检索结果-南通市图书馆

Exhausted T cells and epigenetic status

在线全文

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Cancer Biology & Medicine 2020年第4期17卷 923-936页

作者： Ziqing Zeng feng Wei Xiubao ren Department of Immunology Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and HospitalNational Clinical Research Center for CancerKey Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and TherapyTianjin's Clinical Research Center for CancerKey Laboratory of Cancer Immunology and BiotherapyTianjin 300060China Department of Biotherapy Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and HospitalNational Clinical Research Center for CancerKey Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and TherapyTianjin's Clinical Research Center for CancerKey Laboratory of Cancer Immunology and BiotherapyTianjin 300060China

Exhausted T cells are a group of dysfunctional T cells,which are present in chronic infections or *** most significant characteristics of exhausted T cells are attenuated effector cytotoxicity,reduced cytokine production,and upregulation of multiple inhibitory molecular receptors(e.g.,PD-1,TIM-3,and LAG-3).The intracellular metabolic changes,altered expression of transcription factors,and a unique epigenetic landscape constitute the exhaustion ***,researchers have made progress in understanding exhausted T cells,with the definition and identification of exhausted T cells changing from phenotypebased to being classified at the transcriptional and epigenetic *** studies have revealed that exhausted T cells can be separated into two subgroups,namely TCF1^(+)PD-1^(+)progenitor-like precursor exhausted cells and TCF1-PD-1^(+)terminally differentiated exhausted T ***,the progenitor-like precursor cell population may be a subset of T cells that can respond to *** have also found that TOX initiates and dominates the development of exhausted T cells at the transcriptional and epigenetic *** also maintains T cell survival and may affect decisions regarding treatment *** this review,we discuss the latest developments in T cell exhaustion in regards to definitions,subpopulations,development mechanisms,differences in diverse diseases,and treatment prospects for exhausted T ***,we hypothesize that the epigenetic state regulated by TOX might be the key point,which can determine the reversibility of exhaustion and the efficacy of immunotherapy.

关键词： T cell exhaustion TOX tumor immunity epigenetic landscape immunotherapy

Modeling reoxidation behavior of Al-Ti-containing steels by CaO-Al2O3-MgO-SiO2 slag

在线全文

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Journal of Iron and Steel Research International 2018年第2期25卷 146-156页

作者： Ying ren Li-feng Zhang Ying Zhang School of Metallurgical and Ecological Engineering University of Science and Technology BeijingBeijing 100083 China

A kinetic model was developed using FactSage Macro Processing to simulate the reoxidation of Al-Ti-containing steels by CaO-Al2O3-SiO2-MgO slags. The calculated results show a good agreement with the experimental data. Thus, the developed kinetic model can be used to predict changes in slag, steel, and inclusion compositions during the reaction process. During the slag reoxidation process, the reactions occurring at slag-steel interface and in the bulk steel were confirmed to be the reduction of SiO2 by [All and [Til and the self-dissociation of SiO2 into [Si] and [O]. Increasing the ratio of CaO to SiO2 in the slag can significantly suppress the self-dissociation of SiO2 in the slag and lower the amount of inclusions produced during reoxidation. The formed inclusions changed from solid Al2O3 to Al2O3-TiOx inclusions, which was mainly dependent on the w（[Al]） and w（[Ti]）. The amount of inclusions was obviously influenced by the composition of the top slag.

关键词： Kinetic model Slag Inclusion Reoxidation Al-Ti-containing steel

Evolution of inclusions in vacuum induction melting of superalloys containing 70%return material

维普期刊数据库评论

在线全文

维普期刊数据库

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Journal of Iron and Steel Research International 2024年第3期31卷 719-728页

作者： jin-guo Gao Shu-lei Yang Shu-feng Yang jing-she Li Wei Liu Meng-jing Zhao An-ren Wang School of Metallurgical and Ecological Engineering University of Science and Technology BeijingBeijing 100083China State Key Laboratory of Advanced Metallurgy University of Science and Technology BeijingBeijing 100083China Metallurgical and Building Materials Business Department China International Engineering Consulting CorporationBeijing 100048China

The variation law of inclusions type and size in the vacuum induction melting process and ingot of Ni-based superalloy containing 70%return material was studied by industrial test sampling,and the mechanism of inclusions formation was analyzed with thermodynamic *** results show that there are mainly two types of composite inclusions in the vacuum induction melting of Ni-based superalloys,which are nitride-and oxide-based composite inclusions,like Al_(2)O_(3)-SiO_(2)-Cr_(2)O_(3),TiN-(Mo,Nb)C,*** type and proportion of inclusions from the center to the edge of the vacuum induction ingot did not change *** number density of inclusions from the center to the edge of the ingot varied less,and the size of inclusions became smaller from the center to the *** addition,thermodynamic calculations show that oxides(M_(2)O_(3))are present in the liquid phase and mainly contain Al,Ti,Cr,Fe and O *** nitride consists mainly of Ti and N and contains small amounts of Cr,C,Nb,and Mo *** is consistent with the results of industrial *** the temperature decreases,the precipitation phases such as M_(2)O_(3),MN,γ,MC,δ,γ'andμphases are gradually precipitated,where oxides and nitrides are present in the liquid *** contents of O and N elements are the main influencing factors for the inclusions content and precipitation temperature;when the nitrogen content is reduced to below 0.0015%,it can make MN precipitate below the liquid-phase line.

关键词： Ni-based superalloy Vacuum induction melting Return material Inclusion Thermodynamic

Transport of cadmium from soil to grain in cereal crops: A review

维普期刊数据库评论

在线全文

维普期刊数据库

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Pedosphere 2021年第1期31卷 3-10页

作者： Jian feng MA ren Fang SHEN Ji feng SHAO Institute o f Plant Science and Resources Okayama UniversityChuo 2-20-1Kurashiki 710-0046Japan State Key Laboratory of Soil and Sustainable Agriculture Institute of Soil ScienceChinese Academy of SciencesNanjing 210008China State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture Zhejiang A&F UniversityLin'An 311300China

Due to rapid urbanization and industrialization, many soils for crop production are contaminated by cadmium(Cd), a heavy metal highly toxic to many organisms. Cereal crops such as rice, wheat, maize, and barley are the primary dietary source of Cd for humans, and reducing Cd transfer from soil to their grains is therefore an important issue for food safety. During the last decade, great progress has been made in elucidating the molecular mechanisms of Cd transport, particularly in rice. Inter-and intraspecific variations in Cd accumulation have been observed in cereal crops. Transporters for Cd have been identified in rice and other cereal crops using genotypic differences in Cd accumulation and mutant approaches. These transporters belong to different transporter families and are involved in the uptake, vacuolar sequestration, root-to-shoot translocation, and distribution of Cd. Attempts have been made to reduce Cd accumulation in grains by manipulating these transporters through overexpression or knockout of the transporter genes, as well as through marker-assisted selection breeding based on genotypic differences in Cd accumulation in the grains. In this review, we describe recent progress on molecular mechanisms of Cd accumulation in cereal crops and compare different molecular strategies for minimizing Cd accumulation in grains.

关键词： barley gene knockout gene overexpression genotypic difference maize rice transporter wheat

Thermodynamic analysis and kinetic optimization of high-energy batteries based on multi-electron reactions

在线全文

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

National Science Review 2020年第8期7卷 1367-1386页

作者： Yong-Xin Huang feng Wu ren-Jie Chen Beijing Key Laboratory of Environmental Science and Engineering School of Materials Science and Engineering Beijing Institute of Technology Advanced Technology Research Institute (jinan) Beijing Institute of Technology Collaborative Innovation Center of Electric Vehicles in Beijing

Multi-electron reaction can be regarded as an effective way of building high-energy systems(>500 W h kg-1). However, some confusions hinder the development of multi-electron mechanisms, such as clear concept, complex reaction, material design and electrolyte optimization and full-cell ***, this review discusses the basic theories and application bottlenecks of multi-electron mechanisms from the view of thermodynamic and dynamic principles. In future, high-energy batteries,metal anodes and multi-electron cathodes are promising electrode materials with high theoretical capacity and high output voltage. While the primary issue for the multi-electron transfer process is sluggish kinetics,which may be caused by multiple ionic migration, large ionic radius, high reaction energy barrier, low electron conductivity, poor structural stability, etc., it is urgent that feasible and versatile modification methods are summarized and new inspiration proposed in order to break through kinetic ***, the remaining challenges and future research directions are revealed in detail, involving the search for high-energy systems, compatibility of full cells, cost control, etc.

关键词： multi-electron reactions thermodynamic kinetics high-energy density metal anodes

Bio-Functional Cu Containing Biomaterials: a New Way to Enhance Bio-Adaption of Biomaterials

在线全文

同方期刊数据库

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Journal of Materials Science & Technology 2016年第9期32卷 835-839页

作者： Shujing jin Ling ren Ke Yang School of Materials Science and Engineering Dalian University of Technology Institute of Metal Research Chinese Academy of Science

Although being an essential trace element required for human body health, Cu has long been seriously considered toxic when its amount exceeds certain limitation, which significantly limited the wide ap- plication of Cu in biomaterials. However, more and more bio-functions and benefits of Cu were found and confirmed, attracting the attention from biomaterials researchers in recent years. People have tried to immobilize Cu into biomaterials by various ways, in order to develop novel bio-functional Cu containing biomaterials with better bio-adaptions, and several different bio-functions of them have been demonstrated. This paper makes a review of the development of novel bio-functional Cu containing biomaterials, and focuses on their unique roles in enhancing bio-adaption of biomedical materials, including antibacterial performance, stimulating angiogenesis, promoting osteogenesis and inhibition of in-stent restenosis, aiming at proposing a prospective development direction for biomedical materials with better bio-adaptions.

关键词： Biomaterials Cu Antibacterial Angiogenesis Osteogenesis In-stent restenosis

Valuable Data Extraction for Resistivity Imaging Logging Interpretation

在线全文

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Tsinghua Science and Technology 2020年第2期25卷 281-293页

作者： Yili ren renbin Gong Zhou feng Meichao Li Institute of Computer Application Technology PetroChina Research Institute of Petroleum Exploration and Development(RIPED)Beijing 100083China Department of Well Logging&Remote Sensing Technology of RIPED Beijing 100083China

Imaging logging has become a popular means of well logging because it can visually represent the lithologic and structural characteristics of *** manual interpretation of imaging logging is affected by the limitations of the naked eye and experiential *** a result,manual interpretation accuracy is ***,it is highly useful to develop effective automatic imaging logging interpretation by machine *** imaging logging is the most widely used technology for imaging *** this paper,we propose an automatic extraction procedure for the geological features in resistivity imaging logging *** procedure is based on machine learning and achieves good results in practical *** that the existence of valueless data significantly affects the recognition effect,we propose three strategies for the identification of valueless data based on binary *** compare the effect of the three strategies both on an experimental dataset and in a production environment,and find that the merging method is the best performing of the three *** effectively identifies the valueless data in the well logging images,thus significantly improving the automatic recognition effect of geological features in resistivity logging images.

关键词： machine learning binary classification multiclass classification outlier detection imaging logging

Serum vitamin D_3 does not correlate with liver fibrosis in chronic hepatitis C

在线全文

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

World Journal of Gastroenterology 2015年第39期21卷 11152-11159页

作者： Yan ren Mei Liu jing Zhao feng ren Yu Chen Jun-feng Li jing-Yun Zhang feng Qu jin-Lan Zhang Zhong-Ping Duan Su-Jun Zheng Artificial Liver Center Beijing You An Hospital Capital Medical University Institute of Liver Diseases Beijing YouA n Hospital Capital Medical University State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines Institute of Materia Medica Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College

AIM: To investigate the relationship between serum vitamin D3 levels and liver fibrosis or inflammation in treatment-naive Chinese patients with chronic hepatitis C(CHC).METHODS: From July 2010 to June 2011, we enrolled 122 CHC patients and 11 healthy controls from Dingxicity, Gansu Province, China. The patients were infected with Hepatitis C virus(HCV) during blood cell retransfusion following plasma donation in 1992-1995, and had never received antiviral treatment. At present, all the patients except two underwent liver biopsy with ultrasound guidance. The Scheuer Scoring System was used to evaluate hepatic inflammation and the Metavir Scoring System was used to evaluate hepatic fibrosis. Twelve-hour overnight fasting blood samples were collected in the morning of the day of biopsy. Serum levels of alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase, total bilirubin, direct bilirubin, cholineste rase, prothrom binactivity, albumin, γ-glutamyl transpeptidase, hemoglobin, calcium and phosphorus were determined. Serum HCV RNA levels were measured by real-time PCR. Serum levels of 25-hydroxyvitamin D3 [25(OH)D3] and 24,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 [24,25(OH)2D3] were measured by high-performance liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry.R E S U LT S : Serumlevels of 2 5(OH) D3 but not 24,25(OH)2D3 were significantly lower in CHC patients than in control subjects. Serum 25(OH)D3 levels did not correlate with liver fibrosis, inflammation, patient age, or levels of alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase, total bilirubin, direct bilirubin, prothrombin activity, cholinesterase or HCV RNA. However, serum 25(OH)D3 levels did correlate with serum 24,25(OH)2D3 levels. Serum 25(OH)D3 and 24,25(OH)2D3 levels, and the 25(OH)D3/24,25(OH)2D3 ratio, have no difference among the fibrosis stages or inflammation ***: We found that serum levels of 25(OH)D3 and its degradation metabolite 24,25(OH)2D3 did not correlate with liver fibrosis in treatment-naive Chi

关键词： Hepatitis C virus 25-Hydroxyvitamin D3 24,25-Dihyd

Atomic layer deposition of TiO_(2) on carbon-nanotubes membrane for capacitive deionization removal of chromium from water

维普期刊数据库评论

在线全文

维普期刊数据库

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Chinese Journal of Chemical Engineering 2022年第5期35卷 15-21页

作者： Jianhua feng Sen Xiong Li ren Yong Wang College of Material and Chemical Engineering Chuzhou UniversityChuzhou 239000China State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering and College of Chemical EngineeringNanjing Tech UniversityNanjing 211816China

Chromium(Cr)is a common heavy metal that has severe impacts on the ecosystem and human *** deionization(CDI)is an environment-friendly and energy-efficient electrochemical purification technology to remove Cr from polluted *** performance of CDI systems relies primarily on the properties of ***-nanotubes(CNTs)membranes are promising candidates in creating advanced CDI electrodes and ***,the low electrosorption capacity and high hydrophobicity of CNTs greatly impede their applications in water *** this study,we employ atomic layer deposition(ALD)to deposit TiO_(2) nanoparticulates on CNTs membranes for preparing electrodes with *** TiO_(2)-deposited CNTs membranes display preferable electrosorption performance and reusability in CDI processes after only 20 ALD cycles *** total Cr and Cr(VI)removal efficiencies are significantly improved to 92.1%and 93.3%,*** work demonstrates that ALD is a highly controllable and simple method to produce advanced CDI electrodes,and broadens the application of metal oxide/carbon composites in the electrochemical processes.

关键词： Carbon-nanotube membranes Atomic layer deposition Capacitive deionization Chromium removal