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The Effect of Bamboo Charcoal Application on Soil Nutrients and Heavy Metals in Rice

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Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany 2022年第6期91卷 1245-1256页

作者： Guangyue Cai Juanli Tu Songhao Li Yifei Ruan Qifeng wu jiasen wu State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture Zhejiang A&F UniversityHangzhou311300China Jiaxing Vocational&Technical College Jiaxing314036China Agriculture and Forestry Technology Extension Center Hangzhou311300China

Soil heavy metal pollution is becoming more and more *** charcoal application can play an important role in alleviating the toxicity of heavy metals in *** with other biochar,bamboo charcoal has more unique properties and may have a unique effect on heavy metal *** Province of Southeastern China is rich in bamboo ***,few studies related to bamboo charcoal application for heavy metal remediation in farmland were *** this study,four treatments with different amounts of bamboo charcoal application were set up through a field experiment,namely BC0(no bamboo charcoal application),BC1(2500 kg⋅ha^(−1)),BC2(5000 kg⋅ha^(−1)),and BC3(10000 kg⋅ha^(−1)),and each treatment was replicated three *** results showed that(1)The application of bamboo charcoal significantly increased the soil pH and organic matter *** with BC0,the pH and organic content of BC3 increased by 7.4%and 17.4%(P0.05).(3)With the increase of bamboo charcoal application,the Cd content in rice gradually decreased,the BC3 treatment significantly decreased by 39.0%(P0.05),compared with BC0.(4)Soil pH,organic matter and Cd in rice seeds were significantly negatively correlated(P<0.01).The heavy metal content in rice does not change with the change of heavy metal content with HCl-extractable state in *** means bamboo charcoal does not reduce heavy metal content in rice by simply declining the heavy metal content with HCl-extractable *** mechanism of action is relatively complicated,and further study is needed.

关键词： Bamboo charcoal rice heavy metal pollution paddy field HCl-extractable heavy metal

杨梅主产区土壤肥力主要指标及其化学计量比的空间分布特征

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东北林业大学学报 2025年第3期53卷 78-86,104页

作者：林松王增何影周蓓琦支裕优吴家森傅伟军浙江省公益林和国有林场管理总站杭州310020 浙江农林大学

土壤有机碳(SOC)和全氮(STN)是反映土壤肥力的重要指标,对人工林土壤有机碳、全氮和碳氮质量分数比的空间分布特征及其影响因素进行研究,有利于了解人工林土壤碳氮循环,精准把控区域性施肥和土壤质量的动态变化规律。以浙江省特色杨梅(M... 详细信息

土壤有机碳(SOC)和全氮(STN)是反映土壤肥力的重要指标,对人工林土壤有机碳、全氮和碳氮质量分数比的空间分布特征及其影响因素进行研究,有利于了解人工林土壤碳氮循环,精准把控区域性施肥和土壤质量的动态变化规律。以浙江省特色杨梅(Myrica rubra)人工林为研究对象,根据1 km×1 km网格布点,在杨梅林地内设置100个样地,样地面积10 m×10 m,对样地土壤状况进行调查,运用多种空间分析方法(地统计学和莫兰指数(Moran’s I)等)分析杨梅主产区土壤有机碳、全氮和碳氮质量分数比的空间分布格局,并应用多元统计方法(相关性分析、冗余分析、结构方程模型和变异分解)分析土壤有机碳、全氮和碳氮质量分数比的主要影响因素。结果表明:(1)土壤有机碳、全氮质量分数和碳氮质量分数比的平均值分别为18.21、1.25 g/kg和15.36,土壤质量水平较高;土壤有机碳、全氮质量分数和碳氮质量分数比的块基比值分别为9.06%、5.21%和15.00%,存在较强的空间自相关性。(2)土壤有机碳、全氮质量分数和碳氮质量分数比整体呈现高低错落分布,由西南向东北逐渐过渡降低,但土壤碳氮质量分数比整体空间分布更均匀,且研究区域土壤有机碳的肥力水平均处于中等水平以上。(3)土壤有机碳质量分数与碱解氮(AN)、速效磷(AP)质量分数以及杨梅地径(GD)、年降水量(MAP)和杨梅林龄(FA)呈显著正相关(P<0.05);土壤全氮质量分数与碱解氮(AN)、速效磷(AP)和速效钾(AK)质量分数以及年降水量呈显著正相关(P<0.05)。(4)土壤有机碳质量分数主要受土壤因子、气候和植被因子的影响,土壤全氮质量分数主要受土壤因子和植被因子的影响,其中碱解氮对两者的贡献度均最高。因此,通过合理施肥和优化植被林龄结构等措施,增加土壤碳氮储量,减少土壤肥力流失,维持生态系统的安全。

关键词：杨梅土壤土壤有机碳土壤全氮变异分解

N-Exponential Fertilization Could Affect the Growth and Nitrogen Accumulation of Metasequoia glyptostroboides Seedling in a Greenhouse Environment

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Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany 2022年第10期91卷 2211-2220页

作者： jiasen wu Genping Tong Rui Guo Zihao Ye Jin Jin Haiping Lin Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Carbon Cycling in Forest Ecosystems and Carbon Sequestration Hangzhou311300China Qingliangfeng National Nature Reserve Administration Lin’an311300China State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture Hangzhou311300China

Metasequoia glyptostroboides(***)is a unique plant species related to relic flora in *** plays a positive role in afforestation and its long-term protection with high paleoclimate research ***,due to the nutrients-supply deficiency,it is a big challenge to cultivate the high-quality seedlings of ****** this study,a pot experiment in a greenhouse environment was carried out to identify the effect of N-exponential fertilization on the growth and nutrient distribution of *** *** ***tostroboides rooted seedlings with 12-month growth were *** N fertilizer levels with conventional fertilization(CF:5.0 g seedling^(−1)),exponential fertilization including EF1,EF2,EF3 and EF4 were *** relevant growth indexes were measured after 210-day *** results indicated that non-significant differences in seedlings’height and ground diameter were found among the above treatments(P>0.05);At the same time,N-exponential fertilization promoted the ***’s biomass in different organs(P<0.05),with the maximum total biomass under EF3 *** N accumulation in root and stem of the N-exponential fertilization treatments were increased in to some extent(P<0.05).The maximum N accumulation was also found under EF3 ***,steady-state nutrition and superior growth performance of ***boides could be obtained by N-exponential fertilization of 5.0 g cutting^(−1).

关键词： Metasequoia glyptostroboides seedling nitrogen exponential fertilization plant growth biomass nutrient supply

Land Consolidation with Seedling Cultivation Could Decrease Soil Microbial PLFA Diversity

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Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany 2022年第8期91卷 1745-1756页

作者： Shen Zhang Yongqi Jian Bingjing Yan Jin Jin jiasen wu Chenfei Liang Juan Liu Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Carbon Cycling in Forest Ecosystems and Carbon Sequestration Zhejiang A&F UniversityHangzhou311300China The East Institute of Inventory and Planning The State Forestry and Grassland AdministrationHangzhou311300China

The impact of land consolidation on the soil microbial PLFA diversity is of great importance for understanding the effective arable land usage,improving agricultural ecological conditions and *** this study,we collected the soil samples(0–20 cm)in experimental plots with 0(Z0),1(Z1a)and 4(Z4a)years of land consolidation in the forest station of Ningbo City,Zhejiang Province,southeastern *** results were analyzed using ANOVA for randomized block *** with control(Z0),the soil pH value under Z1a treatment increased by 14.6%,soil organic carbon(SOC)content decreased by 65.4%,so did the PLFA contents and relative abundance of all the microbial PLFA diversity(P<0.05),***,for the Z1a treatment,the ratio of fungi to bacteria(F/B)significantly decreased by 35.9%(P<0.05),while the ratio of Gram-positive bacteria to Gram-negative bacteria(G+/G−)signific antly increased by 56.1%.This was strongly related to the increased soil pH values and the decrease of *** Shannon index(H)and evenness index(E)of soil microbial PLFA diversity were significantly decreased after land consolidation(P<0.05).Compared to the Z1 treatment,the microbial PLFA diversity was improved ***,the land consolidation could significantly affect the composition of soil microbial PLFA diversity,and decrease the soil ecosystem stability.

关键词： Cultivated land balance land use change Pinus taiwanensis forest PLFA soil degradation soil fertility variation

Integrated Fertilization Regimes Boost Heavy Metals Accumulation and Biomass of Sedum alfredii Hance

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Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany 2021年第4期90卷 1217-1232页

作者： Kangning Zhou Yingying Zhang jiasen wu Chunying Dou Zihao Ye Zhengqian Ye Weijun Fu State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture Zhejiang A&F UniversityLin’an311300China Key Laboratory of Soil Contamination Bioremediation of Zhejiang Province School of Environmental Sciences and ResourcesZhejiang A&F UniversityLin’an311300China Plantation Bureau of Ningguo County Ningguo242300China

The hyperaccumulator Sedum alfredii Hance(***)may be employed for zinc(Zn)and cadmium(Cd)-polluted soil ***,the low phytoremediation efficiency,related to the low biomass production,limits its use with that *** this experiment,nitrogen(N),phosphorus(P),and potassium(K)fertilizers,and organic manure were applied to investigate the phytoremediation ability of *** and pot experiments were conducted using Zn-Cd polluted *** hydroponic experiment indicated that appropriate fertilizer application could increase(p0.8 mmol L^(−1))P supply decreased growth,and Zn/Cd accumulation in whole plants of the studied *** 0.1 mmol L^(−1) P was an optimal dosage for *** biomass production and Zn/Cd accumulation in *** supply levels within the range from 0.3 to 1 mmol L^(−1) K could significantly improve the biomass production of *** and its capability to accumulate Zn and Cd in the *** 0.5 mmol L^(−1) K was an optimal dosage for the whole biomass production and Zn accumulation in shoots,while the 1 mmol L^(−1) was an optimal K dosage for Zn accumulation in shoots,which was 17.2%higher than the ***,the soil pot experiment showed that the combination of organic(fermented manure)and inorganic fertilizers made significant effects on the Zn and Cd-polluted soil remediation by *** effects varied,however,with the application of different proportions of N,P,K and organic *** Zn accumulation by *** reached the highest efficiency ability under the highest fertilizer

关键词： Sedum alfredii Hance zinc cadmium phytoremediation fertilizer application

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R-演算中若干问题的研究

计算机研究与发展 2012年第4期49卷 833-838页

作者：吴佳森宋方敏南京大学软件新技术国家重点实验室南京210093 南京大学计算机科学与技术系南京210093

李未教授提出了R-演算系统,它是形式理论的修正演算系统,是OPEN过程模式和GUINA过程模式的基础.R-演算在这2种过程模式中的核心作用是,当一个形式理论与事实产生矛盾时,找出矛盾的必要前提,从而获得一个协调的子理论.通过3种不同的方法... 详细信息

李未教授提出了R-演算系统,它是形式理论的修正演算系统,是OPEN过程模式和GUINA过程模式的基础.R-演算在这2种过程模式中的核心作用是,当一个形式理论与事实产生矛盾时,找出矛盾的必要前提,从而获得一个协调的子理论.通过3种不同的方法细致刻画R-演算的基本概念"必要前提",第1种方法来自R-演算,第2种方法基于极大协调子集与极小非协调子集的,最后一种方法是对于R-必要前提的归纳定义.通过比较这3种方法,指出各自的优缺点,并从第3种方法推演出一个可靠并且相对完全的系统.在比较这3种方法的同时,还细致地探讨了R-终止式的上下界以及极大协调子集的不可枚举性.其中极大协调的不可枚举性在一定程度上表明了不存在一种同时满足可靠并且完全的系统.

关键词： R-演算 R-终止集极大协调子集递归可枚举性可靠性与完全性 R′-演算

基于磁控溅射技术的钴掺杂氧化铜薄膜的LIBS多维度分析研究

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中国激光 2024年第13期51卷 269-276页

作者：董丽丽吴家森夏祥宇武传奇修俊山山东理工大学化学化工学院山东淄博255000 山东理工大学物理与光电工程学院山东淄博255000

通过磁控溅射技术制备了一系列不同溅射压强和功率下的钴(Co)掺杂氧化铜(CuO)薄膜,利用激光诱导击穿光谱(LIBS)技术实现了该薄膜的多维度分析。绘制了不同溅射压强和功率下薄膜中Co/Cu元素含量比的定标曲线,线性拟合系数均超过0.99,显示... 详细信息

通过磁控溅射技术制备了一系列不同溅射压强和功率下的钴(Co)掺杂氧化铜(CuO)薄膜,利用激光诱导击穿光谱(LIBS)技术实现了该薄膜的多维度分析。绘制了不同溅射压强和功率下薄膜中Co/Cu元素含量比的定标曲线,线性拟合系数均超过0.99,显示了LIBS强度比与薄膜中元素含量比有很好的一致性,实现了薄膜中元素含量比的快速定量分析。由纳米薄膜中Co/Cu的LIBS强度比的二维映射结果可知:Co/Cu强度比随溅射压强的增加先变大后减小再增大;随着溅射功率的增加,Co/Cu强度比减小,分布均匀性变差。薄膜的透过率光谱分析结果显示,当溅射压强为3.0 Pa和溅射功率为75 W时,薄膜禁带宽度达到了较大的值,且薄膜光学禁带宽度与Co/Cu的LIBS强度比随溅射参数变化的趋势是一致的,为薄膜的光学性能评估提供了LIBS技术支持。研究结果表明,LIBS技术可以实现磁控溅射制备的Co掺杂CuO薄膜的多维度分析。

关键词：光谱学激光诱导击穿光谱磁控溅射技术钴掺杂氧化铜薄膜多维度分析

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鼻内镜下复发性鼻咽癌手术治疗的临床研究

临床耳鼻咽喉头颈外科杂志 2023年第10期37卷 771-777页

作者：何引殷海吴家森郑文贵港市人民医院耳鼻咽喉头颈外科广西贵港537100

目的探讨复发性鼻咽癌分别采用手术治疗+化疗及放疗+化疗的临床效果及并发症的对比,从而比较两种不同治疗方法的安全性及治疗效果。方法回顾性分析2016年1月-2020年10月我院收治的40例鼻咽癌放化疗后复发的患者,其中26例(观察组)鼻内镜... 详细信息

目的探讨复发性鼻咽癌分别采用手术治疗+化疗及放疗+化疗的临床效果及并发症的对比,从而比较两种不同治疗方法的安全性及治疗效果。方法回顾性分析2016年1月-2020年10月我院收治的40例鼻咽癌放化疗后复发的患者,其中26例(观察组)鼻内镜下切除复发的肿瘤的患者,术中冷冻切缘均为阴性,同期采用带蒂的鼻中隔黏膜瓣、颞肌瓣以及颏下瓣进行修复,rT3及rT4患者术后3~5周继续化疗。以14例采用二次放疗+化疗的方案的患者作为对照组。术后观察患者的并发症及生存率。结果观察组26例患者中19例行鼻中隔黏膜瓣修复,5例行颞肌瓣修复,2例行颏下瓣修复,2例鼻中隔黏膜瓣出现坏死及脑脊液鼻漏,二期手术用颞肌瓣进行二次修复,8例需要行颈部淋巴结清扫术。患者术后恢复良好,rT3及rT4患者根据伤口情况术后3~5周进行化疗。比较2组并发症发生率及1~3年的生存率,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论复发性鼻咽癌患者可以通过鼻内镜下手术治疗切除肿物,并且采用带蒂的鼻中隔黏膜瓣、颞肌瓣以及颏下瓣进行颅底重建,可以有效地预防颈内动脉破裂大出血等重大并发症,提高患者生存率及生活质量。为复发性鼻咽癌患者提供了一种安全、有效的治疗方式。

关键词：鼻咽肿瘤复发手术治疗鼻中隔黏膜瓣颞肌瓣

生草栽培对山核桃林地土壤养分及微生物多样性的影响

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生态学报 2014年第15期34卷 4324-4332页

作者：钱进芳吴家森黄坚钦浙江农林大学亚热带森林培育国家重点实验室培育基地临安311300 浙江省淳安县林业局淳安311700

高强度经营导致山核桃林地土壤性质改变,设置了白三叶、黑麦草、油菜、紫云英、自然杂草和清耕(对照)6个处理,以3次重复,随机排列的2年田间试验,研究了不同生草栽培对山核桃林地土壤养分和微生物多样性的影响。结果表明:与清耕相比,生... 详细信息

高强度经营导致山核桃林地土壤性质改变,设置了白三叶、黑麦草、油菜、紫云英、自然杂草和清耕(对照)6个处理,以3次重复,随机排列的2年田间试验,研究了不同生草栽培对山核桃林地土壤养分和微生物多样性的影响。结果表明:与清耕相比,生草栽培均能改善土壤养分状况,除全钾外,白三叶和紫云英处理较其他处理能显著提高土壤养分含量,其余几个处理间差异不明显;生草栽培显著提高了土壤微生物生物量碳(MBC)含量,白三叶、黑麦草、紫云英、油菜和自然杂草处理分别较清耕提高了169.6%、159.7%、144.1%、138.6%和58.6%,差异达显著水平(P紫云英>油菜>自然杂草>黑麦草>清耕;白三叶处理的土壤微生物Shannon指数高于其他处理;白三叶、紫云英和油菜处理的土壤微生物均匀度指数显著高于其他处理。相关性分析表明,土壤微生物活性、微生物Shannon指数和均匀度指数两两之间均达到极显著差异(P<0.01),三者与土壤各养分指标之间未达显著差异,但表现为正相关关系。白三叶、紫云英和油菜对改善土壤微生物特性效果较好。

关键词：山核桃生草栽培土壤养分土壤微生物生物量碳微生物多样性