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Science China(Information Sciences) 2024年第2期67卷 267-278页

作者： Guofang YU Renrong LIANG Haiming ZHAO Lei XIAO jie cui Yue ZHAO Wenpu cui Jing WANG Jun XU Jun FU Tianling REN School of Integrated Circuits Tsinghua University Beijing National Research Center for Information Science Technology Tsinghua University

Surface acoustic wave(SAW) resonators with an ultrahigh Q-factor are designed and fabricated on silicon-based gallium nitride(GaN/Si). The temperature-dependent performance is characterized over a wide range, from 10 to 500 K. Finite element analysis is employed to guide the design of the SAW resonator from indications of the Rayleigh mode and weak propagation direction dependence of SAW in the c-plane of GaN/Si. The SAW resonator with 100 pairs of interdigital transducers(IDT), 100 pairs of grating reflectors(GR) for each side, aperture size of 80 μm, metallization ratio of 0.5, and electrode width of 500 nm resonates at 1.9133 GHz accordingly with an ultrahigh Q-factor of 7622 at room temperature, which contributes the fr× Qr, up to 14.583×1012Hz. A resonator operating over 10 to 500 K indicates an approximately linear decreasing temperature dependence above 280 K while being approximately constant below 40 K. The fitting to resonator characteristics using the modified Butterworth Van Dyke(m BVD) model reveals a reduction in both the electrode and mechanical losses while worsening the dielectric loss with cooling down.

关键词： GaN/Si SAW resonator ultrahigh Q-factor temperature-dependent performance mBVD losses

Endogenous retrovirus activation: potential for immunology and clinical applications

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National Science Review 2024年第4期11卷 21-23页

作者： Jundan Yu Peishan Qiu Jingwen Ai Bo Liu Guan-Zhu Han Fan Zhu Wenhong Zhang jie cui Department of Infectious Diseases Shanghai Key Laboratory of Infectious Diseases and Biosafety Emergency Response National Medical Center for Infectious Diseases Huashan Hospital Shanghai Medical College Fudan University CAS Key Laboratory of Molecular Virology &Immunology Shanghai Institute of Immunity and Infection Chinese Academy of Sciences University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Shanghai Huashen Institute of Microbes and Infections College of Life Sciences Nanjing Normal University State Key Laboratory of Virology and Department of Medical Microbiology School of Basic Medical SciencesWuhan University The Institute of Infection and Health Research Fudan University Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Virology(MOE/MOH) Shanghai Medical CollegeFudan University Laboratory for Marine Biology and Biotechnology Qingdao Marine Science and Technology Center

Endogenous retroviruses (ERVs), the remnants of ancient retrovirus infections, constitute approximately 8% of the human genome and play important roles in human evolution, development,and diseases. Multiple drugs, such as DNA methyltransferase inhibitors and lysine-specific histone demethylase 1inhibitors, reactivate ERVs, induce viral mimicry and trigger innate immune responses to enhance tumor immunogenicity.

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Multistep Desolvation as a Fundamental Principle Governing Peptide Self-Assembly Through Liquid-Liquid Phase Separation

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CCS Chemistry 2024年第1期6卷 255-265页

作者： Chengqian Yuan Ruirui Xing jie cui Wei Fan Junbai Li Xuehai Yan State Key Laboratory of Biochemical Engineering Institute of Process EngineeringChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100190 School of Chemical Engineering University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100049 Analysis and Test Center Institute of ChemistryChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100190 Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences CAS Key Laboratory of ColloidInterface and Chemical ThermodynamicsInstitute of ChemistryChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100190 Center for Mesoscience Institute of Process EngineeringChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100190

Biomolecular self-assembly based on peptides and proteins is a general phenomenon encountered in natural and synthetic systems.Liquid–liquid phase separation(LLPS)is intimately involved in biomolecular self-assembly,yet the key factors at a molecular scale activating or modulating such a process remain largely elusive.Herein,we discovered in our experiments that multistep desolvation is fundamental to the formation and evolution of peptide-rich droplets:The first step was partial desolvation of peptides to form peptide clusters,and the second step was selective desolvation of hydrophobic groups within clusters to trigger LLPS and the formation of peptiderich droplets,followed by complete desolvation of droplets,initiating the nucleation of peptide selfassembly.Manipulation of the degree of desolvation at different stages was an effective strategy to control the self-assembly pathways and polymorphisms.This study sheds light on the molecular origin of LLPS-mediated self-assembly distinct from classical one-step self-assembly and paves the way for the precise control of supramolecular self-assembly.

关键词： peptide liquid-liquid phase separation multistep desolvation nanostructures self-assembly

Multiwavelength Observations of the Infrared Dust Bubble N75 and its Surroundings

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Research in Astronomy and Astrophysics 2024年第4期24卷 262-270页

作者： Quan-Ling cui Chuan-Peng Zhang Jun-jie Wang National Astronomical Observatories Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100101China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China College of Science Qiqihar UniversityQiqihar 161006China Guizhou Radio Astronomical Observatory Guizhou UniversityGuiyang 550000China

Infrared dust bubbles play an important role in the study of star formation and the evolution of the interstellar medium.In this work,we study the infrared dust bubble N75 and the infrared dark cloud G38.93 mainly using the tracers C^(18)O,HCO^(+),HNC and N_(2)H^(+)observed by the 30 m IRAM telescope.We also study the targets using data from large-scale surveys:GLIMPSE,MIPSGAL,GRS,NRAO VLA Sky Survey and Bolocam Galactic Plane Survey.We found that the C^(18)O emission is morphologically similar to the Spitzer IRAC 8.0μm emission.The1.1 mm cold dust emission of G38.93 shows an elongated structure from southwest to northeast.The ionized gas from G38.93 is surrounded by polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon emission,which may be excited by radiation from G38.93.We found that the identified young stellar objects tend to cluster around G38.93 and are mostly in class II with several class I cases distributed around N75,but no class II examples.We also found evidence of expanding feedback,which could have triggered star formation.

关键词： ISM:bubbles infrared:ISM galaxies:star formation

Possible Habitats for NH_(3),NH_(2)D,H^(13)CN,HC^(15)N,SO,and C^(18)O in the Initial Conditions of High-mass Star Formation

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Research in Astronomy and Astrophysics 2024年第4期24卷 237-252页

The initial condition of high-mass star formation is a complex area of study because of the high densities(n_(H_(2))>106cm^(-3))and low temperatures(T_(dust)<18 K)involved.Under such conditions,many molecules become depleted from the gas phase by freezing out onto dust grains.However,the N-bearing and deuterated species could remain gaseous under these extreme conditions,suggesting that they may serve as ideal tracers.In this paper,using the Plateau de Bure Interferometer and Very Large Array observations at 1.3 mm,3.5 mm,and 1.3 cm,we investigate the possible habitats for NH_(3),NH_(2)D,H^(13)CN,HC^(15)N,SO,and C^(18)O in eight massive precluster and protocluster clumps G18.17,G18.21,G23.97N,G23.98,G23.44,G23.97S,G25.38,and G25.71.We found that the NH3cores are in good agreement with the 3.5 mm peak emission,but the NH_(3)is much more extended than the 3.5 mm emission structure.The SO distributions agree well with the 3.5 mm peaks for the evolved star formation stage,but we did not detect any SO emission in the four earliest star formation sources.C^(18)O is a poor tracer in conditions of the cold(■18 K)and dense(■10^(4)cm^(-3))cores,e.g.,the prestellar cores.We also found that the NH_(2)D cores are mainly located in the temperature range of 13.0-20.0 K,and the NH_(2)D lines may be strongly depleted above 20 K.

关键词： galaxies:star formation techniques:interferometric methods:observational

NFT Security Matrix:Towards Modeling NFT Ecosystem Threat

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Computer Modeling in Engineering & Sciences 2024年第6期139卷 3255-3285页

作者： Peng Liao Chaoge Liu jie Yin Zhi Wang Xiang cui Key Laboratory of Trustworthy Distributed Computing and Service Beijing University of Posts and TelecommunicationsBeijing100876China Zhongguancun Laboratory Beijing100094China Institute of Information Engineering Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100085China

Digital assets have boomed over the past few years with the emergence of Non-fungible Tokens(NFTs).To be specific,the total trading volume of digital assets reached an astounding$55.5 billion in 2022.Nevertheless,numerous security concerns have been raised by the rapid expansion of the NFT ecosystem.NFT holders are exposed to a plethora of scams and traps,putting their digital assets at risk of being lost.However,academic research on NFT security is scarce,and the security issues have aroused rare attention.In this study,the NFT ecological process is comprehensively explored.This process falls into five different stages encompassing the entire lifecycle of NFTs.Subsequently,the security issues regarding the respective stage are elaborated and analyzed in depth.A matrix model is proposed as a novel contribution to the categorization of NFT security issues.Diverse data are collected from social networks,the Ethereum blockchain,and NFT markets to substantiate our claims regarding the severity of security concerns in the NFT ecosystem.From this comprehensive dataset,nine key NFT security issues are identified from the matrix model and then subjected to qualitative and quantitative analysis.This study aims to shed light on the severity of NFT ecosystem security issues.The findings stress the need for increased attention and proactive measures to safeguard the NFT ecosystem.

关键词： Non-fungible token blockchain cyber security

Determination of the critical rainfall of runoff-initiated debris flows by the perspective of physical mechanics and Shields stress

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Journal of Mountain Science 2024年第4期21卷 1160-1173页

作者： MA Chao ZHU Yongtai LU Lu DU cui LYU Liqun DONG jie School of Soil and Water Conservation Beijing Forestry UniversityBeijing 100083China Beijing Institute of Geological Hazard Prevention Beijing 100120China School of Software Engineering Chengdu University of Information TechnologyChengdu610225China Civil and Environmental Engineering Department Clarkson UniversityNY 13699USA

The critical rainfall of runoff-initiated debris flows is utmost importance for local early hazard forecasting.This paper presents research on the critical rainfall of runoff-initiated debris flows through comparisons between slope gradients and three key factors,including topographic contributing area,dimensionless discharge,and Shields stress.The rainfall amount was estimated by utilizing in-situ rainfall records and a slope-dependent Shields stress model was created.The created model can predict critical Shields stress more accurately than the other two models.Furthermore,a new dimensionless discharge equation was proposed based on the corresponding discharge-gradient datasets.The new equation,along with factors such as contributing area above bed failure sites,channel width,and mean diameter of debris flow deposits,predicts a smaller rainfall amount than the in-situ measured records.Although the slope-dependent Shields stress model performs well and the estimated rainfall amount is lower than the in-situ records,the sediment initiation in the experiments falls within sheet flow regime due to a large Shields stress.Therefore,further sediment initiation experiments at a steeper slope range are expected in the future to ensure that the sediment transport belongs to mass failure regime characterized by a low level of Shields stress.Finally,a more accurate hazard forecast on the runoff-initiated debris flow holds promise when the corresponding critical slope-dependent dimensionless discharge of no motion,fluvial sediment transport,mass flow regime,and sheet flow regime are considered.

关键词： Infinite slope stability Shields stress Contributing area-slope gradient Rainfall back estimation

Effects of Xiaoyao San on exercise capacity and liver mitochondrial metabolomics in rat depression model

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Chinese Herbal Medicines 2024年第1期16卷 132-142页

作者： Weidi Zhao cui Ji jie Zheng Shi Zhou Junsheng Tian Yumei Han Xuemei Qin School of Physical Education Shanxi UniversityTaiyuan 030006China Institute of Biomedicine and Health Shanxi UniversityTaiyuan 030006China Physical Activity Sport and Exercise Research ThemeFaculty of HealthSouthern Cross UniversityLismore NSW2480Australia Modern Research Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine Shanxi UniversityTaiyuan 030006China School of Health Yantai Nanshan UniversityYantai 265706China

Objective: This study aimed to investigate the therapeutic effects of Xiaoyao San(XYS), a herbal medicine formula, on exercise capacity and liver mitochondrial metabolomics in a rat model of depression induced by chronic unpredictable mild stress(CUMS).Methods: A total of 24 male SD rats were randomly divided into four groups: control group(C), CUMS control group(M), Venlafaxine positive treatment group(V), and XYS treatment group(X). Depressive behaviour and exercise capacity of rats were assessed by body weight, sugar-water preference test, open field test, pole test, and rotarod test. The liver mitochondria metabolomics were analyzed by using liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry(LC-MS) method. TCMSP database and Gene Cards database were used to screen XYS for potential targets for depression, and GO and KEGG enrichment analyses were performed.Results: Compared with C group, rats in M group showed significantly lower body weight, sugar water preference rate, number of crossing and rearing in the open field test, climbing down time in the pole test,and retention time on the rotarod test(P < 0.01). The above behaviors and exercise capacity indices were significantly modulated in rats in V and X groups compared with M group(P < 0.05, 0.01). Compared with C group, a total of 18 different metabolites were changed in the liver mitochondria of rats in M group.Nine different metabolites and six metabolic pathways were regulated in the liver mitochondria of rats in X group compared with M group. The results of network pharmacology showed that 88 intersecting targets for depression and XYS were obtained, among which 15 key targets such as IL-1β, IL-6, and TNF were predicted to be the main differential targets for the treatment of depression. Additionally, a total of 1 553 GO signaling pathways and 181 KEGG signaling pathways were identified, and the main biological pathways were AGE-RAGE signaling pathway, HIF-1 signaling pathway, and calcium signaling pathway.Conclusion: XYS treatment could improve depressive symptom

关键词： depression exercise capacity liver mitochondrial metabolomics Xiaoyao San

Computed tomography radiomic features and clinical factors predicting the response to first transarterial chemoembolization in intermediate-stage hepatocellular carcinoma

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Hepatobiliary & Pancreatic Diseases International 2024年第4期23卷 361-369页

作者： Zhong-Xing Shi Chang-Fu Li Li-Feng Zhao Zhong-Qi Sun Li-Ming cui Yan-jie Xin Dong-Qing Wang Tan-Rong Kang Hui-jie Jiang Department of Interventional Radiology the Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical UniversityHarbin 150086China Department of Digestive Medicine Daqing Longnan HospitalDaqing 163453China Department of Radiology Daqing Longnan HospitalDaqing 163453China Department of Radiology the Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical UniversityHarbin 150086China

Background:According to clinical practice guidelines,transarterial chemoembolization(TACE)is the standard treatment modality for patients with intermediate-stage hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC).Early prediction of treatment response can help patients choose a reasonable treatment plan.This study aimed to investigate the value of the radiomic-clinical model in predicting the efficacy of the first TACE treatment for HCC to prolong patient survival.Methods:A total of 164 patients with HCC who underwent the first TACE from January 2017 to September 2021 were analyzed.The tumor response was assessed by modified response evaluation criteria in solid tumors(mRECIST),and the response of the first TACE to each session and its correlation with overall survival were evaluated.The radiomic signatures associated with the treatment response were identified by the least absolute shrinkage and selection operator(LASSO),and four machine learning models were built with different types of regions of interest(ROIs)(tumor and corresponding tissues)and the model with the best performance was selected.The predictive performance was assessed with receiver operating characteristic(ROC)curves and calibration curves.Results:Of all the models,the random forest(RF)model with peritumor(+10 mm)radiomic signatures had the best performance[area under ROC curve(AUC)=0.964 in the training cohort,AUC=0.949 in the validation cohort].The RF model was used to calculate the radiomic score(Rad-score),and the optimal cutoff value(0.34)was calculated according to the Youden’s index.Patients were then divided into a high-risk group(Rad-score>0.34)and a low-risk group(Rad-score≤0.34),and a nomogram model was successfully established to predict treatment response.The predicted treatment response also allowed for significant discrimination of Kaplan-Meier curves.Multivariate Cox regression identified six independent prognostic factors for overall survival,including male[hazard ratio(HR)=0.500,95%confidence interval(CI):0.260–0.962,P=0.038],alpha-fetoprotein(HR=

关键词： Hepatocellular carcinoma Transarterial chemoembolization Radiomics Treatment response Prediction

Platelet-derived microparticles and their cargos: The past, present and future

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Asian Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences 2024年第2期19卷 72-88页

作者： Jingwen Guo Bufeng cui jie Zheng Chang Yu Xuran Zheng Lixin Yi Simeng Zhang Keke Wang Department of Pharmacy The First Hospital of China Medical UniversityShenyang 110001 China School of Pharmacy China Medical UniversityShenyang 110122China Key Laboratory of Medical Cell Biology of Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Major Chronic Diseases of Nervous System of Liaoning ProvinceHealth Sciences Institute of China Medical UniversityShenyang 110122China Department of Pharmacy The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of China Medical UniversityShenyang 110032China Department of Medical Oncology the First Hospital of China Medical UniversityShenyang 110001China

All eukaryotic cells can secrete extracellular vesicles, which have a double-membrane structure and are important players in the intercellular communication involved in a variety of important biological processes. Platelets form platelet-derived microparticles (PMPs) in response to activation, injury, or apoptosis. This review introduces the origin, pathway, and biological functions of PMPs and their importance in physiological and pathological processes. In addition, we review the potential applications of PMPs in cancer, vascular homeostasis, thrombosis, inflammation, neural regeneration, biomarkers, and drug carriers to achieve targeted drug delivery. In addition, we comprehensively report on the origin, biological functions, and applications of PMPs. The clinical transformation, high heterogeneity, future development direction, and limitations of the current research on PMPs are also discussed in depth. Evidence has revealed that PMPs play an important role in cell-cell communication, providing clues for the development of PMPs as carriers for relevant cell-targeted drugs. The development history and prospects of PMPs and their cargos are explored in this guidebook.

关键词： Platelet-derived particles Application Heter ogeneity Potential and limitations