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Gut microbiota in muscular atrophy development,progression,and treatment:New therapeutic targets and opportunities

The Innovation 2023年第5期4卷 96-108页

作者： Shujie Chen Puxuan Zhang Huimin Duan Jie Wang Yuyueyang Qiu Zongbin Cui Yulong Yin Dan wan Liwei Xie State Key Laboratoryof Apied Microbiology Southern China Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Microbial Cuture Clletion and AplicatinGuangdong Open Laboratory ofApplied MicrobiologyInstitute of MicrobiologyGuangdong Academy of SciencesGuangzhou 510070China Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism Zhujiang HospitalSouthern Medical Univer sityGuangzhou 510280China Department of Rehabilitation Medicine Nanfang HospitalSouthern Medical UniversityGuangzhou 100000China School of Public Health Xinxiang Medical UniversityXinxiang 453003China Laboratory of Animal Nutritional Physiology and Metabolic Process Key Laboratory of Agroecological Processes in Subtropical RegionIstitute of Subtropical AgricutureChinese Academy of SciencesChangsha 410125China University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 101408China Department of Stomatology Shunde Hospital Southern Medical University(The First People's Hospital of ShundeFoshan)Foshan 528308China Department of Life Sciences Imperial College LondonLondon SW72AZUK Department of Biology Grinnell CollgeGrinellIA 501122USA

Skeletal muscle atrophy is a debilitating condition that significantly affects quality of life and often lacks effective treatment options.Muscle atrophy can have various causes,including myogenic,neurogenic,and other factors.Recent investigation has underscored a compelling link between the gut microbiota and skeletal muscle.Discerning the potential differences in the gut microbiota associated with muscle atrophy-related diseases,understanding their influence on disease development,and recognizing their potential as intervention targets are of paramount importance.This review aims to provide a comprehensive overview of the role of the gut microbiota in muscle atrophy-related diseases.We summarize clinical and pre-clinical studies that investigate the potential for gut microbiota modulation to enhance muscle performance and promote disease recovery.Furthermore,we delve into the intricate interplay between the gut microbiota and muscle atrophy-related diseases,drawing from an array of studies.Emerging evidence suggests significant differences in gut microbiota composition in individuals with muscle atrophy-related diseases compared with healthy individuals.It is conceivable that these alterations in the microbiota contribute to the pathogenesis of these disorders through bacterium-related metabolites or inflammatory signals.

关键词： atrophy diseases alterations

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Liquid-liquid phase separation in DNA double-strand break repair

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Cancer Biology & Medicine 2023年第9期20卷 627-632页

作者： Jia Chen jie Shi Jian Zheng Yunlong wang Xiangbo wan Henan Provincial Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou UniversityZhengzhou 450052China Academy of Medical Sciences Zhengzhou UniversityZhengzhou 450052China Department of Radiation Oncology The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou UniversityZhengzhou 450052China Department of Radiation Oncology The Sixth Affiliated HospitalSun Yat-sen UniversityGuangzhou 510655China Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Colorectal and Pelvic Floor Diseases The Sixth Affiliated HospitalSun Yat-sen UniversityGuangzhou 510655China

DNA repair factors function through spatiotemporal condensation and dissolution at DNA double-strand breaks(DSBs).Recent advances have indicated that some DSB repair factors undergo liquid-liquid phase separation(LLPS)and show droplet-like properties,as well as dynamic material exchange.Importantly,LLPS regulates various biological processes,and aberrant LLPS is involved in the pathologic progression of various diseases.

关键词： separation double liquid

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Effect of Gd content on hot-tearing susceptibility of Mg-6Zn-xGd casting alloys

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China Foundry 2022年第2期19卷 131-139页

作者： He Qin Guang-yu Yang Xun-wei Zheng Shi-feng Luo Tong Bai wan-qi jie State Key Laboratory of Solidification Processing Northwestern Polytechnical UniversityXi'an 710072China Dongfeng Nissan Aeolus Xiangyang Automobile Co. Ltd.Xiangyang 441100HubeiChina

The hot-tearing susceptibility(HTS)of Mg-6Zn-xGd(x=0.5,1,2,3,4,6)alloys was evaluated using a constrained rod casting(CRC)method.The results show that the HTS curve follows a typical"Λ"shape with the increase of Gd content.The Mg-6Zn-2Gd alloy has the highest while Mg-6Zn-6Gd alloy has the lowest HTS value.The hot-tearing behavior characteristics of Mg-6Zn-xGd alloys were further studied through a multifunctional hot-tearing test device.According to the dendrite contact point inferred from the stress curve,the Clyne-Davies criterion was modified and found to be accurate in predicting the HTS of Mg-6Zn-xGd alloys.Microstructure observation reveals that the grain size and the volume of eutectic liquid are the two key factors affecting HTS of Mg-6Zn-xGd alloys.The large grain with columnar structure can easily promote initiation and propagation of hot-tearing due to the poor feeding and coordinating deformation capability,which have a harmful effect on HTS.A higher volume fraction of eutectic phase can refill the cracking and provide continuous feeding channels by dendrite bridge and thicker liquid film,thus increase the hot-tearing resistance.

关键词： Mg-Zn-Gd alloy hot-tearing susceptibility modified Clyne-Davies model microstructure

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Hepatitis B virus X protein induces ALDH2 ubiquitin-dependent degradation to enhance alcoholic steatohepatitis

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Gastroenterology Report 2023年第1期11卷 230-246页

作者： Haoxiong Zhou Sizhe wan Yujun Luo Huiling Liu jie Jiang Yunwei Guo Jia Xiao Bin Wu Department of Gastroenterology The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen UniversityGuangzhouGuangdongP.R.China Alcoholic Liver Disease Center The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen UniversityGuangzhouGuangdongP.R.China Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Liver Disease Research GuangzhouGuangdongP.R.China Clinial Medical Research Institute The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan UniversityGuangzhouGuangdongP.R.China Department of Metabolic and Bariatric Surgery The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan UniversityGuangzhouGuangdongP.R.China

Background:Excessive alcohol intake with hepatitis B virus(HBV)infection accelerates chronic liver disease progression and patients with HBV infection are more susceptible to alcohol-induced liver disease.Hepatitis B virus X protein(HBx)plays a crucial role in disease pathogenesis,while its specific role in alcoholic liver disease(ALD)progression has not yet been elucidated.Here,we studied the role of HBx on the development of ALD.Methods:HBx-transgenic(HBx-Tg)mice and their wild-type littermates were exposed to chronic plus binge alcohol feeding.Primary hepatocytes,cell lines,and human samples were used to investigate the interaction between HBx and acetaldehyde dehydrogenase 2(ALDH2).Lipid profiles in mouse livers and cells were assessed by using liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry.Results:We identified that HBx significantly aggravated alcohol-induced steatohepatitis,oxidative stress,and lipid peroxidation in mice.In addition,HBx induced worse lipid profiles with high lysophospholipids generation in alcoholic steatohepatitis,as shown by using lipidomic analysis.Importantly,serum and liver acetaldehyde were markedly higher in alcoholfed HBx-Tg mice.Acetaldehyde induced lysophospholipids generation through oxidative stress in hepatocytes.Mechanistically,HBx directly bound to mitochondrial ALDH2 to induce its ubiquitin–proteasome degradation,resulting in acetaldehyde accumulation.More importantly,we also identified that patients with HBV infection reduced ALDH2 protein levels in the liver.Conclusions:Our study demonstrated that HBx-induced ubiquitin-dependent degradation of mitochondrial ALDH2 aggravates alcoholic steatohepatitis.

关键词： hepatitis B virus X protein alcoholic steatohepatitis acetaldehyde dehydrogenase 2 ubiquitination lysophos-pholipids reactive oxygen species

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Comparison of sequential feeding and continuous feeding on the blood glucose of critically ill patients:a non-inferiority randomized controlled trial

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Chinese Medical Journal 2021年第14期134卷 1695-1700页

作者： Chang-jie Ren Bo Yao Miao Tuo Hui Lin Xiang-Yu wan Xu-Feng Pang The Department of Neurology in the Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University QingdaoShandong 266000China The Department of Critical Care Medicine in the Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University QingdaoShandong 266000China

Background:Glucose control is an important aspect in managing critically ill patients.The goal of this study was to compare the effects of sequential feeding(SF)and continuous feeding(CF)on the blood glucose of critically ill patients.Methods:A non-inferiority randomized controlled trial was adopted in this study.A total of 62 patients who were fed enteral nutritional suspension through gastric tubes were enrolled.After achieving 80%of the nutrition target calories(25 kcal·kg^(-1)·day^(-1))through CF,the patients were then randomly assigned into SF and CF groups.In the SF group,the feeding/fasting time was reasonably determined according to the circadian rhythm of the human body as laid out in traditional Chinese medicine theory.The total daily dosage of the enteral nutritional suspension was equally distributed among three time periods of 7 to 9 o’clock,11 to 13 o’clock,and 17 to 19 o’clock.The enteral nutritional suspension in each time period was pumped at a uniform rate within 2 h by an enteral feeding pump.In the CF group,patients received CF at a constant velocity by an enteral feeding pump throughout the study.Blood glucose values at five points(6:00/11:00/15:00/21:00/1:00)were monitored and recorded for seven consecutive days after randomization.Enteral feeding intolerance was also recorded.Non-inferiority testing was adopted in this study,the chi-square test or Fisher test was used for qualitative data,and the Mann-Whitney U test was used for quantitative data to determine differences between groups.In particular,a repeated measure one-way analysis of variance was used to identify whether changes in glucose value variables across the time points were different between the two groups.Results:There were no significant demographic or physiological differences between the SF and CF groups(P>0.050).The average glucose level in SF was not higher than that in CF(8.8[7.3–10.3]vs.10.7[9.1–12.1]mmol/L,Z=-2.079,P for non-inferiority=0.019).Hyperglycemia incidence of each patient was more common in the CF group than

关键词： Intensive care unit Enteral feeding Blood glucose Feeding intolerance

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Fluoxetine Ameliorates the Aggravation of UC Symptoms in C57BL/6 Mice Induced by CUMS

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Current Medical Science 2023年第5期43卷 1033-1042页

作者： Teng ZHAO Yu-xin ZHOU Rong-Jie WanG Ping wan Ying LI Liang-liang ZHOU Zhen-hua CHEN Jiangxi Province Key Laboratory of Drug Design and Evaluation School of PharmacyJiangxi Science and Technology Normal UniversityNanchang 330013China Department of Liver Disease the Ninth Hospital of NanchangNanchang 330006China

Objective Patients with chronic ulcerative colitis(UC)often have mental symptoms such as depression and anxiety,and stress can lead to gastrointestinal diseases.However,the correlation between mental stress and UC is unclear.In this paper,chronic unpredictable mild stress(CUMS)was utilized to evaluate the involvement of mental factors in the pathogenesis of UC.Methods The CUMS model was used to evaluate the direct/indirect involvement of mental factors in the pathogenesis of UC.The behavior was evaluated by the open field,forced swimming,and tail suspension tests.Body weight,the disease activity index(DAI)score,colon length,and HE staining of colon tissue were used to evaluate the action of CUMS and fluoxetine.Results The results showed that weight loss and the DAI score increased in CUMS mice,but they had no meaningful effect on colon length and morphological structure of colon tissue.However,CUMS aggravated dextran sulfate sodium(DSS)-induced colon length shortening and colon morphological structure damage.Fluoxetine significantly improved the DAI score,shortened colon length,and damaged morphology and structure of the colons induced by CUMS combined with DSS in mice.Fluoxetine also decreased the level of IL-6 in the serum and the TNF-αand IFN-γlevels of colon tissue.Fluoxetine simultaneously improved behavioral abnormalities induced by CUMS combined with DSS in mice.Conclusion CUMS aggravated the UC symptoms induced by DSS,and fluoxetine could improve the UC symptoms due to its improvement in the inflammatory level and behavioral abnormalities.

关键词： ulcerative colitis chronic unpredictable mild stress fluoxetine dextran sulfate sodium behavior

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基于量化指标和概率密度分布的风电功率波动特性研究

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太阳能学报 2015年第2期36卷 362-368页

作者：万书亭万杰华北电力大学能源动力与机械工程学院保定071003

基于华北电网实测数据,定性分析风电功率波动量、波动率、变化速率3个量化指标,在不同装机容量和不同差分时间尺度下的波动特性。同时采用二次滚动平均法提取实测风电场输出功率的分钟级分量,利用正态分布函数进行拟合,研究不同装机容... 详细信息

基于华北电网实测数据,定性分析风电功率波动量、波动率、变化速率3个量化指标,在不同装机容量和不同差分时间尺度下的波动特性。同时采用二次滚动平均法提取实测风电场输出功率的分钟级分量,利用正态分布函数进行拟合,研究不同装机容量和不同滚动窗口时的风电功率分钟分量概率分布情况。结果表明,风电功率波动在时间尺度上分布具有一定趋势性,且与风电场规模大小紧密相关,合理选择风电场装机容量有利于并网时电网的安全稳定运行。

关键词：风电功率波动特性量化指标概率密度分布正态分布拟合

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In vitro fluorescence displacement investigation of thyroxine transport disruption by bisphenol A

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2011年第2期23卷 315-321页

作者： jie Cao Liang-Hong Guo Bin wan Yin Wei State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecoloxicology Research Center for Eco-environmental Sciences Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100085 China

Bisphenol A （BPA） is a chemical with high production volume and wide applications in many industries. Although BPA is known as an endocrine disruptor, its toxic mechanisms have not been fully characterized. Due to its structural similarity to thyroid hormones thyroxine （T4） and triiodothyronine （T3）, one possible mechanism of BPA toxicity is disruption of hormone transport by competitive binding with the transport proteins. In this study, the binding interactions of BPA, T4, and T3 with three thyroid hormone transport proteins, human serum albumin （HSA）, transthyretin （TTR）, and thyroxine-binding globulin （TBG） were investigated by fluorescence measurement. Using two site-specific fluorescence probes dansylamide and dansyl-L-proline, the binding constants of BPA with HSA at drug site I and site II were determined as 2.90 × 10^4 and 3.14 × 10^4 L/mol, respectively. By monitoring the intrinsic fluorescence of tryptophan, a binding constant of 4.70 ×10^3 L/mol was obtained. Similarly, by employing 8-anilino-l-naphthalenesulfonic acid as fluorescence probe, the binding affinity of BPA with TTR and TBG was measured to be 3.10 × 10^5 and 5.90× 10^5 L/mol, respectively. In general, BPA showed lower binding affinity with the proteins than T3 did, and even lower affinity than T4. Using these binding constants, the amount of BPA which would bind to the transport proteins in human plasma was estimated. These results suggest that the concentrations of BPA commonly found in human plasma are probably not high enough to interfere with T4 transport.

关键词： bisphenol A human serum albumin human transthyretin human thyroxine-binding globulin fluorescence displacement method

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High-performance nano-splitters containing aggregation-induced emission luminogens for stereoselective crystallization obtained via polymerization-induced self-assembly

Aggregate

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Aggregate 2021年第6期2卷 109-115页

作者： Bowen Li Na Li Zhaoxu wang Xichong Ye jie Zhang Xinhua wan Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences Key Laboratory of Polymer Chemistry and Physics of Ministry of EducationCollege of Chemistry and Molecular EngineeringPeking UniversityBeijingChina

Collecting both enantiomorphs with high optical purity and yield in a single crystallization process can be achieved by adding aggregated polymeric“tailor-made”additives,known as nano-splitters.Inefficient preparation and large addition amount have hindered the practical application of such amazing nanoparticles.Herein,we report the first nano-splitters containing aggregation-induced emission luminogens prepared via polymerization-induced self-assembly of block copolymer,poly[(S)-2-(tert-butoxycarbonylamino)-6-(methacrylamido)hexanoic acid]-b-polystyrene,followed by the removal of tert-butoxycarbonyl groups.When added into the supersaturated solution of racemic amino acids(a.a.)with seeds,the fluorescent labeled nano-assemblies enantioselectivity dyed the crystals of S-a.***.and enabled the separation from colorless R-a.***.crystals in terms of fluorescent difference.Both enantiomers were obtained with high optical purity and yield(e.g.,R-asparagine monohydrate,>99 ee%;S-asparagine monohydrate,∼94 ee%;88%total yield).Owing to a low detection limit of fluorescence,the addition amount was reduced to 0.03 wt%without remarkably compromising the ee values of both enantiomorphs.Due to the low addition amount and efficient synthesis,the output–input ratio was increased greatly.

关键词： aggregation-induced emission(AIE) chiral conglomerate polymerization-induced self-assembly RAFT stereoseparation

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Application of ultrasonic fatigue technology in very-high-cycle fatigue testing of aviation gas turbine engine blade materials: A review

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Science China Technological Sciences 2024年第5期67卷 1317-1363页

作者： ZHAO JiuCheng wan jie ZHANG ShiZhong YAN ChuLiang ZHAO HongWei Key Laboratory of CNC Equipment Reliability Ministry of Education Jilin University School of Mechanical & Aerospace Engineering Jilin University Chongqing Research Institute of Jilin University School of Aeronautic Science and Engineering Beihang University

The need for very-high-cycle fatigue(VHCF) testing up to 1010cycles of aviation gas turbine engine blade materials under combined mechanical loads and complex environments has encouraged the development of VHCF testing instrumentation and technology. This article begins with a comprehensive review of the existing available techniques that enable VHCF testing.Recent advances in ultrasonic fatigue testing(UFT) techniques are highlighted, containing their new capabilities and methods for single load, multiaxial load, variable amplitude fatigue, and combined cycle fatigue. New techniques for conducting UFT in high-temperature, humid environments, and corrosive environments are summarized. These developments in mechanical loading and environmental building techniques provide the possibility of laboratory construction for real service conditions of blade materials. New techniques that can be used for in situ monitoring of VHCF damage are summarized. Key issues in the UFT field are presented, and countermeasures are collated. Finally, the existing problems and future trends in the field are briefly described.

关键词： aviation gas turbine engine blade materials ultrasonic fatigue very-high-cycle fatigue high-temperature complex stress in situ testing

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