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Paleoenvironmental reconstruction and organic matter accumulation of the paleogene shahejie oil shale in the Zhanhua Sag, Bohai Bay Basin, Eastern China

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Petroleum Science 2024年第3期21卷 1552-1568页

作者： Xiao-Lin Wang Xiao-Min Zhu jin lai Xing-Yue Lin Xiang Wang Yu-Shan Du Chao Huang Yu-Rui Zhu State Key Laboratory of Petroleum Resources and Engineering China University of Petroleum (Beijing) College of Geosciences China University of Petroleum (Beijing) Shengli Oilfield SINOPEC

The controlling factors of organic-rich shale accumulation is essential for the exploration and development of shale oil and gas resources. The sedimentary environment plays a vital role in the formation of organic-rich sediments in lacustrine facies. This article unravels the mineralogy, geochemistry, and paleoenvironmental evolution during the deposition of the Paleogene Shahejie Formation(Es3L). It discusses the effects of paleoclimate, paleosalinity, paleoredox conditions, paleowater depth, and paleoproductivity on organic matter(OM) enrichment. Finally, the OM enrichment model was established. The results show that the mineralogical compositions are mainly composed of calcite(avg. 40.13%), quartz(avg. 21.64%) and clay minerals(avg. 24.07%), accompanied by dolomite(avg. 7.07%), feldspar(avg. 6.36%)and pyrite(avg. 2.95%). The Es3Lshale has a high abundance of OM, with total organic carbon(TOC)ranging from 1.07% to 5.12%. The organic matter type is mainly composed of type I-II1kerogen, which is generally considered a good-quality source rock. The source of OM is a mixture of lower bacteria, algae,and plants. During the early sedimentary period, the paleoclimate was dry and cold, with high salinity,intense reducibility, and relatively low productivity. During the late sedimentary period, the climate became warmer and more humid. As a result, the salinity decreased to a level that was suitable for biological reproduction, and productivity increased gradually due to the input of terrigenous plants.Paleosalinity and paleoclimate determined the environment of the sedimentary period, in addition,paleoproductivity and paleoredox condition indicated the formation and preservation conditions of OM.The warm and humid climate, brackish water, suitable reduction conditions and high productivity are the favorable conditions for the generation and preservation of organic matter. The research results may have implications for the genetic mechanisms of organic matter accumulation. They will provide theoretical and technical in

关键词： Elemental geochemical Paleoenvironment Organic matter accumulation Paleogene shahejie formation Zhanhua Sag Bohai Bay Basin

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Model architecture level privacy leakage in neural networks

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Science China(Information Sciences) 2024年第3期67卷 20-32页

作者： Yan LI Hongyang YAN Teng HUANG Zijie PAN Jiewei lai Xiaoxue ZHANG Kongyang CHEN jin LI Institute of Artificial Intelligent and Blockchain Guangzhou University Pazhou Lab

Privacy leakage is one of the most critical issues in machine learning and has attracted growing interest for tasks such as demonstrating potential threats in model attacks and creating model defenses.In recent years, numerous studies have revealed various privacy leakage risks(e.g., data reconstruction attack, membership inference attack, backdoor attack, and adversarial attack) and several targeted defense approaches(e.g., data denoising, differential privacy, and data encryption). However, existing solutions generally focus on model parameter levels to disclose(or repair) privacy threats during the model training and/or model interference process, which are rarely applied at the model architecture level. Thus, in this paper, we aim to exploit the potential privacy leakage at the model architecture level through a pioneer study on neural architecture search(NAS) paradigms which serves as a powerful tool to automate a neural network design.By investigating the NAS procedure, we discover two attack threats in the model architecture level called the architectural dataset reconstruction attack and the architectural membership inference attack. Our theoretical analysis and experimental evaluation reveal that an attacker may leverage the output architecture of an ongoing NAS paradigm to reconstruct its original training set, or accurately infer the memberships of its training set simply from the model architecture. In this work, we also propose several defense approaches related to these model architecture attacks. We hope our work can highlight the need for greater attention to privacy protection in model architecture levels(e.g., NAS paradigms).

关键词： neural architecture search data reconstruction attack membership inference attack

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A deep convolutional neural network for diabetic retinopathy detection via mining local and long-range dependence

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CAAI Transactions on Intelligence Technology 2024年第1期9卷 153-166页

作者： Xiaoling Luo Wei Wang Yong Xu Zhihui lai Xiaopeng jin Bob Zhang David Zhang Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Visual Object Detection and Recognition Harbin Institute of TechnologyShenzhenChina Peng Cheng Laboratory ShenzhenChina Shenzhen Institute of Artificial Intelligence and Robotics for Society ShenzhenChina College of Big Data and Internet Shenzhen Technology UniversityShenzhenChina The Department of Computer and Information Science University of MacaoMacaoMacaoChina The Chinese University of Hong Kong(Shenzhen) ShenzhenChina

Diabetic retinopathy(DR),the main cause of irreversible blindness,is one of the most common complications of diabetes.At present,deep convolutional neural networks have achieved promising performance in automatic DR detection tasks.The convolution operation of methods is a local cross-correlation operation,whose receptive field de-termines the size of the local neighbourhood for processing.However,for retinal fundus photographs,there is not only the local information but also long-distance dependence between the lesion features(e.***.hemorrhages and exudates)scattered throughout the whole image.The proposed method incorporates correlations between long-range patches into the deep learning framework to improve DR detection.Patch-wise re-lationships are used to enhance the local patch features since lesions of DR usually appear as plaques.The Long-Range unit in the proposed network with a residual structure can be flexibly embedded into other trained networks.Extensive experimental results demon-strate that the proposed approach can achieve higher accuracy than existing state-of-the-art models on Messidor and EyePACS datasets.

关键词： image classification medical image processing pattern recognition

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Superior Latent Heat Eutectic Salt Na_(2)CO_(3)-Li_(2)CO_(3)-LiF for Thermal Energy Storage:Preparation and Performance Investigation

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Journal of Thermal Science 2024年第2期33卷 501-508页

作者： LI Weiwei MIAO Qi ZHANG Yelong DING Hongliang YANG Sa lai Yuan FENG Daili DING Yulong jin Yi TAN Linghua School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Nanjing University of Science&TechnologyNanjing210094China National Special Superfine Powder Engineering Research Center Nanjing University of Science and TechnologyNanjing210094China Nanjing jinhe Energy Material Co. LtdNanjing210047China School of Chemical Engineering University of BirminghamBirminghamB152TTUK School of Energy&Environmental Engineering University of Science and Technology BeijingBeijing100083China

In this paper,a novel ternary eutectic salt Na_(2)CO_(3)-Li_(2)CO_(3)-LiF was designed and investigated for concentrated solar power(CSP).The FactSage software was used to predict the composition and eutectic point of Na_(2)CO_(3)-Li_(2)CO_(3)-LiF.The microstructure,thermophysical properties,and thermal stability of eutectic salts were experimentally measured using various analytical methods.With a mass ratio of 57%:32%:11%,the eutectic salt exhibited excellent thermal storage properties with a fusion enthalpy of 413 J/g and a melting point of 426.8℃.The excellent thermal stability of the eutectic salt was reflected by a weight loss of only 0.8% at 600℃.

关键词： phase change materials ternary eutectic salt latent heat thermal stability

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In vivo imaging reveals a synchronized correlation among neurotransmitter dynamics during propofol and sevoflurane anesthesia

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Zoological Research 2024年第3期45卷 679-690页

作者： Gao-Lin Qiu Li-Jun Peng Peng Wang Zhi-lai Yang Ji-Qian Zhang Hu Liu Xiao-Na Zhu jin Rao Xue-Sheng Liu Department of Anesthesiology First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical UniversityHefeiAnhui 230022China School of Life Science and Technology ShanghaiTech UniversityShanghai 201210China

General anesthesia is widely applied in clinical practice.However,the precise mechanism of loss of consciousness induced by general anesthetics remains unknown.Here,we measured the dynamics of five neurotransmitters,includingγ-aminobutyric acid,glutamate,norepinephrine,acetylcholine,and dopamine,in the medial prefrontal cortex and primary visual cortex of C57BL/6 mice through in vivo fiber photometry and genetically encoded neurotransmitter sensors under anesthesia to reveal the mechanism of general anesthesia from a neurotransmitter perspective.Results revealed that the concentrations of γ-aminobutyric acid,glutamate,norepinephrine,and acetylcholine increased in the cortex during propofol-induced loss of consciousness.Dopamine levels did not change following the hypnotic dose of propofol but increased significantly following surgical doses of propofol anesthesia.Notably,the concentrations of the five neurotransmitters generally decreased during sevoflurane-induced loss of consciousness.Furthermore,the neurotransmitter dynamic networks were not synchronized in the non-anesthesia groups but were highly synchronized in the anesthetic groups.These findings suggest that neurotransmitter dynamic network synchronization may cause anesthetic-induced loss of consciousness.

关键词： General anesthesia Loss of consciousness In vivo neurotransmitter imaging Medial prefrontal cortex Primary visual cortex

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Deep-large faults controlling on the distribution of the venting gas hydrate system in the middle of the Qiongdongnan Basin, South China Sea

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China Geology 2024年第1期7卷 36-50页

作者： jin-feng Ren Hai-jun Qiu Zeng-gui Kuang Ting-wei Li Yu-lin He Meng-jie Xu Xiao-xue Wang Hong-fei lai jin Liang National Engineering Research Center of Gas Hydrate Exploration and Development Guangzhou 511458China Guangzhou Marine Geological Survey China Geological SurveyGuangzhou 511458China China Geological Survey Ministtry of Natural ResourcesBeijing 100037China

Many locations with concentrated hydrates at vents have confirmed the presence of abundant thermogenic gas in the middle of the Qiongdongnan Basin(QDNB).However,the impact of deep structures on gasbearing fluids migration and gas hydrates distribution in tectonically inactive regions is still unclear.In this study,the authors apply high-resolution 3D seismic and logging while drilling(LWD)data from the middle of the QDNB to investigate the influence of deep-large faults on gas chimneys and preferred gasescape pipes.The findings reveal the following:(1)Two significant deep-large faults,F1 and F2,developed on the edge of the Songnan Low Uplift,control the dominant migration of thermogenic hydrocarbons and determine the initial locations of gas chimneys.(2)The formation of gas chimneys is likely related to fault activation and reactivation.Gas chimney 1 is primarily arises from convergent fluid migration resulting from the intersection of the two faults,while the gas chimney 2 benefits from a steeper fault plane and shorter migration distance of fault F2.(3)Most gas-escape pipes are situated near the apex of the two faults.Their reactivations facilitate free gas flow into the GHSZ and contribute to the formation of fracture‐filling hydrates.

关键词： Venting gas hydrates Deep-large faults Gas chimney Gas-escape pipes High-resolution 3D seismic Logging while drilling Qiongdongnan Basin South China Sea

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Lithium-Ion Charged Polymer Channels Flattening Lithium Metal Anode

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Nano-Micro Letters 2024年第4期16卷 379-393页

作者： Haofan Duan Yu You Gang Wang Xiangze Ou jin Wen Qiao Huang Pengbo Lyu Yaru Liang Qingyu Li Jianyu Huang Yun‑Xiao Wang Hua‑Kun Liu Shi Xue Dou Wei‑Hong lai Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Thin Film Materials and Devices School of Material Sciences and EngineeringXiangtan UniversityXiangtan 411105People’s Republic of China Guangxi Key Laboratory of Low Carbon Energy Materials School of Chemical and Pharmaceutical ScienceGuangxi Normal UniversityGuilin 541004People’s Republic of China Institute for Superconducting and Electronic Materials Australian Institute of Innovative MaterialsUniversity of WollongongInnovation CampusSquires WayNorth WollongongNSW 2500Australia Institute of Energy Materials Science University of Shanghai for Science and TechnologyShanghai 200093People’s Republic of China

The concentration difference in the near-surface region of lithium metal is the main cause of lithium dendrite growth.Resolving this issue will be key to achieving high-performance lithium metal batteries(LMBs).Herein,we construct a lithium nitrate(LiNO_(3))-implanted electroactiveβphase polyvinylidene fluoride-co-hexafluoropropylene(PVDF-HFP)crystalline polymorph layer(PHL).The electronegatively charged polymer chains attain lithium ions on the surface to form lithium-ion charged channels.These channels act as reservoirs to sustainably release Li ions to recompense the ionic flux of electrolytes,decreasing the growth of lithium dendrites.The stretched molecular channels can also accelerate the transport of Li ions.The combined effects enable a high Coulombic efficiency of 97.0%for 250 cycles in lithium(Li)||copper(Cu)cell and a stable symmetric plating/stripping behavior over 2000 h at 3 mA cm^(-2)with ultrahigh Li utilization of 50%.Furthermore,the full cell coupled with PHL-Cu@Li anode and Li Fe PO_(4) cathode exhibits long-term cycle stability with high-capacity retention of 95.9%after 900 cycles.Impressively,the full cell paired with LiNi_(0.87)Co_(0.1)Mn_(0.03)O_(2)maintains a discharge capacity of 170.0 mAh g^(-1)with a capacity retention of 84.3%after 100 cycles even under harsh condition of ultralow N/P ratio of 0.83.This facile strategy will widen the potential application of LiNO_(3)in ester-based electrolyte for practical high-voltage LMBs.

关键词： Polymer ionic channel Li metal batteries Artificial protective layer Uniform Li deposition Electrochemical performances

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NLRP3 activation in macrophages promotes acute intestinal injury in neonatal necrotizing enterocolitis

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World Journal of Pediatrics 2024年第2期20卷 153-164页

作者： Bo Shi Cheng-Jie Lyu Zhen-Kai Le Hao-Sen Ji Yi Xiao Yuan-Yuan Zhang Shou-Jiang Huang Lin-Jun Yu Qiang Shu jin-Fa Tou Deng-Ming lai Department of Neonatal Surgery Children’s HospitalZhejiang University School of MedicineNational Clinical Research Center for Child HealthHangzhou 310052China Department of Pulmonology Children’s HospitalZhejiang University School of MedicineNational Clinical Research Center for Child HealthHangzhou 310052China Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery Children’s HospitalZhejiang University School of MedicineNational Clinical Research Center for Child HealthHangzhou 310052China

Background Macrophages are involved in various immune inflammatory disease conditions.This study aimed to investigate the role and mechanism of macrophages in regulating acute intestinal injury in neonatal necrotizing enterocolitis(NEC).Methods CD68,nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain,leucine-rich repeat,and pyrin domain-containing 3(NLRP3),cysteine aspartate-specific protease-1(caspase-1),and interleukin-1β(IL-1β)in paraffin sections of intestinal tissues from NEC and control patients were detected with immunohistochemistry,immunofluorescence,and western blot.Hypertonic pet milk,hypoxia and cold stimulation were used to establish a mouse(wild type and Nlrp3^(-/-))model of NEC.The mouse macrophage(RAW 264.7)and rat intestinal epithelial cell-6 lines were also cultured followed by various treatments.Macrophages,intestinal epithelial cell injuries,and IL-1β release were determined.Results Compared to the gut“healthy”patients,the intestinal lamina propria of NEC patients had high macrophage infiltration and high NLRP3,caspase-1,and IL-1β levels.Furthermore,in vivo,the survival rate of Nlrp3^(-/-)NEC mice was dramatically improved,the proportion of intestinal macrophages was reduced,and intestinal injury was decreased compared to those of wild-type NEC mice.NLRP3,caspase-1,and IL-1β derived from macrophages or supernatant from cocultures of macrophages and intestinal epithelial cells also caused intestinal epithelial cell injuries.Conclusions Macrophage activation may be essential for NEC development.NLRP3/caspase-1/IL-1β cellular signals derived from macrophages may be the underlying mechanism of NEC development,and all these may be therapeutic targets for developing treatments for NEC.

关键词： Caspase-1 Interleukin-1β Macrophage Necrotizing enterocolitis NLRP3

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Embryo Transfer Strategies for Women with Recurrent Implantation Failure During the Frozen-thawed Embryo Transfer Cycles:Sequential Embryo Transfer or Double-blastocyst Transfer?

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Current Medical Science 2024年第1期44卷 212-222页

作者： Qiao-hang ZHAO Yu-wei SONG Jian CHEN Xiang ZHOU Ji-lai XIE Qiu-ping YAO Qi-yin DONG Chun FENG Li-ming ZHOU Wei-ping FU Min jin The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine Hangzhou 310052China Jiaxing Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital Jiaxing 314051China Huzhou Maternity and Child Care Hospital Huzhou 313002China Ningbo Women and Children's Hospital Ningbo 315000China

Objective Both sequential embryo transfer(SeET)and double-blastocyst transfer(DBT)can serve as embryo transfer strategies for women with recurrent implantation failure(RIF).This study aims to compare the effects of SeET and DBT on pregnancy outcomes.Methods Totally,261 frozen-thawed embryo transfer cycles of 243 RIF women were included in this multicenter retrospective analysis.According to different embryo quality and transfer strategies,they were divided into four groups:group A,good-quality SeET(GQ-SeET,n=38 cycles);group B,poor-quality or mixed-quality SeET(PQ/MQ-SeET,n=31 cycles);group C,good-quality DBT(GQ-DBT,n=121 cycles);and group D,poor-quality or mixed-quality DBT(PQ/MQ-DBT,n=71 cycles).The main outcome,clinical pregnancy rate,was compared,and the generalized estimating equation(GEE)model was used to correct potential confounders that might impact pregnancy outcomes.Results GQ-DBT achieved a significantly higher clinical pregnancy rate(aOR 2.588,95%CI 1.267–5.284,P=0.009)and live birth rate(aOR 3.082,95%CI 1.482–6.412,P=0.003)than PQ/MQ-DBT.Similarly,the clinical pregnancy rate was significantly higher in GQ-SeET than in PQ/MQ-SeET(aOR 4.047,95%CI 1.218–13.450,P=0.023).The pregnancy outcomes of GQ-SeET were not significantly different from those of GQ-DBT,and the same results were found between PQ/MQ-SeET and PQ/MQ-DBT.Conclusion SeET relative to DBT did not seem to improve pregnancy outcomes for RIF patients if the embryo quality was comparable between the two groups.Better clinical pregnancy outcomes could be obtained by transferring good-quality embryos,no matter whether in SeET or DBT.Embryo quality plays a more important role in pregnancy outcomes for RIF patients.

关键词： recurrent implantation failure sequential embryo transfer frozen-thawed embryo transfer embryo transfer strategies

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Role of bedding planes played in enhancing dissolution in sandstones

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Frontiers of Earth Science 2022年第3期16卷 587-600页

作者： jin lai Xiaojiao PANG Meng BAO Bing WANG Jianan YIN Guiwen WANG Xuechun FAN State Key Laboratory of Petroleum Resources and Prospecting China University of Petroleum(Beijing)Beijing 102249China College of Geosciences China University of Petroleum(Beijing)Beijing 102249China

Diagenesis exerts an important control on porosity evolution,and research of diagenesis and diagenetic minerals provides insights into reservoir quality evaluation and CO_(2) storage.Thin section,XRD(X-ray diffraction),CT(Computed Tomography),scanning electron microscopy(SEM),and NMR(Nuclear Magnetic Resonance)tests were used to investigate composition,texture,pore spaces,and diagenesis of sandstones in Paleogene Dongying Formation in Bohai Bay Basin,China,with special aims to unravel diagentic dissolution along bedding planes.The oversized pores,remnants in feldspar-hosted pores,and kaolinite within feldspar grains indicate a high degree of dissolution the framework grains experienced during burial.The CO_(2)-rich or organic acids are responsible for the feldspar dissolution.Grain size plays the primary role in enhancing bedding dissolution process,and bedding planes in fine-medium grained sandstones with high content of feldspars are frequently enlarged by dissolution.The CT scanning image confirms dissolution pores are distributed discontinuously along the bedding planes.The dissolution pores along bedding planes have large pore size,and correspond to the right peak of the bi-modal T_(2)(transverse relaxation time)spectrum.The laminated sandstones and siltstones,or sandstones with cross beddings help improve framework grain dissolution.These new findings help improve the understanding of diagenetic models,and have implications in reservoir quality prediction and resource assessments in sandstones.

关键词： dissolution sandstones diagenesis bedding plane Dongying Formation

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