functional researches, and delineate the brain anatomical and functional networks based on complex networks, then we discuss the brain functional complex network models; at last we put forward the brain functional networks modeling process and the data processing with fMRI (functional magnetic resonance imaging) in detailed.

关键词：控制学控制论学习机理论最优控制

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铱的溶解造液技术研究现状

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中国资源综合利用 2024年第1期42卷 109-112,116页

作者：张金池刘贵清王芳龚卫星张帆江苏北矿金属循环利用科技有限公司江苏徐州221121

随着我国科技和经济水平的不断进步,铱在高精尖领域的需求量逐年增长。然而,铱的原生矿产资源极为稀缺,从二次资源中高效回收铱具有重要意义。其中,铱的高效溶解造液是行业一大难题,严重制约铱回收行业的发展。本文综述铱的溶解造液技术... 详细信息

随着我国科技和经济水平的不断进步,铱在高精尖领域的需求量逐年增长。然而,铱的原生矿产资源极为稀缺,从二次资源中高效回收铱具有重要意义。其中,铱的高效溶解造液是行业一大难题,严重制约铱回收行业的发展。本文综述铱的溶解造液技术,包括金属活化法、碱熔法、加压消解法和电化学溶解法,系统剖析和对比各种溶解技术的优缺点。现有技术存在溶解效率低、返料多、能耗高等问题,开发绿色、高效、节能的溶解造液技术是未来铱溶解技术的研究方向。

关键词：铱回收活化碱熔加压消解电化学溶解

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铱资源应用现状及市场分析

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中国资源综合利用 2024年第2期42卷 121-123页

作者：张金池刘贵清龚卫星张帆王芳解雪江苏北矿金属循环利用科技有限公司江苏徐州221121

铱作为至关重要的战略金属,广泛应用于诸多高新技术产业。然而,铱矿产资源的稀缺导致铱的价格不断攀升。因此,对铱资源现状和市场供需情况进行研究具有重要意义。本文分析国内外铱资源储备情况,介绍铱的应用领域,总结铱的市场供需情况,... 详细信息

铱作为至关重要的战略金属,广泛应用于诸多高新技术产业。然而,铱矿产资源的稀缺导致铱的价格不断攀升。因此,对铱资源现状和市场供需情况进行研究具有重要意义。本文分析国内外铱资源储备情况,介绍铱的应用领域,总结铱的市场供需情况,结合铱的价格波动曲线预测铱的未来市场,为铱的投资及回收提供参考。

关键词：铱回收矿产资源市场分析

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