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Non-invasive respiratory support for patients with novel coronavirus pneumonia:clinical efficacy and reduction in risk of infection transmission

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Chinese Medical Journal 2020年第9期133卷 1109-1111页

作者： jin-gen xia Jian-Ping Zhao Zhen-Shun Cheng Yi Hu Jun Duan Qing-Yuan Zhan Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory DiseasesChina-Japan Friendship HospitalBeijing 100029China Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine Tongji HospitalTongji Medical CollegeHuazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhanHubei 430030China Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan UniversityWuhanHubei 430071China Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine The Central Hospital of WuhanWuhanHubei 430030China Department of Surgical Intensive Care Unit China-Japan Friendship HospitalBeijing 100029China

Introduction Pneumonia caused by a novel coronavirus known as 2019 novel coronavirus disease(COVID-19)[1]appeared in Wuhan,China in December 2019,and approximately 15%to 30%of patients developed acute respiratory distress syndrome within a short period of time.[2,3]To reduce respiratory symptoms and improve prognosis,respiratory support is the most important means of life support,[1]and non-invasive respiratory support systems,[2]including various conventional oxygen therapies,non-invasive positive pressure ventilation(NPPV),and high-flow nasal cannula(HFNC),are most commonly ***,their efficacy and safety remain unclear,and whether they increase the risk of aerosol dispersion and disease transmission is particularly controversial.[4,5]Given that there are many similarities between COVID-19 pneumonia and severe acute respiratory syndrome(SARS)and Middle East respiratory syndrome(MERS),[6]this study primarily discusses clinical indications and provides details regarding the prevention of nosocomial infections during NPPV and HFNC treatment of COVID-19 pneumonia based on previous clinical data on the use of these two therapies for SARS and MERS and our experience with the treatment of COVID-19 pneumonia.

关键词： respiratory pneumonia clinical

The value of toxicological analysis in acute poisoning patients with uncertain exposure histories:a retrospective and descriptive study from an institute of poisoning

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World Journal of Emergency Medicine 2024年第2期15卷 98-104页

作者： Qifang Shi gen Ba Zhenyu xia Zhengsheng Mao Hao Sun jinsong Zhang Institute of Poisoning Nanjing Medical UniversityNanjing 211100China Department of Emergency Medicine the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical UniversityNanjing 210029China Department of Forensic Medicine Nanjing Medical UniversityNanjing 211166China The Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology of Ministry of Education Nanjing Medical UniversityNanjing 211166China

BACKGROUND:In clinical practice,some patients might not be able or unwilling to provide a thorough history of medication and poison *** aim of this study was to use toxicological analysis to examine the clinical characteristics of patients with acute poisoning whose exposure history was uncertain from a toxicological analysis ***:This was a retrospective and descriptive study from an institute of *** registration information and test reports spanning the period from April 1,2020 to March 31,2022,were *** with uncertain exposure histories and who underwent toxicological analysis were *** manifestations and categories of toxics were ***:Among the 195 patients with positive toxicological analysis results,the main causes of uncertain exposure history was disturbance of consciousness(62.6%),unawareness(23.6%)and unwillingness or lack of cooperation(13.8%).The predominant clinical manifestations were disturbed consciousness(62.6%),followed by vomiting and nausea(14.4%)and liver function abnormalities(8.7%).A comparison of clinical manifestations between patients with positive and negative(n=99)toxicological analyses results revealed significantly different proportions of disturbances in consciousness(63%vs.21%),dizziness(1.5%vs.5.1%),multi-organ failure(1.5%vs.7.1%),and local pain(0 vs 4%).The main categories of substances involved were psychiatric medications(23.1%),sedatives(20.5%),insecticides(13.8%),and herbicides(12.8%).CONCLUSION:The clinical manifestations of acute poisoning in patients with an uncertain exposure history are diverse and nonspecific,and toxicological analysis plays a pivotal role in the diagnosis and differential diagnosis of such patients.

关键词： Acute poisoning Toxic exposure Toxicological analysis Clinical manifestation

Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation support in 2019 novel coronavirus disease:indications,timing,and implementation

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Chinese Medical Journal 2020年第9期133卷 1115-1117页

作者： Min Li Si-Chao Gu xiao-jing Wu jin-gen xia Yi Zhang Qing-Yuan Zhan Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine Center of Respiratory MedicineChina-Japan Friendship HospitalBeijing 100029China National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Diseases Beijing 100029China

The 2019 novel coronavirus disease(COVID-19)has spread rapidly across Hubei province and to all regions in China owing to its person-to-person transmission and strong invasiveness targeting the lower respiratory tract.[1]By the end of February 15,2020,more than 68,000 cases of COVID-19 pneumonia had been confirmed in China,including over 1600 fatalities.[2]Most infected patients who developed COVID-19 pneumonia suffered from only mild symptoms and then completely ***,in some patients,the phenotype may rapidly progress to acute respiratory distress syndrome(ARDS)and multiorgan *** initial clinical data,collected in Wuhan jinyintan Hospital,showed that ARDS was reported in 12(29%)among 41 confirmed patients.[3]Among the 41 patients,13 patients received medical care in the intensive care unit(ICU),4 patients were provided invasive mechanical ventilations,whereas for two patients,extracorporeal membrane oxygenation(ECMO)treatment was ***,six of the 41 patients *** clinical data of 99 confirmed patients from the same hospital demonstrated that 17 in 99 patients developed ARDS;among them,three received ECMO treatment,and 11 died.[4]Another study reported that 22 in 138 cases(16%)developed into ARDS and were admitted into the ICU,of which four received ECMO.[5]

关键词： fir admitted distress

ZIF-8-functionalized polymer electrolyte with enhanced performance for high-temperature solid-state lithium metal batteries

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Rare Metals 2024年第3期43卷 984-994页

作者： jin-Fang Zhang Yuan-Yuan Wang xiao-Feng Li gen-Yan Zhang Ying Li Rong Liu Sheng-Liang Hu Tuo-Ping Hu Ruth Knibbe Qing-Bing xia School of Materials Science and Engineering North University of ChinaTaiyuan030051China School of Energy and Power Engineering North University of ChinaTaiyuan030051China School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering North University of ChinaTaiyuan030051China School of Mechanical and Mining Engineering The University of QueenslandBrisbaneQLD4072Australia

Solid polymer electrolytes(SPEs)with high ionic conductivity are desirable for solid-state lithium metal batteries(SSLMBs)to achieve enhanced safety and energy *** nanofillers into a polymeric matrix to develop nanocomposite solid electrolytes(NCSEs)has become a promising method for improving the ionic conductivity of the ***,a novel ZIF-8-functionalized NCSE was prepared for high-temperature S SLMB s using an in situ radical polymerization *** is found that the ZIF-8 nanoparticles could reduce the crystallinity of polymer segments and offer a Lewis acid surface that promotes the dissociation of lithium bis(trifluoromethanesulfonyl)imide(LiTFSI)and stabilizes the TFSI^(-) anion ***,the as-prepared NCSE exhibits an outstanding ionic conductivity of 1.63×10^(-3)S·cm^(-1),an electrochem ical stability window of 5.0 V at 80℃,and excellent interface compatibility with lithium metal anode with a stable polarization over 2000 ***,the assembled SSLMBs with LiFePO_(4)cathode show dendrite-free Li-metal surface,good rate capability,and stable cycling stability with a capacity retention of 70%over 1000 cycles at a high temperature of 80℃.This work provides valuable insights into promoting the ionic conductivity of SPEs.

关键词： Lithium metal batteries Metal-organic frameworks Solid polymer electrolytes Lithium metal anode Interfacial compatibility

Configuration Synthesis and Grasping Performance Analysis of Multi-Loop Coupling Capture Mechanism for Launch and Recovery of Torpedo-Shaped Autonomous Underwater Vehicle

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China Ocean Engineering 2024年第3期38卷 453-466页

作者： ZHANG Guo-xing xia Xin-lu GUO jin-wei School of Mechanical Engineering Jiangsu University of Science and TechnologyZhenjiang 212100China

Research of capture mechanisms with strong capture adaptability and stable grasp is important to solve the problem of launch and recovery of torpedo-shaped autonomous underwater vehicles(AUVs).A multi-loop coupling capture mechanism with strong adaptability and high retraction rate has been proposed for the launch and recovery of torpedo-shaped AUVs with different morphological ***,the principle of capturing motion retraction is described based on the appearance characteristics of torpedo-shaped AUVs,and the configuration synthesis of the capture mechanism is carried out using the method of constrained chain ***,the screw theory is employed to analyze the degree of freedom(DoF)of the capture ***,the 3D model of the capture mechanism is established,and the kinematics and dynamics simulations are carried *** with the capture orientation requirements of the capture mechanism,the statics and vibration characteristics analyses are carried ***,considering the capture process and the underwater working environment,the motion characteristics and hydraulics characteristics of the capture mechanism are ***,a principle prototype is developed and the torpedo-shaped AUVs capture experiment is *** work provides technical reserves for the research and development of AUV capture special equipment.

关键词： capture mechanism torpedo-shaped AUVs configuration synthesis launch and recovery grasping performance analysis

Improved STNModels and Heuristic Rules for Cooperative Scheduling in Automated Container Terminals

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Computer Modeling in Engineering & Sciences 2024年第2期138卷 1637-1661页

作者： Hongyan xia jin Zhu Institute of Logistics Science and Engineering Shanghai Maritime UniversityShanghai201306China

Improving the cooperative scheduling efficiency of equipment is the key for automated container terminals to copewith the development trend of large-scale ships. In order to improve the solution efficiency of the existing spacetimenetwork (STN) model for the cooperative scheduling problem of yard cranes (YCs) and automated guidedvehicles (AGVs) and extend its application scenarios, two improved STN models are proposed. The flow balanceconstraints in the original model are decomposed, and the trajectory constraints of YCs and AGVs are added toacquire the model STN_A. The coupling constraint in STN_A is updated, and buffer constraints are added toSTN_A so that themodel STN_B is *** the size of the problem increases, the solution speed of CPLEX becomesthe bottleneck. So a heuristic method containing three groups of heuristic rules is designed to obtain a near-optimalsolution quickly. Experimental results showthat the computation time of STN_A is shortened by 49.47% on averageand the gap is reduced by 1.69% on average compared with the original model. The gap between the solution ofthe heuristic rules and the solution of CPLEX is less than 3.50%, and the solution time of the heuristic rules is onaverage 99.85% less than the solution time of CPLEX. Compared with STN_A, the computation time for solvingSTN_B increases by 58.93% on average.

关键词： Automated container terminal buffer cooperative scheduling heuristic rules space-time network

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带电液体基底表面银原子的凝聚和扩散行为

物理学报 2002年第9期51卷 2144-2149页

作者：金进生夏阿根叶高翔浙江大学物理系杭州310028

研究了沉积在带电液体基底 (硅油 )表面的银原子的凝聚以及扩散行为 .先采用热阴极电子发射方法使液体基底表面均匀带电 ,然后用蒸发沉积方法将银原子沉积到带电的液体基底表面 .实验发现 :被沉积的银原子首先凝聚成直径约为 1 2 μm的... 详细信息

研究了沉积在带电液体基底 (硅油 )表面的银原子的凝聚以及扩散行为 .先采用热阴极电子发射方法使液体基底表面均匀带电 ,然后用蒸发沉积方法将银原子沉积到带电的液体基底表面 .实验发现 :被沉积的银原子首先凝聚成直径约为 1 2 μm的准圆形团簇 ,然后由于库仑排斥力作用而相互离散 ,所有团簇均向基底的四周边缘漂移 ;基底表面的团簇数密度n随时间t指数衰减 ,衰减时间常量Of≈ 1 1× 10 - 4s- 1 ;两团簇相互离散的相对平均速率V与它们之间的相对距离L在统计意义上成正比 ,即V =HL ,其中沉积刚结束时常量H≈ 2 9× 10 - 4s- 1 ,然后随扩散时间t而逐渐趋于零 .分析表明 :由于带电银原子团簇的扩散运动 ,使基底表面的电荷重新分布。

关键词：带电液体银原子薄膜扩散凝聚基底表面沉积原子团簇

Analytic Formulae for Estimating Motor Proportion of Load Model Under Small Disturbance

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CSEE Journal of Power and Energy Systems 2024年第4期10卷 1599-1607页

作者： Ping Ju Shiqiu xia Yuqing jin Lu Cao School of Electrical and Power Engineering Hohai UniversityNanjing 211100China the East China Branch of the State Grid Corporation of China Shanghai 200120China

In the composite load model(CLM),which is commonly used in China,an equivalent motor and equivalent static load are used to represent all electrical equipment and networks connected to a load *** research has determined typical values of electrical and mechanical parameters for load models of different load types,which improves the basis for load ***,the motor proportion parameter is not the same for different load buses or at different times;therefore,obtaining the actual motor proportion is key to establishing an accurate load *** the existing load modeling method,motor proportion is commonly identified along with other parameters under rare large disturbances;therefore,the value of the motor proportion is fixed by the time when a large disturbance *** this paper,formulae are derived to estimate motor proportion under small disturbances,and these formulae allow direct calculation of motor proportion without using any optimization *** proposed estimation formulae do not rely on any parameters of load model or power system but instead rely only on measurement of the voltage and active power at steady-state points before and after a small *** of universality of small disturbances in power systems,estimating time-varying motor proportion under small disturbances will be helpful for solving the time-varying problem of load ***,the proposed motor proportion estimation formulae are validated by simulations,physical experiments,and field experiments.

关键词： Composite load model load modeling motor proportion parameter estimation

Programmed death ligand 1 is overexpressed by neutrophils in the blood of immunocompromised human immunodeficiency virus-negative patients with Pneumocystis jirovecii pneumonia

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Chinese Medical Journal 2019年第10期132卷 1237-1240页

作者： Nan-Nan Zhang Xu Huang Yi Zhang jin-gen xia Min Li Zhi-Zhi Wang Wei Cui Qing-Yuan Zhan Center for Respiratory Diseases China-Japan Friendship Hospital Beijing 100029 China Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine China-Japan Friendship Hospital Beijing 100029 China National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Diseases Beijing 100029 China Graduate School of Peking Union Medical College Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences Beijing 100730 China Beijing Key Laboratory of Remodeling-Related Cardiovascular Diseases Beijing Anzhen Hospital of Capital Medical University Beijing Institute of Heart Lung and Blood Vessel Diseases Beijing 100029 China

Despite recent advances in antibiotic use, in creasing numbers of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)- negative patients with Pneumocystis jirovecii pneumonia (PCP) are being admitted to intensive care units (ICUs), and show a mortality rate of over 50%.[1] A high neutrophil count in bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) fluid is a predictor of poor prognosis in HIV-negative patients with PCP.

关键词： pneumonia neutrophils immunocompromised