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Engineered plant extracellular vesicles for autoimmune diseases therapy

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Nano Research 2024年第4期17卷 2857-2873页

作者： Ruina han Yan Wu Yafei han Xiangfei Liu han Liu Jiacan su Institute of Translational Medicine Shanghai UniversityShanghai 200444China Organoid Research Center Shanghai UniversityShanghai 200444China National Center for Translational Medicine(shanghai)sHU Branch Shanghai UniversityShanghai 200444China Department of Orthopedics Shanghai Zhongye HospitalShanghai 200941China Department of Orthopedics Xinhua HospitalShanghai Jiao Tong University School of MedicineShanghai 200092China

Autoimmune diseases(AID)encompass a diverse array of conditions characterized by immune system dysregulation,resulting in aberrant responses of B cells and T cells against the body’s own healthy *** extracellular vesicles(PEVs)are nanoscale particles enclosed by phospholipid bilayers,secreted by plant cells,which facilitate intercellular communication by transporting various bioactive *** to their nanoscale structure,safety,abundant sources,low immunogenicity,high yield,biocompatibility,and effective targeting of the colon and liver,PEVs are regarded as a promising platform for the treatment of *** review provides a comprehensive summary of PEV biogenesis,physicochemical and biological properties,internalization mechanisms,isolation methods,and their applications in various diseases,with a specific focus on their potential roles in ***,we propose engineering approaches and administration methods for ***,we present an overview of the advantages and challenges associated with utilizing PEVs for the treatment of *** gaining a comprehensive understanding of PEVs,we anticipate the development of innovative therapeutic strategies for *** and engineered PEVs hold substantial promise as a valuable resource for innovative technologies in AID treatment.

关键词： autoimmune diseases plant extracellular vesicles extracellular vesicles engineering modification

Neural dynamics for improving optimiser in deep learning with noise considered

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CAAI Transactions on Intelligence Technology 2024年第3期9卷 722-737页

作者： Dan su Predrag s.stanimirović Ling Bo han Long Jin school of Information science and Engineering Lanzhou UniversityLanzhouChina Faculty of sciences and Mathematics University of NišNišSerbia school of Electronics and Information Engineering Guangdong Ocean UniversityZhanjiangChina

As deep learning evolves,neural network structures become increasingly sophisticated,bringing a series of new optimisation *** example,deep neural networks(DNNs)are vulnerable to a variety of *** neural networks under privacy constraints is a method to alleviate privacy leakage,and one way to do this is to add noise to the ***,the existing optimisers suffer from weak convergence in the presence of increased noise during training,which leads to a low robustness of the *** stabilise and improve the convergence of DNNs,the authors propose a neural dynamics(ND)optimiser,which is inspired by the zeroing neural dynamics originated from zeroing neural *** authors first analyse the relationship be-tween DNNs and control ***,the authors construct the ND optimiser to update network ***,the proposed ND optimiser alleviates the non-convergence problem that may be suffered by adding noise to the gradient from different ***,experiments are conducted on different neural network structures,including ResNet18,ResNet34,Inception-v3,MobileNet,and long and short-term memory *** results using CIFAR,YouTube Faces,and R8 datasets demonstrate that the ND optimiser improves the accuracy and stability of DNNs under noise-free and noise-polluted *** source code is publicly available at https://***/LongJin-lab/ND.

关键词： deep learning deep neural networks

Limit load and failure mechanisms of a vertical Hoek-Brown rock slope

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Journal of Rock Mechanics and Geotechnical Engineering 2024年第3期16卷 1106-1111页

作者： jim shiau Warayut Dokduea suraparb Keawsawasvong Pitthaya Jamsawang school of Engineering University of Southern QueenslandToowoomba4350QLDAustralia Department of Civil Engineering Faculty of EngineeringKing Mongkut’s University of Technology ThonburiBangkokThailand Research Unit in sciences and Innovative Technologies for Civil Engineering Infrastructures Department of Civil EngineeringThammasat School of EngineeringThammasat UniversityPathumthani12120Thailand soil Engineering Research Center Department of Civil EngineeringKing Mongkut’s University of Technology North BangkokBangkok10800Thailand

The problem considered in this short note is the limit load determination of a vertical rock *** classical limit theorem is employed with the use of adaptive finite elements and nonlinear programming to determine upper and lower bound limit loads of a Hoek-Brown vertical rock *** objective function of the mathematical programming problem is such as to optimize a boundary load,which is known as the limit load,resembling the ultimate bearing capacity of a strip *** focusing on the vertical slope,parametric studies are carried out for several dimensionless ratios such as the dimensionless footing distance ratio,the dimensionless height ratio,and the dimensionless rock strength ratio.A comprehensive set of design charts is presented,and failure envelopes shown with the results explained in terms of three identified failure mechanisms,*** face,the toe,and the Prandtl-type *** novel results can be used with great confidence in design practice,in particularly noting that the current industry-based design procedures for the presented problem are rarely found.

关键词： Bearing capacity Rock slope Vertical slope Finite element limit analysis Hoek-Brown yield criterion

A new method for deriving broad-band polar motion geodetic excitations

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Geodesy and Geodynamics 2024年第5期15卷 453-464页

作者： Wei Chen Jiesi Luo jim Ray Jiancheng Li Hubei Luojia Laboratory School of Geodesy and GeomaticsWuhan UniversityWuhan 430079China National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration Silver SpringMDUSA Central south University Changsha 410083China

While the geodetic excitationχ(t)of polar motion p(t)is essential to improve our understanding of global mass redistributions and relative motions with respect to the terrestrial frame,the widely adopted method to deriveχ(t)from p(t)has biases in both amplitude and phase *** study has developed a new simple but more accurate method based on the combination of the frequency-and time-domain Liouville's equation(FTLE).The FTLE method has been validated not only with 6-h sampled synthetic excitation series but also with daily and 6-h sampled polar motion measurements as well asχ(t)produced by the interactive webpage tool of the International Earth Rotation and Reference systems service(IERs).Numerical comparisons demonstrate thatχ(t)derived from the FTLE method has superior performances in both the time and frequency domains with respect to that obtained from the widely adopted method or the IERs webpage tool,provided that the input p(t)series has a length around or more than 25 years,which presents no practical limitations since the necessary polar motion data are readily *** FTLE code is provided in the form of Mat Lab function.

关键词： Earth rotation Polar motion Geodetic excitation Liouville's equation Mat Lab

sex differences in Alzheimer's disease:an urgent research venue to follow

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Neural Regeneration Research 2024年第12期19卷 2569-2570页

作者： Raquel jiménez-Herrera Ana Contreras Juan D.Navarro-López Lydia jiménez-Díaz Neurophysiology&Behavior Lab University of Castilla-La ManchaSchool of Medicine of Ciudad RealCiudad RealSpain

Due to increasing life expectancy,the amount of people with dementia worldwide is expected to experience a substantial rise,with estimates indicating a growth from 55 million in 2019 to a staggering 139 million by the... 详细信息

关键词： Alzheimer predominant estimates

From Liquid to solid‑state Lithium Metal Batteries:Fundamental Issues and Recent Developments

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Nano-Micro Letters 2024年第2期16卷 68-125页

作者： Zhao Zhang Wei‑Qiang han school of Materials science and Engineering Zhejiang UniversityHangzhou 310027People’s Republic of China

The widespread adoption of lithium-ion batteries has been driven by the proliferation of portable electronic devices and electric vehicles,which have increasingly stringent energy density *** metal batteries(LMBs),with their ultralow reduction potential and high theoretical capacity,are widely regarded as the most promising technical pathway for achieving high energy density *** this review,we provide a comprehensive overview of fundamental issues related to high reactivity and migrated interfaces in ***,we propose improved strategies involving interface engineering,3D current collector design,electrolyte optimization,separator modification,application of alloyed anodes,and external field regulation to address these *** utilization of solid-state electrolytes can significantly enhance the safety of LMBs and represents the only viable approach for advancing *** review also encompasses the variation in fundamental issues and design strategies for the transition from liquid to solid *** noteworthy is that the introduction of ssEs will exacerbate differences in electrochemical and mechanical properties at the interface,leading to increased interface inhomogeneity—a critical factor contributing to failure in all-solidstate lithium metal *** on recent research works,this perspective highlights the current status of research on developing high-performance LMBs.

关键词： Lithium metal batteries All-solid-state lithium metal battery Li dendrite solid electrolyte Interface

Robotic complete mesocolic excision for right colon cancer:Learning curve,training,techniques,approach,platforms,and future perspectives

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Laparoscopic, Endoscopic and Robotic surgery 2024年第2期7卷 53-59页

作者： Guglielmo NiccolòPiozzi sentilnathan subramaniam Rauand Duhoky Werner Hohenberger jim s.Khan Department of Colorectal surgery Portsmouth Hospitals University NHS TrustPortsmouthUK Colorectal surgery Unit Department of General SurgeryHospital SelayangSelangorMalaysia Faculty of Technology University of PortsmouthPortsmouthUK Department of General surgery Universitatsklinikum ErlangenErlangenGermany Faculty of science and Health University of PortsmouthPortsmouthUK

Colon cancer has the fifth highest incidence worldwide and has the sixth highest *** with rectal cancer,colon cancer currently has the worst 5-year overall survival for patients with stage II and III *** mesocolic excision has been developed as a standardized and optimized surgical technique for the excision of colon *** technique has traditionally been performed through an open approach since laparoscopy is generally considered technically *** robotic approach has been slowly implemented for colon cancer,but the newest robotic platforms allow for a safer and optimized approach for right colon *** robotic approaches have been developed and *** expansion of the current robotic platform ecosystem is gradually providing new outputs in the application of the robotic approach to complete mesocolic *** review gains an oversight of existing literature on robotic complete mesocolic excision for right colon cancer(learning curve,training,techniques,approach,platforms,and future perspectives).

关键词： Robotic surgery Complete mesocolic excision Robotic platform Colon cancer Colorectal surgery

Four Late-type Galaxies with Double Radio Lobes and Properties of such Galaxies

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Research in Astronomy and Astrophysics 2024年第4期24卷 84-90页

作者： Z.s.Yuan X.Y.Gao Z.L.Wen J.L.han National Astronomical Observatories Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100101China CAs Key Laboratory of FAsT National Astronomical ObservatoriesChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100101China school of Astronomy and space sciences University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100049China

The triggering mechanism for radio lobes from late-type galaxies is not fully *** samples are desired for a thorough investigation and *** utilizing the optical data from the newly released Dark Energy spectroscopic Instrument imaging surveys and the radio sources from the NRAO VLA sky survey and the Faint Images of the Radio sky at Twenty-centimeter,we identify four Late-type Galaxies with double Radio Lobes(La GRLs):J0217-3645,J0947+6220,J1412+3723 and J1736+*** previously known La GRLs,we confirm the correlation between radio power P_(1.4GHz)and stellar mass M_(*)of host ***(25/35)La GRLs belong to the blue cloud galaxies,while the newly identified cases in this work are located within the region of the red *** find a clear correlation between the differential radio power,i.e.,the offset from the P_(1.4GHz)-M_(*)relation,and the galaxy color,indicating that bluer galaxies at a fixed M_(*)tend to host more powerful radio ***,the majority(31/36)of La GRLs are either located in a galaxy group or displaying a disturbed *** suggest that all of the galaxy mass,color and surrounding environment could play important roles in triggering radio lobes in late-type galaxies.

关键词： galaxies:active galaxies:jets galaxies:spiral radio continuum:galaxies

A class of binary MDs array codes with asymptotically weak-optimal repair

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science China(Information sciences) 2018年第10期61卷 52-62页

作者： hanxu HOU Yunghsiang s.han school of Electrical Engineering & Intelligentization Dongguan University of Technology

Binary maximum distance separable(MDs) array codes contain k information columns and r parity columns in which each entry is a bit that can tolerate r arbitrary erasures. When a column in an MDs code fails, it has been proven that we must download at least half of the content from each helper column if k + 1 columns are selected as the helper columns. If the lower bound is achieved such that the k + 1 helper columns can be selected from any k + r-1 surviving columns, then the repair is an optimal ***, if the lower bound is achieved with k + 1 specific helper columns, the repair is a weak-optimal repair. This paper proposes a class of binary MDs array codes with k 3 and r 2 that asymptotically achieve weak-optimal repair of an information column with k + 1 helper columns. We show that there exist many encoding matrices such that the corresponding binary MDs array codes can asymptotically achieve weak-optimal repair for repairing any information column.

关键词： MDs codes binary MDs array codes optimal repair encoding matrix asymptotically weakoptimal repair