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Dead-zone-free atomic magnetometer based on hybrid Poincarébeams

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Photonics Research 2024年第5期12卷 1093-1097页

作者： ke TIAN WEIFENG DING ZHAOYING wang Zhejiang Province key Laboratory of Quantum Technology and Device School of PhysicsZhejiang UniversityHangzhou 310027China

In this paper,we present the experiment and the theory scheme of light-atom interaction in atomic magnetometers by using a hybrid Poincarébeam(HPB)to solve an annoying problem,named“dead zone.”This kind of magnetometer can be sensitive to arbitrary directions of external magnetic *** HPB has a complex polarization distribution,consisting of a vector radially polarized beam and a scalar circularly polarized beam in our *** two kinds of beams have different directions of dead zones of external magnetic fields;thereby,the atomic magnetometer with an HPB can avoid the non-signal area when the direction of the external magnetic field is in the plane perpendicular to the light polarization ***,the optical magnetic resonance(OMR)signal using an HPB still has no dead zones even when the direction of the external magnetic field is in the plane parallel to the polarization plane in our *** work has the potential to simplify and optimize dead-zone-free atomic magnetometers.

关键词： Poincaré magnetometer atomic

Enhanced Ion-Selective Diffusion Achieved by Supramolecular Interaction for High Thermovoltage and Thermal Stability

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Energy & Environmental Materials 2024年第2期7卷 204-212页

作者： Jiale ke Xing Zhao Jie Yang Kai ke Yu wang Mingbo Yang Wei Yang College of Polymer Science and Engineering Sichuan University State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering

Thermoelectric（TE） generators capable of converting thermal energy into applicable electricity have gained great popularity among emerging energy conversion ***-based ionic thermoelectric（i-TE）materials are promising candidates for energy conversion systems because of their wide sources,innocuity,and low manufacturing ***,common physically crosslinked biopolymer gels induced by single hydrogen bonding or hydrophobic interaction suffer from low differential thermal voltage and poor thermodynamic ***,we develop a novel i-TE gel with supramolecular structures through multiple noncovalent interactions between ionic liquids（ILs） and gelatin molecular *** thermopower and thermoelectric power factor of the ionic gels are as high as 2.83 mV K-1and 18.33 μW m-1K-2,*** quasi-solid-state gelatin-[EMIM]DCA i-TE cells achieve ultrahigh 2 h output energy density(E2h=9.9 mJ m-2) under an optimal temperature ***,the remarkable stability of the supramolecular structure provides the i-TE hydrogels with a thermal stability of up to 80 ℃.It breaks the limitation that biopolymer-based i-TE gels can only be applied in the low temperature range and enables biopolymer-based i-TE materials to pursue better performance in a higher temperature range.

关键词： biopolymer gel ionic liquid multiple noncovalent interactions supramolecular structure thermoelectric conversion

In vivo label-free measurement of blood flow velocity symmetry based on dual line scanning third-harmonic generation microscopy excited at the 1700 nm window

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Journal of Innovative Optical Health Sciences 2024年第1期17卷 61-68页

作者： Hui Cheng jincheng Zhong Ping Qiu ke wang key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Devices and Systems of Ministry of Education and Guangdong Province College of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering Shenzhen University Shenzhen 518060 P.R.China

Measurement of bloodflow velocity is key to understanding physiology and pathology in *** most measurements are performed at the middle of the blood vessel,little research has been done on characterizing the instantaneous bloodflow velocity *** is mainly due to the lack of measurement technology with high spatial and temporal ***,we tackle this problem with our recently developed dual-wavelength line-scan third-harmonic generation(THG)imaging *** acquisition of dual-wavelength THG line-scanning signals enables measurement of bloodflow velocities at two radially symmetric positions in both venules and arterioles in mouse brain in *** results clearly show that the instantaneous bloodflow velocity is not symmetric under general conditions.

关键词： 1700 nm-Window third-harmonic generation imaging blood flow velocity

High-frequency magnetic properties of biphase Ce_(2)Fe_(17)N_(3)/α-Fe microflakes with easy-plane anisotropy

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Journal of Rare Earths 2024年第1期42卷 110-115,I0004页

作者： ke wang Hang Zhang Yuandong Huang Zhibiao Xu Fashen Li Tao wang key Laboratory for Magnetism and Magnetic Materials of MOE Lanzhou UniversityLanzhou730000China key Laboratory of Special Function Materials and Structure Design Ministry of EducationLanzhou UniversityLanzhou730000China

Soft magnetic composites(SMCs)are effective as magnetic powder cores in an *** to high saturation magnetization,large magnetocrystalline anisotropy and high operating frequency of M(metal)-RE(rear earth)soft magnetic composites,it is possible to miniaturize inductor cores by reducing total loss,especially eddy current loss and excess loss at high *** this article,the characteristics of Ce_(2)Fe_(17)N_(3)/α-Fe(CFN/F)loss per volume and effective permeability reaching a high frequency of 3 MHz are *** biphase CFN/F composite exhibits a high permeability of 16 at 70 MHz,which is two times greater than that of pure Ce_(2)Fe_(17)N_(3)(CFN)*** total loss is as low as 545 mW/cm^(3)at 3 MHz and 6 *** direct current(DC)-bias properties have a percent of permeability exceeding 65% at H=7960 A/*** phenomenon indicates that our material has a higher working frequency and lower core loss than other materials;the biphase CFN/F structure is a promising and efficient approach for developing the miniaturized radio frequency(RF)inductor core.

关键词： High frequency Soft magnetic composites Easy-plane anisotropy Permeability spectra Core loss Rare earths

High-responsivity on-chip waveguide coupled germanium photodetector for 2 μm waveband

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Photonics Research 2024年第1期12卷 115-122页

作者： JIANING wang XI wang YIHANG LI YANFU YANG QINGHAI SONG ke XU Guangdong Provincial key Laboratory of Semiconductor Optoelectronic Materials and Intelligent Photonic Systems Harbin Institute of TechnologyShenzhen 518055China Department of Electronic&Information Engineering Harbin Institute of TechnologyShenzhen 518055China Department of Science Harbin Institute of TechnologyShenzhen 518055China

Recently,the emerging 2μm waveband has gained increasing interest due to its great potential for a wide scope of *** with the existing optical communication windows at shorter wavelengths,it also offers distinct advantages of lower nonlinear absorption,better fabrication tolerance,and larger free carrier plasma effects for silicon photonics,which has been a proven device *** much progress has been witnessed for silicon photonics at the 2μm waveband,the primary challenge still exists for on-chip *** the maturity and compatibility of the waveguide coupled photodetectors made of germanium,the 2μm regime is far beyond its cutoff *** this work,we demonstrate an efficient and high-speed on-chip waveguidecoupled germanium photodetector operating at the 2μm *** weak sub-bandgap absorption of epitaxial germanium is greatly enhanced by a lateral separation absorption charge multiplication *** detector is fabricated by the standard process offered by a commercial *** device has a benchmark performance with responsivity of 1.05 A/W and 3 dB bandwidth of 7.12 GHz,which is able to receive high-speed signals with up to 20 Gbit/s data *** availability of such an efficient and fast on-chip detector circumvents the barriers between silicon photonic integrated circuits and the potential applications at the 2μm waveband.

关键词： waveguide responsivity wave

Solid Bi_(2)O_(3)-derived nanostructured metallic bismuth with high formate selectivity for the electrocatalytic reduction of CO_(2)

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International Journal of Minerals,Metallurgy and Materials 2024年第4期31卷 803-811页

作者： Xiaoyan wang Safeer Jan Zhiyong wang Xianbo jin College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences Hubei Key Laboratory of Electrochemical Power SourcesWuhan UniversityWuhan 430072China Engineering Research Center of Organosilicon Compounds&Materials Ministry of EducationWuhan 430072China

CO_(2) electrochemical reduction(CO_(2)ER)is an important research area for carbon ***,available catalysts for CO_(2) reduction are still characterized by limited stability and ***,metallic bismuth(Bi)has emerged as a promising catalyst for CO_(2) ***,we report the solid cathode electroreduction of commercial micronized Bi2O3as a straightforward approach for the preparation of nanostructured ***-1.1 V versus reversible hydrogen electrode in a KHCO3aqueous electrolyte,the resulting nanostructure Bi delivers a formate current density of~40 mA·cm^(-2) with a current efficiency of~86%,and the formate selectivity reaches97.6% at-0.78 *** nanosized Bi2O3as the precursor can further reduce the primary particle sizes of the resulting Bi,leading to a significantly increased formate selectivity at relatively low *** high catalytic activity of nanostructured Bi is attributable to the ultrafine and interconnected Bi nanoparticles in the nanoporous structure,which exposes abundant active sites for CO_(2) electrocatalytic reduction.

关键词： bismuth carbon dioxide electrocatalysis formate solid electroreduction

TOFD detection of shallow subsurface defects in aluminum alloy thin plates by half-skip mode-converted wave

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Chinese Journal of Aeronautics 2024年第6期37卷 454-463页

作者： Shijie jin Zhicheng wang Zhongbing LUO NDT&E Laboratory Dalian University of TechnologyDalian 116085China

Aluminum alloy is widely applied to the aerospace ***,the inspection of thin plates using Time-of-Flight Diffraction(TOFD)technique is restricted by the near-surface dead zone because of the coupling between diffracted longitudinal wave and lateral *** halfskip mode-converted wave is introduced to decrease dead zone and detect defects in aluminum alloy thin plates by increasing ray path and propagation *** quantitative correlation for the diffracted shear wave from longitudinal back-wall wave is deduced in combination with the acoustic path,realizing the accurate location of shallow subsurface *** and experimental results indicate that the dead zone is decreased by 38% by the half-skip mode-converted wave,and the location errors are within 5% for the aluminum alloy plate with a thickness of 7.0 *** to other alternative TOFD techniques,half-skip mode-converted wave has better response amplitude and positioning accuracy,demonstrating strong applicability in TOFD inspection of thin plates.

关键词： Ultrasonic testing Time-of-Flight Diffraction(TOFD) Dead zone Half-skip mode-converted wave Quantitative detection

Effects of tree size and organ age on variations in carbon,nitrogen,and phosphorus stoichiometry in Pinus koraiensis

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Journal of Forestry Research 2024年第3期35卷 155-165页

作者： Yanjun wang Guangze jin Zhili Liu Center for Ecological Research Northeast Forestry UniversityHarbin 150040People's Republic of China key Laboratory of Sustainable Forest Ecosystem Management-Ministry of Education Northeast Forestry UniversityHarbin 150040People's Republic of China Northeast Asia Biodiversity Research Center Northeast Forestry UniversityHarbin 150040People's Republic of China

Carbon(C),nitrogen(N),and phosphorus(P)are of fundamental importance for growth and nutrient dynamics within plant organs and deserve more attention at regional to global ***,our knowledge of how these nutrients vary with tree size,organ age,or root order at the individual level remains *** determined C,N,and P contents and their stoichiometric ratios(i.e.,nutrient traits)in needles,branches,and fine roots at different organ ages(0-3-year-old needles and branches)and root orders(1st-4th order roots)from 64 Pinus koraiensis of varying size(Diameter at breast height ranged from 0.3 to 100 cm)in northeast *** factors were also *** results show that nutrient traits were regulated by tree size,organ age,or root order rather than soil *** a whole-plant level,nutrient traits decreased in needles and fine roots but increased in branches with tree *** the organ level,age or root order had a negative effect on C,N,and P and a positive effect on stoichiometric *** results demonstrate that nutrient variations are closely related to organ-specific functions and ecophysiological processes at an individual *** is suggested that the nutrient acquisition strategy by younger trees and organ fractions with higher nutrient content is for ***,nutrient storage strategy in older trees and organ fractions are mainly for steady *** results clarified the nutrient utilization strategies during tree and organ ontogeny and suggest that tree size and organ age or root order should be simultaneously considered to understand the complexities of nutrient variations.

关键词： Tree size Organ age(or root order) Carbon(C) Nitrogen(N) Phosphorus(P) Pinus koraiensis

Broadening environmental research in the era of accurate protein structure determination and predictions

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Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering 2024年第7期18卷 169-178页

作者： Mingda Zhou Tong wang ke Xu Han wang Zibin Li Wei-xian Zhang Yayi wang State key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resources Reuse Shanghai Institute of Pollution Control and Ecological SecurityCollege of Environmental Science and EngineeringTongji UniversityShanghai 200092China Translational Research Institute of Brain and Brain-Like Intelligence Shanghai Fourth People's HospitalSchool of MedicineTongji UniversityShanghai 200434China

The deep-learning protein structure prediction method AlphaFold2 has garnered enormous attention beyond the realm of structural biology,for its groundbreaking contribution to solving the"protein foiding problem"In this perspective,we explore the connection between protein structure studies and environmental research,delving into the potential for addressing specific environmental *** are promising for environmental applications because of the functional diversity endowed by their structural ***,structural studies on proteins with environmental significance remain ***,we present the opportunity to study proteins by advancing experimental determination and deep-learning prediction ***,the latest progress in environmental research via cryogenic electron microscopy is *** allows us to determine the structure of protein complexes in their native state within cells at molecular resolution,revealing environmentally-associated structural *** the remarkable advancements in computational power and experimental resolution,the study of protein structure and dynamics has reached unprecedented depth and *** advancements will undoubtedly accelerate the establishment of comprehensive environmental protein structural and functional *** opportunities for protein engineering exist to enable innovative solutions for environmental applications,such as the degradation of persistent contaminants,and the recovery of valuable metals as well as rare earth elements.

关键词： Environmental proteins Protein structure Cryogenic electron microscopy Protein structure prediction Protein engineering Artificial Intelligence