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Seasonal and Interannual Variations of Carbon Exchange over a Rice–Wheat Rotation System on the North China Plain

Advances in Atmospheric Sciences 2015年第10期32卷 1365-1380页

作者： CHEN Chen LI Dan GAO Zhiqiu jianwu tang GUO Xiaofeng WANG Linlin WAN Bingcheng State Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Boundary Layer Physics and Atmospheric Chemistry Institute of Atmospheric PhysicsChinese Academy of Sciences Graduate University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Program of Atmospheric and Oceanic Sciences Princeton University The Ecosystems Center Marine Biological Laboratory

Rice-wheat （R-W） rotation systems are ubiquitous in South and East Asia, and play an important role in modulating the carbon cycle and climate. Long-term, continuous flux measurements help in better understanding the seasonal and interannual variation of the carbon budget over R-W rotation systems. In this study, measurements of CO2 fluxes and meteorological variables over an R-W rotation system on the North China Plain from 2007 to 2010 were analyzed. To analyze the abiotic factors regulating Net Ecosystem Exchange （NEE）, NEE was partitioned into gross primary production （GPP） and ecosystem respiration. Nighttime NEE or ecosystem respiration was controlled primarily by soil temperature, while daytime NEE was mainly determined by photosythetically active radiation （PAR）. The responses of nighttime NEE to soil temperature and daytime NEE to light were closely associated with crop development and photosynthetic activity, respectively. Moreover, the interannual variation in GPP and NEE mainly depended on precipitation and PAR. Overall, NEE was negative on the annual scale and the rotation system behaved as a carbon sink of 982 g C m 2 per year over the three years. The winter wheat field took up more CO2 than the rice paddy during the longer growing season, while the daily NEE for wheat and rice were -2.35 and -3.96 g C m-2, respectively. After the grain harvest was subtracted from the NEE, the winter wheat field became a moderately strong carbon sink of 251-334 g C m-2 per season, whereas the rice paddy switched to a weak carbon sink of 107-132 per season.

关键词： net ecosystem exchange gross primary production rice-wheat rotation system

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Coastal blue carbon： Concept, study method, and the application to ecological restoration

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Science China Earth Sciences 2018年第6期61卷 637-646页

作者： jianwu tang Shufeng YE Xuechu CHEN Hualei YANG Xiaohong SUN Faming WANG Quan WEN Shaobo CHEN Marine Biological Laboratory Woods Hole 02543 USA College of Ecology and Environmental Science East China Normal University State Key Laboratory of Estuarine and Coastal Research Shanghai Key Lab for Urban Ecological Processes and Eco-Restoration Shanghai 200241 China East China Sea Branch of State Oceanic Administration Shanghai 200137 China Marine College Shandong University (Weihai) Weihai 264209 China Environmental Monitoring Center State Oceanic Administration Dalian 116203 China Zhejiang Mariculture Research Institute Wenzhou 325005 China

Coastal blue carbon refers to the carbon taken from atmospheric CO2; fixed by advanced plants(including salt marsh,mangrove, and seagrass), phytoplankton, macroalgae, and marine calcifiers via the interaction of plants and microbes; and stored in nearshore sediments and soils; as well as the carbon transported from the coast to the ocean and ocean floor. The carbon sequestration capacity per unit area of coastal blue carbon is far greater than that of the terrestrial carbon pool. The mechanisms and controls of the carbon sink from salt marshes, mangroves, seagrasses, the aquaculture of shellfish and macroalgae, and the microbial carbon pump need to be further studied. The methods to quantify coastal blue carbon include carbon flux measurements, carbon pool measurements, manipulative experiments, and modeling. Restoring, conserving, and enhancing blue carbon will increase carbon sinks and produce carbon credits, which could be traded on the carbon market. The need to tackle climate change and implement China's commitment to cut carbon emissions requires us to improve studies on coastal blue carbon science and policy. The knowledge learned from coastal blue carbon improves the conservation and restoration of salt marshes,mangroves, and seagrasses; enhances the function of the microbial carbon pump; and promotes sustainable aquaculture, such as ocean ranching.

关键词： Coastal Blue carbon Ecological restoration Salt marsh Mangrove Seagrass Microbial carbon pump Aquaculture carbon sink

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Establishment and drug sensitivity evaluation of murine ascites hepatocarcinoma cell line with high lymphatic metastatic potential (Hca-P/L_(6))

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Frontiers of Medicine 2009年第2期3卷 119-129页

作者： Hongying ZHANG jianwu tang Wenting ZHU Chunxiu HU Guowang XU Department of Pathology&Forensic Medicine Dalian Medical UniversityDalian 116044China National Chromatographic R&A Center Dalian Institute of Chemical PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesDalian 116023China

In order to provide a sensitive cell line model for investigating the mechanisms underlying the lymphatic metastasis of tumors and the effect of medicine against cells,a new murine ascites hepatocarcinoma cell line with high lymphatic metastatic potential(Hca-P/L_(6))was established and the effect of curcumin on biological behavior of Hca-P/L_(6) was *** ascites hepatocarcinoma cell strain with low lymphatic metastatic potential(Hca-P)was subcutaneously inoculated into the medioventral line of a mouse 615 and theﬁrst generation of metastatic tumor cells of inguinal lymph node(Hca-P/L_(1))was ***,Hca-P/L_(1) was screened by the route of mouse foot pad subcutaneously!lymph node!scale-up culture in vitro!mouse foot pad subcuta-neously forﬁve times *** sensitivity of two murine ascites hepatocarcinoma cell lines(Hca-P and Hca-P/L_(6))and two anchorage-dependent human hepato-carcinoma cell lines(SMC7721 and HepG_(2))to curcumin were studied by use of 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide(MTT)assay after these cells had been pretreated by curcumin at the concentration of 15–240μmol/L for 48 *** pretreatment by curcumin at the maximum non-cytotoxic dose of 15μmol/L in vitro,the effect of curcumin against cell proliferation of Hca-P and Hca-P/L6 was observed by inverted micro-scope,cell growth curve and cell population doubling time;the effects of curcumin on cell cycles of Hca-P/L6 and Hca-P were studied byﬂow cytometry(FCM).The results showed Hca-P/L_(6) spreading to the lymph nodes at multiple sites in mice was screened from *** lymph node metastatic rate was 100%.Curcumin had signiﬁcant growth inhibiting effect on both murine ascites and human hepatocarcinoma cell lines in a dose-dependent manner(P<0.05).At concentrations of 30–120μmol/L,curcu-min had more inhibition on murine ascites hepatocarci-noma cell lines than on human anchorage-dependent hepatocarcinoma cell *** concentrations of 60–240μmo

关键词： murine ascites hepatocarcinoma cell line metastasis curcumin drug sensitivity

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Mechanisms on inhibition of photosynthesis in Kandelia obovata due to extreme cold events under climate change

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Ecological Processes 2016年第1期5卷 250-260页

作者： Chunfang Zheng jianwu tang Jinong Chen Weicheng Liu Jianbiao Qiu Xin Peng Yong Ye Zhejiang Mariculture Research Institute Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Exploitation and Preservation of Coastal Bio-resourceWenzhou 325005ZhejiangPeople’s Republic of China Nanji Islands National Marine Nature Reserve Administration Pingyang 325401People’s Republic of China Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Eduction for Coastal and Wetland Ecosystem College of the Environment and EcologyXiamen UniversityXiamen 361005People’s Republic of China

Introduction:Mangroves that grow at the latitudinal extremes of their distribution are susceptible to extreme cold *** enhancement of low temperature stress(seLTS)is a typical characteristic of extreme cold *** temperature stress can inhibit mangrove photosynthesis,which often inhibits the growth and development of ***,the possible reasons for impairment to photosynthesis of mangroves due to extreme cold events remain ***:Kandelia obovata seedlings in a growth chamber were exposed to 5℃/−2℃(day/night)for 36 h(−2℃ for 16 h)with 12 h light per day at 600μmol m^(−2) s^(−1) photosynthetic photon flux density(PPFD)(a low temperature stress,aLTS),then the plants were transferred to the control condition(15℃/10℃(day/night)and allowed to recover for 5 days(R1).The other seedlings were subjected to low temperature treatment with a day/night temperature of 5℃/−1℃ in a growth chamber for 24 *** these plants were transferred to 5℃/−2℃(day/night)under the same light and climate conditions for 36 h(two low temperature stresses,tLTS).Following the successive enhancement of low temperature treatment,these plants were returned to 15℃/10℃(day/night)for another 5-day recovery period(R2).Results:Results showed that aLTS treatment significantly reduced leaf net photosynthetic rate(P_(n))and stomatal conductance(G_(s)),while increased intercellular CO_(2) concentration(C_(i)).Photosynthetic activity of leaves quickly recovered after the plants were returned to control temperature for 5 days(R1).However,decreases in leaf Pn were more obvious under tLTS treatment than those under aLTS *** reduced Pn might be attributed to stomatal and non-stomatal ***,non-stomatal limitation played a major role in reducing Pn during tLTS treatment,as proven by reduced ribulose 1,5-biphosphate carboxylase(RuBPCase)*** limitation also enhanced lipid peroxidation in chloroplasts,decreased sucrosemetabolizing enzymes and ra

关键词： Kandelia obovata Low temperature Gas exchange Sucrose synthesis Peptidase

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Recovery of photosynthesis,sucrose metabolism,and proteolytic enzymes in Kandelia obovata from rare cold events in the northernmost mangrove,China

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Ecological Processes 2016年第1期5卷 108-119页

作者： Chunfang Zheng Yong Ye Weicheng Liu jianwu tang Chengnian Zhang Jianbiao Qiu Jinong Chen Wenzhou Ocean Research Institute Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Exploitation and Preservation of Coastal Bio-resourceZhejiang Mariculture Research InstituteWenzhou 325000China Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Coastal and Wetland Ecosystem College of the Environment and EcologyXiamen UniversityXiamenChina Nanji Islands National Marine Nature Reserve Administration PingyangChina Wenzhou Vocational College of Science and Technology WenzhouChina

Introduction:Understanding how mangroves respond to rare cold events has implications for both restoration and conservation under climate change *** study investigated the responses of photosynthesis and activities of key enzymes involving carbon and nitrogen metabolism at different ages of Kandelia obovata to a rare cold event in the winter of ***:This study took place on Ximen Island,Zhejiang Province,*** measured the physiological recovery of 2-3-,5-6-,9-10-and 54-55-year-old *** trees after freezing injury in February and March in 2011 and 2012,***:Chilling injury index and electrolyte leakage of *** increased with increasing tree age in the winter of 2010,and electrolyte leakage in *** at different ages in the winter of 2010 was far higher than that in the winter of *** rare cold events significantly changed the recoveries of the leaf net photosynthetic rate(Pn)and stomatal conductance(Gs);ratios of chlorophyll a/chlorophyll b(Chl a/Chl b);contents of total soluble sugar(TSS),sucrose,free amino acid(FAA),and soluble protein;and activities of sucrose phosphate synthase(SPS),endopeptidase,and carboxypeptidase in *** at different *** effects were mainly due to changes in the physiological mechanism in the 2-year-old trees.A clear decrease in Pn of the 2-year-old trees was observed in February 2011,as exemplified by reductions in ratios of Chl a/Chl b and chlorophyll/carotenoid(Chl/Car),as well as inhibition of the levels of TSS and FAA(osmotic substances).During recovery in 2011 and 2012,the activities of SPS and sucrose synthase(SS)were responsible for sucrose synthesis after the rare cold events in 2011,but only SPS activity was one of the main factors contributing to the metabolism of stachyose to sucrose without cold damage in *** played a more important role than endopeptidase during protein hydrolysis after the rare cold ***:The results suggest that

关键词： Kandelia obovata Photosynthesis Sucrose synthase Rare cold events Peptidase

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Global blue carbon accumulation in tidal wetlands increases with climate change

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National Science Review 2021年第9期8卷 145-155页

作者： Faming Wang Christian J.Sanders Isaac R.Santos jianwu tang Mark Schuerch Matthew L.Kirwan Robert E.Kopp Kai Zhu Xiuzhen Li Jiacan Yuan Wenzhi Liu Zhian Li Xiaoliang Research Station for Tropical Coastal Ecosystems Key Laboratory of Vegetation Restoration and Management of Degraded Ecosystems and the CAS Engineering Laboratory for Ecological Restoration of Island and Coastal Ecosystems South China Botanical Garden Chinese Academy of Sciences Center of Plant Ecology Core Botanical Gardens Chinese Academy of Sciences Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory(Guangzhou) State Key Laboratory of Estuarine and Coastal Research and Institute of Eco-Chongming East China Normal University National Marine Science Centre School of Environment Science and Engineering Southern Cross University Department of Marine Sciences University of Gothenburg Lincoln Centre for Water and Planetary Health School of Geography University of Lincoln Virginia Institute of Marine Science College of William and Mary Department of Earth and Planetary Sciences and Rutgers Institute of Earth Ocean and Atmospheric Sciences Rutgers University Department of Environmental Studies University of California Department of Atmospheric and Oceanic Sciences Fudan University CAS Key Laboratory of Aquatic Botany and Watershed Ecology Wuhan Botanical GardenChinese Academy of Sciences

Coastal tidal wetlands produce and accumulate significant amounts of organic carbon(C) that help to mitigate climate change. However, previous data limitations have prevented a robust evaluation of the global rates and mechanisms driving C accumulation. Here, we go beyond recent soil C stock estimates to reveal global tidal wetland C accumulation and predict changes under relative sea level rise, temperature and precipitation. We use data from literature study sites and our new observations spanning wide latitudinal gradients and 20 countries. Globally, tidal wetlands accumulate 53.65(95%CI: 48.52–59.01)Tg C yr-1, which is ～30% of the organic C buried on the ocean floor. Modeling based on current climatic drivers and under projected emissions scenarios revealed a net increase in the global C accumulation by2100. This rapid increase is driven by sea level rise in tidal marshes, and higher temperature and precipitation in mangroves. Countries with large areas of coastal wetlands, like Indonesia and Mexico, are more susceptible to tidal wetland C losses under climate change, while regions such as Australia, Brazil, the USA and China will experience a significant C accumulation increase under all projected scenarios.

关键词： coastal wetlands blue C C burial rate global change

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Leaf and root phenology and biomass of Eriophorum vaginatum in response to warming in the Arctic

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Journal of Plant Ecology 2022年第5期15卷 1091-1105页

作者： Ting Ma Thomas Parker Ned Fetcher Steven L.Ungers Jon Gewirtzman Michael L.Moody jianwu tang The Ecosystems Center Marine Biological LaboratoryWoods HoleMA 02543USA College of Earth and Environmental Sciences Lanzhou UniversityLanzhou 730000China Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences Faculty of Natural SciencesUniversity of StirlingStirlingUK Institute for Environmental Science and Sustainability Wilkes UniversityWilkes-BarrePA 18766USA Department of Biological Sciences Florida International UniversityMiamiFL 33199USA Yale School of the Environment New HavenCT 06520USA Department of Biological Sciences University of Texas at El PasoEl PasoTX 79968USA

The response of plant leaf and root phenology and biomass in the Arctic to global change remains unclear due to the lack of synchronous measurements of above-and belowground *** objective was to determine the phenological dynamics of the above-and belowground parts of Eriophorum vaginatum in the Arctic and its response to *** established a common garden located at Toolik Lake Field Station;tussocks of *** from three locations,Coldfoot,Toolik Lake and Sagwon,were transplanted into the common *** and warming treatments for *** were set up at the Toolik Lake during the growing seasons of 2016 and *** cameras,a handheld sensor and minirhizotrons were used to simultaneously observe leaf greenness,normalized difference vegetation index and root length dynamics,*** and root growth rates of *** were asynchronous such that the timing of maximal leaf growth(mid-july)was about 28 days earlier than that of root *** of air temperature by 1°C delayed the timing of leaf senescence and thus prolonged the growing season,but the temperature increase had no significant effect on root *** seasonal dynamics of leaf biomass were affected by air temperature,whereas root biomass was correlated with soil thaw ***,we suggest that leaf and root components should be considered comprehensively when using carbon and nutrient cycle models,as above-and belowground productivity and functional traits may have a different response to climate warming.

关键词： Eriophorum vaginatum phenology warming aboveground biomass belowground biomass

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Coastal blue carbon in China as a nature-based solution toward carbon neutrality

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The Innovation 2023年第5期4卷 109-123页

作者： Faming Wang Jihua Liu Guoming Qin Jingfan Zhang Jinge Zhou Jingtao Wu Lulu Zhang Poonam Thapa Christian J.Sanders Isaac R.Santos Xiuzhen Li Guanghui Lin Qihao Weng jianwu tang Nianzhi Jiao Hai Ren Xiaoliang Research Station of Tropical Coastal Ecosystems Key Laboratory of Vegetation Restoration and Management of Degraded Ecosystemsand the CAS Engineering Laboratory for Ecological Restoration of lsland and Coastal EcosystemsSouth China Botanical GardenChinese Academy of SciencesGuangzhou 510650China Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory(Guangzhou) Guangzhou 510650China Marine Research Institute Shandong UniversityQingdao 266237China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China National Marine Science Centre Faculty of Science and EngineeringSouther Cross UniversityCoffs HarbourNSW 2450Australia Department of Marine Sciences University of Gothenburg41319 GothenburgSweden State Key Laboratory of Estuarine and Coastal Research and Instiute of Eco-Chongming East China Normal UniversityShanghai 201100China Key Laboratory for Earth System Modeling Ministry of EducationDepartment of Earth System ScienceTsinghua UniversityBejing 100084China Laboratory of Stable Isotope and Gulf Ecology Institute of Ocean EngineeringTsinghua's Shenzhen International Graduate SchoolShenzhen 518055China Department of Land Surveying and Geo-nformatics The Hong Kong Polytechnic UniversiyHongkong 99077China Innovative Research Center for Carbon Neutralization Global ONCE ProgramXiamen 361005China

To achieve the Paris Agreement,China pledged to become“Carbon Neutral”by the *** addition to massive decarbonization,this would require significant changes in ecosystems toward negative CO_(2)*** ability of coastal blue carbon ecosystems(BCEs),including mangrove,salt marsh,and seagrass meadows,to sequester large amounts of CO_(2)makes their conservation and restoration an important“nature-based solution(NbS)”for climate adaptation and *** this review,we examine how BCEs in China can contribute to climate *** the national scale,the BCEs in China store up to 118 Tg C across a total area of 1,440,377 ha,including over 75%as unvegetated tidal *** annual sedimental C burial of these BCEs reaches up to 2.06 Tg C year^(−1),of which most occurs in salt marshes and tidal *** lateral C flux of mangroves and salt marshes contributes to 1.17 Tg C year^(−1)along the Chinese *** and restoration of BCEs benefit climate change mitigation and provide other ecological services with a value of$32,000 ha^(−1)year^(−1).The potential practices and technologies that can be implemented in China to improve BCE C sequestration,including their constraints and feasibility,are also *** directions are suggested to improve blue carbon estimates on aerial extent,carbon stocks,sequestration,and mitigation *** and preserving BCEs would be a cost-effective step to achieve Carbon Neutral by 2060 in China despite various barriers that should be removed.

关键词： tidal coastal carbon

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Erratum to: Mechanisms on inhibition of photosynthesis in Kandelia obovata due to extreme cold events under climate change

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Ecological Processes 2017年第1期6卷 19-20页

Erratum Following publication of the original article(Zheng et al.2016)it was brought to our attention that there was a typographical mistake in figure 6c,whereby the ordinate title had an“e”between the words“Endopeptidase”and“activity”.Please see below for the corrected figure:This has now been updated on the BioMed central website.

关键词： climate extreme change

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广西全州湘山寺放生池群雕艺术探析

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装饰 2015年第8期 70-71页

作者：唐健武陈飞虎湖南大学设计艺术学院湖南大学建筑学院

湘山寺放生池群雕在美化寺院环境的同时,传达了大乘佛教爱护动物、众生平等的宗教关怀,对信众起到直观的教育和感化作用,并以喜闻乐见的题材传递出世俗的美好寓意。它所体现的就地取材、因材施艺、尊重和巧妙利用场所内原生自然物的创... 详细信息

湘山寺放生池群雕在美化寺院环境的同时,传达了大乘佛教爱护动物、众生平等的宗教关怀,对信众起到直观的教育和感化作用,并以喜闻乐见的题材传递出世俗的美好寓意。它所体现的就地取材、因材施艺、尊重和巧妙利用场所内原生自然物的创作原则,值得当今环境艺术决策者和设计者借鉴。

关键词：湘山寺放生池摩崖群雕

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