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Audio-Text Multimodal Speech Recognition via Dual-Tower Architecture for Mandarin Air Traffic Control Communications

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2024年第3期78卷 3215-3245页

作者： Shuting Ge jin ren Yihua Shi Yujun Zhang Shunzhi Yang jinfeng Yang School of Computer Science and Software Engineering University of Science and Technology LiaoningAnshan114051China Institute of Applied Artificial Intelligence of the Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area Shenzhen Polytechnic UniversityShenzhen518055China Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology Chinese Academy of SciencesShenzhen518055China Industrial Training Centre Shenzhen Polytechnic UniversityShenzhen518055China

In air traffic control communications (ATCC), misunderstandings between pilots and controllers could result in fatal aviation accidents. Fortunately, advanced automatic speech recognition technology has emerged as a promising means of preventing miscommunications and enhancing aviation safety. However, most existing speech recognition methods merely incorporate external language models on the decoder side, leading to insufficient semantic alignment between speech and text modalities during the encoding phase. Furthermore, it is challenging to model acoustic context dependencies over long distances due to the longer speech sequences than text, especially for the extended ATCC data. To address these issues, we propose a speech-text multimodal dual-tower architecture for speech recognition. It employs cross-modal interactions to achieve close semantic alignment during the encoding stage and strengthen its capabilities in modeling auditory long-distance context dependencies. In addition, a two-stage training strategy is elaborately devised to derive semantics-aware acoustic representations effectively. The first stage focuses on pre-training the speech-text multimodal encoding module to enhance inter-modal semantic alignment and aural long-distance context dependencies. The second stage fine-tunes the entire network to bridge the input modality variation gap between the training and inference phases and boost generalization performance. Extensive experiments demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed speech-text multimodal speech recognition method on the ATCC and AISHELL-1 datasets. It reduces the character error rate to 6.54% and 8.73%, respectively, and exhibits substantial performance gains of 28.76% and 23.82% compared with the best baseline model. The case studies indicate that the obtained semantics-aware acoustic representations aid in accurately recognizing terms with similar pronunciations but distinctive semantics. The research provides a novel modeling pa

关键词： Speech-text multimodal automatic speech recognition semantic alignment air traffic control communications dual-tower architecture

Deep-large faults controlling on the distribution of the venting gas hydrate system in the middle of the Qiongdongnan Basin, South China Sea

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China Geology 2024年第1期7卷 36-50页

作者： jin-feng ren Hai-jun Qiu Zeng-gui Kuang Ting-wei Li Yu-lin He Meng-jie Xu Xiao-xue Wang Hong-fei Lai jin Liang National Engineering Research Center of Gas Hydrate Exploration and Development Guangzhou 511458China Guangzhou Marine Geological Survey China Geological SurveyGuangzhou 511458China China Geological Survey Ministtry of Natural ResourcesBeijing 100037China

Many locations with concentrated hydrates at vents have confirmed the presence of abundant thermogenic gas in the middle of the Qiongdongnan Basin(QDNB).However,the impact of deep structures on gasbearing fluids migration and gas hydrates distribution in tectonically inactive regions is still *** this study,the authors apply high-resolution 3D seismic and logging while drilling(LWD)data from the middle of the QDNB to investigate the influence of deep-large faults on gas chimneys and preferred gasescape *** findings reveal the following:(1)Two significant deep-large faults,F1 and F2,developed on the edge of the Songnan Low Uplift,control the dominant migration of thermogenic hydrocarbons and determine the initial locations of gas chimneys.(2)The formation of gas chimneys is likely related to fault activation and *** chimney 1 is primarily arises from convergent fluid migration resulting from the intersection of the two faults,while the gas chimney 2 benefits from a steeper fault plane and shorter migration distance of fault F2.(3)Most gas-escape pipes are situated near the apex of the two *** reactivations facilitate free gas flow into the GHSZ and contribute to the formation of fracture‐filling hydrates.

关键词： Venting gas hydrates Deep-large faults Gas chimney Gas-escape pipes High-resolution 3D seismic Logging while drilling Qiongdongnan Basin South China Sea

Insight into structural degradation of NCMs under extreme fast charging process

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Rare Metals 2024年第1期43卷 41-50页

作者： Yu Tang Xing-Yu Wang jin-Can ren Bo-Wen Chen Zhi-Yong Huang Wei Wang Ya-Lan Huang Bing-Hao Zhang Si Lan Zhang-Long He Qi Liu Hao He Department of Physics City University of Hong KongHong Kong 999077China Shenzhen Research Institute City University of Hong KongShenzhen 518057China College of Materials Science and Engineering Changsha University of Science&TechnologyChangsha 410114China

Lithium-ion batteries(LIBs)with extreme fast charging(XFC)capability are considered an effective way to alleviate range anxiety for electric vehicle(EV)*** to the high ionic and electronic conductivity of LiNi_(x)Co_(y)Mn_zO_(2)(x+y+z=1,NCM)cathodes,the inevitable Li plating of graphite in NCM|graphite cell is usually identified as a key bottleneck for XFC ***,the capacity decay mechanism of cathode materials under XFC has not been fully *** this work,three typical NCM cathode materials with different Ni fractions were chosen and their electrochemical performances under XFC associated with structural evolution were investigated.A faster capacity decay of NCMs under XFC conditions is observed,especially for Ni-rich ***-situ X-ray diffraction(XRD)reveals that the multiple caxis parameters appear at the high-voltage regions in Nirich NCMs,which is probably triggered by the larger obstruction of Li(de)***,NCMs with moderate Ni fraction also present a similar trend under XFC *** phenomenon is more detrimental to the structural and morphological stability,resulting in a faster capacity decay than that under low current *** work provides new insight into the degradation mechanism of NCMs under XFC conditions,which can promote the development of NCM cathode materials with XFC capability.

关键词： Lithium-ion batteries Ni fraction Extreme fast charging Structural evolution

Surface engineering on MnO_(2)nanorods by La single atoms to accelerate oxygen reduction kinetics

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Rare Metals 2024年第9期43卷 4302-4311页

作者： Zhang-Long He Liu-Qi Wang Min Jiang Jia-Nan Xie Shan Liu jin-Can ren Rui Sun Wen-Bin Lv Wei-Bin Guo Yu-Ling Liu Bing Li Qi Liu Hao He School of Materials Science and Engineering Changsha University of Science and TechnologyChangsha 410000China School of Materials Science and Engineering Nanjing University of Science and TechnologyNanjing 210094China School of Materials Science and Engineering Shanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai 200240China Department of Physics City University of Hong KongHong Kong 999077China

Surface engineering,which modulates the electronic structure and adsorption/desorption properties of electrocatalysts,is one of the key strategies for improving the catalytic ***,we demonstrate a facile solid-phase reaction for surface engineering of MnO_(2)to boost the oxygen reduction *** reaction with surface hydroxy groups,La single atoms with loading amount up to 2.7 wt%are anchored onto a-MnO_(2)*** surface engineering,the oxygen reduction reaction(ORR)kinetics is significantly improved with the half-wave potential from 0.70 to 0.84 V,the number of transferred electrons from 2.5 to 3.9 and the limiting current density from 4.8 to 6.0 mA·cm^(-2).In addition,the catalyst delivers superior discharge performance in both alkaline and neutral metal–air *** functional theory(DFT)calculations reveal that atomic La modulates the surface electronic configuration of MnO_(2),reduces its d-band center and thus lowers the OOH*and O*reaction energy *** work provides a new route for rational design of highly active electrocatalyst and holds great potential for application in various catalytic reactions.

关键词： Surface engineering Single atoms Electron injection Oxygen reduction reaction Metal-air batteries

Herb pair of Huangqi-Danggui exerts anti-tumor immunity to breast cancer by upregulating PIK3R1

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Animal Models and Experimental Medicine 2024年第3期7卷 234-258页

作者： Hai-Xin Liu Li Lian Li-Li Hou Cai-Xia Liu jin-Hong ren Yuan-Biao Qiao Shi-Yuan Wen Qing-Shan Li College of Traditional Chinese Medicine and Food Engineering Shanxi University of Chinese MedicineTaiyuanChina Shanxi Key Laboratory of Innovative Drug for the Treatment of Serious Diseases Basing on the Chronic Inflammation College of Traditional Chinese Medicine and Food EngineeringShanxi University of Chinese MedicineTaiyuanChina College of Basic Medical Sciences Shanxi Medical UniversityTaiyuanChina

Background:According to traditional Chinese medicine(TCM),drugs supplementing the vital energy,Qi,can eliminate tumors by restoring host *** objective of this study is to investigate the underlying immune mechanisms of anti-tumor activity associated with Qi-supplementing herbs,specifically the paired use of Huangqi and ***:Analysis of compatibility regularity was conducted to screen the combination of Qi-supplementing *** the MTT assay and a transplanted tumor mice model,the anti-tumor effects of combination TCMs were investigated in vitro and in *** content analysis and flow cytometry were then used to evaluate cellular immunity,followed by network pharmacology and molecular docking to dissect the significant active compounds and potential ***,the anti-tumor activity and the mechanism of the active ingredients were verified by molecular ***:There is an optimal combination of Huangqi and Danggui that,administered as an aqueous extract,can activate immunity to suppress tumor and is more effective than each drug on its own in vitro and in *** on network pharmacology analysis,PIK3R1 is the core target for the anti-tumor immunity activity of combined Huangqi and *** docking analysis shows 6 components of the combined Danggui and Huangqi extract(quercetin,jaranol,isorhamnetin,kaempferol,calycosin,and suchilactone)that bind to *** is the most important component against breast *** suchilactone/jaranol combination and,especially,the suchilactone/kaempferol combination are key for immunity enhancement and the anti-tumor effects of the ***:The combination of Huangqi and Danggui can activate immunity to suppress breast cancer and is more effective than the individual drugs alone.

关键词： anti-tumor Danggui Huangqi immunity

The effect of the carbon components on the performance of carbonbased transition metal electrocatalysts for the hydrogen evolution reaction

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新型炭材料（中英文） 2024年第5期39卷 946-972页

作者： LI Guo-hua WANG jing ren jin-tian LIU Hong-chen QIAN jin-xiu CHENG Jia-ting ZHAO Mei-tong YANG Fan LI Yong-feng State Key Laboratory of Heavy Oil Processing China University of Petroleum(Beijing)Beijing 102249China

The hydrogen evolution reaction(HER)is a promising way to produce hydrogen,and the use of non-precious metals with an excellent electrochemical performance is vital for ***-based transition metal catalysts have high activity and stability,which are important in reducing the cost of hydrogen production and promoting the development of the hydrogen production ***,there is a lack of discussion regarding the effect of carbon components on the performance of these *** review of the literature discusses the choice of the carbon components in these catalysts and their impact on catalytic performance,including electronic structure control by heteroatom doping,morphology adjustment,and the influence of self-supporting *** not only analyzes the progress in HER,but also provides guidance for synthesizing high-performance carbon-based transition metal catalysts.

关键词： Carbon-based transition metal catalysts Heteroatom doping Morphology adjustment Self-supporting materials Hydrogen evolution reaction

Engineering The Neck Hinge Reshapes The Processive Movement of Kinesin-3

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生物化学与生物物理进展 2024年第10期51卷 2730-2740页

作者： LI Dong ren jin-Qi SONG Yin-Long LIANG Xin FENG Wei Key Laboratory of Biomacromolecules(CAS) National Laboratory of BiomacromoleculesCAS Center for Excellence in BiomacromoleculesInstitute of BiophysicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100101China School of Life Sciences Tsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China College of Life Sciences University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100049China

Objective In kinesin-3,the neck coil correlates with the following segments to form an extended neck that contains a characteristic hinge diverse from a proline in KIF13B to a long flexible linker in *** function of this neck hinge for controlling processive movement,however,remains *** We made a series of modifications to the neck hinges of KIF13B and KIF1A and tested their movement using a single-molecule motility *** In KIF13B,the insertion of flexible residues before or after the proline differentially impacts the processivity or velocity,while the removal of this proline increases the *** KIF1A,the deletion of entire flexible neck hinge merely enhances the *** engineering of these hinge-truncated necks of kinesin-3 into kinesin-1 similarly boosts the processive movement of *** The neck hinge in kinesin-3 controls its processive movement and proper modifications tune the motor motility,which provides a novel strategy to reshape the processive movement of kinesin motors.

关键词： intracellular transport molecular motor kinesin-3 neck hinge processive movement

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基于视觉图像的空对空多无人机目标跟踪

航空学报 2024年第14期45卷 14-29页

作者：褚昭晨宋韬金忍林德福北京理工大学宇航学院北京100081

基于视觉的空对空多目标跟踪技术是对无人机目标态势感知的关键技术,目前的研究局限于单目标无人机跟踪和通用多目标跟踪算法的迁移运用。针对空对空条件下现有算法对多无人机目标跟踪不准确的问题,提出一种基于分块增强特征提取与局部... 详细信息

基于视觉的空对空多目标跟踪技术是对无人机目标态势感知的关键技术,目前的研究局限于单目标无人机跟踪和通用多目标跟踪算法的迁移运用。针对空对空条件下现有算法对多无人机目标跟踪不准确的问题,提出一种基于分块增强特征提取与局部几何信息关联的级联多目标跟踪算法,将无人机图像按照机身和机臂特点分块处理,提取目标细粒度形态特征,利用连续时间内目标间相对几何关系变化微小的特性,构建局部区域目标相对几何关系向量,综合上述技术组件设计级联关联算法,提高所提出的算法对无人机目标的检索能力和关联成功率,从而提高算法的跟踪性能。实验表明,在测试集中,所提出的算法相比于目前最先进的多目标跟踪算法OC-SORT算法,身份编号F1值(ID F1 Score,IDF1)提升了5.6%,相比于在通用多目标跟踪领域较优的ByteTrack算法,多目标跟踪准确率(Multiple Object Tracking Accuracy,MOTA)提升了2.7%,实现了对多无人机目标跟踪的最优性能。同时,所提出的算法中用到的技术可应用于SORT、BYTE等数据关联算法中,从而可提高这些关联算法的性能。

关键词：无人机多目标跟踪深度学习特征提取数据关联

综合提升新能源高占比受端电网小干扰和暂态电压稳定性的SVG优化配置方法

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电力系统保护与控制 2024年第19期52卷 119-130页

作者：徐衍会任晋田鑫张玉跃华北电力大学北京102206 国网山东省电力公司经济技术研究院山东济南250001

由于新能源发电设备的弱支撑性,新能源高占比的受端电网的电压支撑强度难以满足系统安全稳定运行的要求。为了解决现有静止无功发生器(static var generator,SVG)配置方法未能充分提升系统小干扰电压稳定性和暂态电压稳定性的问题,提出... 详细信息

由于新能源发电设备的弱支撑性,新能源高占比的受端电网的电压支撑强度难以满足系统安全稳定运行的要求。为了解决现有静止无功发生器(static var generator,SVG)配置方法未能充分提升系统小干扰电压稳定性和暂态电压稳定性的问题,提出了一种综合考虑系统小干扰电压稳定和暂态电压稳定的SVG优化配置方法。首先,在第一阶段考虑SVG投资运行总成本和系统小干扰电压稳定裕度,在第二阶段引入SVG接入对系统故障后暂态电压稳定裕度的影响。然后,利用基于组合赋权法和相对熵距离的改进理想解法得到最优配置方案。最后,应用PSDBPA对新能源高占比受端电网算例进行分析,验证了所提配置方法能充分发挥SVG对系统电压稳定的提升作用。

关键词：受端电网小干扰电压稳定性暂态电压稳定性静止无功发生器

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