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Detection of water in petroleum inclusions and its implications

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Science Bulletin 2006年第12期51卷 1501-1507页

作者： CAO Jian1, YAO Suping1, HU Wenxuan1, ZHANG Yijie2, WANG Xulong3. ZHANG Yueqian3.& TANG Yong3.1. State Key Laboratory for Mineral Deposit research, Department of Earth Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093. China 2. research institute of exploration and Development, petrochina, Bei- jing 100083. China 3. research institute of exploration and Development, Xinjiang oilfield company, petrochina, Karamay 83.000, China State Key Laboratory for Mineral Deposit research Department of Earth Sciences Nanjing University Nanjing China research institute of exploration and Development PetroChina Beijing China research institute of exploration and Development Xinjiang Oilfield Company PetroChina Karamay China

FTIR spectra of inclusions sampled from fault-zone reservoirs of the northwestern Junggar Basin show that water, with different abundances, does exist in petroleum inclusions. It is thus implied that petroleum inclusions can seldom form without water. Different inclusions hosted in one single grain, and formed in one oil charging phase, have a largely varied ratio of water to oil and slightly changed CH3.CH2 ratio. This likely provides evidence for fault-related episodic migration and accumulation of hydrocarbons.

关键词： water in petroleum inclusions forming mechanism of inclusions episodic migration and accumulation of hydrocarbons FTIR microspectroscopy Junggar Basin.

Timing and history of marine hydrocarbon accumulation in Tarim craton

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Chinese Science Bulletin 2002年第S1期47卷 120-127页

作者： ZHAO jingzhou~(1,2) & LI Qiming~3.1. Department of Petroleum Geology, Xi’an Petroleum institute, Xi’an 710065, China 2. research institute of Petroleum exploration and Development, petrochina, Beijing 100083. China 3. Tarim oilfield company, Kuerle, Xinjiang 841000, China Department of Petroleum Geology Xi’an Petroleum Institute Xi’an China research institute of Petroleum exploration and Development PetroChina Beijing China Tarim oilfield company Kuerle Xinjiang China

Based on the analyses of hydrocarbon inclu-sions, K-Ar dating of authigenic illites and oil/gas-watercontact retrospection as well as other methods, the marineprimary reservoirs in the cratonic region of the Tarim Basinare found to have been formed in the late Caledonian toearly Hercynian, late Hercynian, and Himalayan, and oil andgas adjusted and redistributed in the Yanshanian (Jurassic toCretaceous) and Himalayan (Tertiary). The analyses alsoshow that the remaining primary oil accumulations aremostly formed in the late Hercynian, and the secondary oilreservoirs resulted from the adjustment and redistribution ofthe earlier accumulations during the Yanshanian and Hima-layan (especially late Himalayan), of which the Himalayan isalso the major stage of gas accumulation. The primary oilreservoirs formed in the late Hercynian mostly occur withinthe Paleozoic formation, whereas the secondary reservoirsformed in the Himalayan in the Mesozoic. The late adjust-ment and redistribution of reservoirs in the craton region ofthe Tarim Basin is ubiquitous because of the intensified tec-tonic movements since the Mesozoic, especially Cenozoic andintrusion of the high- to over-mature gas. Furthermore, thelower amplitude of reservoirs in the craton region also makesthem easier to be adjusted and redistributed. Therefore, theremaining paleo-uplift and palaeo-slope developed in rela-tively stable tectonic regions are the main potential areas forthe middle-large marine reservoirs in the Tarim Basin.

关键词： Tarim Basin craton geochronology of hydrocarbon accumulation history of hydrocarbon accumulation marine reservoir primary reservoir secondary reservoir.

Mn content of reservoir calcite cement: A novel inorganic geotracer of secondary petroleum migration in the tectonically complex Junggar Basin (NW China)

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Science China Earth Sciences 2007年第12期50卷 1796-1809页

作者： CAO Jian1,HU WenXuan1,YAO SuPing1,ZHANG YiJie2,WANG XuLong3.ZHANG YueQian3.TANG Yong3.& SHI XinPu3.1 State Key Laboratory for Mineral Deposit research,Department of Earth Sciences,Nanjing University,Nanjing 210093.China 2 research institute of exploration and Development,petrochina,Beijing 100083.China 3.research institute of exploration and Development,petrochina Xinjiang oilfield {13.,Karamay 83.000,China State Key Laboratory for Mineral Deposit research Department of Earth Sciences Nanjing University Nanjing China research institute of exploration and Development PetroChina Beijing China research institute of exploration and Development PetroChina Xinjiang Oilfield Company Karamay China

Electronic probe microanalysis(EPMA) results of reservoir calcite cement from fourteen core samples in the Junggar Basin show that Mn-content varies largely between different samples from below the detect limitation to 4.14%,while it displays a generally good correlation with oil-gas ***,therefore,likely indicates that concentration of the Mn-content of the calcite cement has a close rela-tion to the intensity of petroleum fluid charging during hydrocarbon secondary *** order to assess this hypothesis,oxygen and strontium isotopic measurements on sixteen calcite veins host in source sequences were carried out to investigate the feature of the oil-source petroleum *** results imply that during hydrocarbon generation and migration,deep hot fluid has dissolved volcanic minerals interlined between mudstone source *** Mn is a kind of typical trace element enriched in volcanic rocks,it is reasonable to conclude that the petroleum fluid formed in the source sequences would be ***,calcite cements precipitated from such Mn-rich petroleum fluid would be Mn-rich *** to the geologic chromatographic effect during migration along reservoir rocks,the decreasing of the Mn-content of the reservoir calcite cements indicates the migration ***,this novel geotracer was further successfully applied in the study of hydrocarbon migration in the Junggar Basin in combination with organic geochemical analyses during the hydrocarbon *** Mn content of the reservoir calcite cement appears promising as a novel inorganic geotracer for the petroleum *** paper represents a search for novel indicators of secondary petroleum migration in tectonically complex basins based on fundamentals of the reservoir fluid-rock interactions.

关键词： Petroleum migration, inorganic geochemistry, water-rock interaction, reservoir calcite cement, the Junggar Basin

Geochemical characteristics and accumulation of marine oil and gas around Halahatang depression,Tarim Basin,China

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Science China Earth Sciences 2008年第S1期51卷 195-206页

作者： LU YuHong,XIAO ZhongYao,GU QiaoYuan&ZHANG QiuCha research institute of exploration and Development,Tarim {3. company,petrochina,Korla 841000,China research institute of exploration and Development Tarim Oilfield Company PetroChina Korla China

There exists a petroleum system rich of oil and gas around Halahatang depression,where the oil and gas possess obvious local distinctions of properties in different *** research proved that the discovered crude oil and natural gas in the region derived mainly from O2+3.source rock,and the differences of its properties were controlled by the oil and gas filling *** comprehensive study result shows the oil and gas reservoirs of the region mainly underwent three important accumulation phases:late Caledonian-Early Hercynian epoch,late Hercynian epoch,and Yanshan-Himalayan epoch. In the first phase,the oil and gas derived mostly from Cambrian source rock,which formed the primary ancient oil reservoirs,then suffered strong degradation and remained a great quantity of pyrobitumen in the high position of Tabei uplift in the *** the second phase,the O2+3.source rock of Manjia'er depression started its generation of hydrocarbon,which accumulated in the high position of Tabei uplift afterwards,and then biodegradated to heavy oil in the late Hercynian *** the last phase,the O2+3.source rock of southern Halahatang depression and margin of Manjia'er depression started its peak of generating liquid hydrocarbon,which mostly accumulated in the trap formed before the Indo-China and Yanshan epoch,and in somewhere the heavy oil suffered dilutions in various degrees or serious gas invading,to lead to obvious crude oil divergence.

关键词： marine facies Mid-Upper Ordovician source rock oil and gas source accumulation stage Halahatang depression Tarim Basin

Characteristics,genesis and accumulation history of natural gas in Hetianhe gasfield,Tarim Basin,China

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Science China Earth Sciences 2008年第S1期51卷 84-95页

作者： WANG ZhaoMing 1 ,WANG QingHua 1 ,ZHAO MengJun 2 ,LI Yong 1 &XU ZhiMing 3.1 Tarim oilfield company,petrochina,Kuerle 841000,China 2 {3. institute of Petroleum exploration&Development,petrochina,Beijing 100083.China 3.Southwest Petroleum institute,Nanchong 63.001,China Tarim oilfield company PetroChina Kuerle China research institute of Petroleum exploration & Development PetroChina Beijing China Southwest Petroleum institute Nanchong China

Hetianhe gasfield in Bachu region of the Tarim Basin is mainly composed of three reservoir-caprock assembly,namely regional caprock of upper mudstone,middle mudstone and lower mudstone of the Carboniferous and reservoir of Bachu bioclastic limestone,glutenite and the Ordovician carbonate buried *** gas in Hetianhe gasfield sourced from the Cambrian source *** is thought that gases in Ma4 well block in the east of Hetianhe gasfield are mainly crude-oil cracked gases,while those in Ma3.and Ma8 well blocks in the west are the mixture gases of kerogen cracked gases and crude-oil cracked *** gas is rich in H2S and accumulated in multiply stages as the result of *** accumulation history is divided into three stages,namely accumulation and breakage in the late Caledonian-early Hercynian,migration and dissipation in the late Hercynian and accumulation in Himalayan. The main accumulation of reformed gas reservoir is in Himalayan.

关键词： gas characteristics gas genesis accumulation history Hetianhe gasfield Tarim Basin

China Facing Five Major Challenges for Energy Development

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China Oil & Gas 2004年第2期000卷 20-21页

作者： Ma Cuijie, research institute for exploration & Development {3. oilfield company, petrochina research institute for exploration & Development {3. oilfield company PetroChina

China’s energy development will be confronted with five major challenges in the coming decades, experts said at the International Partnership for the Hydrogen Economy (IPHE) Steering Committee in Beijing in late May. The five major challenges include high oil import dependency which threatens the nation’s energy security, using coal as the main energy generator, which leads to severe pollution, gigantic

关键词： China Facing Five Major Challenges for Energy Development PEMFC

Geochemical characteristics and origin of gases from the Upper,Lower Paleozoic and the Mesozoic reservoirs in the Ordos Basin,China

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Science China Earth Sciences 2008年第S1期51卷 183-194页

作者： HU AnPing 1 ,Li Jian 2 ,ZHANG WenZheng 3.,LI ZhiSheng 2 ,HOU Lu 4 &LIU QuanYou 5 1 Department of Earth Sciences,Zhejiang University,Hangzhou 3.0027,China 2 Langfang Branch,Reasearch institute of Petroleum exploration and Development,petrochina,Langfang 065007,China 3.institute of exploration and Development,petrochina Changqing oilfield company,Xi’an 710021,China 4 University of Petroleum,Beijing102249,China 5 petrochina research institute of Petroleum exploration and Development,Beijing 100083.China Department of Earth Sciences Zhejiang University Hangzhou China Langfang Branch Reasearch Institute of Petroleum Exploration and Development PetroChina Langfang China institute of exploration and Development PetroChina Changqing Oilfield Company Xi’an China University of Petroleum Beijing China petrochina research institute of Petroleum {3. and Development Beijing China

The Ordos Basin,the second largest sedimentary basin in China,contains the broad distribution of natural gas *** far,several giant gas fields have been discovered in the Upper and Lower Paleozoic in this basin,each having over 1000×10 8 m 3.of proven gas reserves,and several gas pools have also been discovered in the *** paper collected the data of natural gases and elucidated the geochemical characteristics of gases from different reservoirs,and then discussed their *** hydrocarbons preserved in the Upper Paleozoic,the elevatedδ13. values of methane,ethane and propane indicate that the gases would be mainly coal-formed gases;the singular reversal in the stable carbon isotopes of gaseous alkanes suggests the mixed gases from humic sources with different *** the Lower Paleozoic,theδ13. 1 values are mostly similar with those in the Upper Paleozoic,but theδ13. 2 andδ13. 3.values are slightly lighter,suggesting that the gases would be mixing of coal-type gases as a main member and oil-type *** are multiple reversals in carbon isotopes for gaseous alkanes,especially abnormal reversal for methane and ethane(i.e.δ13. 1 >δ13. 2 ),inferring that gases would be mixed between high-mature coal-formed gases and oil-type *** the Mesozoic,the δ13.values for gaseous alkanes are enriched in 12C,indicating that the gases are mainly derived from sapropelic sources;the carbon isotopic reversal for propane and butane in the Mesozoic is caused by microbial oxidation and mixing of gases from sapropelic sources with different *** contrast to the Upper Paleozoic gases,the Mesozoic gases are characterized by heavier carbon isotopes of iso-butane than normal butane,which may be caused by gases generated from different kerogen types. Finally,according toδ13. 1 -Ro relationship and extremely low total organic carbon contents,the Low Paleozoic gases would not be generated from the Ordovician source as a main gas source,bycontrast, the Upper Pale

关键词： Ordos Basin natural gas chemical composition carbon isotope genesis

Transition from platemargin to intraplate environment: Geochemistry of basalts in Paleogene Liaohe basin, northeastern China

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Science China Earth Sciences 2005年第12期48卷 2069-2080页

作者： WU Changzhi1, GU Lianxing1, REN Zuowei1,2, ZHANG Zunzhong1, CHEN Zhenyan2 & ZHAO Ming1 1. State Key Laboratory of Mineral Deposit research (Nanjing University), Department of Earth Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093. China 2. exploration and Development research institute of Liaohe oilfield Branch company, petrochina, Panjin 124010, China State Key Laboratory of Mineral Deposit research (Nanjing University) Department of Earth Sciences Nanjing University Nanjing China exploration and Development research institute of Liaohe {3. Branch company PetroChina Panjin China

Paleogene basalts from the Liaohe basin, northeastern China, are dominated by alkaline olivine basalts and olivine basalts. These basalts are generally enriched in high field strength elements (HFSE), depleted in large ion lithophile elements (LILE) and comparable to those of typical ocean island basalts (OIB). Positive anomalies of Ba, Sr and Zr with high Nb/U, U/Pb, Ce/Pb and Zr/Hf ratios imply that materials from an oceanic crust had been added to the mantle sources of the basalts. In addition, the basalts are generally depleted in Sr, Nd and Pb isotopes, indicating that an enriched mantle (EMI) and a depleted mantle (DM) sources were added to the OIB-like resource. Comprehensive research on lithosphere evolution and tectonic setting of the Liaohe basin and surrounding areas suggests that these basalts were derived by variable degrees of partial melt-ing from an upwelling asthenosphere mantle. Materials from an oceanic lithosphere were added to the source in company with Paleogene tectonic transition from platemargin to intraplate envi-ronment. Retreating and steepening of the subducting Pacific oceanic plate could be the main cause for the tectonic environment transition.

关键词： geochemistry, basalt, Paleogene, Liaohe basin, North China Block, eastern China.

The components and carbon isotope of the gases in inclusions in reservoir layers of Upper Paleozoic gas pools in the Ordos Basin,China

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Science China Earth Sciences 2008年第S1期51卷 115-121页

作者： MI jingKui 1 ,DAI jinXing 1 ,ZHANG ShuiChang 1 ,ZHANG WenZheng 2 ,GONG Se 1 &LI XianQing 3.1 research {3. of Petroleum exploration and Development,petrochina,Beijing 100083.China 2 exploration and Development research {3. of petrochina Changqing oilfield company,Xi’an 710021,China 3.Key Laboratory of Coal Resources,Ministry of Education,China University of Miningand Technology,Beijing 100083.China research institute of Petroleum exploration and Development PetroChina Beijing China exploration and Development research institute of{3. Changqing oilfield company Xi’an China Key Laboratory of Coal Resources Ministry of Education China University of Miningand Technology Beijing China

The components and carbon isotope of gases in inclusions are one of the most important geochemical indexes for gas *** analysis results of the components and carbon isotope of gases from inclusions in reservoir layers of Upper Palaeozoic gas pools in the Ordos Basin show that most inclusions grown in reservoir sandstone are primary *** is only a little difference about the components and carbon isotope between the well gases and the secondary inclusions *** indicated that the epigenetic change of gas pools is *** difference between the well gases and the secondary inclusions gases is caused by two reasons:(i)The well gases come from several disconnected sand bodies buried in a segment of depth,while the inclusion gases come from a point of depth.(ii)The secondary inclusions trapped the gases generated in the former stage of source rock gas generation,and the well gases are the mixed gases generated in all the *** is irresponsible to reconstruct the palaeo-temperature and palaeo-pressure under which the gas pool formed using carbon dioxide inclusions.

关键词： Ordos Basin Upper Paleozoic inclusion gas components carbon isotope