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Regulatory mechanisms of retinal ganglion cell death in normal tension glaucoma and potential therapies

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Neural Regeneration Research 2023年第1期18卷 87-93页

作者： Wen-Cui Shen Bing-Qing Huang Jin Yang Tianjin Eye Hospital&Eye Institute Tianjin Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual ScienceNankai UniversityTianjinChina State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology National Clinical Research Center for Blood DiseasesInstitute of Hematology&Blood Diseases HospitalChinese Academy of Medical Sciences&Peking Union Medical CollegeTianjinChina

Normal tension glaucoma(NTG)is a multifactorial optic neuropathy characterized by normal intraocular pressure,progressive retinal ganglion cell(RGC)death,and glaucomatous visual field loss.Recent studies have described the mechanisms underlying the pathogenesis of NTG.In addition to controlling intraocular pressure,neuroprotection and reduction of RGC degeneration may be beneficial therapies for NTG.In this review,we summarized the main regulatory mechanisms of RGC death in NTG,including autophagy,glutamate neurotoxicity,oxidative stress,neuroinflammation,immunity,and vasoconstriction.Autophagy can be induced by retinal hypoxia and axonal damage.In this process,ischemia can cause mutations of optineurin and activate the nuclear factor-kappa B pathway.Glutamate neurotoxicity is induced by the over-stimulation of N-methyl-D-aspartate membrane receptors by glutamate,which occurs in RGCs and induces progressive glaucomatous optic neuropathy.Oxidative stress also participates in NTG-related glaucomatous optic neuropathy.It impairs the mitochondrial and DNA function of RGCs through the apoptosis signal-regulating kinase-JUN N-terminal kinase pathway.Moreover,it increases inflammation and the immune response of RGCs.Endothelin 1 causes endothelial dysfunction and impairment of ocular blood flow,promoting vasospasm and glaucomatous optic neuropathy,as a result of NTG.In conclusion,we discussed research progress on potential options for the protection of RGCs,including TANK binding kinase 1 inhibitors regulating autophagy,N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor antagonists inhibiting glutamate toxicity,ASK1 inhibitors regulating mitochondrial function,and antioxidants inhibiting oxidative stress.In NTG,RGC death is regulated by a network of mechanisms,while various potential targets protect RGCs.Collectively,these findings provide insight into the pathogenesis of NTG and potential therapeutic strategies.

关键词： autophagy endothelin 1 glutamate neurotoxicity inhibitor nerve regeneration neuroinflammation normal tension glaucoma oxidative stress retinal ganglion cell vasoconstriction

Plastome phylogenomics of the East Asian endemic genus Dobinea

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Plant Diversity 2021年第1期43卷 35-42页

作者： Changkun Liu Jin Yang Lei jin Shuying Wang Zhenyan yang Yunheng Ji CAS Key Laboratory for Plant Diversity and Biogeography of East Asia Kunming Institute of BotanyChinese Academy of SciencesKunming650201China School of Life Science Yunnan UniversityKunming650091China School of Traditional Chinese Medicine Guangdong Pharmaceutical UniversityGuangzhou510006China

Dobinea is a dioecious genus endemic to East Asia that consists of two extant species:Dobinea delavayi and Dobinea vulgaris.Although the genus is morphologically distinct,its phylogenetic position remains controversial.In this study,we investigated the phylogenetic relationships between Dobinea and related taxa by sequencing the whole plastome DNA sequences for both extant species of Dobinea and comparing them to published plastomes within Sapindales.The complete plastomes of D.vulgaris and D.delavayi were 160,683 and 160,154 base pairs(bp)in length,including a pair of inverted repeat regions(IRs,26,889 and 26,759 bp)divided by the large single-copy region(LSC,87,962 and 87,555 bp)and small single-copy region(SSC,18,943 and 19,081 bp),and identically encoded 113 unique genes(79 protein-coding genes,30 tRNAs,and 4 rRNA genes).Plastid phylogenomic analyses showed that Dobinea was a well-supported monophyletic unit and sister to the clade including tribes Anacardieae and Rhoideae,which suggests that Dobinea is a member of Anacardiaceae.In addition,molecular dating inferred D.delavayi and D.vulgaris diverged approximately 10.76 Ma,suggesting the divergence between these two species may have been driven by the intensification of the Asian summer monsoon and the establishment of distinct monsoon regimes in East Asia.

关键词： Neo-endemism Divergence Dobinea delavayi Dobinea vulgaris Dobineeae Anacardiaceae

A Bond Pricing Model with Credit Migration Risk:Different Upgrade and Downgrade Thresholds

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Acta Mathematicae Applicatae Sinica 2023年第3期39卷 765-777页

作者： jin LIANG yang LIN School of Mathematical Sciences Tongji UniversityShanghai 200092China

In this paper, a new corporate bond pricing model with credit migration risk is proposed. This model sets different thresholds for the rising or falling of credit ratings, which forms a buffer zone that could reduce the frequency of credit rating changes. Mathematically, this model is a system of partial differential equations with overlapping area. The existence, uniqueness, regularity and asymptotic behavior of the solution are obtained. Furthermore, a numerical scheme and its stability, convergence and accuracy are discussed in detail. Calibration and analysis of the parameters are also suggested.

关键词： credit migration risk corporate bond pricing structural model buffer zone monotonic iteration calibration

Effectiveness of vitamin D supplementation on the outcome of pulmonary tuberculosis treatment in adults: a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials

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Chinese Medical Journal 2019年第24期132卷 2950-2959页

作者： jing Zhang Chun Chen Jin Yang Department of Intensive Care Unit Chongqing General HospitalUniversity of Chinese Academy of SciencesChongqing 400013China Department of Nephrology Chongqing General HospitalUniversity of Chinese Academy of SciencesChongqing 400014China

Background:Tuberculosis(TB)is one of the most debilitating diseases worldwide.Current studies have shown that vitamin D plays a significant role in host immune defense against Mycobacterium tuberculosis,but clinical trials reported inconsistent results.Therefore,we systematically reviewed the literature to investigate whether vitamin D supplementation could improve the effect of anti-TB therapy.Methods:We systematically searched PubMed,Embase,and the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials from their inception to February 8th,2019 for randomized controlled trials on vitamin D supplementation in patients with pulmonary TB receiving anti-TB therapy.The primary outcomes were time to sputum culture and smear conversion and proportion of participants with negative sputum culture.The secondary outcomes were clinical response to treatment and adverse events.A random-effects model was used to pool studies.Data were analyzed using RevMan 5.3 software.Results:Five studies with a total of 1126 participants were included in our meta-analysis.Vitamin D supplementation did not shorten the time to sputum culture and smear conversion(hazard ratio[HR]1.04,95%confidence interval[CI]0.89–1.23,P=0.60;HR 1.15,95%CI 0.93–1.41,P=0.20,respectively)and did not lead to an increase in the proportion of participants with negative sputum culture(relative risk[RR]1.04,95%CI 0.97–1.11,P=0.32).However,it reduced the time to sputum culture conversion in the sub-group of participants with TaqI tt genotype(HR 8.09,95%CI 1.39–47.09,P=0.02)and improved the multidrug-resistant(MDR)TB sputum culture conversion rate(RR 2.40,95%CI 1.11–5.18,P=0.03).There was no influence on secondary outcomes.Conclusions:Vitamin D supplementation had no beneficial effect on anti-TB treatment,but it reduced the time to sputum culture conversion in participants with tt genotype of the TaqI vitamin D receptor gene polymorphism and improved the MDR TB sputum culture conversion rate.

关键词： Pulmonary tuberculosis Vitamin D Adults Meta-analysis

Active cation-integration high-entropy Prussian blue analogues cathodes for efficient Zn storage

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Nano Research 2023年第2期16卷 2486-2494页

作者： Jiangyuan Xing Yongsheng Zhang yang jin Qianzheng jin School of Chemical Engineering Zhengzhou UniversityZhengzhou 450001China School of Electrical Engineering Zhengzhou UniversityZhengzhou 450001China

Mn-based Prussian blue analogues(Mn-PBAs),featuring a three-dimensional(3D)metal-organic framework and multiple redox couples,have gained wide interests in Zn-ion batteries(ZIBs).However,owing to the Jahn-Teller distortion and disproportionation reaction of Mn^(3+),these materials suffer from poor electrochemical performances and inferior structural stability.Herein,we prepare a typical high-entropy Prussian blue analogue(HE-PBA)with increased configuration entropy through integrating five transition metal elements of Mn,Co,Ni,Fe and Cu into the nitrogen-coordinated-M-lattice sites.Consequently,the HE-PBA presents enhanced uptake of Zn^(2+)with 80 mAh·g^(−1)compared to those medium-entropy PBAs,low-entropy PBAs and conventional PBAs,which can be assigned to“cocktail”effect of multiple transition metal active redox couples.Furthermore,a phase transition process from monoclinic phase to rhombohedral phase occurs in HE-PBA cathode,resulting in a stable structure of MN6(M=Mn,Co,Fe,Ni,Cu)and ZnN4 co-linked to FeC6 through the cyanide ligands.Additionally,the advantages of entropy-driven stability are also confirmed by the calculated reduction energy and the density of states between HE-PBA and KMn[Fe(CN)6](KMnHCF).This work not only presents a high-performance HE-PBA cathode in ZIBs,but also introduces a novel concept of high entropy benefiting for designing advanced materials.

关键词： high-entropy materials Prussian blue analogues phase transformation secondary batteries zinc-ion batteries

Active flutter suppression of nonlinear fin-actuator system via inverse system and immersion and invariance method

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Chinese Journal of Aeronautics 2024年第4期37卷 343-362页

作者： jin LU Zhigang WU Chao yang Chinese Aeronautical Establishment Beijing 100029China School of Aeronautic Science and Engineering Beihang UniversityBeijing 100191China

Structural nonlinearities such as freeplay will affect the stability and even flight safety of the fin-actuator system.There is a lack of a practical method for designing Active Flutter Suppression (AFS) control laws for nonlinear fin-actuator systems.A design method for the AFS controller of the nonlinear all-movable fin-electromechanical actuator system is established by combining the inverse system and the Immersion and Invariance (I&I) theory.First,the composite control law combining the inverse system principle and internal model control is used to offset the nonlinearity and dynamics of the actuator,so that its driving torque can follow the ideal signal.Then,the ideal torque of the actuator is designed employing the I&I theory.The unfavorable oscillation of the fin is suppressed by making the output torque of the actuator track the ideal signal.The simulation results reveal that the proposed AFS method can increase the flutter speed of the nonlinear finactuator system with freeplay,and a set of controller parameters is also applicable for wider freeplay within a certain range.The power required for the actuator does not exceed the power that can be provided by the commonly used aviation actuator.This method can also resist a certain level of noise and external disturbance.

关键词： Aeroelasticity Active flutter suppression Fin-actuator system Freeplay Inverse system Immersion and invariance

Concomitant treatment of ureteral calculi and ipsilateral pelvic sciatic nerve schwannoma with transperitoneal laparoscopic approach: A case report

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World Journal of Clinical Cases 2024年第11期12卷 1947-1953页

作者： yang Xiong jin Li Han-Jie yang Department of Urology Pingxiang People’s HospitalPingxiang 337000Jiangxi ProvinceChina

BACKGROUND Schwannomas are rare peripheral neural myelin sheath tumors that originate from Schwann cells.Of the different types of schwannomas,pelvic sciatic nerve schwannoma is extremely rare.Definite preoperative diagnosis of pelvic schwannomas is difficult,and surgical resection is the gold standard for its definite diagnosis and treatment.CASE SUMMARY We present a case of pelvic schwannoma arising from the sciatic nerve that was detected in a 40-year-old man who underwent computed tomography for intermittent right lower back pain caused exclusively by a right ureteral calculus.Subsequently,successful transperitoneal laparoscopic surgery was performed for the intact removal of the stone and en bloc resection of the schwannoma.The total operative time was 125 min,and the estimated blood loss was inconspicuous.The surgical procedure was uneventful.The patient was discharged on postoperative day 5 with the simultaneous removal of the urinary catheter.However,the patient presented with motor and sensory disorders of the right lower limb,caused by partial damage to the right sciatic nerve.No tumor recurrence was observed at the postoperative appointment.CONCLUSION Histopathological examination of the specimen confirmed the diagnosis of a schwannoma.Thus,laparoscopic surgery is safe and feasible for concomitant extirpation of pelvic schwannomas and other pelvic and abdominal diseases that require surgical treatment.

关键词： Schwannoma Sciatic nerve Laparoscopy Ureteral calculi Pelvic neoplasms Case report

Optimization of nursing interventions for postoperative mental status recovery in patients with cerebral hemorrhage

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World Journal of Psychiatry 2024年第3期14卷 434-444页

作者： jin-Li Tang Wei-Wei yang Xiao-yang yang Neurosurgery Ward 2 Affiliated hospital of Nantong UniversityNantong 226100Jiangsu ProvinceChina Department of Anesthesiology and Surgery The Affiliated Hospital of Nantong UniversityNantong 226100Jiangsu ProvinceChina Department of Neurosurgery Suzhou Kowloon HospitalSchool of MedicineShanghai Jiao Tong UniversitySuzhou 215000Jiangsu ProvinceChina

BACKGROUND Hypertensive cerebral hemorrhage(HCH),the most common chronic diseases,has become a topic of global public health discussions.AIM To investigate the role of rehabilitative nursing interventions in optimizing the postoperative mental status recovery phase and to provide clinical value for future rehabilitation of patients with HCH.METHODS This randomized controlled study included 120 patients with cerebral HCH who were contained to our neurosurgery department between May 2021–May 2023 as the participants.The participants have randomly sampled and grouped into the observation and control groups.The observation group received the rehabilitation nursing model,whereas the control group have given conventional nursing.The conscious state of the patients was assessed at 7,14,21,and 30 d postoperatively.After one month of care,sleep quality,anxiety,and depression were compared between the two groups.Patient and family satisfaction were assessed using a nursing care model.RESULTS The results showed that the state of consciousness scores of the patients in both groups significantly increased(P<0.05)after surgical treatment.From the 14th day onwards,differences in the state of consciousness scores between the two groups of patients began to appear(P<0.05).After one month of care,the sleep quality,anxiety state,and depression state of patients were significantly better in the observation group than in the control group(P<0.05).Satisfaction with nursing care was higher in the observation group than in the control group(P<0.05).CONCLUSION The rehabilitation nursing model has a more complete system compared to conventional nursing,which can effectively improve the postoperative quality of life of patients with cerebral hemorrhage and improve the efficiency of mental state recovery;however,further analysis and research are needed to provide more scientific evidence.

关键词： Cerebral hemorrhage Nursing interventions Mental status Optimization Rehabilitation nursing model Quality of life

Effect of cutterhead configuration on tunnel face stability during shield machine maintenance outages

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Frontiers of Structural and Civil Engineering 2023年第4期17卷 522-532页

作者： Yinzun yang Dajun YUAN Dalong jin Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Urban Underground Engineering Beijing Jiaotong UniversityBeijing 100044China School of Civil Engineering Beijing Jiaotong UniversityBeijing 100044China

Owing to long-distance advancement or obstacles,shield tunneling machines are typically shut down for maintenance.Engineering safety during maintenance outages is determined by the stability of the tunnel face.Pressure maintenance openings are typically used under complicated hydrogeological conditions.The tunnel face is supported by a medium at the bottom of the excavation chamber and compressed air at the top.Owing to the high risk of face failure,the necessity of support pressure when cutterhead support is implemented and a method for determining the value of compressed air pressure using different support ratios must to be determined.In this study,a non-fully chamber supported rotational failure model considering cutterhead support is developed based on the upper-bound theorem of limit analysis.Numerical simulation is conducted to verify the accuracy of the proposed model.The results indicate that appropriately increasing the specific gravity of the supporting medium can reduce the risk of collapse.The required compressed air pressure increases significantly as the support ratio decreases.Disregarding the supporting effect of the cutterhead will result in a tunnel face with underestimated stability.To satisfy the requirement of chamber openings at atmospheric pressure,the stratum reinforcement strength and range at the shield end are provided based on different cutterhead aperture ratios.

关键词： tunnel face stability cutterhead configuration aperture ratio pressure gradient support ratio