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Neurotrophins and neural stem cells in posttraumatic brain injury repair

Animal Models and Experimental Medicine 2024年第1期7卷 12-23页

作者： Wenwen Guo Ke Liu Yinghua Wang Xu ge Yifan Ma jing Qin Caiqin Zhang Ya zhao Changhong Shi Laboratory Animal Center Fourth Military Medical UniversityXi'anP.R.China Gansu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine LanzhouP.R.China Medical College of Yan'an University Yan'anP.R.China

Traumatic brain injury(TBI)is the main cause of disability,mental health disorder,and even death,with its incidence and social costs rising steadily.Although different treatment strategies have been developed and tested to mitigate neurological decline,a definitive cure for these conditions remains elusive.Studies have revealed that vari-ous neurotrophins represented by the brain-derived neurotrophic factor are the key regulators of neuroinflammation,apoptosis,blood-brain barrier permeability,neurite regeneration,and memory function.These factors are instrumental in alleviating neu-roinflammation and promoting neuroregeneration.In addition,neural stem cells(NSC)contribute to nerve repair through inherent neuroprotective and immunomodulatory properties,the release of neurotrophins,the activation of endogenous NSCs,and in-tercellular signaling.Notably,innovative research proposals are emerging to combine BDNF and NSCs,enabling them to synergistically complement and promote each other in facilitating injury repair and improving neuron differentiation after TBI.In this review,we summarize the mechanism of neurotrophins in promoting neurogen-esis and restoring neural function after TBI,comprehensively explore the potential therapeutic effects of various neurotrophins in basic research on TBI,and investigate their interaction with NSCs.This endeavor aims to provide a valuable insight into the clinical treatment and transformation of neurotrophins in TBI,thereby promoting the progress of TBI therapeutics.

关键词： mutual effect neural stem cells neurological function neurotrophins traumatic brain injury

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Biological factors driving colorectal cancer metastasis

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World Journal of Gastrointestinal Oncology 2024年第2期16卷 259-272页

作者： Shuai-Xing An zhao-jin Yu Chen Fu Min-Jie Wei Long-Hai Shen Department of Pharmacology School of PharmacyChina Medical UniversityShenyang 110122Liaoning ProvinceChina Liaoning Key Laboratory of Molecular Targeted Antitumor Drug Development and Evaluation Liaoning Cancer Immune Peptide Drug Engineering Technology Research CenterKey Laboratory of Precision Diagnosis and Treatment of Gastrointestinal Tumors(China Medical University)Ministry of EducationShenyang 110122Liaoning ProvinceChina BD Department Greenpine Pharma Group Co.LtdTianjin 300020China Center of Oncology Genertec Liaoyou Gem Flower HospitalPanJin 124010Liaoning ProvinceChina

Approximately 20%of colorectal cancer(CRC)patients present with metastasis at diagnosis.Among Stage I-III CRC patients who undergo surgical resection,18%typically suffer from distal metastasis within the first three years following initial treatment.The median survival duration after the diagnosis of metastatic CRC(mCRC)is only 9 mo.mCRC is traditionally considered to be an advanced stage malignancy or is thought to be caused by incomplete resection of tumor tissue,allowing cancer cells to spread from primary to distant organs;however,increa-sing evidence suggests that the mCRC process can begin early in tumor development.CRC patients present with high heterogeneity and diverse cancer phenotypes that are classified on the basis of molecular and morphological alterations.Different genomic and nongenomic events can induce subclone diversity,which leads to cancer and metastasis.Throughout the course of mCRC,metastatic cascades are associated with invasive cancer cell migration through the circulatory system,extravasation,distal seeding,dormancy,and reactivation,with each step requiring specific molecular functions.However,cancer cells presenting neoantigens can be recognized and eliminated by the immune system.In this review,we explain the biological factors that drive CRC metastasis,namely,genomic instability,epigenetic instability,the metastatic cascade,the cancer-immunity cycle,and external lifestyle factors.Despite remarkable progress in CRC research,the role of molecular classification in therapeutic intervention remains unclear.This review shows the driving factors of mCRC which may help in identifying potential candidate biomarkers that can improve the diagnosis and early detection of mCRC cases.

关键词： cancer Metastasis cascade Cancer immunity genomic variation Epigenetic instability Lifestyle factor

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An efficient and mild recycling of waste melamine formaldehyde foams by alkaline hydrolysis

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Green Energy & Environment 2024年第5期9卷 919-926页

作者： Shaodi Wu Ning Zhang Chizhou Wang Xianglin Hou Jie zhao Shiyu Jia Jiancheng zhao Xiaojing Cui Haibo jin Tiansheng Deng Shanxi Engineering Research Center of Biorefinery Institute of Coal ChemistryChinese Academy of Sciences27 South Taoyuan RoadTaiyuan030001China Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100049China Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Taiyuan Institute of TechnologyTaiyuanShanxi030008China Beijing Key Laboratory of Fuels Cleaning and Advanced Catalytic Emission Reduction Technology/College of New Materials and Chemical Engineering Beijing Institute of Petrochemical TechnologyBeijing102617China

Melamine formaldehyde foam(MFF)generates many poisonous chemicals through the traditional recycling methods for organic resin wastes.Herein,a high MFF degradation ratio of ca.97 wt.%was achieved under the mild conditions(160℃)in a NaOH–H2O system with ammelide and ammeline as the main degradation products.The alkaline solvent had an obvious corrosion effect for MFF,as indicated by scanning electron microscopy(SEM).The reaction process and products distribution were studied by Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy(FTIR),X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy(XPS),and ^(13)C nuclear magnetic resonance(NMR).Besides,the MFF degradation products that have the similar chemical structures and bonding performances to those of melamine can be directly used as the raw material for synthesis of melamine urea-formaldehyde resins(MUFs).Moreover,the degradation system demonstrated here showed the high degradation efﬁciency after reusing for 7 times.The degradation process generated few harmful pollutants and no pre-or post-treatments were required,which proves its feasibility in the safe removal or recovery of waste MFF.

关键词： Melamine formaldehyde foam Degradation Alkaline hydrolysis Recycling

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Weather-Driven Solar Power Forecasting Using D-Informer:Enhancing Predictions with Climate Variables

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Energy Engineering 2024年第5期121卷 1245-1261页

作者： Chenglian Ma Rui Han zhao An Tianyu Hu Meizhu jin School of Electrical Engineering Northeast Electric Power UniversityJilin132013China Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology Chinese Academy of SciencesShenzhen518055China

Precise forecasting of solar power is crucial for the development of sustainable energy systems.Contemporary forecasting approaches often fail to adequately consider the crucial role of weather factors in photovoltaic(PV)power generation and encounter issues such as gradient explosion or disappearance when dealing with extensive time-series data.To overcome these challenges,this research presents a cutting-edge,multi-stage forecasting method called D-Informer.This method skillfully merges the differential transformation algorithm with the Informer model,leveraging a detailed array of meteorological variables and historical PV power generation records.The D-Informer model exhibits remarkable superiority over competing models across multiple performance metrics,achieving on average a 67.64%reduction in mean squared error(MSE),a 49.58%decrease in mean absolute error(MAE),and a 43.43%reduction in root mean square error(RMSE).Moreover,it attained an R2 value as high as 0.9917 during the winter season,highlighting its precision and dependability.This significant advancement can be primarily attributed to the incorporation of a multi-head self-attention mechanism,which greatly enhances the model’s ability to identify complex interactions among diverse input variables,and the inclusion of weather variables,enriching the model’s input data and strengthening its predictive accuracy in time series analysis.Additionally,the experimental results confirm the effectiveness of the proposed approach.

关键词： Power forecasting deep learning weather-driven solar power

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Manipulating Na occupation and constructing protective film of P2-Na_(0.67)Ni_(0.33)Mn_(0.67)O_(2) as long-term cycle stability cathode for sodium-ion batteries

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2024年第1期88卷 603-611,I0013页

作者： Yiran Sun Pengfei Zhou Siyu Liu Zhongjun zhao Yihao Pan Xiangyan Shen Xiaozhong Wu jinping zhao Junying Weng jin Zhou School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Shandong University of TechnologyZibo 0255000ShandongChina School of Materials Science and Engineering Shandong University of TechnologyZibo 255049ShandongChina

P2-Na_(0.67)Ni_(0.33)Mn_(0.67)O_(2)(NNMO)is promising cathode material for sodium-ion batteries(SIBs)due to its high specific capacity and fast Na+diffusion rate.Nonetheless,the irreversible P2-O_(2)phase transformation,Na+/vacancy ordering,and transition metal(TM)dissolution seriously damage its cycling stability and restrict its commercialization process.Herein,Na occupation manipulation and interface stabilization are proposed to strengthen the phase structure of NNMO by synergistic Zn/Ti co-doping and introducing lithium difluorophosp(LiPO_(2)F_(2))film-forming electrolyte additive.The Zn/Ti co-doping regulates the occupancy ratio of Nae/Nafat Na sites and disorganizes the Na+/vacancy ordering,resulting in a faster Na+diffusion kinetics and reversible P2-Z phase transition for P2-Na_(0.67)Ni_(0.28)Zn_(0.05)Mn_(0.62)Ti_(0.05)O_(2)(NNZMTO).Meanwhile,the LiPO_(2)F_(2)additive can form homogeneous and ultrathin cathode-electrolyte interphase(CEI)on NNZMTO surface,which can stabilize the NNZMTO-electrolyte interface to prevent TM dissolution,surface structure transformation,and micro-crack generation.Combination studies of in situ and ex situ characterizations and theoretical calculations were used to elucidate the storage mechanism of NNZMTO with Li PO_(2)F_(2)additive.As a result,the NNZMTO displays outstanding capacity retention of 94.44%after 500 cycles at 1C with 0.3 wt%Li PO_(2)F_(2),excellent rate performance of 92.5 mA h g^(-1)at 8C with 0.1 wt%Li PO_(2)F_(2),and remarkable full cell capability.This work highlights the important role of manipulating Na occupation and constructing protective film in the design of layered materials,which provides a promising direction for developing high-performance cathodes for SIBs.

关键词： Layered cathode Zn/Ti co-doping Na occupation Electrolyte additive Sodium-ion batteries

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Haploinsufficiency of Lipin3 leads to hypertriglyceridemia and obesity by disrupting the expression and nucleocytoplasmic localization of Lipin1

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Frontiers of Medicine 2024年第1期18卷 180-191页

作者： Fang Wang Yuxing Liu Yi Dong Meifang zhao Hao Huang Jieyuan jin Liangliang Fan Rong Xiang Department of Endocrinology The Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South UniversityChangsha410013China Department of Cellular Biology School of Life SciencesKey Laboratory of Pediatric Rare DiseasesMinistry of EducationCentral South UniversityChangsha410013China

Lipin proteins including Lipin 1–3 act as transcriptional co-activators and phosphatidic acid phosphohydrolase enzymes,which play crucial roles in lipid metabolism.However,little is known about the function of Lipin3 in triglyceride(TG)metabolism.Here,we identified a novel mutation(NM_001301860:p.1835A>T/p.D612V)of Lipin3 in a large family with hypertriglyceridemia(HTG)and obesity through whole-exome sequencing and Sanger sequencing.Functional studies revealed that the novel variant altered the half-life and stability of the Lipin3 protein.Hence,we generated Lipin3 heterozygous knockout(Lipin3-heKO)mice and cultured primary hepatocytes to explore the pathophysiological roles of Lipin3 in TG metabolism.We found that Lipin3-heKO mice exhibited obvious obesity,HTG,and non-alcoholic fatty liver disorder.Mechanistic study demonstrated that the haploinsufficiency of Lipin3 in primary hepatocytes may induce the overexpression and abnormal distribution of Lipin1 in cytosol and nucleoplasm.The increased expression of Lipin1 in cytosol may contribute to TG anabolism,and the decreased Lipin1 in nucleoplasm can reduce PGC1α,further leading to mitochondrial dysfunction and reduced TG catabolism.Our study suggested that Lipin3 was a novel disease-causing gene inducing obesity and HTG.We also established a relationship between Lipin3 and mitochondrial dysfunction.

关键词： Lipin3 Lipin1 hypertriglyceridemia obesity mitochondrial dysfunction

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Experimental and numerical study of combustion characteristics of ammonia-hydrogen-air swirling flame with/without secondary air injection

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Chinese Journal of Aeronautics 2024年第4期37卷 243-255页

作者： Chunyu LIU Chenhu GAO Yue HUANG Hua jin Dan zhao Wenjiang XU Yancheng YOU School of Aerospace Engineering Xiamen UniversityXiamen 361005China School of Mechanical Engineering Shanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai 200240China Department of Mechanical Engineering University of CanterburyChristchurch 8041New Zealand

Ammonia (NH_(3)) is currently considered to be a potential carbon-free alternative fuel,and its large-scale use as such would certainly decrease greenhouse gas emissions and meet increasingly stringent emission requirements.Although the low flame propagation speed and high NO production of NH_(3) hinder its direct application as a renewable fuel,co-combustion of NH_(3)–H_(2)is an effective way to overcome these challenges.In this study,the combustion characteristics of NH_(3)–H_(2)swirling flames under different equivalence ratios and H_2blending ratios conditions are both numerically and experimentally investigated.Numerically,the One-Dimensional (1D) laminar flame computation presents a comparison base and the Three-Dimensional (3D) numerical simulation yields detailed flame property distributions.Experimentally,the high-speed camera takes instantaneous swirl flame images and the gas analyzer measures the NO emission at the exit plane of the flame chamber.Qualitative and quantitative analysis is performed on the flame structure and NO emission for a series of NH_(3)–H_(2)swirl flames.The variation trends of the NO emission calculated using different techniques agree very well.The quantitative results show that the NO emissions are much higher at lean equivalence ratios than those at rich equivalence ratios,and such difference is closely related to the combustion flame structure.Moreover,it is shown that the utilization of secondary air injection can achieve a significant reduction in NO emissions at the exit of the combustion chamber at equivalence ratios less than or equal to 0.9.

关键词： Ammonia combustion Swirling flow NO emission characteristics Secondary combustion Chemical reaction mechanism

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Searching for the Highest Energy of Pulsation and Critical Luminosity of Swift J0243.6+6124 Observed by Insight-HXMT

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Research in Astronomy and Astrophysics 2024年第5期24卷 61-69页

作者： Qing-Xia zhao Xian Hou Ming-Yu ge Shuang-Nan Zhang Yun-Xiang Xiao You-Li Tuo Zi-Xu Yang Ling-Da Kong jin-Lu Qu Shu Zhang Jian-Cheng Wang Yunnan Observatories Chinese Academy of SciencesKunming 650216China Key Laboratory of Particle Astrophysics Institute of High Energy PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100049China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences ChineseAcademy of SciencesBeijing 100049China Key Laboratory for the Structure and Evolution of Celestial Objects Chinese Academy of SciencesKunming 650216China Institut fur Astronomic und Astrophysik Sand 1D-72076 TabingenGemany School of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering Shandong University of TechnologyZibo 255000China

Owing to the broad energy coverage of Insight-HXMT in the hard X-ray band,we detected the highest energy of pulsation exceeding 200 keV around the 2017–2018 outburst peak of the first Galactic pulsating ultraluminous X-ray source (PULX) Swift J0243.6+6124,which is the highest energy detected from PULXs to date.We also obtained the highest energy of pulsation of every exposure during the outburst in 2017–2018,and found the highest energy is roughly positively correlated with luminosity.Using our newly developed method,we identified the critical luminosity being 4×10~(38)erg s~(-1) when the main peaks of the low and high energy pulse profiles became aligned,which separates the fan-beam dominated and pencil-beam dominated accretion regimes.Above the critical luminosity,the phase of the main peak shifted gradually from 0.5 to 0.8 until the outburst peak in al energy bands is reached,which is in agreement with the phase shift found previously at low energies.Our result is consistent with what is derived from spectral analysis.

关键词： (stars:)pulsars-individual(Swift J0243.6+6124)-X-rays binaries–stars neutron

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Directional amine-based solvent extraction for simultaneous enhanced water recovery,salt separation and effective descaling from hypersaline brines

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Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering 2024年第3期18卷 83-92页

作者： Yuyao Zhang Litao Jia jin zhao Xuming Liu Shuyu Dong Chuanyang Liu Yuanyuan Cui Shougang Research Institute of Technology Beijing 100043China Research Center of Environmental Technology in Water Pollution Source Identification and Precise Supervision School of EnvironmentTsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China

The feasibility of simultaneous water recovery,salt separation and effective descaling of hypersaline brine was investigated by diisopropylamine(DIPA)-based directional solvent extraction(DSE),using diluted/concentrated seawater with initial saline concentration range of 12–237 g/L at extraction temperatures of 5 and 15℃,respectively.The water recovery shows an obvious boundary at saline concentration of 115 g/L under dual effect of specific water extraction efficiency and extraction cycles.High Cl^(–) ion concentration in product water is in sharp contrast to the nearly complete removal of SO_(4)^(2–)and hardness ions,indicating that DIPA-based DSE process indeed achieved efficient separation and purification of Cl^(–) ion from hypersaline brines.Especially,the radical precipitation of Mg^(2+)and Ca^(2+)ions in form of Mg(OH)_(2)and CaCO_(3)demonstrates effective descaling potential,although it leads to more DIPA residues in dewatered raffinate than product water.Moreover,an exponential correlation between the Cl^(–) removal efficiency and specific water extraction efficiency further reveals the intrinsic relationship of water extraction process and transfer of Cl^(–) ion to the product water.Overall,the study provides a novel approach for integrating the water recovery and separation of Cl^(–) ion from ultra-high-salinity brines with radical precipitation of Mg^(2+)and Ca^(2+) ions in one step.

关键词： Hypersaline brines Directional solvent extraction Salt separation Ca^(2+)and Mg^(2+)descaling

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A sponge-based iron-tannic-acid hydrogel interface evaporator designed for clean water production

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Science China(Technological Sciences) 2024年第5期67卷 1579-1591页

作者： ZHANG ZeKun LI ChengLong TAO HuaYu ge Bo ZHANG YongLe zhao LiMin LIU JunChang REN GuiNa ZHANG zhaoZhu School of Materials Science and Engineering Liaocheng UniversityLiaocheng252059China School of Environmental and Material Engineering Yantai UniversityYantai264405China State Key Laboratory of Solid Lubrication Lanzhou Institute of Chemical PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesLanzhou730000China

Due to the rapid advancement of technologies,there has been a significant increase in the discharge of industrial wastewater,and freshwater is becoming a scarce resource.Currently,research on solar evaporators is mainly focused on the efficient production of clean water,with less emphasis on the removal of residual pollutants remaining in the original solutions.Through this study,problems,including the difficult recovery of catalyst powder and the difficult removal of floating organic matter are solved by co-depositing low-surface-tension zirconia particles and bismuth tungstate onto the floating layer.Hydrogels and melamine sponges were combined to solve the problem that traditional hydrogels lack mechanical strength.An excellent water-repellent effect can be seen from the contact angle between the liquid globule and canvas/felt,which is greater than 155°.The steam generation rate of the assembled evaporation system is 1.78 kg m^(-2)h^(-1),and its purification efficiency for methyl orange and rhodamine B exceeds 99%.This study presents a novel strategy for treating wastewater contaminated with organic dyes,aiming to solve problems including environmental damage,water pollution,and water scarcity.

关键词： oil removal non-wetting interface

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