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Changes in the etiology of liver cirrhosis and the corresponding management strategies

World Journal of Hepatology 2024年第2期16卷 146-151页

作者： jin-jin dai Yue-Ying Liu Zhen-Hua Zhang Department of Infectious Diseases Suzhou Hospital of Anhui Medical UniversitySuzhou 234000Anhui ProvinceChina Department of Infectious Diseases The Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical UniversityHefei 230601Anhui ProvinceChina

We read with interest the article by Xing Wang,which was published in the recent issue of the World Journal of Hepatology 2023;15:1294-1306.This article focuses particularly on the prevalence and trends in the etiology of liver cirrhosis(LC),prognosis for patients suffering from cirrhosis-related complications and hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC),and management strategies.The etiology of cirrhosis varies according to geographical,economic,and population factors.Viral hepatitis is the dominant cause in China.Vaccination and effective treatment have reduced the number of people with viral hepatitis,but the overall number is still large.Patients with viral hepatitis who progress over time to LC and HCC remain an important population to manage.The increased incidence of metabolic syndrome and alcohol consumption is likely to lead to a potential exponential increase in metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease(MASLD)-associated LC and alcoholic liver disease in the future.Investigating the evolution of the etiology of LC is important for guiding the direction of future research and policy development.These changing trends indicate a need for greater emphasis on tackling obesity and diabetes,and implementing more effective measures to regulate alcohol consumption in order to reduce the occurrence of MASLD.In an effort to help cope with these changing trends,the authors further proposed countermeasures for healthcare authorities doctors,and patients.

关键词： Liver cirrhosis Etiology Viral hepatitis Alcoholic liver disease Hepatocellular carcinoma Metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease

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C634Y mutation in RET-induced multiple endocrine neoplasia type 2A:A case report

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World Journal of Clinical Cases 2024年第15期12卷 2627-2635页

作者： Hui-Fen Zhang Shu-Ling Huang Wen-Li Wang Yu-Qing Zhou Jun Jiang Zhuo-jin dai Department of Endocrinology Dongguan Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese MedicineDongguan 523003Guangdong ProvinceChina Department of Science and Technology Services Beijing Macro and Micro Test Co.Ltd.Beijing 100318China The First Clinical Medical College Guangdong Medical UniversityZhanjiang 524023Guangdong ProvinceChina

BACKGROUND Multiple endocrine neoplasia type 2(MEN2)is a rare,autosomal dominant endocrine disease.Currently,the RET proto-oncogene is the only gene implicated in MEN2A pathogenesis.Once an RET carrier is detected,family members should be screened to enable early detection of medullary thyroid carcinoma,pheochromocytoma,and hyperparatitity.Among these,medullary thyroid carcinoma is the main factor responsible for patient mortality.Accordingly,delineating strategies to inform clinical follow-up and treatment plans based on genes is paramount for clinical practitioners.CASE SUMMARY Herein,we present RET proto-oncogene mutations,clinical characteristics,and treatment strategies in a family with MEN2A.A family study was conducted on patients diagnosed with MEN2A.DNA was extracted from the peripheral blood of family members,and first-generation exon sequencing of the RET protooncogene was conducted.The C634Y mutation was identified in three family members spanning three generations.Two patients were sequentially diagnosed with pheochromocytomas and bilateral medullary thyroid carcinomas.A 9-yearold child harboring the gene mutation was diagnosed with medullary thyroid carcinoma.Surgical resection of the tumors was performed.All family members were advised to undergo complete genetic testing related to the C634Y mutation,and the corresponding treatments administered based on test results and associated clinical guidelines.CONCLUSION Advancements in MEN2A research are important for familial management,assessment of medullary thyroid cancer invasive risk,and deciding surgical timing.

关键词： Multiple endocrine neoplasia type 2A Mutation RET proto-oncogene Medullary thyroid carcinoma Pheochromocytoma Case report

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The Role of Renewable Protocatechol Acid in Epoxy Coating Modification: Significantly Improved Antibacterial and Adhesive Properties

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Chinese Journal of Polymer Science 2024年第1期42卷 63-72,I0008页

作者： Ming-Xuan Chen jin-Yue dai Li-Yue Zhang Shuai-Peng Wang jing-Kai Liu Yong-Gang Wu Xin-Wu Ba Xiao-Qing Liu School of Chemistry and Materials Science Hebei UniversityBaoding 071000China Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering Chinese Academy of SciencesNingbo 315201China Key Laboratory of Marine Materials and Related Technologies Chinese Academy of SciencesNingbo 315201China

It is of great significance to design epoxy coatings with superior antibacterial properties and high adhesive properties, as well as excellent processing, superior durability, and high transparency. However, it is still a challenge because of the common complex design and synthesis. Herein, the bio-based monomer protocatechuic acid(PCA) was used as raw material, the catechol structure with high bonding and antibacterial properties was introduced into the flexible alkane segment of ethylene glycol diglycidyl ether(EGDE) through an efficient, and green method, and it was cured with isophorone diamine(IPDA) to prepare corresponding thermosets. The cured resins exhibited excellent allaround qualities, particularly in bonding and antibacterial. When 30% PCA was added to pure epoxy resin, the adhesion between substrate and coating increased from 4.40 MPa to 13.60 MPa and the antibacterial rate of coating against E. coli and S. aureus could approach 100%. All of this is due to the fact that the catechol structure present in PCA has the ability to interact with various substrates and alter the permeability of bacterial cell membranes. The architecture of this method offers a fresh approach to dealing with the issues of challenging raw material selection and complex synthesis techniques.

关键词： Epoxy coatings Thermosets Catechol structure Antibacterial High adhesion

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Pt/TiO_(2–x) nanofibrous aerogel for effective nitrogen reduction: A simple strategy for simultaneous Pt formation and TiO_(2–x) vacancy engineering

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Chinese Chemical Letters 2022年第2期33卷 1001-1005页

作者： Meng Zhang jin dai Shengmei Huang Dan Fang Yitao Liu Jianyong Yu Bin Ding Andreas Greiner Innovation Center for Textile Science and Technology College of TextilesDonghua UniversityShanghai 201620China Macromolecular Chemistry and Bavarian Polymer Institute University of BayreuthBayreuth 95440Germany

Electrocatalysis plays an increasingly important role in converting atmospheric molecules(e.g.,N_(2),CO_(2) and H_(2)O)to value-added products(e.g.,NH_(3),C_(2)H_(4)and H_(2)).However,developing a simple strategy for preparing catalysts with high performance for the effective conversion of clean energy is still full of chal-lenges.Herein,we describe a straightforward,one-step reduction method to achieve the formation of Pt nanoparticles(NPs)and the vacancy engineering of TiO_(2-x)nanofibers(NFs)simultaneously,which can be accomplished in 5 min.Furthermore,a Pt/TiO_(2-x)nanofibrous aerogel(NA)with an ordered cellular archi-tecture is prepared through a directional freezing technology.The Pt/TiO_(2-x)NA with excellent mechanical properties can be made into a self-supporting electrode for electrocatalytic N_(2)reduction reaction(NRR),showing high NH_(3) yield rate(4.81×10^(-10)mol/s cm^(-2))and Faraday efficiency(14.9%)at-0.35 V vs.RHE.

关键词： Vacancy engineering Pt nanoparticles TiO_(2–x)nanofibers Nanofibrous aerogel Electrocatalysis Nitrogen reduction

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散列记忆网络增强的自编码器异常检测方法

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小型微型计算机系统 2024年第6期45卷 1301-1310页

作者：代劲王银宗重庆邮电大学软件工程学院重庆400065 重庆邮电大学计算机科学与技术学院重庆400065

深度自编码器是异常检测的重要工具,通过异常样本由于分布的差异,无法在编码器中进行重构这一假设实现对异常的检测.而实际应用中,由于深度自编码器的泛化性较强,异常输入后也能实现较好重构,导致漏检情况发生.本文在改进注意力机制基础... 详细信息

深度自编码器是异常检测的重要工具,通过异常样本由于分布的差异,无法在编码器中进行重构这一假设实现对异常的检测.而实际应用中,由于深度自编码器的泛化性较强,异常输入后也能实现较好重构,导致漏检情况发生.本文在改进注意力机制基础上,构建了一个散列记忆网络增强的自编码器异常检测方法,较好解决了这一问题.首先,模型将输入编码为编码信息,根据编码信息获取子查询向量,然后通过子查询向量获取子注意力权重及对应子索引,再将子权重交叉求和获得散列权重及索引并从记忆网络单元检索出解码信息,最后利用解码信息进行重构输出.重构的输出总是与正常数据相似,使得异常输入与重构输出之间的重构误差将被放大,从而让异常更容易被识别.仿真实验表明,本文提出方法在图像、视频监控、通用异常检测任务中,均取得了较好的检测效果.

关键词：异常检测散列记忆网络无监督深度自编码器

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A learning-based synthesis approach to decentralized supervisory control of discrete event systems with unknown plants

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Control Theory and Technology 2014年第3期12卷 218-233页

作者： jin dai Hai LIN Department of Electrical Engineering University of Notre DameNotre Dame IN 46556 U.S.A.

In this paper, we consider the problem of automatic synthesis of decentralized supervisor for uncertain discrete event systems. In particular, we study the case when the uncontrolled plant is unknown a priori. To deal with the unknown plants, we first characterize the conormality of prefix-closed regular languages and propose formulas for computing the supremal conormal sublanguages; then sufficient conditions for the existence of decentralized supervisors are given in terms of language controllability and conormality and a learning-based algorithm to synthesize the supervisor automatically is proposed. Moreover, the paper also studies the on-line decentralized supervisory control of concurrent discrete event systems that are composed of multiple interacting unknown modules. We use the concept of modular controllability to characterize the necessary and sufficient conditions for the existence of the local supervisors, which consist of a set of local supervisor modules, one for each plant module and which determines its control actions based on the locally observed behaviors, and an on-line learning-based local synthesis algorithm is also presented. The correctness and convergence of the proposed algorithms are proved, and their implementation are illustrated through examples.

关键词： Discrete-event systems Supervisor synthesis Regular language learning Controllability Decentralized control

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Grey incidence clustering method based on multidimensional dynamic time warping distance

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Journal of Systems Engineering and Electronics 2017年第5期28卷 946-954页

作者： jin dai Yi Yan Yuhong He School of Software Engineering Chongqing University of Posts and Telecommunications

The traditional grey incidence degree is mainly based on the distance analysis methods, which is measured by the displacement difference between corresponding points between sequences. When some data of sequences are missing (inconsistency in the length of the sequences), the only way is to delete the longer sequences or to fill the shorter sequences. Therefore, some uncertainty is introduced. To solve this problem, by introducing three-dimensional grey incidence degree (3D-GID), a novel GID based on the multidimensional dynamic time warping distance (MDDTW distance-GID) is proposed. On the basis of it, the corresponding grey incidence clustering (MDDTW distance-GIC) method is constructed. It not only has the simpler computation process, but also can be applied to the incidence comparison between uncertain multidimensional sequences directly. The experiment shows that MDDTW distance-GIC is more accurate when dealing with the uncertain sequences. Compared with the traditional GIC method, the precision of the MDDTW distance-GIC method has increased nearly 30%.

关键词： grey incidence analysis (GIA) dynamic time warping (DTW) distance grey incidence clustering

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中国南方冬季最低温延伸期预报方法尝试

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地球物理学报 2024年第6期67卷 2096-2109页

作者：戴金黄艳艳钱伊恬南京信息工程大学气象灾害教育部重点实验室/气候与环境变化国际合作联合实验室/气象灾害预报预警与评估协同创新中心南京210044 南方海洋科学与工程广东省实验室(珠海) 广东珠海519080

未来10~30天的延伸期预报一直是当前的难点问题.本文针对对极端低温事件异常敏感的中国南方地区,构建了预报时效为25天的冬季最低温的有效延伸期预报模型.利用1979/1980—2019/2020年冬季日平均再分析资料,本文研究发现,在季节内尺度,... 详细信息

未来10~30天的延伸期预报一直是当前的难点问题.本文针对对极端低温事件异常敏感的中国南方地区,构建了预报时效为25天的冬季最低温的有效延伸期预报模型.利用1979/1980—2019/2020年冬季日平均再分析资料,本文研究发现,在季节内尺度,相比于原始变量,利用当候值减去其5候前值的增量方法可以放大和延长预测信号.中国南方地区的土壤温度和平流层50 hPa位势高度作为影响南方冬季最低温的关键因子,它们通过影响西伯利亚地区环流异常、北大西洋涛动以及欧亚遥相关型,对中国南方冬季最低温进行调制.由于两个增量形式的关键因子具有50天的准周期性,存在超前5候的显著自相关,超前5候增量形式的土壤温度和平流层极涡异常可以有效预报我国南方最低温增量.将预报的最低温增量,加上5候前的观测,得到的独立试报时段(2009/2010—2019/2020年冬季)的最低温与观测的时间相关系数为0.45,极端低温日命中率为57%.本研究使用的增量方法可以为当前极端天气事件的延伸期预报提供新思路.

关键词：冬季最低温增量方法延伸期预报

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Effect of biofeedback combined with high-quality nursing in treatment of functional constipation

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World Journal of Clinical Cases 2021年第4期9卷 784-791页

作者： Xiu Zhao jin Meng jin dai Zhi-Tao Yin Department of Anorectal Disease Shenyang Coloproctology HospitalShenyang 110000Liaoning ProvinceChina Department of Constipation Shenyang Coloproctology HospitalShenyang 110000Liaoning ProvinceChina Department of Anorectal Disease Shenyang Hospital of Traditional Chinese MedicineShenyang 110000Liaoning ProvinceChina

BACKGROUND Functional constipation(FC)is a common functional gastrointestinal disease with various clinical manifestations.It is a physical and mental disease,which seriously affects patient physical and mental health and quality of life.Biofeedback therapy is the treatment of choice for FC,especially outlet obstructive constipation caused by pelvic floor dysfunction.High-quality nursing is a new nursing model in modern clinical work and a new concept of modern nursing service.AIM To explore the effect of biofeedback combined with high-quality nursing in the treatment of FC.METHODS A total of 100 patients with FC admitted to our hospital from March 2015 to July 2019 were selected for clinical observation.These patients were randomly divided into two groups of 50:Experimental group(biofeedback combined with highquality nursing treatment group)and control group(biofeedback group).RESULTS The constipation symptom score of the experimental group was significantly lower than that of the control group,and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).The anal canal resting pressure and initial defecation threshold of the experimental group were significantly lower than those of the control group,and the maximum squeeze systolic pressure of the anal canal of the experimental group was significantly higher than that of the control group(P<0.05).The Self-Rating Anxiety Scale and Zung’s Self-Rating Depression Scale scores of the two groups were significantly lower than before treatment.The Self-Rating Anxiety Scale and Self-Rating Depression Scale scores of the experimental group were significantly lower than those of the control group(P<0.05).The patient satisfaction score of the experimental group was significantly higher than that of the control group(P<0.05).CONCLUSION The application of biofeedback combined with high-quality nursing in the treatment of FC has significant advantages over pure biofeedback treatment,and it is worthy of promotion in clinical work.

关键词： High quality care Functional constipation Biofeedback Pelvic floor dysfunction Self-rating anxiety scale Self-rating depression scale

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结合聚类边界采样的主动学习

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智能系统学报 2024年第2期19卷 482-492页

作者：胡峰李路正代劲刘群重庆邮电大学计算机科学与技术学院重庆400065

主动学习是一种机器学习方法,需要选择最有价值的样本进行标注。目前,主动学习在应用时面临着一些挑战,其依赖分类器的先验假设,这容易导致分类器性能意外下降,同时需要一定规模的样本作为启动条件。聚类可以降低问题规模,是主动学习的... 详细信息

主动学习是一种机器学习方法,需要选择最有价值的样本进行标注。目前,主动学习在应用时面临着一些挑战,其依赖分类器的先验假设,这容易导致分类器性能意外下降,同时需要一定规模的样本作为启动条件。聚类可以降低问题规模,是主动学习的一种有效手段。为此,结合密度聚类边界采样,开展主动学习方法的研究。针对容易产生分类错误的聚类边界区域,通过计算样本密度,提出一种密度峰值聚类边界点采样方法;在此基础上,给出密度熵的定义,并利用密度熵对聚类边界区域进行启发式搜索,提出一种基于聚类边界采样的主动学习方法。试验结果表明,与文献中的5种主动学习算法相比,该算法能够以更少标记量获得同等甚至更高的分类性能,是一种有效的主动学习算法;在标记不足,无标签样本总量20%的情况下,算法在Accuracy、F-score等指标上取得较好的结果。

关键词：主动学习机器学习聚类边界密度峰值聚类几何采样信息熵版本空间主动聚类

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