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Research in Astronomy and Astrophysics 2024年第6期24卷 227-235页

作者： Xue-Feng lu Li-Ming Song Ming-Yu Ge Shuang-Nan Zhang jin-lu qu Ce Cai Cong-Zhan Liu Cheng-Kui Li Yu-Cong Fu Ying-Chen Xu Key Laboratory of Particle Astrophysics Institute of High Energy Physics University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Chinese Academy of Sciences College of Physics and Hebei Key Laboratory of Photophysics Research and Application Hebei Normal University Department of Astronomy Beijing Normal University

In October 2022, the magnetar SGR J1935+2154 entered the active outburst state. During the episode, the InsightHXMT satellite carried out a long observation that lasted for 20 days. More than 300 bursts were detected, and a certain amount of persistent radiation signals were also accumulated. This paper mainly introduces the results of persistent radiation profile folding and period search based on Insight-HXMT data. At the same time, the burst phase distribution characteristics, spectral lag results of burst, the spectral characteristics of zero-lag bursts and the time-resolved spectral evolution characteristics of high-flux bursts are reported. We found that there is no significant delay feature during different energy bands for the bursts of SGR J1935+2154. The observed zero-lag burst does not have a unique spectrum. The time-resolved spectrum of the individual burst has consistent spectral types and spectral parameters at different time periods of the burst. We also find that the burst number phase distribution and the burst photon phase distribution have the same tendency to concentrate in specific regions of the persistent emission profile.

关键词： dense matter magnetic fields radiation mechanisms: general

Timing and Spectral Analysis of the Black Hole X-Ray Binary MAXI J1803-298 with Insight-HXMT Data

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Research in Astronomy and Astrophysics 2024年第6期24卷 211-226页

作者： Ying-Chen Xu jin-lu qu M.Méndez Rui-Can Ma Long Ji Liang Zhang Yue Huang Qing-Cui Bu Li-Ming Song Key Laboratory of Particle Astrophysics Institute of High Energy Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Chinese Academy of Sciences Kapteyn Astronomical Institute University of Groningen Dongguan Neutron Science Center School of Physics and Astronomy Sun Yat-Sen University Institut für Astronomie und Astrophysik Kepler Center for Astro and Particle Physics Eberhard Karls Universit?t

We present a comprehensive analysis of the 2021 outburst of MAXI J1803–298 utilizing observations of the Insight-Hard X-ray Modulation Telescope(Insight-HXMT) spanning from the low hard state to the high soft state.Within the Insight-HXMT data set, compared to the previous work, we identify a more prolonged presence of typeC quasi-periodic oscillations(QPOs) with centroid frequencies ranging from ～0.16 to 6.3 Hz, which present correlations with the hardness ratio and the photon index of the Comptonized component. For QPO frequencies less than ～2 Hz, the QPO phase lags are hard(photons of 10–19 keV arrive later than those of 1–4 keV), while at higher frequencies, the lags become soft at and above ～4 Hz. Furthermore, the spectra in all Insight-HXMT observations consist of a multi-color blackbody component and a Comptonized component, as commonly observed in classical black hole X-ray binaries. We analyze state transitions and the evolution of accretion geometry in this work. The fitted inner disk radius increases abnormally during the low hard state, hypothesized to result from the corona condensing onto the inner disk. Additionally, two significant drops in flux are observed during the soft intermediate state, maybe implying changes in the corona/jet and the disk, respectively.

关键词： accretion accretion disks stars: black holes X-rays: binaries

Searching for the Highest Energy of Pulsation and Critical luminosity of Swift J0243.6+6124 Observed by Insight-HXMT

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Research in Astronomy and Astrophysics 2024年第5期24卷 61-69页

作者： Qing-Xia Zhao Xian Hou Ming-Yu Ge Shuang-Nan Zhang Yun-Xiang Xiao You-Li Tuo Zi-Xu Yang Ling-Da Kong jin-lu qu Shu Zhang Jian-Cheng Wang Yunnan Observatories Chinese Academy of SciencesKunming 650216China Key Laboratory of Particle Astrophysics Institute of High Energy PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100049China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences ChineseAcademy of SciencesBeijing 100049China Key Laboratory for the Structure and Evolution of Celestial Objects Chinese Academy of SciencesKunming 650216China Institut fur Astronomic und Astrophysik Sand 1D-72076 TabingenGemany School of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering Shandong University of TechnologyZibo 255000China

Owing to the broad energy coverage of Insight-HXMT in the hard X-ray band,we detected the highest energy of pulsation exceeding 200 keV around the 2017–2018 outburst peak of the first Galactic pulsating ultraluminous X-ray source (PULX) Swift J0243.6+6124,which is the highest energy detected from PULXs to date.We also obtained the highest energy of pulsation of every exposure during the outburst in 2017–2018,and found the highest energy is roughly positively correlated with luminosity.Using our newly developed method,we identified the critical luminosity being 4×10~(38)erg s~(-1) when the main peaks of the low and high energy pulse profiles became aligned,which separates the fan-beam dominated and pencil-beam dominated accretion regimes.Above the critical luminosity,the phase of the main peak shifted gradually from 0.5 to 0.8 until the outburst peak in al energy bands is reached,which is in agreement with the phase shift found previously at low energies.Our result is consistent with what is derived from spectral analysis.

关键词： (stars:)pulsars-individual(Swift J0243.6+6124)-X-rays binaries–stars neutron

X-ray Spectroscopy of Dips of Cir X-1

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Chinese Journal of Astronomy and Astrophysics 2007年第5期7卷 693-704页

作者： Ya-Juan Lei Fang-Jun lu jin-lu qu Li-Ming Song Cheng-Min Zhang Laboratory for Particle Astrophysics Institute of High Energy Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 National Astronomical Observatories Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100012

We present X-ray spectral analyses of the low-mass X-ray binary Cir X-1 during X-ray dips, using the Rossi X-ray Timing Explorer （RXTE） data. Each dip was divided into several segments, and the spectrum of each segment was fitted with a three-component blackbody model, in which the first two components are affected by partial covering and the third one is unaffected. A Gaussian emission line is also included in the spectral model to represent the Fe Kα line at - 6.4 keV. The fitted temperatures of the two partially covered components are about 2 keV and 1 keV, while the uncovered component has a temperature of -0.5-0.6 keV. The equivalent blackbody emission radius of the hottest component is the smallest and that of the coolest component is the largest. During the dips the fluxes of the two hot components are linearly correlated, while that of the third component does not show any significant variation. The Fe line flux remains constant, within the errors, during the short dips. However, during the long dips the line flux varies significantly and is positively correlated with the fluxes of the two hot components. These results suggest; （1） that the temperature of the X-ray emitting region decreases with radius, （2） that the Fe Kα line emitting region is close to the hot continuum emitting region, and （3） that the size of the Fe line emitting region is larger than that of the obscuring matter causing the short dips but smaller than the region of that causing the long dips.

关键词： stars individual （Circinus X-1） -- stars neutron -- X-rays stars

Five-year in-orbit background of Insight-HXMT

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Radiation Detection Technology and Methods 2023年第1期7卷 34-47页

作者： jin-Yuan Liao Shu Zhang Juan Zhang Gang Li Zhi Chang Yu-Peng Chen Ming-Yu Ge jing jin Xue-Feng lu Yuan You Xue-Lei Cao Yong Chen Yue Huang Wei-Chun Jiang Xiao-Bo Li Xu-Fang Li Zheng-Wei Li Cong-Zhan Liu Ying Tan Yan-Ji Yang Yi-Fei Zhang Hai-Sheng Zhao Fang-Jun lu Yu-Peng Xu jin-lu qu Li-Ming Song Shuang-Nan Zhang Key Laboratory of Particle Astrophysics Institute of High Energy PhysicsChinese Academy of Sciences19B Yuquan RoadShijingshan DistrictBeijing 100049China Key Laboratory of Stellar and Interstellar Physics and School of Physics and Optoelectronics Xiangtan UniversityYuhu DistrictXiangtan 411105China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences 19A Yuquan RoadShijingshan DistrictBeijing 100049China Key Laboratory of Space Astronomy and Technology National Astronomical ObservatoriesChinese Academy of Sciences20A Datun RoadChaoyang DistrictBeijing 100012China

Purpose We present the five-year in-orbit background evolution of Insight-HXMT since the launch,as well as the effects of the background model in data analysis.Methods The backgrounds of the three main payloads,i.e.,low-energy telescope,medium-energy telescope,and high-energy telescope,are described.The evolution of the background over time is obtained by simply comparing the background in every year during the in-orbit operation of Insight-HXMT.Results The major observational characteristics of the Insight-HXMT in-orbit background are presented,including the light curve,spectrum,geographical distribution,and long-term evolution.The systematic error in background estimation is investigated for every year.Conclusion The observational characteristics of the five-year in-orbit background are consistent with our knowledge of the satellite design and the space environment,and the background model is still valid for the latest observations of Insight-HXMT.

关键词： Instrumentation:detectors Space vehicles:instruments Methods:data analysis X-rays:general

Burst Phase Distribution of SGR J1935+2154 Based on Insight-HXMT

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Research in Astronomy and Astrophysics 2023年第3期23卷 68-74页

作者： Xue-Feng lu Li-Ming Song Ming-Yu Ge You-Li Tuo Shuang-Nan Zhang jin-lu qu Ce Cai Sheng-lun Xie Cong-Zhan Liu Cheng-Kui Li Yu-Cong Fu Ying-Chen Xu Tian-Ming Li Key Laboratory of Particle Astrophysics Institute of High Energy PhysicsBeijing 100049China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100049China College of Physics and Hebei Key Laboratory of Photophysics Research and Application Hebei Normal UniversityShijiazhuang 050024China Institute of Astrophysics Central China Normal UniversityWuhan 430079China

On 2020 April 27,the soft gamma-ray repeater SGR J1935+2154 entered its intense outburst episode again.Insight-HXMT carried out about one month observation of the source.A total number of 75 bursts were detected during this activity episode by Insight-HXMT,and persistent emission data were also accumulated.We report on the spin period search result and the phase distribution of burst start times and burst photon arrival times of the Insight-HXMT high energy detectors and Fermi/Gamma-ray Burst Monitor(GBM).We find that the distribution of burst start times is uniform within its spin phase for both Insight-HXMT and Fermi/GBM observations,whereas the phase distribution of burst photons is related to the type of a burst’s energy spectrum.The bursts with the same spectrum have different distribution characteristics in the initial and decay episodes for the activity of magnetar SGR J1935+2154.

关键词： spectrum Fermi distribution

Insight-HXMT observations of the Crab pulsar

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Research in Astronomy and Astrophysics 2019年第6期19卷 109-116页

作者： You-Li Tuo Ming-Yu Ge Li-Ming Song Lin-Li Yan Qing-Cui Bu jin-lu qu Key Laboratory of Particle Astrophysics Institute of High Energy Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 China University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 China School of Mathematics and Physics Anhui Jianzhu University Hefei 230601 China

We report on X-ray emission properties of the Crab pulsar(PSR B0531+21) using observations by Insight-HXMT during its first year after launch. We obtained high signal-to-noise profiles in the X-ray energy band 11–250 keV. We have confirmed an increase in the flux ratio of the second peak over the main peak with increasing energy, consistent with other missions. The separation of the two peaks shows no significant trend with increasing energy. The phase-averaged spectrum, fitted by a logpar model, and the phase-resolved spectra of the Crab pulsar, fitted by a powerlaw in the different energy bands of HXMT, are consistent with RXTE and NuSTAR in that photon indices evolve as a function of phase as well as a function of energy, contributing to a broadband modeling.

关键词： stars neutron star-pulsars individual(Crab)-X-rays

Mobility of rhenium and selenium during chemical weathering and their implication for petrogenic organic carbon oxidation

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Science China Earth Sciences 2024年第3期67卷 740-750页

作者： Yuhong ZHANG jin WANG Yuanxin qu Chao ZHU Zhangdong jin State Key Laboratory of Loess and quaternary Geology Institute of Earth EnvironmentChinese Academy of SciencesXi'an 710061China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China Xi'an Institute for Innovative Earth Environment Research Xi'an 710061China Institute of Global Environmental Change Xi'an Jiaotong UniversityXi'an 710049China

The oxidative weathering of petrogenic organic carbon(OC_(petro)) is an important source of carbon dioxide(CO_(2)) into the atmosphere on geological timescales and significantly influences the carbon cycle and global climate change. However, at present, a robust proxy to assess OC_(petro)oxidation is lacking. Riverine rhenium(Re) has emerged as a potential proxy to trace OC_(petro)oxidation, but little is known about Re sources and its relationship with OC_(petro)oxidation. To better understand the robustness of this proxy, we analyzed a shale weathering profile from the early Cambrian Shuijingtuo Formation in Chengkou County, Chongqing City, to address the mobility of Re and selenium(Se) and their relationship with the oxidation of OC_(petro)by analyses of the elemental variation and sequential extraction. The results showed that the chemical index of alteration(CIA)increases from the fresh bedrock to the weathered sections, indicating enhanced weathering intensity. Based on the sequential extraction and mass transfer coefficients(τ), Re and Se mainly exist in the organic phase of shale and are paired lost with OC_(petro) during weathering, with no obvious correlation with sulfide minerals. Furthermore, the different proportions of Re and Se loss with OC_(petro) loss can be attributed to their different geochemical behaviors during weathering. Our study supports Re as a robust proxy to trace OC_(petro) oxidation, whereas Se is the potential one. In the future, combined studies on various sedimentary rock profiles with catchment basins are needed to determine the sources of riverine Re and Se and their relationships with OC_(petro) oxidation.

关键词： Rhenium and selenium Shale Mobility OC_(petro) Chemical weathering

The influence of the Insight-HXMT/LE time response on timing analysis

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Research in Astronomy and Astrophysics 2021年第1期21卷 45-52页

作者： Deng-Ke Zhou Shi-Jie Zheng Li-Ming Song Yong Chen Cheng-Kui Li Xiao-Bo Li Tian-Xiang Chen Wei-Wei Cui Wei Chen Da-Wei Han Wei Hu Jia Huo Rui-Can Ma Mao-Shun Li Tian-Ming Li Wei Li He-Xin Liu Bo lu Fang-Jun lu jin-lu qu You-Li Tuo Juan Wang Yu-Sa Wang Bai-Yang Wu Guang-Cheng Xiao Yu-Peng Xu Yan-Ji Yang Shu Zhang Zi-Liang Zhang Xiao-Fan Zhao Yu-Xuan Zhu Key Laboratory of Particle Astrophysics Institute of High Energy PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100049China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100049China College of Physics Jilin UniversityChangchun 130012China

The LE is the low energy telescope that is carried on Insight-HXMT.It uses swept charge devices(SCDs)to detect soft X-ray photons.LE’s time response is caused by the structure of the SCDs.With theoretical analysis and Monte Carlo simulations we discuss the influence of LE time response(LTR)on the timing analysis from three aspects:the power spectral density,the pulse profile and the time lag.After the LTR,the value of power spectral density monotonously decreases with the increasing frequency.The power spectral density of a sinusoidal signal reduces by a half at frequency 536 Hz.The corresponding frequency for quasi-periodic oscillation(QPO)signals is 458 Hz.The root mean square(RMS)of QPOs holds a similar behaviour.After the LTR,the centroid frequency and full width at half maxima(FWHM)of QPOs signals do not change.The LTR reduces the RMS of pulse profiles and shifts the pulse phase.In the time domain,the LTR only reduces the peak value of the cross-correlation function while it does not change the peak position;thus it will not affect the result of the time lag.When considering the time lag obtained from two instruments and one among them is LE,a 1.18 ms lag is expected caused by the LTR.The time lag calculated in the frequency domain is the same as that in the time domain.

关键词： instrumentation:detectors methods:data analysis methods:analytical

Detection of Novel BEST1 Variations in Autosomal Recessive Bestrophinopathy Using Third-generation Sequencing

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Current Medical Science 2024年第2期44卷 419-425页

作者： Jia-xun LI Ling-rui MENG Bao-ke HOU Xiao-lu HAO Da-jiang WANG Ling-hui qu Zhao-hui LI Lei ZHANG Xin jin Department of Senior Ophthalmology the Third Medical Center of PLA General HospitalBeijing 100853China Department of Ophthalmology the 74th Army Group HospitalGuangzhou 510318China

Objective:Autosomal recessive bestrophinopathy(ARB),a retinal degenerative disease,is characterized by central visual loss,yellowish multifocal diffuse subretinal deposits,and a dramatic decrease in the light peak on electrooculogram.The potential pathogenic mechanism involves mutations in the BEST1 gene,which encodes Ca2+-activated Cl−channels in the retinal pigment epithelium(RPE),resulting in degeneration of RPE and photoreceptor.In this study,the complete clinical characteristics of two Chinese ARB families were summarized.Methods:Pacific Biosciences(PacBio)single-molecule real-time(SMRT)sequencing was performed on the probands to screen for disease-causing gene mutations,and Sanger sequencing was applied to validate variants in the patients and their family members.Results:Two novel mutations,c.202T>C(chr11:61722628,p.Y68H)and c.867+97G>A,in the BEST1 gene were identified in the two Chinese ARB families.The novel missense mutation BEST1 c.202T>C(p.Y68H)resulted in the substitution of tyrosine with histidine in the N-terminal region of transmembrane domain 2 of bestrophin-1.Another novel variant,BEST1 c.867+97G>A(chr11:61725867),located in intron 7,might be considered a regulatory variant that changes allele-specific binding affinity based on motifs of important transcriptional regulators.Conclusion:Our findings represent the first use of third-generation sequencing(TGS)to identify novel BEST1 mutations in patients with ARB,indicating that TGS can be a more accurate and efficient tool for identifying mutations in specific genes.The novel variants identified further broaden the mutation spectrum of BEST1 in the Chinese population.

关键词： autosomal recessive bestrophinopathy BEST1 gene third-generation sequencing mutation