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Frontiers in Biology 2009年第3期4卷 376-383页

作者： Yingying WANG Hui CHEN Huili CHEN jihua wu Key Laboratory for Biodiversity Science and Ecological Engineering of the Ministry of Education Institute of Biodiversity ScienceFudan UniversityShanghai 200433China

Oil production related activities have led to many environmental *** 80%of the total output of crude oil is generated from terrestrial oilfields in the ***,the impact of oil exploitation procedures on soil animal communities has not been fully *** study investigated the responses of soil nematode communities to the oil exploitation activities in the Yellow River Delta of *** setting 10 oilfield sites and 5 relatively uncontaminated sites(controls),we found that the content of soil total petroleum hydrocarbons(TPH)was significantly higher at oilfield sites than at *** a longer oil exploitation history,the content of soil TPH *** nematode community structure at oilfield sites was largely different from that at *** nematodes were significantly less abundant but more diverse at oilfield sites than at *** proportions of fungal feeders were significantly lower at oilfield sites than at controls,attaining only half of those at *** nematode trophic diversity and genus number negatively correlated with the duration of petroleum exploitation *** study elucidated the difference in soil nematode communities caused by oilfield exploitation and indicated that the nematode diversity was most obviously influenced by the soil TPH content and the oil exploitation history.

关键词： community composition oil exploitation history oilfield soil nematodes the Yellow River Delta

Advances in phylogenetic studies of Nematoda

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Chinese Science Bulletin 2002年第1期47卷 10-15页

作者： wu jihua LIANG Yanling ZHONG Yang FU Cuizhang CHEN Jiakuan Key Laboratory for Biodiversity Science and Ecological Engineering of the Ministry of Education Institute of Biodiversity ScienceFudan UniversityShanghai 200433China Institute of Hydrobiology Chinese Academy of SciencesWuhan 430072China

Nematoda is a metazoan group with extremely high diversity only next to Insecta. Caenorhabditis elegans is now a favorable experimental model animal in modern de-velopmental biology, genetics and genomics studies. However, the phylogeny of Nematoda and the phylogenetic position of the phylum within animal kingdom have long been in debate. Recent molecular phylogenetic studies gave great challenges to the traditional nematode classification. The new phylog-enies not only placed the Nematoda in the Ecdysozoan and divided the phylum into five clades, but also provided new insights into animal molecular identification and phyloge-netic biodiversity studies. The present paper reviews major progress and remaining problems in the current molecular phylogenetic studies of Nematoda, and prospects the devel-opmental tendencies of this field.

关键词： Nematoda metazoan phylogeny molecular phylogeny.

Responses of Soil Microbial Community Structure and Activity to Incorporation of Straws and Straw Biochars and Their Effects on Soil Respiration and Soil Organic Carbon Turnover

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Pedosphere 2019年第4期29卷 492-503页

作者： TIAN Xiaoping WANG Lei HOU Yahong WANG Han TSANG Yiu Fai wu jihua Key Laboratory of Yangtze River Water Environment Ministry of Education College of Environmental Science and Engineering Tongji University Shanghai 200092 (China) Research Institution for Shanghai Pollution Control and Ecological Security Shanghai 200092 (China) Department of Science and Environmental Studies The Education University of Hong Kong Hong Kong 999077 (China) Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Biodiverstiy Science and Ecological Engineering School of Life Sciences Fudan University Shanghai 200433 (China)

Like straw, biochar incorporation can influence soil microorganisms and enzyme activities and soil carbon(C) responses;however,few studies have compared the various effects of straw and biochar and the underlying mechanisms. An experiment was performed to study the changes in soil respiration(SR) and soil organic C(SOC) fluxes in response to the incorporation of three kinds of straw(reed, smooth cordgrass, and rice) and their pyrolyzed products(biochars) at Chongming Island, China. In addition, the microbial activity and community structure of some amended soils were also analyzed to clarify the mechanisms of these responses. The results showed that all biochar incorporation(BC) induced lower SR than the corresponding unpyrolyzed straw incorporation(ST), and the average SR in the soils following BC and ST during the experimental periods was 21.69 and 65.32 μmol CO2 m^-2s^-1, ***, the average SOC content was 16.97 g kg-1 following BC, which was higher than that(13.71 g kg-1) following ST,indicating that compared to ST, BC was a low-C strategy, even after accounting for the C loss during biochar production. Among the BC treatments, reed-BC induced the lowest SR(17.04 μmol CO2 m^-2s^-1), whereas smooth cordgrass-BC induced the highest SR(27.02 μmol CO2 m^-2s^-1). Furthermore, in contrast with ST, BC significantly increased the abundance of some bacteria with poorer mineralization or better humification ability, which led to lower SR. The lower easily oxidizable C(EOC) and higher total C contents of biochars induced lower SR and higher SOC in the soil following BC compared to that following ST. Among the BC treatments,the higher total nitrogen content of rice biochar led to significantly higher soil microbial biomass, and the lower EOC content of reed biochar led to lower soil microbial activity and SR.

关键词： easily oxidizable carbon soil fertility soil microbial abundance soil microbial biomass soil microbial diversity soil organic carbon decomposition

Variability of soil organic carbon reservation capability between coastal salt marsh and riverside freshwater wetland in Chongming Dongtan and its microbial mechanism

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2012年第6期24卷 1053-1063页

作者： Yu Hu Yanli Li Lei Wang Yushu Tang Jinhai Chen Xiaohua Fu Yiquan Le jihua wu State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse College of Environmental Science and EngineeringTongji UniversityShanghai 200092China School of Life Science Fudan UniversityShanghai 200433China

Two representative zones in Chongming Dongtan which faced the Yangtze River and East China Sea respectively were selected to study the variability of soil organic carbon （SOC） reservation capability between coastal wetland and riverside wetland in the Chongming Dongtan wetland as well as its mechanism by analyzing soil characteristics and plant *** results showed the SOC content of riverside wetland was only 48.61% （P=0.000 〈 0.05） that of coastal *** the organic matter inputs from plant litter of the coastal wetland and riverside wetland were approximately the same,the higher soil microbial respiration （SMR） of riverside wetland led to its lower SOC reservation *** the riverside wetland,the high soil microbial biomass,higher proportion of β-Proteobacteria,which have strong carbon metabolism activity and the existence of some specific aerobic heterotrophic bacteria such as Bacilli and uncultured Lactococcus,were the important reasons for the higher SMR compared to the coastal *** were additional differences in soil physical and chemical characteristics between the coastal wetland and riverside *** analysis of predominant bacteria and microbial biomass showed that soil salinity influenced β-Proteobacteria and microbial biomass most negatively among these physical and chemical *** the low salinity of the riverside area was suitable for the growth of microorganisms,especially β-Proteobacteria and some specific bacteria,which led to the high SMR and low SOC reservation capability when compared to the coastal area.

关键词： soil organic carbon carbon reservation capability community diversity coastal wetland riverside wetland ChongmingDongtan

A global synthesis of the effectiveness and ecological impacts of management interventions for Spartina species

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Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering 2023年第11期17卷 263-272页

作者： Shengyu Wang Philip A.Martin Yan Hao William J.Sutherland Gorm E.Shackelford jihua wu Ruiting Ju Wenneng Zhou Bo Li Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Biodiversity Science and Ecological Engineering National Observations and Research Station of Wetland Ecosystems of the Yangtze EstuaryInstitute of Biodiversity Science and Institute of Eco-ChongmingSchool of Life SciencesFudan UniversityShanghai 200438China Biosecurity Research Initiative at St Catharine’s(BioRISC) St Catharine’s CollegeUniversity of CambridgeCambridgeCB21RLUK Conservation Science Group Department of ZoologyUniversity of CambridgeCambridgeCB23QZUK State Key Laboratory of Grassland Agro-Ecosystems and College of Ecology Lanzhou UniversityLanzhou 730000China Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Water Quality Improvement and Ecological Restoration for Watersheds School of EcologyEnvironment and ResourcesGuangdong University of TechnologyGuangzhou 510006China Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Transboundary Ecosecurity of Southwest China Yunnan Key Laboratory of Plant Reproductive AdaptationEvolutionary Ecology and Centre for Invasion BiologyInstitute of BiodiversitySchool of Ecology and Environmental ScienceYunnan UniversityKunming 650504China

Invasions by Spartina species pose serious threats to global coastal *** many studies have examined the effectiveness and ecological impacts of invasive Spartina management,no comprehensive global synthesis has been conducted to assess the effects of management on Spartina per se and on wider ***,we conducted a global meta-analysis of 3,459 observations from 102 studies to quantify the effects of different management interventions(physical,chemical,biological,and integrated control)on Spartina per se and native biodiversity and *** found that physical measures quickly suppressed Spartina but that their effectiveness declined over *** contrast,chemical measures decreased the abundance and growth of Spartina to a lesser degree in the early stage,but the effectiveness increased over *** management measures did not significantly decrease the diversity of native biota on the whole,but native-plant diversity significantly decreased with time after physical *** management measures did not affect abiotic factors *** results support the use of chemical measures to control invasive Spartina,although their effectiveness would depend on the time since the management *** the problem of Spartina regrowth following physical control requires improved *** hold that initial states of invaders and subsequent environmental changes after management interventions should be weighed in evaluating control efficacy.

关键词： Plant invasion Biodiversity Meta-analysis Restoration Salt marshes Treatment timing

Cultivation Techniques for High-quality and High-yield Spring Peanut in East Henan Province

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Agricultural Biotechnology 2019年第1期8卷 61-63页

作者： Ruhong FU jihua wu Shangqiu Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences

Groundnut,also known as peanut,has high economic and medicinal value. A member of the legume crops,it is rich in various nutrients and is one of the main oil crops for processing high-quality edible oil. Compared with other cash crops,planting peanuts can bring greater economic benefits to farmers. In this paper,we summarized techniques of cultivating spring peanut in open fields for years,and explored the problems and difficulties in the cultivation management process,in order to provide technical guidance for the farmers to carry out high-yield spring peanut production.

关键词： Spring peanut Cultivation High quality High yield Technique

Study on Key Techniques for Precise and Quantitative, Stable and High Yield Cultivation of Peanuts in Eastern Henan Region

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Agricultural Biotechnology 2019年第2期8卷 94-95,103页

作者： Ruhong FU jihua wu Shangqiu Academy of Agriculture and Forestry

Peanut is a main industrial crop in the eastern Henan region. Its benefits directly affect the economic income of local farmers. Therefore, scientific cultivation of peanuts is an important way to increase farmers' income in the eastern Henan region. This paper firstly introduced the key techniques for precise and quantitative, stable and high yield cultivation of peanuts in the eastern Henan region. From the field selection, scientific seed selection, precise quantitative sowing, fertilizer and water management, chemical control technologies, prevention and control of pests and diseases, and timely harvesting, it made an in-depth analysis. It is expected to provide data references for further improvement of stale and high yield cultivation technical system, and provide technical guidance for raising the peanut planting level of peanut growers.

关键词： Peanut High yield Cultivation technique Yingquan District

Trophic relationships in the Changjiang River estuarine salt marshes: preliminary investigation from δ^(13)C and δ^(15)N analysis

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Acta Oceanologica Sinica 2009年第3期28卷 50-58页

作者： QUAN Weimin HUANG Danqing CHU Tianjiang SHENG Qiang FU Cuizhang CHEN Jiakuan wu jihua Coastal Ecosystems Research Station of Yangtze River Estuary Ministry of EducationKey Laboratory for Biodiversity Science and Ecological Engineering Fudan UniversityShanghai 200433 China

To obtain information on food web structure in salt marshes of the Changjiang （Yangtze） River Estuary, the （ δ3C and δ15N values of primary producers and consumers were determined. The mean δ13C values of 31 dominant consumers ranged from -23.13‰ to -14.37‰. Except for several species （ Eriocheir sinensis, Sinonovacula constricta and Potamocorbula ustulata）, consumers had interme- diate δ13C values between those of benthic microalgae and Spartina alterniflora. The mean δ15N values of 31 dominant consumers varied between 6.87‰ and 13.33‰, which indicate three trophic levels in salt marshes of the Changjiang River Estuary. A total of 18 macroinvertebrates species and four fish species represented primary consumers with trophic levels ranging from 2.0 to 2.7. Secondary consumers included two maeroinvertebrates and seven fishes with trophic levels varying between 3.0 and 3.9. The consumers were divided into three trophic guilds, i.e., detritivorous/algae feeders, omnivores and carnivores. The detrital food chain was the main energy flow pathway in the salt marsh food web of the Changjiang River Estuary, and the marsh vascular plants were at least as equally important as microphytobenthos for secondary production. The important trophic function of the salt marsh habitats in the estuary is revealed.

关键词： energy base food web salt marshes stable isotope trophic level Changjiang River Estuary

Effects of Winter Harvesting and Salinity on the Structure of Regrowing Reed Stands

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American Journal of Plant Sciences 2014年第21期5卷 3250-3257页

作者： Mingyao Huang Qiang Sheng jihua wu Xiaoyun Pan Coastal Ecosystems Research Station of Yangtze River Estuary Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Biodiversity Science and Ecological Engineering Institute of Biodiversity Science Fudan University Shanghai China

Harvest and salinity are two important factors of the growth of common reed (Phragmites australis). We here examined the different impact of winter harvest treatment on the Phragmites australis between high and low salinity (mean soil electrical conductivity is 7.87 ms/cm and 0.91 ms/cm) areas in Dongtan wetland of Yangtze River estuary, China. We measured phenology, Shoot density, stem diameter and height, biomass (total, aboveground and belowground biomass) and spike weight. At high salinity areas, harvest significantly inhibited the individual growth of stem height yet enhanced ramet density, and consequently led to an insignificant change in aboveground biomass. The belowground parts of reed were significantly inhibited. The root shoot ratio and the proportion of asexual reproduction decreased significantly. At low salinity areas, however, winter harvest generally has no significant influence on reed growth. Our results suggest that the winter harvest management may cause a decline of reed populations in the long term under condition of high salinity;however winter harvesting can be suggested as a proper management for sustainable utilization of reed communities at low salinity areas.

关键词： Management Biomass Phenology Allometry

NEWLY RECORDED SPECIES OF FREE-LIVING NEMATODES FROM CHINA (CHROMADORIDA,ENOPLIDA & ARAEOLAIMIDA)

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水生生物学报 1997年第4期21卷 319-321页

作者： wu jihua Liang Yanling and Sun Xida (Institute of Hydrobiology, the Chinese Academy of Sciences, wuhang 430072) (Department of Biology, Hangzhou Normal College, Hangzhou 310012)

The present paper embodies 11 species belonging to Chromadorida, Enoplida and Araeolaimida. All of these species are recorded from China for the first time. The genera Achromadora, Ironus, Triplina, Cylindrolaimus and... 详细信息

关键词： Free-living nemotodes Chromadorida Enoplida Araeolaimida New records