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An innovative wood-chip-framework substrate used as slow-release carbon source to treat high-strength nitrogen wastewater

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2017年第1期29卷 275-283页

作者： Huai li Zifang Chi Baixing Yan Long Cheng jianzheng li Key Laboratory of Wetland Ecology and Environment Northeast Institute of Geography and AgroecologyChinese Academy of Sciences State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment Harbin Institute of Technology Key Lab of Groundwater Resources and Environment Ministry of EducationJilin University

Removal of nitrogen in wastewater before discharge into receiving water courses is an important consideration in treatment systems.However,nitrogen removal efficiency is usually limited due to the low carbon/nitrogen（C/N） ratio.A common solution is to add external carbon sources,but amount of liquid is difficult to determine.Therefore,a combined wood-chip-framework substrate（with wood,slag and gravel） as a slow-release carbon source was constructed in baffled subsurface-flow constructed wetlands to overcome the problem.Results show that the removal rate of ammonia nitrogen（NH_4~＋-N）,total nitrogen（TN） and chemical oxygen demand（COD） could reach 37.5%-85%,57.4%-86%,32.4%-78%,respectively,indicating the combined substrate could diffuse sufficient oxygen for the nitrification process（slag and gravel zone） and provide carbon source for denitrification process（wood-chip zone）.The nitrification and denitrification were determined according to the location of slag/gravel and wood-chip,respectively.Nitrogen removal was efficient at the steady phase before a shock loading using slag-wood-gravel combined substrate because of nitrification-denitrification process,while nitrogen removal was efficient under a shock loading with wood-slag-gravel combined substrate because of ANAMMOX process.This study provides a new idea for wetland treatment of high-strength nitrogen wastewater.

关键词： Baffled constructed wetland Combined substrate Wood-chip Nitrogen Removal

Microbial community dynamics at high organic loading rates revealed by pyrosequencing during sugar refinery wastewater treatment in a UASB reactor

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Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering 2018年第4期12卷 33-44页

作者： liguo Zhang Qiaoying Ban jianzheng li College of Environmental and Resource Sciences Shanxi Universily Taiyuan 030000 China State Key Laboratory of Urban Watel Resource and Environment School of Municipal and Environmental Engineering Harbin Institute of Technology Harbin 150000 China＊

The performance and rnicrobial community structure in an upflow anaerobic sludge blanket reactor （UASB） treating sugar refinery wastewater were investigated. The chemical oxygen demand （COD） removal reached above 92.0% at organic loading rates （OLRs） of 12.0-54.0 kgCOD/（m^3· d）. The volatile lhtty acids （VFAs） in effluent were increased to 451.1 mg/L from 147.9 mg/L and the specific methane production rate improved by 1.2 2.2-1bid as the OLR increased. The evolution of microbial comnmnities in anaerobic sludge at three different OLRs was investigated using pyrosequencing. Operational taxonomic units （OTUs） at a 3% distance were 353,337 and 233 for OLRI2, OLR36 and OLR54, respectively. When the OLR was increased to 54.0 kgCOD/（m^3· d） from 12.0 kgCOD/ （m^3· d） by stepwise, the microbial community structure were changed significantly. Five genera （Bacteroides, Trichococcus, Cho,seobacterium, Longilinea and Aerococcus） were the dominant fermentative bacteria at the OLR 12-0 kgCOD/（m^3· d）. However, the sample of OLR36 was dominated by Lacmcoccus, Trichococcus, Anaer-arcus and Veillonella. At the last stage （OLR = 54.0 kgCOD/ （m^3· d）, the diversity and percentage of femlentative bacteria were markedly increased. Apart from fermentative bacteria, an obvious shift was observed in hydrogen-producing acetogens and non- acetotrophic methanogens as OLR increased. Svntrophohacter, Geobacter and Methanomethylovor- ans were the dominant hydrogen-producing acetogens and methylotrophic methanogens in the samples of OLRI2 and OLR36. When the OLR was increased to 54.0 kgCOD/（m^3· d）, the mare hydrogen-producing acetogens and hydrogenotrophic methanogens were substituted with Destd/bvi- brio and Methanospillum. However, the composition of acetotrophic methanogens （Methanosaeta） was relatively stable during the whole operation period of the UASB reactor.

关键词： Upflow anaerobic sludge blanket Sugar refinery wastewater Organic loading rate Pyrosequencing Microbial community structure

Continuous biohydrogen production from diluted molasses in an anaerobic contact reactor

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Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering 2011年第1期5卷 140-148页

作者： Sheng CHANG jianzheng li Feng liU State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment School of Municipal and Environmental EngineeringHarbin Institute of TechnologyHarbin 150090China

An anaerobic contact reactor (ACR) systemcomprising a continuous flow stirred tank reactor (CSTR)with settler to decouple the hydraulic retention time(HRT) from solids retention time (SRT) was developedfor fermentative hydrogen production from dilutedmolasses by mixed microbial cultures. The ACR wasoperated at various volumetric loading rates (VLRs) of20-44 kgCOD·m^(-3)·d^(-1) with constant HRT of 6 h undermesophilic conditions of 35°C. The SRTwas maintained atabout 46-50 h in the system. At the initial VLR of20 kgCOD·m^(-3)·d^(-1), the hydrogen production rate droppedfrom 22.6 to 1.58 L·d^(-1) as the hydrogen was consumed bythe hydrogentrophic methanogen. After increasing theVLR to 28 kgCOD·m^(-3)·d^(-1) and discharging the sludge for6 consecutive times, the hydrogentrophic methanogenswere eliminated, and the hydrogen content reached 36.4%.As the VLR was increased to 44 kgCOD·m^(-3)·d^(-1), thehydrogen production rate and hydrogen yield increased to42.1 L·d^(-1) and 1.40 mol H2·molglucose-consumed^(-1),respectively. The results showed that a stable ethanoltypefermentation that favored hydrogen production inthe reactor was thus established with the sludgeloading rate (SLR) of 2.0-2.5 kgCOD·kgMLVSS-1·d^(-1).It was found that the ethanol increased more than otherliquid fermentation products, and the ethanol/acetic acid(mol/mol) ratio increased from 1.27 to 2.45 when the VLRincreased from 28 to 44 kgCOD·m^(-3)·d^(-1), whereas thehydrogen composition decreased from 40.4% to 36.4%.The results suggested that the anaerobic contact reactorwas a promising bioprocess for fermentative hydrogenproduction.

关键词： fermentative hydrogen production anaerobic contact reactor(ACR) sludge loading rate(SLR) butyric acid-type fermentation ethanol-type fermentation

Performance and microbial community analysis of an algal-activated sludge symbiotic system: Effect of activated sludge concentration

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2019年第2期31卷 121-132页

作者： li Sun Wei Zuo Yu Tian Jun Zhang Jia liu Ni Sun jianzheng li State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment (SKLUWRE) School of EnvironmentHarbin Institute of Technology

It was focused on the effect of different sludge concentrations on the performances of an algal-activated sludge symbiotic system in terms of wastewater treatment, algal-activated sludge characteristics and community structure. The results showed that the highest nutrient removal efficiencies were obtained in the reactor R^2 with soluble chemical oxygen demand(sC OD), ammonia nitrogen(NH_4^+-N) and phosphate(PO_4^(3-)-P) removal efficiencies of(90.6 ± 2.3)%,(97.69 ± 2.6)% and(83.81 ± 2.3)%, respectively. Further investigation exhibited that sludge concentration has a great effect on the dissolved oxygen(DO) concentration, the pH, the growth of algae and the extracellular polymeric substance(EPS) production, which resulted in influencing the settleability and the performance of symbiotic system. The denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis(DGGE) analysis demonstrated that the sludge concentration had a selective power for particular members of algae. Meantime, the stimulated algal population would selectively excite the members of bacteria benefited for the formation of algal-bacterial consortia.The variation of microbial compositions, which was influenced by the different sludge concentrations, might be ultimately responsible for the different treatment performances.

关键词： Algal-activated sludge symbiotic system Sludge concentration Wastewater treatment Algal and bacterial communities

A syntrophic propionate-oxidizing microflora and its bioaugmentation on anaerobic wastewater treatment for enhancing methane production and COD removal

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Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering 2016年第4期10卷 147-155页

作者： Chong liu jianzheng li Shuo Wang Loring Nies State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment Harbin Institute of Technology Harbin 150090 China School of Environment and Civil Engineering Jiangnan University Wuxi 214122 China School of Civil Engineering Purdue University West LafayetteIN 47907 USA

Methane fermentation process can be restricted and even destroyed by the accumulation of propionate because it is the most difficult to be anaerobically oxidized among the volatile fatty acids produced by acetogenesis. To enhance anaerobic wastewater treatment process for methane production and COD removal, a syntrophic propionate-oxidizing microflora B83 was obtained from an anaerobic activated sludge by enrichment with propionate. The inoculation of microflora B83, with a 1：9 ratio of bacteria number to that of the activated sludge, could enhance the methane production from glucose by 2.5 times. With the same inoculation dosage of the microflora B83, COD removal in organic wastewater treatment process was improved from 75.6% to 86.6%, while the specific methane production by COD removal was increased by 2.7 times. Hydrogen-producing acetogene_sis.appeared to be a rate-limiting step in methane termentation, and the enhancement orhydrogen-producing acetogens in the anaerobic wastewater treatment process had improved not only the hydrogen-producing acetogenesis but also the acidogenesis and methanogenesis.

关键词： Anaerobic wastewater treatment Methane production Hydrogen-producing acetogenesis Methanogenesis Rate-limiting step Bioaugmentation

Effect of different gas releasing methods on anaerobic fermentative hydrogen production in batch cultures

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Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering 2012年第6期6卷 901-906页

作者： Sheng CHANG jianzheng li Feng liU Ze YU State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment School of Municipal and Environmental EngineeringHarbin Institute of TechnologyHarbin 150090China

Decreasing hydrogen partial pressure can not only increase the activity of the hydrogen enzyme but also decrease the products inhibition, so it is an appropriate method to enhance the fermentative hydrogen production from anaerobic mixed culture. The effect ofbiogas release method on anaerobic fermentative hydrogen production in batch culture system was compared, i.e., Owen method with intermediately release, continuous releasing method, and continuous releasing ＋ CO2 absorbing. The experi- mental results showed that, at 35℃, initial pH 7.0 and glucose concentration of 10 g.L-1, the hydrogen produc- tion was only 28 mL when releasing gas by Owen method, while it increased two times when releasing the biogas continuously. The cumulative hydrogen production could reach 155 mL when carbon dioxide in the gas stream was continuously absorbed by 1 mol.L-1 NaOH. The results showed that acetate was dominated, accounting for 43% in the dissolved fermentation products in Owen method, whereas the butyrate predominated and reached 47%-53% of the total liquid end products when releasing gas continuously. It is concluded that the homoacetogenesis could be suppressed when absorbing CO2 in the gas phase in fermentative hydrogen production system.

关键词： batch fermentation hydrogen production,biogas releasing hydrogen pressure homoacetogenesis

Effects of COD to Phosphorus Ratios on the Metabolism of PAOs in Enhanced Biological Phosphorus Removal with Different Carbon Sources

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Journal of Harbin Institute of Technology(New Series) 2015年第4期22卷 87-91页

作者： Tao Jiang Junguo He Xiaonan Yang jianzheng li School of Municipal and Environmental Engineering Harbin Institute of Technology School of Energy and Civil Engineering Harbin University of Commerce

To elucidate the phosphorus removal and metabolism under various COD / P ratio,a sludge highly enriched in PAOs was used to investigate the impacts of COD / P in batch tests under different carbon supply conditions. Acetate,propionate and a mixture of acetate and propionate at a ratio of 3 ∶ 1( COD basis) was used as carbon sources with the COD / P of 20,15,10 and 5. 0 g COD /gP,respectively. The minimum COD / P ratios for complete P removal were found to be 8. 24 g COD /gP for acetate,11. 40 g COD /gP for propionate and9. 10 g COD /gP for the 3 ∶ 1 mixture of acetate and propionate. Converted to a mass basis,all three cases had a very similar ratio of 7. 7 g VFA /gP,which represented a useful guide for operation of EBPR plants to identify possible shortages in VFAs. The trend in PHV accumulation during the anaerobic period along with the decrease of COD / P ratios suggested that,PAOs may use the TCA pathway for anaerobic VFA uptake to maintain the required NADH production with reduced glycogen degradation. During the aerobic phase,the glycogen pool was reduced but remained enough compared to the requirement for anaerobic VFA uptake,and the synthesis and degradation of glycogen was not the inhibition factor of PAOs.

关键词： enhanced biological phosphorus removal COD / P ratio acetate glycogen

Effect of illumination on the hydrogen-production capability of anaerobic activated sludge

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Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering 2012年第1期6卷 125-130页

作者： Guochen ZHENG jianzheng li Feng ZHAO liguo ZHANG li WEI Qiaoying BAN Yongsheng ZHAO Songliao River Basin Water Resources Protection Bureau Changchun 130021China State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment Harbin Institute of TechnologyHarbin 150090China Key Laboratory of Groundwater Resources and Environment(Ministry of Education) Jilin UniversityChangchun 130021China

To investigate the influence of illumination on the fermentative hydrogen production system, the hydro- gen production efficiencies of two kinds of anaerobic activated sludge （floc and granule） from an anaerobic baffled reactor were detected under visible light, dark and light-dark, respectively. The 10 mL floc sludge or granular sludge was respectively inoculated to 100 mL diluted molasses （chemical oxygen demand of 8000 mg.L^-1） in a 250 mL serum bottle, and cultured for 24 h at 37℃ under different illumination conditions. The results showed that the floc was more sensitive to illumination than the granule. A hydrogen yield of 19.8 mL was obtained in the dark with a specific hydrogen production rate of 3.***.kgLMLVSS.d^-1 （floc）, which was the highest among the three illumination conditions. Under dark condition, the hydrogen yield of floc sludge reached the highest with the specific hydrogen production rate of 3.***.kg^-1MLVSS.d^-1, and under light-dark, light, the specific hydrogen production rate was 3.11 and 2.***.kg^-1 MLVSS.d-1, respectively. The results demonstrated that the illumination may affect the dehydrogenase activity of sludge as well as the activity of hydrogen-producing acetogens and then impact hydrogen production capacity.

关键词： biohydrogen production dark fermentation anaerobic activated sludge light dehydrogenase

Fermentative hydrogen production from beet sugar factory wastewater treatment in a continuous stirred tank reactor using anaerobic mixed consortia

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Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering 2013年第1期7卷 143-150页

作者： Gefu ZHU Chaoxiang liU jianzheng li Nanqi REN lin liU Xu HUANG Key Laboratory of Urban Environment and Health Institute of Urban Environment Chinese Academy of Sciences Xiamen 361021 China School of Municipal and Environmental Engineering Harbin Institute of Technology Harbin 150090 China

A low pH, ethanol-type fermentation process was evaluated for wastewater treatment and bio-hydrogen production from acidic beet sugar factory wastewater in a continuous stirred tank reactor (CSTR) with an effective volume of 9.6 L by anaerobic mixed cultures in this present study. After inoculating with aerobic activated sludge and operating at organic loading rate (OLR) of 12 kgCOD?m ·d , HRT of 8h, and temperature of 35°C for 28 days, the CSTR achieved stable ethanol-type fermentation. When OLR was further increased to 18 kgCOD?m ·d on the 53rd day, ethanol-type fermentation dominant microflora was enhanced. The liquid fermentation products, including volatile fatty acids (VFAs) and ethanol, stabilized at 1493 mg·L in the bioreactor. Effluent pH, oxidation-reduction potential (ORP), and alkalinity ranged at 4.1–4.5, -250–(-290) mV, and 230–260 mgCaCO ?L . The specific hydrogen production rate of anaerobic activated sludge was 0.1 L?gMLVSS ·d and the COD removal efficiency was 45%. The experimental results showed that the CSTR system had good operation stability and microbial activity, which led to high substrate conversion rate and hydrogen production ability.

关键词： fermentative hydrogen production continuous stirred tank reactor (CSTR) specific hydrogen production rate beet sugar factory wastewater ethanol-type fermentation