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Net effect of air pollution controls on health risk in the Beijing-Tianjin-hebei region during the 2022 winter Olympics and Paralympics

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2024年第1期135卷 560-569页

作者： changqing Lin Peter K.K.Louie Alexis K.h.Lau jimmy c.h.fun. Zibing Yuan Minghui Tao Xuguo Zhang Md.Shakhaoat hossain chengcai Li Xiang Qian Lao Division of Environment and Sustainability The Hong Kong University of Science and TechnologyHong KongChina Environmental Protection Department Hong Kong Government SARHong KongChina Department of civil and Environmental Engineering The Hong Kong University of Science and TechnologyHong KongChina Guangdong-hongkong-Macao Joint Laboratory of collaborative Innovation for Environmental Quality The Hong Kong University of Science and TechnologyHong KongChina Department of Mathematics The Hong Kong University of Science and TechnologyHong KongChina School of Environment and Energy South China University of TechnologyGuangzhou 510006China hubei Key Laboratory of critical Zone Evolution School of Geography and Information EngineeringChina University of GeosciencesWuhan 430074China Department of Public health and Informatics Jahangirnagar UniversityDhaka 1342Bangladesh Department of Atmospheric and Oceanic Sciences School of PhysicsPeking UniversityBeijing 100871China Jockey club School of Public health and Primary care The Chinese University of Hong KongHong KongChina

Due to the non-linearity in ozone(O_(3))formation,reducing the emission of nitrogen oxides(NO_(x))may increase O_(3) *** the counteractive O_(3) response to NO_(x) reduction,overall impact of air pollution controls can be ambiguous when the assessments focus on the changes in pollutant *** this study,a risk-based method was used to gauge the net effect of air pollution controls on mortality risk in the Beijing–Tianjin–hebei(BTh)region during the 2022 Winter Olympics and Paralympics(WOP).This mega-event presents a unique opportunity to investigate the efficacy of deep cuts in pollutant *** show that O_(3) concentrations greatly increased as nitrogen dioxide(NO_(2))concentrations decreased in the *** to the active photochemical formations,O_(3) became the dominant pollutant that affected human health during the *** the substantial O_(3) increases,the health benefits of NO_(2) reductions overwhelmed the adverse health effects of O_(3) increases in most regions of the BTh(at 81 out of 112 stations).After considering the impacts of particulate matter,the integrated health risk of air pollution mixtures declined almost everywhere in the *** results underscore the great necessity of changing the assessment paradigm of pollution control from using concentration-based methods to using risk-based *** with the carbon neutrality policy,stringent control of NO_(x)emission from combustion sources is a promising way to achieve synergistic control solutions for air pollution and climate change.

关键词： Ozone Nitrogen dioxide health risk carbon neutrality Mega-events

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Impacts of pollution heterogeneity on population exposure in dense urban areas using ultra-fine resolution air quality data

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2023年第3期125卷 513-523页

作者： Wenwei che Yumiao Zhang changqing Lin Yik him fung jimmy c.h.fun. Alexis KhLau Division of Environment and Sustainability The Hong Kong University of Science and TechnologyClear Water BayHong KongChina Department of Mathematics The Hong Kong University of Science and TechnologyClear Water BayHong KongChina Department of civil and Environmental Engineering The Hong Kong University of Science and TechnologyClear Water BayHong KongChina Guangdong-hongkong-Macao Joint Laboratory of collaborative Innovation for Environmental Quality Hong Kong University of Science and TechnologyClear Water BayHong KongChina

Traditional air quality data have a spatial resolution of 1 km or above, making it challenging to resolve detailed air pollution exposure in complex urban areas. combining urban morphology, dynamic traffic emission, regional and local meteorology, physicochemical transformations in air quality models using big data fusion technology, an ultra-fine resolution modeling system was developed to provide air quality data down to street level. Based on one-year ultra-fine resolution data, this study investigated the effects of pollution heterogeneity on the individual and population exposure to particulate matter(PM_(2.5)and PM_(10)),nitrogen dioxide(NO_(2)), and ozone(O_(3)) in hong Kong, one of the most densely populated and urbanized cities. Sharp fine-scale variabilities in air pollution were revealed within individual city blocks. Using traditional 1 km average to represent individual exposure resulted in a positively skewed deviation of up to 200% for high-end exposure individuals. citizens were disproportionally affected by air pollution, with annual pollutant concentrations varied by factors of 2 to 5 among 452 District council constituency Areas(DccAs) in hong Kong, indicating great environmental inequities among the population. Unfavorable city planning resulted in a positive spatial coincidence between pollution and population, which increased public exposure to air pollutants by as large as 46% among districts in hong Kong. Our results highlight the importance of ultra-fine pollutant data in quantifying the heterogeneity in pollution exposure in the dense urban area and the critical role of smart urban planning in reducing exposure inequities.

关键词： Particulate matter Nitrogen dioxide Ozone Pollution heterogeneity Urban area

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A Model of the Sea-Land Transition of the Mean Wind Profile in the Tropical cyclone Boundary Layer considering climate changes

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International Journal of Disaster Risk Science 2023年第3期14卷 413-427页

作者： Jiayao Wang Tim K.T.Tse Sunwei Li jimmy chfung Department of civil and Environmental Engineering The Hong Kong University of Science and TechnologyHongKong999077China Shenzhen International Graduate School Tsinghua UniversityShenzhen518055China Department of Mathematics The Hong Kong University of Science and TechnologyHongKong 999077China

The tropical cyclone boundary layer(TcBL)connecting the underlying terrain and the upper atmosphere plays a crucial role in the overall dynamics of a tropical cyclone *** tropical cyclones approach the coastline,the wind field inside the TcBL makes a sea-land transition to impact both onshore and offshore *** better understanding of the wind field inside the TcBL in the sea-land transition zone is of great *** this end,a semiempirical model that integrates the sea-land transition model from the Engineering Sciences Data Unit(ESDU),huang's refined TcBL wind field model,and the climate change scenarios from the coupled Model Intercomparison Project Phase 6(cMIP6)is used to investigate the influence of climate changes on the sea-land transition of the TcBL wind flow in hong *** specifically,such a semiempirical method is employed in a series of Monte-carlo simulations to predict the wind profiles inside the TcBL across the coastline of hong Kong under the impact of future climate *** wind profiles calculated based on the Monte-carlo simulation results reveal that,under the influences of the most severe climate change scenario,slightly higher and significantly lower wind speeds are found at altitudes above and below 400 m,respectively,compared to the wind speeds recommended in the hong Kong Wind code of *** findings imply that the wind profile model currently adopted by the hong Kong authorities in assessing the safety of low-to high-rise buildings may be unnecessarily over-conservative under the influence of climate *** the other hand,the coded wind loads on super-tall buildings slightly underestimate the typhoon impacts under the severe climate change conditions anticipated for coastal southern china.

关键词： climate change hong Kong Sea-land transition Tropical cyclone boundary layer Wind speed profile

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Leaf morphogenesis:The multifaceted roles of mechanics

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Molecular Plant 2022年第7期15卷 1098-1119页

作者： Kexin Guo changjin huang Yansong Miao Daniel J.cosgrove K.jimmy hsia School of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering Nanyang Technological UniversitySingapore 639798Singapore School of Biological Sciences Nanyang Technological UniversitySingapore 637551Singapore Department of Biology The Pennsylvania State UniversityUniversity ParkPA 16802USA School of chemical and Biomedical Engineering Nanyang Technological UniversitySingapore 637459Singapore

Plants produce a rich diversity of biological forms,and the diversity of leaves is especially *** of leaf morphogenesis have been studied in the past two decades,with a growing focus on the interactive roles of mechanics in recent *** of plant organs involves feedback by mechanical stress:growth induces stress,and stress affects growth and *** much attention has been given to potential stress-sensing mechanisms and cellular responses,the mechanical principles guiding morphogenesis have not been well *** we synthesize the overarching roles of mechanics and mechanical stress in multilevel and multiple stages of leaf morphogenesis,encompassing leaf primordium initiation,phyllotaxis and venation patterning,and the establishment of complex mature leaf ***,the roles of mechanics at multiscale levels,from subcellular cytoskeletal molecules to single cells to tissues at the organ scale,are *** highlighting the role of mechanical buckling in the formation of three-dimensional leaf shapes,this review integrates the perspectives of mechanics and biology to provide broader insights into the mechanobiology of leaf morphogenesis.

关键词： leaf morphogenesis cell-wall mechanics phyllotaxis and venation patterning differential and anisotropic growth mechanical buckling

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Long-Term Trends in Pre-Summer Daytime and Nocturnal Extreme hourly Rainfall in a coastal city of South china

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Journal of Tropical Meteorology 2023年第1期29卷 39-54页

作者：苏琳李俊鲁黄伟健冯志雄 School of Atmospheric Sciences Sun Yat-sen Universityand Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory(Zhuhai)ZhuhaiGuangdong 519082 China Key Laboratory of Tropical Atmospheric-Ocean System Ministry of EducationZhuhaiGuangdong 519082 China Earth OceanAtmosphere Sciences ThrustThe Hong Kong University of Science and Technology(Guangzhou):Guangzhou 511453 China hong Kong Observatory Hong Kong Special Administrative Region(SAR)China Division of Environment and Sustainability The Hong Kong University of Science and TechnologyHong Kong SARChina Department of Mathematics The Hong Kong University of Science and TechnologyHong Kong SARChina

The long-term trends in the occurrence frequency of pre-summer daytime and nocturnal extreme hourly rainfall(EXhR) during 1988-2018 in hong Kong and their spatial distributions are examined and analyzed. Despite a significant increasing trend observed in the occurrence frequency of pre-summer EXhRs during the investigated period,the increase in daytime and nocturnal EXhRs show distinct spatial patterns. Nocturnal EXhRs show uniform increasing trends over the entire hong Kong. however, the increase in daytime EXhRs is concentrated over the northern or eastern areas of hong Kong, indicating a downstream shift of pre-summer EXhRs in hong Kong with regard to the prevailing southwesterly monsoonal flows in south china. The clustering of weather types associated with daytime and nocturnal EXhRs further reveals that the increase in EXhRs over hong Kong are mainly contributed by the increase of the events associated with southwesterly monsoonal flows with relatively high speeds. During the past few decades, the southwesterly monsoonal flows at coastal south china have undergone a substantial weakening due to the increased surface roughness induced by the urbanization over the Guangdong-hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area since 1990s,leading to enhanced low-level convergence and thus significant increase in EXhRs at coastal south china. Meanwhile,daytime sea-wind circulation at coastal south china is markedly enhanced during the investigated period, which is the main reason for the northward shift of daytime EXhRs in hong Kong. In addition, the blocked southwesterly monsoonal flows at coastal south china are detoured eastward, leading to stronger convergence and increase in EXhRs at eastern coast of hong Kong, especially during daytime, when the easterly sea winds prevail at the region.

关键词： extreme hourly rainfall diurnal rainfall cycle linear trend coastal Pearl River Delta

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Synthesis and crystal Structure of [2-dapp]2[Zn（dmit）2] (2-dapp = 2-（4-Dimethylaminophenyl）ethyl-l-methyl- pyridinium, dmit = 1,3-Dithiole-2-thione-4,5-dithiolato)

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chinese Journal of Structural chemistry 2004年第11期 1242-1245页

作者： fun hoong-Kunb X-ray crystallography Unit School of Physics 11800 USM Penang Universiti Sains Malaysia

The title compound [2-dapp]2[Zn(dmit)2] synthesized by the direct reaction of [Et4N]2[Zn(dmit)2] and [2-dapp]I crystallizes in monoclinic, space group P2l/c with a = 29.7436(6), b = l0.6266(3), c = l3.6161(4) ? b = 93.l16(l)? V = 4297.3 ?, Z = 4, Dc = 1.448 g/cm3, m = 1.091 mm-1 and F(000) = 1936. The structure was refined by fu1l-matrix 1east-squares methods to the final R = 0.075 and wR = 0.l16, revealing the zinc-bis (dmit) anions interact strongly with the planar cation, 2-dapp+, by the hydrogen bond c(l)h(lc)…S(7) (x, 3/2y, 1/2+z).

关键词： crystal structure zinc dapp dmit

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Synthesis,Spectra,X-ray Diffraction and Thermal Studies of New Zn(Ⅱ) compounds Based on Dibenzoylmethane

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chinese Journal of Structural chemistry 2016年第10期35卷 1582-1592页

作者： FARZIN Marandi NASTARAN Shahinpour QUAh chING Kheng hOONG KUN fun Department of chemistry Payame Noor University X-ray crystallography Unit School of PhysicsUniversity Sains Malaysia

Two new zinc（Ⅱ） compounds with dibenzoylmethane and N-donor ancillary ligands,[Zn（μ-pyz）（dbm）_2]_n（1） and [Zn（dbm）_2（μ-bpe）Zn（dbm）_2]（2）（hdbm = dibenzoylmethane,pyz = pyrazine and bpe = 1,2-bis（4-pyridyl）ethane）,have been prepared and characterized using elemental analysis,IR,~1h NMR and 13 c NMR spectroscopy,and studied by thermal gravimetric analysis as well as single-crystal X-ray diffraction. The crystal and molecular structures of 1 and 2 have been solved by X-ray diffraction and they turned out to be a one-dimensional coordination polymer with linear dispositions of metal atoms and binuclear compound,respectively. These one-dimensional polymers are further connected to form a 3D supramolecular network by c–h···O（only in 2） and π-π interactions.

关键词： dibenzoylmethane 1 2-bis(4-pyridyl)ethane pyrazine zinc(Ⅱ)

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Preparation,characterization and photocatalytic performance of Mo-doped ZnO photocatalysts

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Science china chemistry 2012年第9期55卷 1802-1810页

作者： YU changLin YANG Kai ShU Qing YU jimmy c cAO FangFang LI Xin ZhOU Xiaochun School of Metallurgy and chemical Engineering Jiangxi University of Science and TechnologyGanzhou 341000China Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Photocatalysis--State Key Laboratory Breeding Base Fuzhou UniversityFuzhou 350002China Department of chemistry The Center of Novel Functional Molecules and Environmental Science ProgrammeThe Chinese Universiry of Hong KongShatinNew TerritoriesHong KongChina

A series of Mo-doped ZnO photocatalysts with different Mo-dopant concentrations have been prepared by a grinding-calcination *** structure of these photocatalysts was characterized by a variety of methods,including N 2 physical adsorption,X-ray diffraction(XRD),scanning electron microscopy(SEM),Fourier transform infrared(FT-IR) spectroscopy,photoluminescence(PL) emission spectroscopy,and UV-vis diffuse reflectance spectroscopy(DRS).It was found that Mo 6+ could enter into the crystal lattice of ZnO due to the radius of Mo 6+(0.065 nm) being smaller than that of Zn 2+(0.083 nm).XRD results indicated that Mo 6+ suppressed the growth of ZnO *** FT-IR spectroscopy results showed that the ZnO with 2 wt.% Mo-doping has a higher level of surface hydroxyl groups than pure *** spectroscopy indicated that ZnO with 2 wt.% Mo-doping also exhibited the largest reduction in the intensity of the emission peak at 390 nm caused by the recombination of photogenerated hole-electron *** activities of the Mo-doped ZnO photocatalysts were investigated in the photocatalytic degradation of acid orange II under UV light(λ = 365 nm) *** was found that ZnO with 2 wt.% Mo-doping showed much higher photocatalytic activity and stability than pure *** high photocatalytic performance of the Mo-doped ZnO can be attributed to a great improvement in the surface properties of ZnO,higher crystallinity and lower recombination rate of photogenerated hole-electron(e-/h+) ***,the undoped Mo species may exist in the form of MoO3 and form MoO3 /ZnO heterojunctions which further favors the separation of e-/h+ pairs.

关键词： ZnO晶体光催化性能光催化剂钼掺杂扫描电子显微镜 FT-IR光谱发射光谱法制备

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WO_3/ZnO复合光催化剂的制备及其光催化性能

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催化学报 2011年第4期32卷 555-565页

作者：余长林杨凯舒庆 YU jimmy c 操芳芳李鑫江西理工大学材料与化学工程学院江西赣州341000 香港中文大学化学系

采用沉淀-研磨法制备了一系列不同WO3含量的WO3/ZnO复合光催化剂,应用N2物理吸附、X射线衍射、扫描电镜、傅里叶变换红外光谱、紫外-可见光谱和光致发光谱等手段对催化剂进行了表征,并以λ=365nm的紫外光为光源,评价了该催化剂光催化降... 详细信息

采用沉淀-研磨法制备了一系列不同WO3含量的WO3/ZnO复合光催化剂,应用N2物理吸附、X射线衍射、扫描电镜、傅里叶变换红外光谱、紫外-可见光谱和光致发光谱等手段对催化剂进行了表征,并以λ=365nm的紫外光为光源,评价了该催化剂光催化降解酸性橙II的活性,考察了WO3的复合对WO3/ZnO样品光催化性能的影响.结果表明,当复合2%WO3,并于600°c焙烧时,所制备的WO3/ZnO催化剂活性最高,比纯ZnO的提高了约一倍.合适的煅烧温度可以提高催化剂结晶度,而WO3的复合可抑制ZnO晶粒的长大,提高催化剂比表面积和改善催化剂表面羟基数量,并可抑制光生电子与光生空穴的复合,从而显著提高其光催化脱色活性.

关键词：氧化钨复合氧化锌光催化酸性橙II

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Synthesis and crystal Structure of [2-dapp]_2[Zn(dmit)_2] (2-dapp = 2-(4-Dimethylaminophenyl)ethyl-l-methyl- pyridinium, dmit = 1,3-Dithiole-2-thione-4,5-dithiolato)

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chinese Journal of Structural chemistry 2004年第11期23卷 1242-1245页

作者：杨玉华王素娜王威 fun hoong-Kun 游效曾白俊峰 coordination chemistry Institute State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry Nanjing University Nanjing 210093 China X-ray crystallography Unit School of PhysicsUniversiti Sains Malaysia 11800 USM Penang Malaysia

关键词： crystal structure zinc dapp dmit

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