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Phenotyping for Abiotic Stress Tolerance in Maize

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Journal of Integrative Plant Biology 2012年第4期54卷 238-249页

作者： Benhilda Masuka Jose Luis Araus Biswanath Das Kai Sonder jill E.Cairns International Maize and Wheat Improvement Center(CIMMYT) Unit of Plant Physiology Faculty of BiologyUniversity of Barcelona CIMMYT Km 45 Carretera Mexico-Veracruz

The ability to quickly develop germplasm having tolerance to several complex polygenic inherited abiotic and biotic stresses combined is critical to the resilience of cropping systems in the face of climate change. Molecular breeding offers the tools to accelerate cereal breeding; however, suitable phenotyping proto- cols are essential to ensure that the much-anticipated benefits of molecular breeding can be realized. To facilitate the full potential of molecular tools, greater emphasis needs to be given to reducing the within-experimental site variability, application of stress and characterization of the environment and appropriate phenotyping tools. Yield is a function of many processes throughout the plantcycle, and thus integrative traits that encompass crop performance over time or organization level （i.e. canopy level） will provide a better alternative to instantaneous measurements which provide only a snapshot of a given plant process. Many new phenotyping tools based on remote sensing are now available including non-destructive measurements of growth-related parameters based on spectral reflectance and infrared thermometry to estimate plant water status. Here we describe key field phenotyping protocols for maize with emphasis on tolerance to drought and low nitrogen.

关键词： Drought low nitrogen tolerance maize phenotyping spatial variability.

The physical and physiological effects of vacuum massage on the different skin layers: a current status of the literature

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Burns & Trauma 2016年第3期4卷 180-191页

作者： Peter Moortgat Mieke Anthonissen jill Meirte Ulrike Van Daele Koen Maertens OSCARE Organisation for BurnsScar After-care and ResearchVan Roiestraat 18B-2170 AntwerpBelgium OSCARE Organisation for BurnsScar After-care and ResearchVan Roiestraat 18B-2170 AntwerpBelgium Department of Rehabilitation Sciences KU LeuvenTervuursevest 101box 15003001 HeverleeBelgium OSCARE Organisation for BurnsScar After-care and ResearchVan Roiestraat 18B-2170 AntwerpBelgium Department of Rehabilitation Sciences and Physiotherapy University of AntwerpUniversiteitsplein 12610 AntwerpBelgium Department of Rehabilitation Sciences and Physiotherapy University of AntwerpUniversiteitsplein 12610 AntwerpBelgium OSCARE Organisation for BurnsScar After-care and ResearchVan Roiestraat 18B-2170 AntwerpBelgium Department of Clinical and Lifespan Psychology Vrije Universiteit BrusselPleinlaan 21050 BrusselsBelgium

Vacuum massage is a non-invasive mechanical massage technique performed with a mechanical device that lifts the skin by means of suction,creates a skin fold and mobilises that skin *** the late 1970s,this therapy was introduced to treat traumatic or burn *** vacuum massage was invented to treat burns and scars,one can find very little literature on the effects of this ***,the aim of this review is to present an overview of the available literature on the physical and physiological effects of vacuum massage on epidermal and dermal skin structures in order to find the underlying working mechanisms that could benefit the healing of burns and *** discussion contains translational analysis of the results and provides recommendations for future research on the *** extended search for publications was performed using PubMed,Web of Science and Google *** authors independently identified and checked each study against the inclusion *** articles were included in the qualitative *** two most reported physical effects of vacuum massage were improvement of the tissue hardness and the elasticity of the *** physical effects,a variety of physiological effects are reported in literature,for example,an increased number of fibroblasts and collagen fibres accompanied by an alteration of fibroblast phenotype and collagen *** information was found on the decrease of pain and itch due to vacuum *** vacuum massage initially had been developed for the treatment of burn scars,this literature review found little evidence for the efficacy of this *** in duration,amplitude or frequency of the treatment have a substantial influence on collagen restructuring and reorientation,thus implying possible beneficial influences on the healing potential by mechanotransduction *** massage may release the mechanical tension associated with scar retraction and thus in

关键词： Vacuum massage Endermology Vacuotherapy Depressomassage Scars Hypertrophic Physical Physiological Intervention

Stopover behavior of Red-eyed Vireos(Vireo olivaceus) during fall migration on the coast of the Yucatan Peninsula

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Avian Research 2021年第4期12卷 491-502页

作者： Richard Evan Feldman Antonio Celis-Murillo jill L.Deppe Michael P.Ward Centro de Investigación Científica de Yucatán Unidad de Recursos NaturalesMeridaYucatánMexico Prairie Research Institute Illinois Natural History SurveyUniversity of IllinoisUrbana-ChampaignIllinoisUSA U.S.Geological Survey Eastern Ecological Science CenterPatuxent Research RefugeLaurelMDUSA National Audubon Society WashingtonDCUSA Department of Natural Resources and Environmental Sciences University of IllinoisUrbana-ChampaignIllinoisUSA.

Background: For migrating birds, stopover requires spending time and energy that otherwise could be allocated to flying. Thus, birds optimally refuel their subsequent migratory flight by reducing stopover duration or foraging activ-ity in food-rich environments. In coastal habitats, birds may forego refueling and take short stopovers irrespective of local food availability. Given the paucity of studies exploring how migrants adjust stopover behavior in response to temporal variation in food availability, especially in the Neotropics, we fixed radio tags to 51 Red-eyed Vireos(Vireo olivaceous) over two years at two sites on the coast of Mexico's Yucatan ***: We applied VHF radio tags during the fall of 2016 and 2017, and tracked birds using automatic and manual receiving units. We estimated stopover duration and activity levels(one site only) for between six and fifteen birds,depending on site and year. We measured fruit availability weekly along the net lanes where we captured birds. We used a generalized linear model to estimate the relationships between stopover duration/activity level and fruit den-sity, bird body mass and year. We interpreted relationships for the model with the lowest AICc ***: We found that approximately half of the birds departed on the same day they were captured. For the birds that stayed longer, we could not discern whether they did so because they were light, or fruit density was high. On the other hand, lighter birds were more active than heavier birds but only in one of the two ***: Given our results, it is unlikely that Red-eyed Vireos refuel along the Yucatan coast. However, they still likely need to recuperate from crossing the Gulf of Mexico, which may necessitate foraging more often if in poor body condition. If the birds then move inland then stopover should be thought of as a large-scale phenomenon, where habitats with different functions may be spread out over a broad landscape.

关键词： Coastal dune Fruit Geographic barrier Gulf of Mexico Phenology Stopover Time?minimization

Optimization of micropatterned poly(lactic-coglycolic acid) films for enhancing dorsal root ganglion cell orientation and extension

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Neural Regeneration Research 2018年第1期13卷 105-111页

作者： Ching-Wen Li Brett Davis jill Shea Himanshu Sant Bruce Kent Gale Jayant Agarwal Department of Mechanical Engineering National Chung Hsing University Department of Surgery School of Medicine University of Utah Department of Mechanical Engineering University of Utah

Nerve conduits have been a viable alternative to the ‘gold standard’ autograft for treating small peripheral nerve gap injuries. However, they often produce inadequate functional recovery outcomes and are ineffective in large gap injuries. Ridge/groove surface micropatterning has been shown to promote neural cell orientation and guide growth. However, optimization of the ratio of ridge/groove parameters to promote orientation and extension for dorsal root ganglion （DRG） cells on poly（lactic-co-glycolic acid）（PLGA） films has not been previously conducted. Photolithography and micro-molding were used to define various combinations of ridge/groove dimensions on PLGA films. The DRG cells obtained from chicken embryos were cultured on micropatterned PLGA films for cell orientation and migration *** of the films occurred during the test period, however, this did not cause deformation or distortion of the micropatterns. Results from the DRG cell orientation test suggest that when the ridge/groove ratio equals 1 （ridge/groove width parameters are equal, i.e., 10 μm/10 μm （even））, the degree of alignment depends on the size of the ridges and grooves, when the ratio is smaller than 1 （groove controlled） the alignment increases as the ridge size decreases, and when the ratio is larger than 1 （ridge controlled）, the alignment is reduced as the width of the grooves decreases. The migration rate and neurite extension of DRG neurons were greatest on 10 μm/10 μm and 30 μm/30 μm micropatterned PLGA films. Based on the data, the 10 μm/10 μm and 30 μm/30 μm micropatterned PLGA films are the optimized ridge/groove surface patterns for the construction of nerve repair devices.

关键词： nerve regeneration nerve repair neural cell migration neural cell alignment micropattern dorsal root ganglion topological cues neural regeneration

2024年米兰国际家具展外围展：绿色思维的探索

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艺术与设计 2024年第4期292卷 56-59页

作者：乔智吉丽 2024米兰国际家具展外围展

伴随着米兰国际家具展（Salone del Mobile）的开始，2024年米兰国际家具展外围展（Fuorisalone 2024）作为其重要的一部分也同样备受关注。走出展厅，走进城市，2024年米兰国际家具展外围展在米兰市区包括大型广场、仓库、公园甚至废...

伴随着米兰国际家具展（Salone del Mobile）的开始，2024年米兰国际家具展外围展（Fuorisalone 2024）作为其重要的一部分也同样备受关注。走出展厅，走进城市，2024年米兰国际家具展外围展在米兰市区包括大型广场、仓库、公园甚至废弃工厂，进行更具创意和实验性的展示。这些展示不仅局限于家具，还涉及家居生活的各个方面。

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Dissecting Maize Productivity:Ideotypes Associated with Grain Yield under Drought Stress and Well-watered Conditions

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Journal of Integrative Plant Biology 2012年第12期54卷 1007-1020页

作者： jill E.Cairns Ciro Sanchez Mateo Vargas Raziel Ordoez Jose Luis Araus Global Maize Program International Maize and Wheat Improvement Center(CIMMYT)Mexico D.F.Mexico Bioinformatics and Statistics Unit International Maize and Wheat Improvement Center(CIMMYT)Mexico D.F.Mexico Unit of Plant Physiology Department of Plant BiologyUniversity of BarcelonaBarcelonaSpain

To increase maize （Zea mays L.） yields in drought-prone environments and offset predicted maize yield losses under future climates, the development of improved breeding pipelines using a multi-disciplinary approach is essential. Elucidating key growth processes will provide opportunities to improve drought breeding progress through the identification of key phenotypic traits, ideotypes, and donors. In this study, we tested a large set of tropical and subtropical maize inbreds and single cross hybrids under reproductive stage drought stress and well-watered conditions. Patterns of biomass production, senescence, and plant water status were measured throughout the crop cycle. Under drought stress, early biomass production prior to anthesis was important for inbred yield, while delayed senescence was important for hybrid yield. Under well-watered conditions, the ability to maintain a high biomass throughout the growing cycle was crucial for inbred yield, while a stay-green pattern was important for hybrid yield. While new quantitative phenotyping tools such as spectral reflectance （Normalized Difference Vegetation Index, NDVI） allowed for the characterization of growth and senescence patterns as well as yield, qualitative measurements of canopy senescence were also found to be associated with grain yield.

关键词： Climate change drought stress ideotypes maize senescence spectral reflectance.

Controlled release of FK506 from micropatterned PLGA films:potential for application in peripheral nerve repair

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Neural Regeneration Research 2018年第7期13卷 1247-1252页

作者： Brett Davis Susan Wojtalewicz Pratima Labroo jill Shea Himanshu Sant Bruce Gale Jayant Agarwal Department of Bioengineering University of Utah Department of Surgery University of Utah Department of Mechanical Engineering University of Utah

After decades of research,peripheral nerve injury and repair still frequently results in paralysis,chronic pain and neuropathies leading to severe disability in *** clinically available nerve conduits only provide crude guidance of regenerating axons across nerve gap without additional ***506（Tacrolimus）,an FDA approved immunosuppressant,has been shown to enhance peripheral nerve regeneration but carries harsh side-effects when delivered *** objective of this study was to develop and evaluate a bioresorbable drug delivery system capable of local extended delivery of FK506 that also provides topological guidance cues to guide axon growth via *** was used to create micropatterned poly（lactide-co-glycolic acid）（PLGA） films embedded with ***-patterned,10/10 μm（ridge/groove width）,and 30/30 μm patterned films loaded with 0,1,and 3 μg/cm2 FK506 were manufactured and *** vitro FK506 rate of release testing indicated that the films are capable of an extended（at least 56 days）,controlled,and scalable release of *** extension bioactivity assay indicated that FK506 released from the films（concentration of samples tested ranged between 8.46–19.7 ng/m L） maintained its neural bioactivity and promoted neurite extension similar to control FK506 dosages（10 ng/m L FK506）.The multi-functional FK506 embedded,micropatterned poly（lactide-co-glycolic acid） films developed in this study have potential to be used in the construction of peripheral nerve repair devices.

关键词： nerve regeneration FK506 controlled release micropatterns topological cues PLGA

Physician approaches to drug shortages: Results of a national survey of pediatric hematologist/oncologists

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World Journal of Clinical Oncology 2017年第4期8卷 336-342页

作者： jill C Beck Baojiang Chen Bruce G Gordon Department of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology University of Nebraska Medical Center

AIM To evaluate personnel involved in scarce drug prioritization and distribution and the criteria used to inform drug distribution during times of shortage among pediatric hematologists/oncologists. METHODS Using the American Society of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology(ASPHO) membership list, a 20 question survey of pediatric hematologists/oncologists was conducted via email to evaluate personnel involved in scarce drug prioritization and distribution and criteria used to inform scarce drug distribution. RESULTS Nearly 65% of the 191 study respondents had patients directly affected by drug shortages. Most physicians find out about shortages from the pharmacist(n = 179, 98%) or other doctors(n = 75, 41%). One third of respondents do not know if there is a program or policy for handling drug shortages at their institution. The pharmacist was the most commonly cited decision maker for shortage drug distribution(n = 128, 70%), followed by physicians(n = 109, 60%). One fourth of respondents did not know who makes decisions about shortage drug distribution at their institution. The highest priority criterion among respondents was use of the shortage drug for curative, rather than palliative intent and lowest priority criterion was order of arrival or first-come *** Despite pediatric hematology/oncology physicians and patients being heavily impacted by drug shortages, institutional processes for handling shortages are lacking. There is significant disparity between how decisions for distribution of shortage drugs are currently made and how study respondents felt those decisions should be made. An institution-based, and more importantly, a societalapproach to drug shortages is necessary to reconcile these disparities.

关键词： Pediatric hematology/oncology Chemotherapy Ethics