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Plant Biosystems Design Research Roadmap 1.0

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BioDesign Research 2020年第1期2020卷 53-90页

作者： Xiaohan Yang June I.Medford Kasey Markel Patrick M.Shih Henrique C.De Paoli Cong T.Trinh Alistair J.McCormick Raphael Ployet Steven G.Hussey Alexander A.Myburg Poul Erik Jensen Md Mahmudul Hassan jin Zhang Wellington Muchero Udaya C.Kalluri Hengfu Yin Renying Zhuo Paul E.Abraham jin-gui chen David J.Weston Yinong Yang Degao Liu Yi Li Jessy Labbe Bing Yang Jun Hyung Lee Robert W.Cottingham Stanton Martin Mengzhu Lu Timothy J.Tschaplinski Guoliang Yuan Haiwei Lu Priya Ranjan Julie C.Mitchell Stan D.Wullschleger Gerald A.Tuskan Biosciences Division Oak Ridge National LaboratoryOak RidgeTN 37831USA The Center for Bioenergy Innovation Oak Ridge National LaboratoryOak RidgeTN 37831USA Department of Biology Colorado State UniversityFort CollinsCO 80523USA Department of Plant Biology University of CaliforniaDavisDavisCAUSA Feedstocks Division Joint BioEnergy InstituteEmeryvilleCAUSA Department of Biodesign Biological Systems and Engineering DivisionLawrence Berkeley National LaboratoryBerkeleyCAUSA Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering University of TennesseeKnoxvilleTN 37996USA SynthSys and Institute of Molecular Plant Sciences School of Biological SciencesUniversity of EdinburghEdinburgh EH93BFUK Department of Biochemistry Genetics and MicrobiologyForestry and Agricultural Biotechnology Institute(FABI)University of PretoriaPretoria 0002South Africa Department of Food Science University of CopenhagenRolighedsvej 26DK-1858FrederiksbergCopenhagenDenmark State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture School of Forestry and BiotechnologyZhejiang A&F UniversityHangzhouZhejiang 311300China State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding Research Institute of Subtropical ForestryChinese Academy of ForestryHangzhouZhejiang 311400China Department of Plant Pathology and Environmental Microbiology and the Huck Institute of the Life Sciences The Pennsylvania State UniversityUniversity ParkPA 16802USA Department of Genetics Cell Biology and DevelopmentCenter for Precision Plant Genomics and Center for Genome EngineeringUniversity of MinnesotaSaint PaulMN 55108USA Department of Plant Science and Landscape Architecture University of ConnecticutStorrsCT 06269USA Division of Plant Sciences Bond Life Sciences CenterUniversity of MissouriColumbiaMOUSA Donald Danforth Plant Science Center St.LouisMOUSA Environmental Sciences Division Oak Ridge National LaboratoryOak RidgeTN 37831USA

Human life intimately depends on plants for food,biomaterials,health,energy,and a sustainable *** plants have been genetically improved mostly through breeding,along with limited modification via genetic engineering,yet they are still not able to meet the ever-increasing needs,in terms of both quantity and quality,resulting from the rapid increase in world population and expected standards of living.A step change that may address these challenges would be to expand the potential of plants using biosystems design *** represents a shift in plant science research from relatively simple trial-and-error approaches to innovative strategies based on predictive models of biological *** biosystems design seeks to accelerate plant genetic improvement using genome editing and genetic circuit engineering or create novel plant systems through de novo synthesis of plant *** this perspective,we present a comprehensive roadmap of plant biosystems design covering theories,principles,and technical methods,along with potential applications in basic and applied plant biology *** highlight current challenges,future opportunities,and research priorities,along with a framework for international collaboration,towards rapid advancement of this emerging interdisciplinary area of ***,we discuss the importance of social responsibility in utilizing plant biosystems design and suggest strategies for improving public perception,trust,and acceptance.

关键词： Plant utilizing breeding

Drosophila models used to simulate human ATP1A1 gene mutations that cause Charcot-Marie-Tooth type 2 disease and refractory seizures

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第1期20卷 265-276页

作者： Yao Yuan Lingqi Yu Xudong Zhuang Dongjing Wen jin He jingmei Hong Jiayu Xie Shengan Ling Xiaoyue Du Wenfeng chen Xinrui Wang Institute of Life Sciences College of Biological Science and EngineeringFuzhou UniversityFuzhouFujian ProvinceChina NHC Key Laboratory of Technical Evaluation of Fertility Regulation for Non-human Primate(Fujian Maternity and Child Health Hospital) FuzhouFujian ProvinceChina Medical Research Center Fujian Maternity and Child Health HospitalCollege of Clinical Medicine for Obstetrics&Gynecology and PediatricsFujian Medical UniversityFuzhouFujian ProvinceChina Department of Neurology and Institute of Neurology of The First Affiliated Hospital Institute of Neuroscienceand Fujian Key Laboratory of Molecular NeurologyFujian Medical UniversityFuzhouFujian ProvinceChina

Certain amino acids changes in the human Na^(+)/K^(+)-ATPase pump,ATPase Na^(+)/K^(+)transporting subunit alpha 1(ATP1A1),cause Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease type 2(CMT2)disease and refractory *** develop in vivo models to study the role of Na^(+)/K^(+)-ATPase in these diseases,we modified the Drosophila gene homolog,Atpα,to mimic the human ATP1A1 gene mutations that cause *** located within the helical linker region of human ATP1A1(I592T,A597T,P600T,and D601F)were simultaneously introduced into endogenous Drosophila Atpαby CRISPR/Cas9-mediated genome editing,generating the Atpα^(TTTF)*** addition,the same strategy was used to generate the corresponding single point mutations in flies(Atpα^(I571T),Atpα^(A576T),Atpα^(P579T),and Atpα^(D580F)).Moreover,a deletion mutation(Atpα^(mut))that causes premature termination of translation was generated as a positive *** these alleles,we found two that could be maintained as homozygotes(Atpα^(I571T)and Atpα^(P579T)).Three alleles(Atpα^(A576T),Atpα^(P579)and Atpα^(D580F))can form heterozygotes with the Atpαmut *** found that the Atpαallele carrying these CMT2-associated mutations showed differential phenotypes in *** heterozygous for Atpα^(TTTF)mutations have motor performance defects,a reduced lifespan,seizures,and an abnormal neuronal *** Drosophila models will provide a new platform for studying the function and regulation of the sodium-potassium pump.

关键词： ATP1A1 Atpα bang-sensitive paralysis Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease type 2 CRISPR/Cas9 homology-directed repair Na^(+)/K^(+)-ATPase point mutation seizures sodium pump

中间偃麦草×长穗偃麦草杂交种F_1的幼穗分化及小孢子发育

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草学 2017年第3期 30-35页

作者：闫利军米福贵王晓龙杨金贵陈丽丽靳慧靳于洁四川省草原科学研究院四川成都611743 内蒙古农业大学生态环境学院内蒙古呼和浩特010019 黑龙江省畜牧研究所黑龙江齐齐哈尔161005

对中间偃麦草(***)和长穗偃麦草(***)的杂交种F_1的幼穗分化和小孢子发育进行了观察。结果表明,杂种F_1幼穗分化是一个连续的过程,可分为8个时期:初生期、伸长期、结节期、小穗突起期、颖片突起期、小花突起期、雌雄蕊形成期和抽穗始期... 详细信息

对中间偃麦草(***)和长穗偃麦草(***)的杂交种F_1的幼穗分化和小孢子发育进行了观察。结果表明,杂种F_1幼穗分化是一个连续的过程,可分为8个时期:初生期、伸长期、结节期、小穗突起期、颖片突起期、小花突起期、雌雄蕊形成期和抽穗始期。杂种F_1生长锥的分化具有很强的规律性:中上部的小穗最先发育,然后从中上部开始逐渐向上、向下发育,基部的小穗发育最缓慢;在每一小穗上,基部的小花最先发育,然后由基部逐渐向上发育。杂种F_1小孢子发育是一个连续分化的过程,在小孢子发育过程中有些细胞有没配对的染色体存在,有染色体粘连现象出现,在减数分裂中期Ⅰ染色体以二价体为主,但能观察到少量单价体、三价体和四价体的存在。

关键词：偃麦草杂种F1 幼穗分化小孢子发育

Potassium ions and cyano group modified g-C3N4 for effective generation of H2O2 through two-electron oxygen reduction

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Science China Chemistry 2025年第1期 192-200页

作者： Dongying Wang Shulan Pu Yongmin chen Ke Lei Yujie Duan Linjiao Mao Xuhui Zeng Xi Luo Yuntao Zhang Yuqin Dong jin Zhong Zhang Yan Sun School of Mechanical Engineering Chengdu University Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry University of California

Potassium ions （K+） doped graphitic carbon nitride （g-C3N4） was prepared by a thermal etching method using potassium hydroxide （KOH） as an ion *** transform infrared spectroscopy （FTIR） and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy （XPS）results showed that the generation of the cyano group was detected while introducing K+.Under simulated sunlight irradiation,the sample with a K+doping amount of 10%showed the highest hydrogen peroxide （H2O2） generation rate of2,140.2μmol *** apparent quantum yield （AQY） at 400 nm and the solar-to-chemical conversion （SCC） are 4.35%and1.23%,respectively.K+acted as a bridge between g-C3N4layers,which enhanced charge transfer ***,the cyano group enhanced the adsorption capacity of protons （H+） and promoted the yield of *** catalyst exhibited excellent photocatalytic stability based on four-cycle *** addition,a mechanism study showed that superoxide radicals （·O2-）were the most important active species in the reaction *** production of H2O2was achieved through consecutive single-electron *** study deepens the understanding of the oxygen reduction reaction process and opens up a new venue for improving H2O2generation.

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Supersonic flow onto solid wedges, multidimensional shock waves and free boundary problems Dedicated to Professor LI Ta Tsien on the Occasion of His 80th Birthday

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Science China Mathematics 2017年第8期60卷 1353-1370页

作者： chen gui-Qiang School of Mathematical Sciences Fudan University Academy of Mathematics and Systems Science Chinese Academy of Sciences School of Mathematical Sciences University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Mathematical Institute University of Oxford

When an upstream steady uniform supersonic flow impinges onto a symmetric straight-sided wedge,governed by the Euler equations,there are two possible steady oblique shock configurations if the wedge angle is less than the detachment angle—the steady weak shock with supersonic or subsonic downstream flow(determined by the wedge angle that is less than or greater than the sonic angle)and the steady strong shock with subsonic downstream flow,both of which satisfy the entropy *** fundamental issue—whether one or both of the steady weak and strong shocks are physically admissible solutions—has been vigorously debated over the past eight *** this paper,we survey some recent developments on the stability analysis of the steady shock solutions in both the steady and dynamic *** the static stability,we first show how the stability problem can be formulated as an initial-boundary value type problem and then reformulate it into a free boundary problem when the perturbation of both the upstream steady supersonic flow and the wedge boundary are suitably regular and small,and we finally present some recent results on the static stability of the steady supersonic and transonic *** the dynamic stability for potential flow,we first show how the stability problem can be formulated as an initial-boundary value problem and then use the self-similarity of the problem to reduce it into a boundary value problem and further reformulate it into a free boundary problem,and we finally survey some recent developments in solving this free boundary problem for the existence of the PrandtlMeyer configurations that tend to the steady weak supersonic or transonic oblique shock solutions as time goes to *** further developments and mathematical challenges in this direction are also discussed.

关键词： shock wave free boundary wedge problem transonic mixed type Euler equations static stability dynamic stability

Seasonal Variations of Terrestrial OC Sources in Aerosols over the East China Sea: The Influence of Long-Range Air Mass Transport

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Journal of Ocean University of China 2021年第5期20卷 1147-1156页

作者： chen Qu GUO Zhigang YU Meng jin gui’e ZHAO Meixun Frontiers Science Center for Deep Ocean Multispheres and Earth System and Key Laboratory of Marine Chemistry Theory and TechnologyMinistry of EducationOcean University of ChinaQingdao 266100China Laboratory for Marine Ecology and Environmental Science Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and TechnologyQingdao 266237China Shanghai Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Particle Pollution and Prevention Department of Environmental Science and EngineeringFudan UniversityShanghai 200433China

Aerosols represent an important source of terrestrial organic carbon(OC)from the East Asian continent to the China marginal seas,thus their provenance and transport play important roles in the global carbon *** samples of total suspended particle were collected seasonally from the nearshore Huaniao Island(HNI)in East China Sea(ECS)from April 2018 to January 2019;and they were analyzed for total organic carbon(TOC)content and stable carbon isotope(δ^(13)C),as well as terrestrial bio-markers including n-alkanes(C_(20)-C_(33)),n-alkanols(C_(20)-C32)and n-fatty acids(n-FAs,C_(20)-C30),to distinguish the seasonal variabili-ties of terrestrial OC sources and reveal the influence of the long-range air mass transport on these *** TOC-δ^(13)C values(range from−27.3‰to−24.3‰)and molecular distributions of terrestrial biomarkers both suggested that terrestrial OC contribu-tions to aerosols had significant seasonal *** source indices of terrestrial biomarkers(e.g.,Fossil%=82.8%for n-alkanes)revealed that the fossil fuel OC contributions,including coal burning and vehicular emission,were higher in winter,mainly because of the long-range air mass transport from the north of the East Asian *** terrestrial plant OC contributions were higher in summer(e.g.,Wax%=32.4%for n-alkanes),likely due to local vegetation sources from HNI and East Asian continental air *** analysis of air mass backward-trajectories clearly showed that transport pathway plays an important role in determining the organic constituents of aerosols in China marginal seas.A comparison of these terrestrial OC contributions from different air mass origins suggested that fossil fuel OC showed less variations among various air mass origins from northern China in winter,while terrestrial plant OC sources from northern and southern China in summer contributed more than that from the air masses transported through the *** results provided a basis for future quantificati

关键词： organic aerosols terrestrial biomarkers fossil fuel OC terrestrial plant OC cluster analysis air mass transport

Numerical Investigation of the Load Distribution between the Main Blade and the Splitter Blade in a High-Loading Centrifugal Compressor

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Journal of Thermal Science 2022年第5期31卷 1682-1695页

作者： OU Jun jin Donghai gui Xingmin Aeroengine Simulation Research Center School of Energy and Power EngineeringBeihang UniversityBeijing100191China Jiangxi Research Institute of Beihang University Nanchang330096China

In the traditional design of the centrifugal compressor,the splitter blade and the main blade always keep the same ***,to enable high efficiency of the high-loading centrifugal compressor,the matching of design parameters of the splitter blade and the main blade needs to be *** this paper,the influence of the load distribution between the main blade and the splitter blade on the aerodynamic performance,the flow field,and the internal vortices of a high-loading centrifugal compressor were studied by means of CFD *** cases with different values of the variable CR which is defined as the load-ratio of splitter blade to main blade were set *** each case,the splitter blade and the main blade were shaped according to different laws of circulation distribution(_(r)V_(u))while the average circulation of the splitter blade and the main blade at any meridional position were consistent with that of the *** results showed that a proper reduction of the load-ratio of splitter blade to main blade is beneficial to suppress the leakage vortex of the splitter blade and reduce the scale of the wake in the channel near the suction-side of the splitter blade,which consequently improves the flow uniformity at the impeller outlet and enhances the aerodynamic performance of both the stage and the *** stage isentropic efficiency of the optimal case was found to be 0.7%higher than that of the prototype and the stage total pressure ratio was also *** optimal value of CR,which in this investigation is 94%,is supposed to be the result of the trade-off between the development of the wake and the leakage vortices in adjacent two *** optimization of the load distribution between the main blade and the splitter blade provides an opportunity to further improve the high-loading centrifugal compressor performance.

关键词： high-loading centrifugal compressor load distribution performance flow uniformity wake leakage vortex

Numerical investigation and modeling of sweep effects on inlet flow field of axial compressor cascades

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Chinese Journal of Aeronautics 2024年第2期37卷 296-308页

作者： Jiancheng ZHANG Donghai jin Xingmin gui School of Energy and Power Engineering Beihang UniversityBeijing 100191China Jiangxi Research Institue of Beihang University Nanchang 330096China

Swept blades are widely utilized in transonic compressors/fans and provide high load,high through-flow,high efficiency,and adequate stall ***,there is limited quantitative research on the mechanism of the effect of swept blades on the flow field,resulting in a lack of direct quantitative guidance for the design and analysis of swept blades in fans/*** better understand this mechanism,this study employs a reduced-dimensional force equilibrium method to analyze more than 1500 swept cascades *** verify that circumferential fluctuation terms are responsible for inducing radial migration in the inlet airflow field of the swept blade,resulting in variations in the incidence angle and consequently leading to changes in the characteristics of the swept ***,a combination of simple functions and machine learning is utilized to model the circumferential fluctuation terms and quantify the sweep *** prediction accuracy of the model is high,with coefficient of determination greater than 0.95 on the test *** the model is applied in a meridional flow analysis program,the calculation accuracy of the program for the incidence angle is improved by 0.4°and 0.6°at the design and off-design conditions respectively,compensating for the program’s original ***,the model can also provide quantitative guidance for the design of swept blades,thereby reducing the number of design iterations and improving design efficiency.

关键词： Turbomachinery Sweep aerodynamics Quasi-3D method Incidence angle Circumferential fluctuation Machine learning

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一种过氧乙酸的消毒性能观察

中国消毒学杂志 2017年第5期34卷 413-415页

作者：尹进陈贵秋朱应凯易亮高琼宋江南李世康刘上湖南省疾病预防控制中心湖南长沙410005

目的观察某过氧乙酸消毒性能,为实际使用提供科学依据。方法采用含量测试、定量杀菌试验、空气消毒模拟试验、现场试验和毒性试验,对该消毒液的稳定性、消毒效果、毒性进行判定。结果该消毒液过氧乙酸质量分数为16.03%,置37℃温箱储存90... 详细信息

目的观察某过氧乙酸消毒性能,为实际使用提供科学依据。方法采用含量测试、定量杀菌试验、空气消毒模拟试验、现场试验和毒性试验,对该消毒液的稳定性、消毒效果、毒性进行判定。结果该消毒液过氧乙酸质量分数为16.03%,置37℃温箱储存90 d,有效成分含量下降2.18%。含100 mg/L过氧乙酸稀释液作用5 min,对金黄色葡萄球菌和大肠杆菌杀灭对数值均大于5.00,该浓度下作用10 min,对木质桌面和织物上自然菌消除对数值均大于1.00;1 000 mg/L过氧乙酸作用30 min,对枯草杆菌黑色变种芽孢悬液的杀灭对数值均大于5.00,该浓度按10 ml/m^3用量喷雾消毒后30 min,对空气中的白色葡萄球菌杀灭率大于99.90%、对空气中自然菌的消亡率大于90.0%。该过氧乙酸属于低毒类,其最高应用浓度5倍溶液(2.5%)属实际无毒类;小鼠急性吸入LC502 h大于10 000 mg/(kg·bw);小鼠骨髓嗜多染红细胞微核试验为阴性。结论该过氧乙酸性能稳定,对细菌、真菌和细菌芽孢有良好的杀灭效果。常用浓度属实际无毒,无致突变作用。

关键词：过氧乙酸稳定性杀菌效果毒性