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Characteristics of the HIV/AIDS Epidemic in Women Aged 15-49 Years from 2005 to 2012 in China

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Biomedical and Environmental Sciences 2015年第10期28卷 701-708页

作者： ZHANG Xia Yan HUANG Tao FENG Yi Bing LI Meng CHEN Fang Fang LI Yin Ge jin shan shan BU Kai WANG Lu National Center for AIDS/STD Control and Prevention Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention shandong Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention College of Public Health University of South Florida

Objective To describe the characteristics of the HIV/AIDS epidemic in women aged 15-49 years in China. Methods HIV/AIDS cases from 2005 to 2012 that fulfilled the inclusion and exclusion criteria were identified on the Chinese HIV/AIDS case reporting system. Descriptive and spatial analyses were performed. Results A total of 103,559 female HIV/AIDS cases were included in our study. Based on the descriptive analysis, between 2005 and 2012, the proportion of heterosexually acquired HIV infection among women （15-49 years） increased rapidly from 35.8% to 87.4%. Approximately 60% of these cases were infected through non-marital heterosexual contact. Among older women （40-49 years）, a slightly increasing trend was identified. The spatial analysis detected ＇hot spots＇ in the Xinjiang, Yunnan, Sichuan, Guangxi, and Chongqing provinces. The epidemic trends in these areas were predominately driven by heterosexual transmission. Conclusion Non-marital heterosexual contact is a very important factor in the HIV/AIDS epidemic in women aged 15-49 years, and the HIV infection rate in older women is increasing. Several epidemic hot spots were detected in northwestern and southwestern China. Efficient interventions are needed to control the spread of HIV/AIDS among women living in these areas.

关键词： AIDS Women Epidemiology China

Investigation on the explosive welding mechanism of corrosion-resisting alu-minum and stainless steel tubes through finite element simulation and experi-ments

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International Journal of Minerals,Metallurgy and Materials 2012年第2期19卷 151-158页

作者： Guo-fa Sui jin-shan Li Hong-wei Li Feng Sun Tie-bang Zhang Heng-zhi Fu State Key Laboratory of Solidification Processing Northwestern Polytechnical UniversityXi'an 710072China

To solve the difficulty in the explosive welding of corrosion-resistant aluminum and stainless steel tubes, three technologies were proposed after investigating the forming mechanism through experiments. Then, a 3D finite element model was established for systematic simulations in the parameter determination. The results show that the transition-layer approach, the coaxial initial assembly of tubes with the top-center-point the detonation, and the systematic study by numerical modeling are the key technologies to make the explosive welding of LF6 aluminum alloy and 1Cr18Ni9Ti stainless steel tubes feasible. Numerical simulation shows that radial contraction and slope collision through continuous local plastic deformation are necessary for the good bonding of tubes. Stand-off distances between tubes （D1 and D2） and explosives amount （R） have effect on the plastic deformation, moving velocity, and bonding of tubes. D1 of 1 mm, D2 of 2 mm, and R of 2/3 are suitable for the explosive welding of LF6-L2-1Cr18Ni9Ti three-layer tubes. The plastic strain and moving velocity of the flyer tubes in-crease with the increase of stand-off distance. More explosives （R2/3） result in the asymmetrical distribution of plastic strain and non-bonding at the end of detonation on the tubes.

关键词： explosive welding modeling aluminum alloys stainless steel finite element method

Solidification characteristics of high Nb-containing γ-TiAl-based alloys with different aluminum contents

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Rare Metals 2015年第6期34卷 381-386页

作者： Yi Liu Rui Hu Hong-Chao Kou Jun Wang Tie-Bang Zhang jin-shan Li Ji Zhang The State Key Laboratory of Solidification Processing School of Materials Science and Engineering Northwestern Polytechnical University Institute of High Temperature Materials China Iron and Steel Research Institute Group

The effect of A1 content on the microstructure and solidification characteristics of Ti-A1-Nb-V-Cr alloys in as-cast and isothermally treated states was investigated using X-ray diffraction （XRD）, scanning electron microscopy （SEM） equipped with energy dispersive spectroscope （EDS）, and transmission electron microscopy （TEM）. The typical solidification characteristics are due to the joint influence of both the crystal temperature range and the solidification path. The wide crystallization temperature range contributes to obtaining coarse dendrites in the as-cast Ti47A17Nb2.5V1.0Cr （at%） alloy solidifying through the peritectic reaction. The β-solidifying Ti46A17Nb2.5V1.0Cr （at%） alloy with the narrow crystallization temperature range is attributed to the formation of a homogeneous finegrained microstructure. However, the crystallization temperature range of Ti48A17Nb2.5V1.0Cr （at%） alloy is equivalent to that of Ti46A17Nb2.5V1.0Cr alloy, but it is solidified by peritectic reaction, leading to the formation of finer dendrites.

关键词： Titanium aluminide Crystal temperaturerange Peritectic reaction Dendrite morphology Al-equivalent

Evaluation of malignancy using Ki-67,p53,EGFR and COX-2 expressions in gastrointestinal stromal tumors

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2012年第20期18卷 2569-2575页

作者： jing Jiang Mei-shan jin Jian Suo Yin-Ping Wang Liang He Xue-Yuan Cao Division of Clinical Epidemiology Jilin UniversityFirst Hospital Changchun 130021 Jilin Province China Division of Pathology JilinUniversity First Hospital Changchun 130021 Jilin ProvinceChina Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery Jilin University First Hospital Changchun 130021 Jilin Province China

AIM:To investigate the role of expressions of Ki-67, p53,epidermal growth factor receptor(EGFR)and cyclooxygenase-2(COX-2)in gastrointestinal stromal tumor(GIST)grading and prognosis. METHODS:Tumor tissue was collected retrospectively from 96 patients with *** against Ki-67, p53,EGFR and COX-2 were used for immunohistochemical *** grading was designated according to a consensus system and the staining was quantified in 3 categories for each antibody in the statistical analysis. RESULTS:The Ki-67 expression in GISTs was significantly associated with the size of the tumors,mitotic rate and the risk of malignancy(x2=15.51,P=0.02; x2=22.27,P<0.001;x2=20.05;P<0.001).The p53 expression was also significantly correlated with mitotic rate and the risk of malignancy(x2=9.92,P= 0.04;x2=9.97;P=0.04).Over-expression of Ki-67 was strongly correlated with poor survival(x2=10.44, P=0.006),but no correlation was found between the expression of p53,EGFR or COX-2 and survival. Multivariate analysis further demonstrated that Ki-67 expression(relative risk=15.78,95%CI:4.25-59.37) could be used as an independent prognostic value for GIST *** imatinib therapy could improve clinical outcomes in the patients with high risk and intermediate risk of recurrence after complete tumor resections(median survival time:52 mo vs 37 mo, x2=7.618,P=0.006). CONCLUSION:Our results indicated that the expression of Ki-67 could be used as an independent prognostic factor for GIST patients.

关键词： Gastrointestinal stromal tumor Prognosis Ki-67 alteration p53 Epidermal growth factor receptor

Interface characteristic and mechanical performance of TiAl/Ti_(2)AlNb diffusion bonding joint with pure Ti interlayer

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Rare Metals 2020年第12期39卷 1402-1412页

作者： Lei Zhu Bin Tang Ming-Xuan Ding Yan Liu Xiao-Fei Chen Shao-Peng Yan jin-shan Li State Key Laboratory of Solidification Processing Northwestern Polytechnical UniversityXi'an 710072China Shaanxi Key Laboratory of High-Performance Precision Forming Technology and Equipment Northwestern Polytechnical UniversityXi'an 710072China

Solid-state diffusion bonding(DB)of TiAl alloy and Ti2 AlNb alloy was carried out using pure Ti as an interlayer at 1000℃under 20 MPa for 60-120 *** effects of bonding times on the interfacial microstructure and mechanical performance of the TiAl/Ti/Ti_(2)AlNb bonded joints at room temperature(RT)were investigated *** results demonstrated that the diffusion layers(DLs)mainly consisted of four characteristic layers,(Ⅰ)single coarseα_(2)phase adjacent TiAl alloy,(Ⅱ)single refinedα_(2)phase at the bonding interface,(Ⅲ)equiaxed/acicularα_(2)phase embedded inβphase adjacent Ti_(2)AtNb alloy and(IV)both equiaxedα_(2)phase and acicular O phase embedded inβphase adj acent Ti_(2)AlNb alloy,*** thickness of the four layers increased with the increasing of the bonding *** growth of DLs is controlled by diffusion and the reaction rate constant k for regionⅠ,Ⅱ,ⅢandⅣare 1.22×10^(-6),1.27×10^(-6),2.6×10^(-7)and 7.7×10^(-7)m·s^(-1/2),***,the interfaceα_(2)grain grows up without *** maximum tensile strength of 281 MPa was maintained at1000℃for 90 min under the pressure of 20 ***,the phase transformation and dynamic recrystallization behavior of the DLs were discussed.

关键词： Sputtering Bonding interface Microstructure Growth kinetics Mechanical performance

Thermal Scratch on Surface of SUS430 Stainless Steel Strip in Cold Rolling Process

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Journal of Iron and Steel Research International 2014年第3期21卷 282-286页

作者： Chang-sheng LI jin-shan CHEN Wen-long HAN You-yuan LI Bo FU State Key Laboratory of Rolling and Automation Northeastern University Baosteel Stainless Steel Co. Ltd.

The thermal scratch significantly influences the surface quality of the stainless steel in cold strip rolling. The thermal scratch has a close relation to the rolling parameters, the rolls surface and the emulsions used in rolling. In order to explain the thermal scratch on the strip surface, the cold roiling process of SUS430 stainless steel strip was investigated in the laboratory. The thermal scratch defect occurs frequently in the second rolling pass （maximum reduction in height is 32.3 ~）, especially on the lower surface of strips. When concentration and temperature of the emulsion are the same, the thermal scratch on the surface o{ the strip is aggravated with increasing the roll surface roughness. With the same roll surface roughness and emulsion concentration, the thermal scratch is obviously more severe at an emulsion temperature of 63 ℃ than 55 ℃. With the same roll surface roughness and emulsion tempera- ture, the thermal scratch is distinctly weaker at the emulsion concentration of 6 % than that of 3 %.

关键词： stainless steel thermal scratch emulsion roll surface roughness

Prevention of rockburst by guide holes based on numerical simulations

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Mining Science and Technology 2009年第3期19卷 346-351页

作者： ZHU Qi-hu LU Wen-bo SUN jin-shan LUO Yi CHEN Ming State Key Laboratory of Water Resources and Hydropower Engineering Science Wuhan University Wuhan Hubei 430072 China Faculty of Engineering China University of Geosciences Wuhan Hubei 430074 China

We studied variations in the stress field around guide holes drilled during tunnel excavation to understand the mechanical mechanism by which these holes help prevent *** study used elasto-plastic analysis of a circular chamber under non-axisymmetrical *** results showed that the unloading of in-situ stresses, and the forming of a secondary stress field, leads to a severe change in the stress field around the guide *** causes the formation of an X-shaped area of plastic deformation, which prevents the *** a sub-model finite element technique, we analyzed the factors that influence the distribution of the plastic area, such as the guide hole distribution and the in-situ stress *** calculations showed that higher initial stresses result in greater adjustment to the stress *** the stress concentration is greater the size of the plastic area surrounding the guide hole is larger.A multi-row distribution of the guide holes shaped like a quincunx can increase the interconnectivity of the plastic areas and allow the plastic area to extend from the tunnel wall deep into the surrounding *** optimized design was put forward based on the distribution of the plastic area around guide holes and the factors that influence it.

关键词： rockburst guide hole shear failure finite element method sub-model

Characterization of dwarf mutants and molecular mapping of a dwarf locus in soybean

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Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2016年第10期15卷 2228-2236页

作者： CHENG Wen GAO jin-shan FENG Xing-xing SHAO Qun YANG Su-xin FENG Xian-zhong Key Laboratory of Systems Biology in Universities of shandong/College of Life Science Shandong Normal University Key Laboratory of Soybean Molecular Design Breeding Northeast Institute of Geography and Agroecology Chinese Academy of Sciences

Plant height is one of the most important traits in soybean. The semi-dwarf soybean cultivars could improve the ability of lodging resistance to obtain higher yield. To broaden the dwarfism germplasm resources in soybean, 44 dwarf mutants were identified from a gamma rays mutagenized M-2 population. Two of these mutants, Gmdwf1（Glycine max dwarf 1） and Gmdwf2（Glycine max dwarf 2）, were investigated in this study. Genetic analysis showed that both mutants were inherited in a recessive manner and their mutated regions were delimited to a 2.610-Mb region on chromosome 1 by preliminary mapping. Further fine mapping study proved that the two mutants had a common deletion region of 1.552 Mb in the target region, which was located in a novel locus site without being reported previously. The dwarfism of Gmdwf1 could not be rescued by gibberellin（GA） and brassinolide（BR） treatments, which indicated that the biosynthesis of these hormones was not deficient in Gmdwf1.

关键词： soybean dwarf mutant mapping BR GA

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金牡丹不同茶类夏秋茶香气品质差异分析

食品科学 2025年第2期46卷 171-182页

作者：唐梦婷廖献盛吴先寿魏明秀郑玉成金珊张见明叶乃兴福建农林大学园艺学院农作物遗传育种与综合利用教育部重点实验室福建福州350002 武夷学院中国乌龙茶产业协同创新中心福建武夷山354300 福建谦谦一叶茶业科技有限公司福建寿宁355500 寿宁县茶产业发展中心福建寿宁355500

以‘金牡丹’品种夏、秋季嫩梢为原料,分别加工成绿茶、黄茶、白茶、乌龙茶及红茶,采用顶空固相微萃取-气相色谱-质谱联用技术对夏、秋季的5类茶中的挥发性代谢物进行测定和分析。结果表明,夏茶中鉴定出522种挥发性代谢物,以萜类、酯类... 详细信息

以‘金牡丹’品种夏、秋季嫩梢为原料,分别加工成绿茶、黄茶、白茶、乌龙茶及红茶,采用顶空固相微萃取-气相色谱-质谱联用技术对夏、秋季的5类茶中的挥发性代谢物进行测定和分析。结果表明,夏茶中鉴定出522种挥发性代谢物,以萜类、酯类及醇类为主;秋茶中鉴定出502种挥发性代谢物,以萜类、酯类和杂环化合物为主。香气活性值分析表明,β-紫罗兰酮、α-紫罗兰酮、癸醛、苯甲酸甲酯、香叶醇等是金牡丹绿茶的关键呈香物质;β-紫罗兰酮、2-乙氧基-3-甲基吡嗪、癸醛、苯甲酸甲酯、香叶醇等是金牡丹黄茶的关键呈香物质;香叶醇、苯乙醛、水杨酸甲酯、(E)-芳樟醇氧化物、2-乙氧基-3-甲基吡嗪等是金牡丹白茶的关键呈香物质;吲哚、苯甲酸甲酯、苯乙醛、香叶醇、(E)-芳樟醇氧化物等是金牡丹乌龙茶的关键呈香物质;香叶醇、芳樟醇、苯乙醛、苯甲酸甲酯、水杨酸甲酯等是金牡丹红茶的关键呈香物质。秋茶中呈香物质的贡献、种类与数量均多于夏茶,其中,香叶醇、水杨酸甲酯、苯乙醇等42种关键呈香物质在秋季样品中香气活性值均高于夏季。整体而言,金牡丹茶以花香类为主要香型,秋茶香气品质显著优于夏茶,香叶醇、芳樟醇、2-乙氧基-3-甲基吡嗪、苯甲酸甲酯等14种挥发性代谢物为金牡丹茶品种的关键香气物质。

关键词：金牡丹不同茶类夏秋茶香气品质香气活性值