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The genetic control of glabrous glume during African rice domestication

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Journal of Genetics and Genomics 2022年第5期49卷 427-436页

作者： Leqin Chang Min Hu Jing Ning Wei He jiayu gao Marie-Noelle Ndjiondjop Yongcai Fu Fengxia Liu Hongying Sun Ping Gu Chuanqing Sun Zuofeng Zhu State Key Laboratory for Agrobiotechnology National Center for Evaluation of Agricultural Wild Plants(Rice)Department of Plant Genetics and BreedingChina Agricultural UniversityBeijing 100193China Africa Rice Center CotonouBenin State Key Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry China Agricultural UniversityBeijing 100193China

African cultivated rice,Oryza glaberrima,is characterized by its glabrous glumes.During domestication,the pubescent glumes of its wild ancestor,Oryza barthii,lost their trichomes,and in this study,we show that glabrous glume 5(GLAG5),a WUSCHEL-like homeobox transcription factor gene on chromosome 5,is required for trichome development.DNA methylation associated with an hATtransposable element inserted in the promoter region of GLAG5 is found to reduce its expression,leading to the formation of glabrous glumes and leaves in African cultivated rice.Among 82 African cultivated rice varieties investigated in this study,59(approximately 71%)lines exhibit glabrous glumes and harbor the hAT transposon;however,the other 23 varieties(approximately 29%),which exhibit pubescent glumes,lack the hAT transposon,indicating that glag5 had undergone strong artificial selection.Theπ;/π;ratios also show the hAT transposon insertions influence the genetic diversity of an approximately 150-kb interval encompassing the GLAG5 locus.The identification of the GLAG5 gene provides new insights into the domestication of cultivated rice in Africa.We speculate that the selection of varieties with mutations in their promoter regions is an important aspect of crop domestication.

关键词： African rice The hAT transposon Domestication Trichomes Evolution

杉木林下药用植物淋出物对林木枯落物分解及土壤酶活性的影响

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浙江林业科技 2024年第2期44卷 43-49页

作者：潘永柱高佳钰官王飞丽水市林业技术推广总站浙江丽水323000 浙江省林业技术推广总站浙江杭州310020 丽水经济技术开发区生态林业发展中心浙江丽水323000

以浙江丽水松阳县杉木Cunninghamia lanceolata林林下7种常见药用植物三叶崖爬藤Tetrastigma hemsleyanum、多花黄精Polygonatum cyrtonema、蒲公英Taraxacum mongolicum、薄荷Mentha canadensis、蕺菜Houttuynia cordata、白及Bletilla striata、灵芝Ganoderma lucidum为对象,通过水浸法提取其茎叶淋出物浸提液,并将其配制成浓度为85 mg·mL^(-1)浸提液,使用喷雾器每次喷浇250 mL浸提液于培养钵中的林木枯落物,每隔2周喷浇一次,喷浇周期分别为1个月、3个月、6个月,研究药用植物淋出物对杉木枯落物分解的影响,以及通过土壤酶活性检测研究对其存在的潜在化感影响。结果表明:蒲公英、薄荷、鱼腥草浸提液对杉木枯落物处理后,其养分碳、氮、磷、钾、铜、锌、锰残余留量均有升高趋势,表明这三种植物抑制了杉木枯落物分解、延长其分解周转期,土壤酶(蔗糖酶、羧甲基纤维素酶、β-葡糖苷酶、脱氢酶、多酚氧化酶、蛋白酶、磷酸酶)活性显著降低,其他4种植物淋出物均能够显著加速分解残留物及提升土壤酶活性,因此建议杉木林下应该尽力避免种植蒲公英、薄荷、鱼腥草,同时通过降低套种密度减少药材植物的化感影响。

关键词：林下经济林药复合植物淋出物枯落物分解土壤酶活性

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智能化与信息化教室系统的设计

黑龙江科学 2024年第3期15卷 58-61页

作者：张海浩黄志强高佳语黑龙江生态工程职业学院哈尔滨150025

为提高教室的智能化管理和使用效率,可以基于超宽带技术设计智慧教室控制系统。该系统由人员定位子系统、智慧教室控制子系统、服务器子系统与大屏展示子系统组成,通过有线或无线连接完成各子系统之间的数据传输和协同工作,具有低功耗... 详细信息

为提高教室的智能化管理和使用效率,可以基于超宽带技术设计智慧教室控制系统。该系统由人员定位子系统、智慧教室控制子系统、服务器子系统与大屏展示子系统组成,通过有线或无线连接完成各子系统之间的数据传输和协同工作,具有低功耗、高安全性等优点,能够促进信息技术与教育技术的深度融合,有效提高教学质量。

关键词：智慧教室云控教室系统场室管理系统信息发布系统

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智慧教室统一教学管理系统研究

黑龙江科学 2024年第13期15卷 73-75,79页

作者：张海浩黄志强高佳语黑龙江生态工程职业学院哈尔滨150025

随着教育信息化的快速发展,智慧教室已成为现代教育的重要组成部分。越来越多的智能化教学管理系统不断出现,对于教学管理的常态化与高效化起着重要的促进作用。智慧教室统一教学管理系统可由多个模块组成,包括教学屏显系统、智能中控... 详细信息

随着教育信息化的快速发展,智慧教室已成为现代教育的重要组成部分。越来越多的智能化教学管理系统不断出现,对于教学管理的常态化与高效化起着重要的促进作用。智慧教室统一教学管理系统可由多个模块组成,包括教学屏显系统、智能中控系统、常态化录播系统、本地扩声系统、教学互动系统、智慧教学平台与物联管理平台,具备响应国家政策,创新教学模式;全模块统筹设计,系统模块深度结合;全系统开放,构建集约化新体系;注重数据安全与隐私保护等特点。智能化教学管理系统能够促进教学资源的整合与共享、推动教学管理的自动化与高效化、促进教学互动,推动数据互联与一体化智能教学管理平台建设,可为实现数字化绿色校园提供支持。

关键词：智慧教室教学管理高职院校

Pure-high-even-order dispersion bound solitons complexes in ultra-fast fiber lasers

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Light(Science & Applications) 2024年第5期13卷 957-972页

作者： Ying Han Bo gao Honglin Wen Chunyang Ma jiayu Huo Yingying Li Luyao Zhou Qi Li Ge Wu Lie Liu College of Communication Engineering Jilin UniversityChangchun 130012China. Research Center of Circuits and Systems Peng Cheng LaboratoryShenzhen 518055China. International Collaborative Laboratory of 2D Materials for Optoelectronics Science and Technology of Ministry of Education Institute of Microscale OptoelectronicsShenzhen UniversityShenzhen 518060China. College of Electronic Science and Engineering Jilin UniversityChangchun 130012China

Temporal solitons have been the focus of much research due to their fascinating physical properties.These solitons can form bound states,which are fundamentally crucial modes in fiber laser and present striking analogies with their matter molecules counterparts,which means they have potential applications in large-capacity transmission and alloptical information storage.Although traditionally,second-order dispersion has been the dominant dispersion for conventional solitons,recent experimental and theoretical research has shown that pure-high-even-order dispersion(PHEOD)solitons with energy-width scaling can arise from the interaction of arbitrary negative-even-order dispersion and Kerr nonlinearity.Despite these advancements,research on the bound states of PHEOD solitons is currently nonexistent.In this study,we obtained PHEOD bound solitons in a fiber laser using an intra-cavity spectral pulse shaper for high-order dispersion management.Specifically,we experimentally demonstrate the existence of PHEOD solitons and PHEOD bound solitons with pure-quartic,-sextic,-octic,and-decic dispersion.Numerical simulations corroborate these experimental observations.Furthermore,vibrating phase PHEOD bound soliton pairs,sliding phase PHEOD bound soliton pairs,and hybrid phase PHEOD bound tri-soliton are discovered and characterized.These results broaden the fundamental understanding of solitons and show the universality of multi-soliton patterns.

关键词： dispersion solitons soliton

Understanding and improving fairness in cognitive diagnosis

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Science China(Information Sciences) 2024年第5期67卷 99-114页

作者： Zheng ZHANG Le WU Qi LIU jiayu LIU Zhenya HUANG Yu YIN Yan ZHUANG Weibo gao Enhong CHEN Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Big Data Analysis and Application School of Computer Science and Technology& School of Data Science University of Science and Technology of China State Key Laboratory of Cognitive Intelligence School of Computer Science and Information Engineering Hefei University of Technology

Intelligent education is a significant application of artificial intelligence. One of the key research topics in intelligence education is cognitive diagnosis, which aims to gauge the level of proficiency among students on specific knowledge concepts(e.g., Geometry). To the best of our knowledge, most of the existing cognitive models primarily focus on improving diagnostic accuracy while rarely considering fairness issues; for instance, the diagnosis of students may be affected by various sensitive attributes(e.g., region). In this paper,we aim to explore fairness in cognitive diagnosis and answer two questions:(1) Are the results of existing cognitive diagnosis models affected by sensitive attributes?(2) If yes, how can we mitigate the impact of sensitive attributes to ensure fair diagnosis results? To this end, we first empirically reveal that several wellknown cognitive diagnosis methods usually lead to unfair performances, and the trend of unfairness varies among different cognitive diagnosis models. Then, we make a theoretical analysis to explain the reasons behind this phenomenon. To resolve the unfairness problem in existing cognitive diagnosis models, we propose a general fairness-aware cognitive diagnosis framework, FairCD. Our fundamental principle involves eliminating the effect of sensitive attributes on student proficiency. To achieve this, we divide student proficiency in existing cognitive diagnosis models into two components: bias proficiency and fair proficiency.We design two orthogonal tasks for each of them to ensure that fairness in proficiency remains independent of sensitive attributes and take it as the final diagnosed result. Extensive experiments on the Program for International Student Assessment(PISA) dataset clearly show the effectiveness of our framework.

关键词： fairness intelligent education cognitive diagnosis psychometrics adversarial learning

山核桃蒲壳3种还林方式对林地土壤的改良作用

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浙江林业科技 2024年第2期44卷 50-55页

作者：何祯高佳钰黄玉洁蔡建武梁辰飞柳新红张骏冯博杰王宗星沈爱华浙江省林业技术推广总站浙江杭州310020 桐乡市林业工作站浙江桐乡314500 浙江农林大学环境与资源学院浙江杭州311300

山核桃Caryacathayensis是浙江省和安徽省重要的经济林树种,每年都会产生大量山核桃蒲壳废弃物,但其目前对山核桃蒲壳的利用率相对较低。同时,林地的集约化管理导致土壤质量退化,严重制约了山核桃产业发展。为此,2021年10月,在浙江省杭... 详细信息

山核桃Caryacathayensis是浙江省和安徽省重要的经济林树种,每年都会产生大量山核桃蒲壳废弃物,但其目前对山核桃蒲壳的利用率相对较低。同时,林地的集约化管理导致土壤质量退化,严重制约了山核桃产业发展。为此,2021年10月,在浙江省杭州市临安区湍口镇的山核桃林地中,设置了野外控制实验,旨在评估3种山核桃蒲壳还林方式对土壤酸碱度、土壤养分、微生物群落及酶活性的改良效果。试验设置4种处理:对照(不施用其他物料,CK)、覆盖山核桃蒲壳生物质炭(BC)、覆盖蒲壳(HM)、覆盖山核桃蒲壳有机肥(OF)。经过一年的处理,结果表明:(1)相对于CK处理,HM和BC处理显著提高了土壤pH值(P<0.05),分别提高了0.33和1.71个单位;(2)与CK处理相比,其他3种处理均能显著提高土壤有机碳含量(P<0.05);(3)与CK处理相比,其他3种处理的土壤微生物生物量显著增加了22.1%~54.8%(P<0.05),各微生物类群均呈增加趋势,HM处理提高了真菌/细菌比率(F/B);(4)BC、HM和OF3种处理对土壤中与碳、氮转化相关的酶活性均有提升效果,主要包括α-葡萄糖苷酶、β-葡萄糖苷酶、纤维二糖水解酶、β-木聚糖苷酶和亮氨酸氨基肽酶。施用山核桃蒲壳有机肥和覆盖山核桃蒲壳处理在改善土壤质量、经济成本和操作性方面均具有优势。

关键词：山核桃蒲壳有机肥生物质炭覆盖微生物群落

Hepatic Zbtb18 (Zinc Finger and BTB Domain Containing 18) alleviates hepatic steatohepatitis via FXR (Farnesoid X Receptor)

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Signal Transduction and Targeted Therapy 2024年第2期9卷 766-781页

作者： Lei Zhang Jiabing Chen Xiaoying Yang Chuangpeng Shen Jiawen Huang Dong Zhang Naihua Liu Chaonan Liu Yadi Zhong Yingjian Chen Kaijia Tang Jingyi Guo Tianqi Cui Siwei Duan jiayu Li Shangyi Huang Huafeng Pan Huabing Zhang Xiaoqiang Tang Yongsheng Chang Yong gao State Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Syndrome Science and Technology Innovation CenterGuangzhou University of Chinese MedicineGuangzhouChina Key Laboratory of Immune Microenvironment and Disease(Ministry of Education) Tianjin Key Laboratory of Cellular Homeostasis and DiseaseDepartment of Physiology and PathophysiologyTianjin Medical UniversityTianjinChina Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Immunity and Metabolism Department of Pathogen Biology and ImmunologyJiangsu International Laboratory of Immunity and MetabolismXuzhou Medical UniversityXuzhouChina Department of Endocrinology The First Clinical CollegeGuangzhou University of Chinese MedicineGuangdongChina The Fourth Clinical Medical College of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine ShenzhenChina Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Traditional Chinese Medicine in Prevention and Treatment of Tumor Nanjing University of Chinese MedicineNanjingChina Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Metabolic Disease Research CenterSchool of Basic MedicineAnhui Medical UniversityHefeiChina Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children of MOE State Key Laboratory of BiotherapyWest China Second University HospitalSichuan UniversityChengduChina

A lasting imbalance between fatty acid synthesis and consumption leads to non-alcoholic fatty liver disease(NAFLD),coupled with hepatitis and insulin resistance.Yet the details of the underlying mechanisms are not fully understood.Here,we unraveled that the expression of the transcription factor Zbtb18 is markedly decreased in the livers of both patients and murine models of NAFLD.Hepatic Zbtb18 knockout promoted NAFLD features like impaired energy expenditure and fatty acid oxidation(FAO),and induced insulin resistance.Conversely,hepatic Zbtb18 overexpression alleviated hepato-steatosis,insulin resistance,and hyperglycemia in mice fed on a high-fat diet(HFD)or in diabetic mice.Notably,in vitro and in vivo mechanistic studies revealed that Zbtb18 transcriptional activation of Farnesoid X receptor(FXR)mediated FAO and Clathrin Heavy Chain(CLTC)protein hinders NLRP3 inflammasome activity.This key mechanism by which hepatocyte’s Zbtb18 expression alleviates NAFLD and consequent liver fibrosis was further verified by FXR’s deletion and forced expression in mice and cultured mouse primary hepatocytes(MPHs).Moreover,CLTC deletion significantly abrogated the hepatic Zbtb18 overexpression-driven inhibition of NLRP3 inflammasome activity in macrophages.Altogether,Zbtb18 transcriptionally activates the FXR-mediated FAO and CLTC expression,which inhibits NLRP3 inflammasome’s activity alleviating inflammatory stress and insulin resistance,representing an attractive remedy for hepatic steatosis and fibrosis.

关键词： hepatic Hepatic impaired

基于改进GICP配准的激光-惯性SLAM算法

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中国惯性技术学报 2023年第8期31卷 814-822页

作者：徐晓苏高佳誉周帅姚逸卿微惯性仪表与先进导航技术教育部重点实验室南京210096 东南大学仪器科学与工程学院南京210096

激光点云配准性能是影响激光-惯性SLAM系统精度和实时性的重要因素,对于多线激光雷达,大量的待配准点虽然能提高配准精度,但是也会降低系统运行效率。针对该问题,提出了一种基于改进广义迭代最近点(GICP)配准的激光-惯性SLAM算法。首先... 详细信息

激光点云配准性能是影响激光-惯性SLAM系统精度和实时性的重要因素,对于多线激光雷达,大量的待配准点虽然能提高配准精度,但是也会降低系统运行效率。针对该问题,提出了一种基于改进广义迭代最近点(GICP)配准的激光-惯性SLAM算法。首先,用改进的GICP算法进行点云配准,通过减少待配准点数量提高配对点的质量,增加迭代目标,提高了定位精度。其次,针对改进的GICP算法提出了一个高效的子地图模型,提高了系统运行效率。在KITTI数据集上的实验结果表明,与改进前的算法相比,所提算法的定位误差降低了69.98%;与Le GO-LOAM、LIO-SAM算法相比,所提算法的平均定位误差分别降低了88.44%和62.42%。同时进行了实测实验验证,与LeGO-LOAM、LIOSAM算法相比,所提算法的平均定位误差分别降低了21.02%和24.77%,且具有更高的系统运行效率。

关键词：激光-惯性SLAM 降采样点云配准子地图构建