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Local-contrastive-learning machine with both generalization and adversarial robustness: A statistical physics analysis

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Science China(Physics,Mechanics & Astronomy) 2025年第1期Mechanics & Astronomy) .卷 109-123页

作者： Mingshan Xie Yuchen Wang Haiping huang PMI Lab School of Physics Sun Yat-sen University Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Magnetoelectric Physics and Devices Sun Yat-sen University

Distinct from human cognitive processing, deep neural networks trained by backpropagation can be easily fooled by adversarial examples. To design a semantically meaningful representation learning, we discard backpropagation, and instead, propose a local contrastive learning, where the representations for the inputs bearing the same label shrink(akin to boson) in hidden layers,while those of different labels repel(akin to fermion). This layer-wise learning is local in nature, being biologically plausible.A statistical mechanics analysis shows that the target fermion-pair-distance is a key parameter. Moreover, the application of this local contrastive learning to MNIST benchmark dataset demonstrates that the adversarial vulnerability of standard perceptron can be greatly mitigated by tuning the target distance, i.e., controlling the geometric separation of prototype manifolds.

关键词： machine learning statistical mechanics adversarial robustness neural networks

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克氏原螯虾低温休眠保活技术研究

中国水产科学 2024年第7期31卷 810-819页

作者：阮记明钟智威黄建珍温娇萍王朝傅雪军王润萍江西农业大学动物科学技术学院江西省萍乡市农业技术推广中心江西省水生生物保护救助中心

本研究旨在探究低温休眠对克氏原螯虾(Procambarus clarkii)存活率、表观性状、免疫功能、抗氧化能力和肌肉品质的影响,为克氏原螯虾反季节上市提供参考。选取体重(17.98±0.83) g、体长(6.55±0.07) cm的克氏原螯虾,首先由25℃以5℃/h... 详细信息

本研究旨在探究低温休眠对克氏原螯虾(Procambarus clarkii)存活率、表观性状、免疫功能、抗氧化能力和肌肉品质的影响,为克氏原螯虾反季节上市提供参考。选取体重(17.98±0.83) g、体长(6.55±0.07) cm的克氏原螯虾,首先由25℃以5℃/h速率降温,确定其临界休眠温度和致死温度。再分别设置2℃/h、3℃/h、4℃/h、5℃/h降温和升温速率,根据其在不同降温速率、休眠温度和升温速率等条件下的存活率变化,确定最适休眠条件。最后,检测最适休眠条件下克氏原螯虾表观性状、血清免疫和抗氧化指标以及肌肉品质的变化情况。结果显示,克氏原螯虾的临界休眠温度为7℃,临界死亡温度为0℃;不同的降温速率中，以2℃/h速率进行降温，虾的存活率最高[(97.50±1.12)%];不同升温速率中，以2℃/h速率进行升温时虾的存活率最高[(98.33±1.05)%];不同的休眠温度组中，休眠60 d后,5℃下进行低温休眠的虾存活率最高[(60.50±2.02)%];故确定以2℃/h降温、5℃休眠和2℃/h升温为本研究克氏原螯虾最适休眠条件;最适休眠条件下,克氏原螯虾休眠60 d与0 d相比,体重、体长、肥满度(CF)、肝胰腺重和肝胰腺指数(HSI)变化不显著(P>0.05);最适休眠条件下,克氏原螯虾休眠30 d时,血清AKP活性显著高于其余休眠时间点(P0.05);最适休眠条件下,克氏原螯虾休眠60 d与0 d相比,其肌肉硬度和恢复性显著降低(P0.05)。综上,2℃/h的降温速率、5℃休眠和2℃/h的升温速率为本研究条件下克氏原螯虾的最适低温休眠保活条件;以该条件休眠60 d,克氏原螯虾表观性状变化不显著;其免疫和抗氧化调节功能随着休眠时间的延长减弱,存活率降低。此外,低温休眠会引起克氏原螯虾肌肉部分理化性质发生变化,但风味成分未发生显著变化。

关键词：克氏原螯虾低温休眠存活率免疫指标肌肉品质

Neuropeptide cholecystokinin:a key neuromodulator for hippocampal functions

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第7期20卷 1991-1992页

作者： Fengwen huang Stephen Temitayo Bello Department of Neuroscience City University of Hong KongKowloon TongHong Kong Special Administrative RegionChina Center for Regenerative Medicine and Health Hong Kong Institute of Science&InnovationChinese Academy of SciencesHong Kong Special Administrative RegionChina

Spatial memory is crucial for survival within external surroundings and wild *** hippocampus,a critical hub for spatial learning and memory formation,has received extensive investigations on how neuromodulators shape its functions(Teixeira et al.,2018;Zhang et al.,2024).However,the landscape of neuromodulations in the hippocampal system remains poorly understood because most studies focus on classical monoamine neuromodulators,such as acetylcholine,serotonin,dopamine,and *** neuropeptides,comprising the most abundant neuromodulators in the central nervous system,play a pivotal role in neural information processing in the hippocampal ***(CCK),one of the most abundant neuropeptides,has been implicated in regulating various physiological and neurobiological statuses(Chen et al.,2019).CCK-A receptor(CCK-AR)and CCK-B receptors(CCK-BR)are two key receptors mediating the biological functions of CCK,both of which belong to class-A sevenfold transmembrane G protein-coupled receptors(Nishimura et al.,2015).CCK-AR preferentially reacts to sulfated CCK,whereas CCK-BR binds both CCK and gastrin with similar affinities(Ding et al.,2022).The expression patterns of CCK-AR and CCK-BR are distinct,implying that CCK has various functions in target *** instance,CCK-AR is widely expressed in the GI and brain subregions and is hence implicated in the control of digestive function and satiety ***,CCK-BR is abundantly and widely distributed in the central nervous system,which majorly regulates anxiety,learning,and memory(Ding et al.,2022).However,the roles of endogenous CCK and CCK receptors in regulating hippocampal function at electrophysiological and behavioral levels have received less attention.

关键词： abundant functions modulator

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非表活类两亲分子在水剂配方中的应用

广东化工 2019年第16期46卷 35-36,42页

作者：陈剑晖钱进黄建珍广州市白云联佳精细化工厂广东广州510410 广东丹姿集团有限公司广东广州510445 广州市科能化妆品科研有限公司广东广州510890

非表活类两亲分子是一类具有亲水性和部分亲油性的水溶化合物。因其亲水能力强亲油能力很弱,所以不具备表活的全部特性,比如不具备起泡性,不具备乳化性能,但也保留了部分表面活性。在水溶液中它们能自动形成双分子层结构,降低水的表面张... 详细信息

非表活类两亲分子是一类具有亲水性和部分亲油性的水溶化合物。因其亲水能力强亲油能力很弱,所以不具备表活的全部特性,比如不具备起泡性,不具备乳化性能,但也保留了部分表面活性。在水溶液中它们能自动形成双分子层结构,降低水的表面张力,增加水剂产品的油润质感,改善半干或干后的粘腻感,对于水剂产品中的肤感改良起着重要作用。

关键词：两亲分子表面活性肤感改良

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永久性心脏起搏器植入术后并发症的分析

心电与循环 2014年第5期33卷 386-388页

作者：黄建振钱正明俞金芳浙江省杭州市萧山区第一人民医院心内科 311200

目的比较<70岁患者与≥70岁患者起搏器植入后并发症的发生率,评估起搏器植入术后的安全性。方法选择237例于2006年1月至2011年12月在我院行永久性心脏起搏器植入患者的临床资料,根据年龄分为<70岁组178例,≥70岁组59例,随访2年比较两组... 详细信息

目的比较<70岁患者与≥70岁患者起搏器植入后并发症的发生率,评估起搏器植入术后的安全性。方法选择237例于2006年1月至2011年12月在我院行永久性心脏起搏器植入患者的临床资料,根据年龄分为<70岁组178例,≥70岁组59例,随访2年比较两组并发症发生情况。结果发生起搏器并发症25例(10.55%),其中囊袋出血/血肿11例,囊袋破溃/感染4例,起搏器介导心动过速5例,起搏综合征4例,电极脱位/断裂1例,两组并发症发生率差异无统计学意义。结论起搏器植入术后并发症并未随年龄增长而明显增加。

关键词：心脏起搏器并发症随访

The role of axon guidance molecules in the pathogenesis of epilepsy

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第5期20卷 1244-1257页

作者： Zheng Liu Chunhua Pan Hao huang Department of Neurology Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical UniversityZunyiGuizhou ProvinceChina

Current treatments for epilepsy can only manage the symptoms of the condition but cannot alter the initial onset or halt the progression of the disease. Consequently, it is crucial to identify drugs that can target novel cellular and molecular mechanisms and mechanisms of action. Increasing evidence suggests that axon guidance molecules play a role in the structural and functional modifications of neural networks and that the dysregulation of these molecules is associated with epilepsy susceptibility. In this review, we discuss the essential role of axon guidance molecules in neuronal activity in patients with epilepsy as well as the impact of these molecules on synaptic plasticity and brain tissue remodeling. Furthermore, we examine the relationship between axon guidance molecules and neuroinflammation, as well as the structural changes in specific brain regions that contribute to the development of epilepsy. Ample evidence indicates that axon guidance molecules, including semaphorins and ephrins, play a fundamental role in guiding axon growth and the establishment of synaptic connections. Deviations in their expression or function can disrupt neuronal connections, ultimately leading to epileptic seizures. The remodeling of neural networks is a significant characteristic of epilepsy, with axon guidance molecules playing a role in the dynamic reorganization of neural circuits. This, in turn, affects synapse formation and elimination. Dysregulation of these molecules can upset the delicate balance between excitation and inhibition within a neural network, thereby increasing the risk of overexcitation and the development of epilepsy. Inflammatory signals can regulate the expression and function of axon guidance molecules, thus influencing axonal growth, axon orientation, and synaptic plasticity. The dysregulation of neuroinflammation can intensify neuronal dysfunction and contribute to the occurrence of epilepsy. This review delves into the mechanisms associated with

关键词： axon guidance drug-resistant epilepsy epilepsy nerve regeneration nervous system diseases neural pathways neuroinflammatory diseases neuronal plasticity neurons synaptic remodeling

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铝合金窗用聚酰胺隔热胶变形原因

理化检验（物理分册） 2023年第11期59卷 35-37页

作者：钟国生黄间珍李志劲佛山市质量计量监督检测中心国家铝型材及门窗制品质量监督检验中心(广东)佛山528000

在某穿条式隔热铝合金建筑型材的生产过程中,其聚酰胺隔热胶在复合部位发生变形。采用组分分析、微观分析、差式扫描量热分析、力学性能测试、红外光谱分析等方法分析了聚酰胺隔热胶变形的原因。结果表明:短碎的玻璃纤维与树脂的结合作... 详细信息

在某穿条式隔热铝合金建筑型材的生产过程中,其聚酰胺隔热胶在复合部位发生变形。采用组分分析、微观分析、差式扫描量热分析、力学性能测试、红外光谱分析等方法分析了聚酰胺隔热胶变形的原因。结果表明:短碎的玻璃纤维与树脂的结合作用力较小;材料的成型温度不足、结晶程度低、熔融峰对应温度偏低使材料的力学性能变差,最终导致聚酰胺隔热胶变形。

关键词：聚酰胺隔热胶变形玻璃纤维抗拉力

Toward Analytical Homogenized Relaxation Modulus for Fibrous Composite Material with Reduced Order Homogenization Method

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2025年第1期82卷 193-222页

作者： Huilin Jia Shanqiao huang Zifeng Yuan HEDPS Center for Applied Physics and Technology(CAPT)Department of Mechanics and Engineering SciencePeking UniversityBeijing100871China State Key Laboratory for Turbulence and Complex Systems Peking UniversityBeijing100871China

In this manuscript,we propose an analytical equivalent linear viscoelastic constitutive model for fiber-reinforced composites,bypassing general computational *** method is based on the reduced-order homogenization(ROH)*** ROH method typically involves solving multiple finite element problems under periodic conditions to evaluate elastic strain and eigenstrain influence functions in an‘off-line’stage,which offers substantial cost savings compared to direct computational homogenization *** to the unique structure of the fibrous unit cell,“off-line”stage calculation can be eliminated by influence functions obtained *** the standard solid model to the ROH method enables the creation of a comprehensive analytical homogeneous viscoelastic constitutive *** method treats fibrous composite materials as homogeneous,anisotropic viscoelastic materials,significantly reducing computational time due to its analytical *** approach also enables precise determination of a homogenized anisotropic relaxation modulus and accurate capture of various viscoelastic responses under different loading *** sets of numerical examples,including unit cell tests,three-point beam bending tests,and torsion tests,are given to demonstrate the predictive performance of the homogenized viscoelastic ***,the model is validated against experimental measurements,confirming its accuracy and reliability.

关键词： Homogenized relaxation modulus viscoelastic standard solid model reduced order homogenization fibrous composite material

舒血宁注射液联合瑞舒伐他汀治疗不稳定型心绞痛的临床观察

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中国现代应用药学 2014年第5期31卷 606-609页

作者：贺晓瑜郑方算黄剑臻湖南省水利水电医院长沙410007 中南大学职工医院铁道分院长沙410075 湖南省脑科医院长沙410007

目的探讨舒血宁注射液联合瑞舒伐他汀治疗不稳定型心绞痛的临床疗效和安全性。方法不稳定型心绞痛患者122例,随机分成2组:对照组60例,给予硝酸酯类、β受体阻滞剂等常规治疗及瑞舒伐他汀20 mg,1次·d?1,每晚睡前口服;治疗组62例,在此基... 详细信息

目的探讨舒血宁注射液联合瑞舒伐他汀治疗不稳定型心绞痛的临床疗效和安全性。方法不稳定型心绞痛患者122例,随机分成2组:对照组60例,给予硝酸酯类、β受体阻滞剂等常规治疗及瑞舒伐他汀20 mg,1次·d?1,每晚睡前口服;治疗组62例,在此基础上加用舒血宁注射液20 mL,静脉滴注,qd,均4周为一疗程。观察治疗前后心绞痛控制情况、硝酸甘油含服量、心电图变化、血液流变学指标、血脂水平及C反应蛋白等的变化。结果疗程结束后,对照组和治疗组心绞痛症状控制总有效率分别70.0%和91.3%,2组比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.01);心电图总有效率分别为55.0%和71.0%,2组比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.01)。治疗组血液流变学指标、C反应蛋白及血脂水平的改善均优于对照组,2组比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05或P<0.01)。结论舒血宁注射液联合瑞舒伐他汀治疗不稳定型心绞痛,临床效果好,不良反应少。

关键词：舒血宁注射液瑞舒伐他汀不稳定型心绞痛