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Positional cloning and characterization reveal the role of a miRNA precursor gene ZmLRT in the regulation of lateral root number and drought tolerance in maize

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Journal of Integrative Plant Biology 2023年第3期65卷 772-790页

作者： Ming Zhang Yanhong Chen Hongyan xing Wensheng Ke Yunlu Shi Zhipeng Sui Ruibin Xu Lulu Gao Ganggang Guo Jiansheng Li jiewen xing Yirong Zhang State Key Laboratory for Agrobiotechnology Key Laboratory of Crop Heterosis and Utilization(MOE)Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic ImprovementChina Agricultural UniversityBeijing 100193China Agronomy College of Shandong Agricultural University Taian 271018China Key L aboratory of Crop Germplasm Resources and Utilization(MARA) Institute of Crop SciencesChinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesBeijing 100081China Center for Crop Functional Genomics and Molecular Breeding China Agricultural UniversityBeijing 100193China Yantai Science and Technology Innovation Promotion Center Yantai 264003China Beijing Key Laboratory of Maize DNA Fingerprinting and Molecular Breeding Maize Research InstituteBeijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry SciencesBeijing 100097China National Maize Improvement Center of China China Agricultural UniversityBeijing 100193China

Lateral roots play essential roles in drought tolerance in maize(Zea mays L.). However, the genetic basis for the variation in the number of lateral roots in maize remains elusive. Here, we identified a major quantitative trait locus(QTL),q LRT5-1, controlling lateral root number using a recombinant inbred population from a cross between the maize lines Zong3(with many lateral roots) and 87-1(with few lateral roots).Fine-mapping and functional analysis determined that the candidate gene for qLRT5-1,ZmLRT, expresses the primary transcript for the microRNA miR166a. ZmLRT was highly expressed in root tips and lateral root primordia,and knockout and overexpression of ZmLRT increased and decreased lateral root number,respectively. Compared with 87-1, the ZmLRT gene model of Zong3 lacked the second and third exons and contained a 14 bp deletion at the junction between the first exon and intron,which altered the splicing site. In addition,ZmLRT expression was significantly lower in Zong3 than in 87-1, which might be attributed to the insertions of a transposon and over large DNA fragments in the Zong3 ZmLRT promoter region. These mutations decreased the abundance of mature miR166a in Zong3, resulting in increased lateral roots at the seedling stage.Furthermore, miR166a post-transcriptionally repressed five development-related class-Ⅲ homeodomain-leucine zipper genes. Moreover,knockout of ZmLRT enhanced drought tolerance of maize seedlings. Our study furthers our understanding of the genetic basis of lateral root number variation in maize and highlights ZmLRT as a target for improving drought tolerance in maize.

关键词： drought tolerance lateral root number maize miRNA precursor QTL mapping

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TaANR1-TaMADS25 module regulates lignin biosynthesis and root development in wheat(Triticum aestivum L.)

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Journal of Genetics and Genomics 2023年第11期50卷 917-920页

作者： Weiya Xu Yongming Chen Bin Liu Qiuyuan Li Yilan Zhou Xuanshuang Li Weilong Guo Zhaorong Hu Zhenshan Liu Mingming Xin Yingyin Yao Mingshan You Huiru Peng Zhongfu Ni jiewen xing Key Laboratory of Crop Heterosis and Utilization(MOE) Beijing Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic ImprovementChina Agricultural UniversityBeijing 100193China State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas College of AgronomyNorthwest A&F UniversityYanglingShaanxi 712100China

Common wheat is a staple food for 35%of the global population,therefore increasing wheat yield in an ever-changing environment is essential for food security in the present day(Peng et al.,2011).Root system is responsible for water and nutrient acquisition,thus crucial for competitive fitness and crop yield in challenging environments(Karlova et al.,2021;Liu et al.,2022).Over the past decades,extensive research has focused on identifying genes accountable for root growth and development in plants(Rogers and Benfey,2015).However,only a limited number of genes have been cloned in wheat(Li et al.,2021).

关键词： wheat environments Root

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The TaTCP4/10-B1 cascade regulates awn elongation in wheat(Triticum aestivum L.)

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Plant Communications 2023年第4期4卷 255-270页

作者： Wensheng Ke jiewen xing Zhaoyan Chen Yidi Zhao Weiya Xu Lulu Tian Jinquan Guo Xiaoming Xie Dejie Du Zihao Wang Yufeng Li Jin Xu Mingming Xin Weilong Guo Zhaorong Hu Zhenqi Su Jie Liu Huiru Peng Yingyin Yao Qixin Sun Zhongfu Ni Frontiers Science Center for Molecular Design Breeding Key Laboratory of Crop Heterosis and Utilization(MOE)Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic ImprovementChina Agricultural UniversityBeijing 100193China

Awns are important morphological markers for wheat and exert a strong physiological effect on wheat yield.The awn elongation suppressor B1 has recently been cloned through association and linkage analysis in wheat.However,the mechanism of awn inhibition centered around B1 remains to be clarified.Here,we identified an allelic variant in the coding region of B1 through analysis of re-sequencing data;this variant causes an amino acid substitution and premature termination,resulting in a long-awn phenotype.Transcriptome analysis indicated that B1 inhibited awn elongation by impeding cytokinin-and auxinpromoted cell division.Moreover,B1 directly repressed the expression of TaRAE2 and TaLks2,whose orthologs have been reported to promote awn development in rice or barley.More importantly,we found that TaTCP4 and TaTCP10 synergistically inhibited the expression of B1,and a G-to-A mutation in the B1 promoter attenuated its inhibition by TaTCP4/10.Taken together,our results reveal novel mechanisms of awn development and provide genetic resources for trait improvement in wheat.

关键词： TaTCP4/10 B1 awn length haplotype wheat

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Ectopic expression of VRT-A2 underlies the origin of Triticum polonicum and Triticum petropavlovskyi with long outer glumes and grains

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Molecular Plant 2021年第9期14卷 1472-1488页

作者： Jing Liu Zhaoyan Chen Zhihui Wang Zhaoheng Zhang Xiaoming Xie Zihao Wang Lingling Chai Long Song Xuejiao Cheng Man Feng Xiaobo Wang Yanhong Liu Zhaorong Hu jiewen xing Zhenqi Su Huiru Peng Mingming Xin Yingyin Yao Weilong Guo Qixin Sun Jie Liu Zhongfu Ni State Key Laboratory for Agrobiotechnology and Key Laboratory of Crop Heterosis and Utilization(MOE)and Beijing Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement China Agricultural UniversityBeijing 100193P.R.China

Polish wheat (Triticum polonicum) is a unique tetraploid wheat species characterized by an elongated outer glume. The genetic control of the long-glume trait by a single semi-dominant locus, P1 (from Polish wheat), was established more than 100 years ago, but the underlying causal gene and molecular nature remain elusive. Here, we report the isolation of VRT-A2, encoding an SVP-clade MADS-box transcription factor, as the P1 candidate gene. Genetic evidence suggests that in T. polonicum, a naturally occurring sequence rearrangement in the intron-1 region of VRT-A2 leads to ectopic expression of VRT-A2 in floral organs where the long-glume phenotype appears. Interestingly, we found that the intron-1 region is a key ON/OFF molecular switch for VRT-A2 expression, not only because it recruits transcriptional repressors, but also because it confers intron-mediated transcriptional enhancement. Genotypic analyses using wheat accessions indicated that the P1 locus is likely derived from a single natural mutation in tetraploid wheat, which was subsequently inherited by hexaploid T. petropavlovskyi. Taken together, our findings highlight the promoter-proximal intron variation as a molecular basis for phenotypic differentiation, and thus species formation in Triticum plants.

关键词： long glume P1 species differentiation T.polonicum VRT-A2

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Mutual regulation of microglia and astrocytes after Gas6 inhibits spinal cord injury

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第2期20卷 557-573页

作者： jiewen Chen Xiaolin Zeng Le Wang Wenwu Zhang Gang Li xing Cheng Peiqiang Su Yong Wan Xiang Li Department of Spine Surgery The First Affiliated HospitalSun Yat-sen UniversityGuangzhouGuangdong ProvinceChina Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Orthopedics and Traumatology GuangzhouGuangdong ProvinceChina

Invasive inflammation and excessive scar formation are the main reasons for the difficulty in repairing nervous tissue after spinal cord injury.Microglia and astrocytes play key roles in the spinal cord injury micro-environment and share a close interaction.However,the mechanisms involved remain unclear.In this study,we found that after spinal cord injury,resting microglia(M0)were polarized into pro-inflammatory phenotypes(MG1 and MG3),while resting astrocytes were polarized into reactive and scar-forming phenotypes.The expression of growth arrest-specific 6(Gas6)and its receptor Axl were significantly down-regulated in microglia and astrocytes after spinal cord injury.In vitro experiments showed that Gas6 had negative effects on the polarization of reactive astrocytes and pro-inflammatory microglia,and even inhibited the cross-regulation between them.We further demonstrated that Gas6 can inhibit the polarization of reactive astrocytes by suppressing the activation of the Yes-associated protein signaling pathway.This,in turn,inhibited the polarization of pro-inflammatory microglia by suppressing the activation of the nuclear factor-κB/p65 and Janus kinase/signal transducer and activator of transcription signaling pathways.In vivo experiments showed that Gas6 inhibited the polarization of pro-inflammatory microglia and reactive astrocytes in the injured spinal cord,thereby promoting tissue repair and motor function recovery.Overall,Gas6 may play a role in the treatment of spinal cord injury.It can inhibit the inflammatory pathway of microglia and polarization of astrocytes,attenuate the interaction between microglia and astrocytes in the inflammatory microenvironment,and thereby alleviate local inflammation and reduce scar formation in the spinal cord.

关键词： astrocytes Axl cell polarization Gas6 Hippo signal inflammatory micro-environment intercellular interaction microglia single-cell sequencing spinal cord injury

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Ectopic overexpression of maize(Zea mays L.) ZmEBP1 gene enhanced organ size in Arabidopsis thaliana

Ectopic overexpression of maize(Zea mays L.) ZmEBP1 gene enh...

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第十四届全国植物基因组学大会

作者： Tianya Wang Baojian Guo jiewen xing Yingyin Yao Huiru Peng Qixin Sun Zhongfu Ni State Key Laboratory for Agrobiotechnology China Agricultural UniversityNational Plant Gene Research Centre(Beijing)Key Laboratory of Crop Heterosis and UtilizationMinistry of EducationBeijing Key Laboratory of Crop Geneticlmprovement

High-yield crops are the main goal that crop breeders have been striving for.As an important trait,organ size determines the level of production in large extent.EBP1,an ErbB-3 epidermal growth factor receptor binding ... 详细信息

关键词： maize EBP1 organ size gene cloning overexpression

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GCN5 contributes to stem cuticular wax biosynthesis by histone acetylation of CER3 in Arabidopsis

GCN5 contributes to stem cuticular wax biosynthesis by histo...

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中国植物学会第十六次全国会员代表大会暨85周年学术年会

作者： Tianya Wang jiewen xing Xinye Liu Yingyin Yao Zhaorong Hu Huiru Peng Mingming Xin Daoxiu Zhou Yirong Zhang Zhongfu Ni Key Laboratory of Molecular Epigenetics of Ministry of Education Northeast Normal University State Key Laboratory for Agrobiotechnology Key Laboratory of Crop Heterosis and Utilization (MOE)Beijing Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic ImprovementChina Agricultural University National Plant Gene Research Centre (Beijing) Department of Plant Genetics & Breeding China Agricultural University Cell and Developmental Biology Department John Innes CentreNorwich Research Park Institute of Plant Science Paris-Saclay Université Paris Sud National Maize Improvement Centre of China China Agricultural University

Cuticular wax is a major composition of plant surface cuticle,which exerts crucial functions in optimizing plant growth.Histone acetylation regulates gene expressions in diverse biological processes,but its role in cuticular wax synthesis is not well understood.Here we observed that mutations of the Arabidopsis histone acetyltransferase GENERAL CONTROL NON-REPRESSED PROTEIN5（GCN5） impaired stem cuticular wax accumulation.Three target genes of GCN5,ECERIFERUM3（CER3）,CER26 and CER1-LIKE1（CER1-L1）,were identified by RNA-Seq and ChIP assays.Consistently,H3 K9/14 acetylation levels at promoter regions of CER3,CER26 and CER1-L1 were significantly decreased in the gcn5-2 mutant as compared to the wild type.Notably,overexpression of CER3 in the gcn5-2 mutant rescued the stem cuticular wax biosynthesis defect.Collectively,these data demonstrate that GCN5 is involved in stem cuticular wax accumulation by modulating CER3 expression via H3 K9/14 acetylation,which underlines the important role of histone acetylation in cuticular wax biosynthesis.

关键词： GCN5 wax biosynthesis CER3 histone acetylation stem Arabidopsis thaliana

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Comparative proteomic analysis of embryos between a maize hybrid and its parental lines during early stages of seed germination

Comparative proteomic analysis of embryos between a maize hy...

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第十四届全国植物基因组学大会

作者： Baojian Guo Yanhong Chen Guiping Zhang jiewen xing Zhaorong Hu Wanjun Feng Yingyin Yao Huiru Peng Zhongfu Ni Qixin Sun State Key Laboratory for Agrobiotechnology China Agricultural UniversityNational Plant Gene Research Centre(Beijing)Key Laboratory of Crop Heterosis and UtilizationMinistry of EducationBeijing Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement

In spite of commercial use of heterosis in agriculture,the molecular basis of heterosis is poorly understood.Maize hybrid Zong3/87-1 exhibited an earlier onset or heterosis in radicle emergence.To get insights into the underlying mechanism of heterosis in radicle emergence,differential proteomic analysis between hybrid and its parental

关键词： heterosis ZmACT2 protein

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不同菌种发酵对藜麦蛋白质特性及脂质构成的影响

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中国农业科学 2020年第10期53卷 2045-2054页

作者：延莎邢洁雯王晓闻山西农业大学食品科学与工程学院

【目的】比较不同菌种发酵对藜麦蛋白质水解及脂质变化的影响,为藜麦发酵食品的开发提供理论参考。【方法】以藜麦为原料,加入不同菌种(酵母菌、植物乳杆菌及其混合菌)进行发酵,通过测定蛋白水解指数、蛋白质各组分、游离氨基酸、游离... 详细信息

【目的】比较不同菌种发酵对藜麦蛋白质水解及脂质变化的影响,为藜麦发酵食品的开发提供理论参考。【方法】以藜麦为原料,加入不同菌种(酵母菌、植物乳杆菌及其混合菌)进行发酵,通过测定蛋白水解指数、蛋白质各组分、游离氨基酸、游离脂肪酸及脂质构成来判定发酵效果,确认哪种微生物更有利于藜麦营养成分的转化。【结果】经酵母、植物乳杆菌、酵母和植物乳杆菌混合菌发酵后,藜麦蛋白质水解指数均有所升高,且主要是清蛋白和球蛋白发生了水解。发酵后藜麦中的游离氨基酸含量增加显著,尤其是必需氨基酸。酵母发酵藜麦更有利于蛋白质、多肽等水解成氨基酸。通过发酵处理,藜麦中的游离脂肪酸含量显著增加,且饱和脂肪酸、单不饱和脂肪酸、多不饱和脂肪酸的比例更为接近1﹕1﹕1;甘油三酯、甘油二酯含量降低,但磷脂等功能脂的含量有所提高,且有酵母菌参与更有利于上述转化。【结论】酵母菌、植物乳杆菌发酵过程中主要水解藜麦清蛋白和球蛋白成氨基酸等小分子化合物,且游离必需氨基酸含量显著升高;两种菌发酵后都有利于增加游离脂肪酸含量,降低甘油三酯、甘油二酯含量,且提高磷脂的含量。经酵母发酵,更有利于改善藜麦营养。

关键词：藜麦发酵蛋白质脂质

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Oxidation of Cr(Ⅲ) on birnessite surfaces: The effect of goethite and kaolinite

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2015年第11期27卷 8-14页

作者： Laiyuan Zhong jiewen Yang Liming Liu Baoshan xing Department of Resources and Environmental Sciences College of Agriculture Guangdong Ocean University Stockbridge School of Agriculture University of Massachusetts Department of Land Resources Management College of Resources and Environmental Sciences China Agricultural University

Oxidation of Cr（Ⅲ） by manganese oxides may pose a potential threat to environments due to the formation of toxic Cr（Ⅵ） species. At present, it was still unclear whether the extent of Cr（Ⅲ） oxidation and fate of Cr（Ⅵ） would be changed when manganese oxides co-exist with other minerals, the case commonly occurring in soils. This study investigated the influence of goethite and kaolinite on Cr（Ⅲ） oxidation by birnessite under acidic p H condition（p H 3.5）and background electrolyte of 0.01 mol/L Na Cl. Goethite was found not to affect Cr（Ⅲ）oxidation, which was interpreted as the result of overwhelming adsorption of cationic Cr（Ⅲ） onto the negatively-charged birnessite（point of zero charge（PZC）〈 3.0） rather than the positively-charged goethite（PZC = 8.8）. However, more Cr（Ⅵ） would be retained by the surface with the increase in addition of goethite because of its strong ability on adsorption of Cr（Ⅵ） at low p H. Moreover, either Cr（Ⅲ） oxidation or distribution of the generated Cr（Ⅵ）between the solid and solution phases was not affected by kaolinite（PZC 〈 3.0）, indicating its low affinity for Cr species. Reactions occurring in the present mixed systems were suggested, which could be partly representative of those in the soils and further indicates that the mobility and risk of Cr（Ⅵ） would be decreased if goethite was present.

关键词： Cr（Ⅲ） oxidation Birnessite Goethite Kaolinite

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