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Climate and Vegetation Drivers of Terrestrial Carbon Fluxes:A Global Data Synthesis

Advances in Atmospheric Sciences 2019年第7期36卷 679-696页

作者： Shutao CHEN jianwen zou Zhenghua HU Yanyu LU Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Agricultural Meteorology Nanjing University of Information Science and TechnologyNanjing210044China College of Resources and Environmental Sciences Nanjing Agricultural UniversityNanjing210095China School of Applied Meteorology Nanjing University of Information Science and TechnologyNanjing210044China Climate Center Anhui Weather BureauHefei230031China

The terrestrial carbon(C) cycle plays an important role in global climate change, but the vegetation and environmental drivers of C fluxes are poorly understood. We established a global dataset with 1194 available data across site-years including gross primary productivity(GPP), ecosystem respiration(ER), net ecosystem productivity(NEP), and relevant environmental factors to investigate the variability in GPP, ER and NEP, as well as their covariability with climate and vegetation *** results indicated that both GPP and ER increased exponentially with the increase in mean annual temperature(MAT)for all biomes. Besides MAT, annual precipitation(AP) had a strong correlation with GPP(or ER) for non-wetland *** leaf area index(LAI) was an important factor determining C fluxes for all biomes. The variations in both GPP and ER were also associated with variations in vegetation characteristics. The model including MAT, AP and LAI explained 53%of the annual GPP variations and 48% of the annual ER variations across all biomes. The model based on MAT and LAI explained 91% of the annual GPP variations and 92.9% of the annual ER variations for the wetland sites. The effects of LAI on GPP, ER or NEP highlighted that canopy-level measurement is critical for accurately estimating ecosystem–atmosphere exchange of carbon dioxide. The present study suggests a significance of the combined effects of climate and vegetation(e.g.,LAI) drivers on C fluxes and shows that climate and LAI might influence C flux components differently in different climate regions.

关键词： net ecosystem productivity gross primary productivity ecosystem respiration controlling factors vegetation model

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Soil Respiration and Litter Decomposition Increased Following Perennial Forb Invasion into an Annual Grassland

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Pedosphere 2016年第4期26卷 567-576页

作者： ZHANG Ling MA Xiaochi WANG Hong LIU Shuwei Evan SIEMANN zou jianwen College of Forestry Jiangxi Agricultural University College of Resources and Environmental Sciences Nanjing Agricultural University Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology Rice University

Exotic plant invasions may alter ecosystem carbon processes, especially when native plants are displaced by plants of a different functional group. Forb invasions into grasslands are common, yet little is known about how they impact carbon cycling. We conducted a field study over 2 years from April 2010 to March 2012 in China to examine changes in soil respiration （Rsoil） following invasion of exotic perennial forb species （Alternanthera philoxeroides or Solidago canadensis） into an annual grassland dominated by a native annual graminoid （Eragrostis pilosa）. Measurements of Rsoil were taken once a week in stands of the native annual graminoid or one of the forb species using static chamber-gas chromatograph method. Aboveground litterfall of each of the three focal species was collected biweekly and litter decomposition rates were measured in a 6-month litterbag experiment. The monthly average and annual cumulative Rsoil increased following invasion by either forb species. The increases in cumulative Rsoil were smaller with invasion of Solidago （36%） than Alternanthera （65%）. Both invasive forbs were associated with higher litter quantity and quality （e.g., C：N ratio） than the native annum graminoid. Compared to the native annual graminoid, the invasive forbs Altevnanthera （155%） and Solidago （361%） produced larger amounts of more rapidly decomposing litter, with the litter decay constant k being 3.8, 2.0 and 1.0 for Alternanthera, Solidago and Eragrostis, respectively. Functional groups of the invasive plants and the native plants they replaced appear to be useful predictors of directions of changes in Rsoil, but the magnitude of changes in Rsoil seems to be sensitive to variations in invader functional traits.

关键词： carbon cycling exotic plant functional group functional traits invasive plants litterfall native plants

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UV-B has larger negative impacts on invasive populations of Triadica sebifera but ozone impacts do not vary

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Journal of Plant Ecology 2016年第1期9卷 61-68页

作者： Hong Wang Xiaochi Ma Ling Zhang Evan Siemann jianwen zou College of Resources and Environmental Sciences Nanjing Agricultural UniversityNanjing 210095China Department of Biosciences Rice UniversityHoustonTX 77005USA College of Forestry Jiangxi Agricultural UniversityNanchang 330045China

Aims Abiotic stresses may interact with each other to determine impacts on plants so that their combined impact is less than or more than *** UV-B radiation and surface ozone(O3)are two major components of global change that may have such interactive ***,invasive and native populations of plants may respond differently to stresses as they can vary in primary and secondary *** Here,we conducted a factorial field experiment with open-top chambers assigned to an ozone treatment(ambient,100 ppb,or 150 ppb)and UV-B treatment(ambient or increased 20%).We grew seedlings of native and invasive populations of Triadica sebifera in these chambers for one growing *** Findings Invasive plants grew faster than native plants in ambient UV-B but they did not differ significantly in elevated *** production of invasive plants was especially sensitive to UV-B in a way that increased with UV-B for native plants but decreased for invasive plants which may be important for nutrient *** ambient UV-B,total mass decreased as ozone *** mass was lower with elevated UV-B but there was no additional impact of increasing *** area did not decrease with UV-B so SLA and LAR were lowest at ambient ozone *** results suggest that the effects of ozone will depend on UV-B conditions perhaps due to changes in foliar *** traits that allow invasive populations of plants to be successful invaders may make them especially sensitive to UV-B which may reduce their success in future climatic conditions.

关键词： invasive UV-B O3 cross-tolerance litter

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The effects of elevated ozone and CO_(2) on growth and defense of native,exotic and invader trees

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Journal of Plant Ecology 2018年第2期11卷 266-272页

作者： Hong Wang Ling Zhang Xiaochi Ma jianwen zou Evan Siemann College of Resource and Environment Anhui Science and Technology University168 Shungeng RoadChuzhou 233100China College of Resources and Environmental Sciences Nanjing Agricultural UniversityNo.1 WeigangNanjing 210095China College of Forestry Jiangxi Agricultural University1225 Zhimin AvenueNanchang 330045China Department of Biosciences Rice University6100 Main StreetHoustonTX 77005USA

Aims Elevated ozone and CO_(2) can differentially affect the performance of plant *** among native,exotic and invader spe-cies in their growth and defense responses to CO_(2) and ozone may shape CO_(2) and ozone effects on invasions,perhaps in part also due to variation between native and invasive populations of *** We manipulated ozone(control or 100 ppb)and CO_(2)(ambient or 800 ppm)in a factorial greenhouse experiment in replicated *** investigated growth and defense(tannins)of seedlings of Triadica sebifera from invasive(USA)and native(China)populations and pairs of US and China tree species within three genera(Celtis,Liquidambar and Platanus).Important Findings Overall,ozone reduced growth in ambient CO_(2) but elevated CO_(2) limited this *** plants from invasive populations had higher growth than those from native populations in control con-ditions or the combination of elevated CO_(2) and ozone in which invasive populations had greater increases in *** perfor-mances were similar in elevated CO_(2) because native populations were more responsive and their performances were similar with elevated ozone because invasive populations were more *** to other species,*** had high growth rates but low levels of tannin production that were insensitive to vari-ation in CO_(2) or *** China and US Platanus plants reduced tannins with increased CO_(2) and/or ozone and US Liquidambar plants increased tannins with the combination of elevated CO_(2) and *** growth results suggest that intraspecific variation in *** will reduce the effects of CO_(2) or ozone alone on inva-sions but increase their combined *** tannin results suggest that defense responses to CO_(2) and ozone will be variable across native and exotic *** effects of CO_(2) and ozone on growth and defense of native and exotic species indicate that the benefit or harm to species from these global

关键词： global change intraspecific variation invasions tannins Triadica sebifera

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Effects of elevated atmospheric CO_2 concentration and temperature on the soil profile methane distribution and diffusion in rice–wheat rotation system

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2015年第6期27卷 62-71页

作者： Bo Yang Zhaozhi Chen Man Zhang Heng Zhang Xuhui Zhang Genxing Pan jianwen zou Zhengqin Xiong Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Low Carbon Agriculture and GHGs Mitigation College of Resources and Environmental Sciences Nanjing Agricultural University

The aim of this experiment was to determine the impacts of climate change on soil profile concentrations and diffusion effluxes of methane in a rice-wheat annual rotation ecosystem in Southeastern China. We initiated a field experiment with four treatments：ambient conditions（CKs）, CO2 concentration elevated to - 500 μmol/mol（FACE）,temperature elevated by ca. 2°C（T） and combined elevation of CO2 concentration and temperature（FACE ＋ T）. A multilevel sampling probe was designed to collect the soil gas at four different depths, namely, 7 cm, 15 cm, 30 cm and 50 cm. Methane concentrations were higher during the rice season and decreased with depth, while lower during the wheat season and increased with depth. Compared to CK, mean methane concentration was increased by 42%, 57% and 71% under the FACE, FACE ＋ T and T treatments, respectively, at the 7 cm depth during the rice season（p 〈 0.05）. Mean methane diffusion effluxes to the 7 cm depth were positive in the rice season and negative in the wheat season, resulting in the paddy field being a source and weak sink, respectively. Moreover, mean methane diffusion effluxes in the rice season were 0.94, 1.19 and 1.42 mg C/（m^2·hr） in the FACE,FACE ＋ T and T treatments, respectively, being clearly higher than that in the CK. The results indicated that elevated atmospheric CO2 concentration and temperature could significantly increase soil profile methane concentrations and their effluxes from a rice-wheat field annual rotation ecosystem（p 〈 0.05）.

关键词： Paddy field T-FACE Climate change CH4 concentration Soil profile Diffusion efflux

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Interannual variability in soil respiration from terrestrial ecosystems in China and its response to climate change

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Science China Earth Sciences 2012年第12期55卷 2091-2098页

作者： CHEN ShuTao HUANG Yao zou jianwen SHI YanShu LU YanYu ZHANG Wen HU ZhengHua School of Environmental Science and Engineering Nanjing University oflnformation Science and TechnologyNanjing 210044China State Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Boundary Layer Physics and Atmospheric Chemistry Institute of Atmospheric PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100029China State Key Laboratory of Vegetation and Environmental Change Institute of BotanyChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100093China Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Low Carbon Agriculture and GHGs Mitigation Nanjing Agricultural UniversityNanjing 210095China Anhui Climate Center Hefei 230031China

Soil respiration is an important process in terrestrial carbon *** terrestrial ecosystems in China, quantifying the spatiotemporal pattern of soil respiration at the regional scale is critical in providing a theoretical basis for evaluating carbon *** this study, we used an empirically based, semi-mechanistic model including climate and soil properties to estimate annual soil respiration from terrestrial ecosystems in China from 1970 to *** further analyzed the relationship between interannual variability in soil respiration and climatic factors (air temperature and precipitation).Results indicated that the distribution of annual soil respiration showed clear spatial *** highest and lowest annual soil respiration rates appeared in southeastern China and northwestern China, respectively, which was in accordance with the spatial patterns of mean annual air temperature and annual *** the mean annual air temperature in northwestern China was higher than that in some regions of northeastern china, a greater topsoil organic carbon storage in northeastern China might result in the higher annual soil respiration in this *** contrast, lower temperature, less precipitation and smaller topsoil organic carbon pool incurred the lowest annual soil respiration in northwestern *** soil respiration from terrestrial ecosystems in China varied from 4.58 to 5.19 PgCa-1 between 1970 and *** this time period, on average, annual soil respiration was estimated to be 4.83 PgCa-1 .Annual soil respiration in China accounted for 4.93%-6.01% of the global annual soil CO2 *** interannual variability in soil respiration depended on the interannual variability in precipitation and mean air *** order to reduce the uncertainty in estimating annual soil respiration at regional scale, more in situ measurements of soil respiration and relevant factors (***, soil and vegetation) should be made simultane

关键词： China soil respiration temporal variability climate

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A new estimate of global soil respiration from 1970 to 2008

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Chinese Science Bulletin 2013年第33期58卷 4153-4160页

作者： CHEN ShuTao HUANG Yao XIE Wei zou jianwen LU YanYu HU ZhengHua School of Environmental Science and Engineering Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology State Key Laboratory of Vegetation and Environmental Change Institute of BotanyChinese Academy of Sciences College of Resources and Environmental Sciences Nanjing Agricultural University Anhui Climate Center School of Applied Meteorology Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology

土壤呼吸(R s ) 是在陆上的生态系统加重我们碳周期的理解的关键过程之一。在有在最高、最低的估计之间的 70 Pg C a1 的差别的以前的全球 R s 估计的大无常遗体。因此，现在的学习试图估计全球年度 R s 并且用包括了气候的因素(温度和... 详细信息

土壤呼吸(R s ) 是在陆上的生态系统加重我们碳周期的理解的关键过程之一。在有在最高、最低的估计之间的 70 Pg C a1 的差别的以前的全球 R s 估计的大无常遗体。因此，现在的学习试图估计全球年度 R s 并且用包括了气候的因素(温度和降水) 和表层土(020 厘米) 的一个半机械学的、以经验为主地基于的模型在全球年度 R s 调查 interannual 和空间可变性器官的碳存储。从 147 个测量地点的年度 R s 的大约 657 出版研究在这元分析被包括。气候，表面空气温度，和土壤性质上的从 1970 ～ 2008 的全球数据集合是镇定的。蒙特卡罗方法被用来宣传模拟错误到全球 R s。结果显示吝啬的年度全球 R s 是 94.4 Pg C a1，增加在粗略地从 1970 ～ 2008 的 0.04 Pg C a1 (0.04% a1 ) 。R s 率增加了从更冷，更干燥并且少些玷污充满碳的区域到更温暖、更潮湿、更充满碳的区域。最高的 R s 率出现在热带森林里，当最低的在极、荒芜的区域时。年度 R s 与全球温度异例直接相关，建议在温度的 interannual 可变性为在预言的全球 R s 的 interannual 变化负责。全球 R s 从高纬度的地区增加了到低纬度的地区。进一步的研究被建议探索在土壤呼吸和植被人物之间的关系。

关键词：土壤呼吸估计年际变化陆地生态系统蒙特卡罗方法温度距平气候因素资源丰富

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Mitigation of N_(2)O emissions in water-saving paddy fields:Evaluating organic fertilizer substitution and microbial mechanisms

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Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2024年第9期23卷 3159-3173页

作者： Delei Kong Xianduo Zhang Qidong Yu Yaguo Jin Peikun Jiang Shuang Wu Shuwei Liu jianwen zou College of Environment and Resources/College of Carbon Neutrality Zhejiang A&F UniversityHangzhou 311300China Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Low Carbon Agriculture and GHGs Mitigation College of Resources and Environmental SciencesNanjing Agricultural UniversityNanjing 210095China Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology College of Life SciencesNanjing Agricultural UniversityNanjing 210095China Jiangsu Key Lab and Engineering Center for Solid Organic Waste Utilization Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center for Solid Organic Waste Resource UtilizationNanjing Agricultural UniversityNanjing 210095China

Water-saving irrigation strategies can successfully alleviate methane emissions from rice fields,but significantly stimulate nitrous oxide(N_(2)O)emissions because of variations in soil oxygen level and redox ***,the relationship linking soil N_(2)O emissions to nitrogen functional genes during various fertilization treatments in water-saving paddy fields has rarely been ***,the mitigation potential of organic fertilizer substitution on N_(2)O emissions and the microbial mechanism in rice fields must be further *** study examined how soil N_(2)O emissions were affected by related functional microorganisms(ammonia-oxidizing archaea(AOA),ammonia-oxidizing bacteria(AOB),nirS,nirK and nosZ)to various fertilization treatments in a rice field in southeast China over two *** this study,three fertilization regimes were applied to rice cultivation:a no nitrogen(N)(Control),an inorganic N(Ni),and an inorganic N with partial N substitution with organic manure(N_(i)+N_(o)).Over two rice-growing seasons,cumulative N_(2)O emissions averaged 0.47,4.62 and 4.08 kg ha^(−1)for the Control,Ni and N_(i)+N_(o)treatments,*** comparison to the Ni treatment,the N_(i)+N_(o)fertilization regime considerably reduced soil N_(2)O emissions by 11.6%while maintaining rice yield,with a lower N_(2)O emission factor(EF)from fertilizer N of 0.95%.Nitrogen fertilization considerably raised the AOB,nirS,nirK and nosZ gene abundances,in comparison to the Control ***,the substitution of organic manure for inorganic N fertilizer significantly decreased AOB and nirS gene abundances and increased nosZ gene *** AOB responded to N fertilization more sensitively than the *** N_(2)O emissions significantly correlated positively with AOB and nirS gene abundances while having a negative correlation with nosZ gene abundance and the nosZ/nirS ratio across N-fertilized *** summary,we conclude that organic manure substi

关键词： organic manure substitution inorganic fertilizer N_(2)O functional microbe rice paddy

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GASEOUS REACTIVE NITROGEN LOSSES FROM ORCHARDS,VEGETABLES AND TEA PLANTATIONS

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Frontiers of Agricultural Science and Engineering 2023年第2期10卷 155-166页

作者： Jinyang WANG Pinshang XU Haiyan LIN Shumin GUO Zhaoqiang HAN jianwen zou Key Laboratory of Green and Low-carbon Agriculture in Southeastern China Ministry of Agriculture and Rural AffairsCollege of Resources and Environmental SciencesNanjing Agricultural UniversityNanjing 210095China Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Low Carbon Agriculture and GHGs Mitigation Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center for Solid Organic Waste Resource UtilizationNanjing 210095China.

Nitrogen fertilizer application has accelerated the agricultural soil N cycle while ensuring food *** reactive N emissions from orchards,vegetables and tea plantations(OVT)are less understood than those from cereal *** paper presents a compilation of data on soil ammonia,nitrous oxide,and nitric oxide emissions from 1454 OVT systems at 184 unique experimental locations worldwide aiming to investigate their emission characteristics,emission factors(EF),and contribution to total farmland ***_(3)and N_(2)O emissions from orchards and N_(2)O and NO emissions from vegetable production were significantly higher in China than in the rest of the world,regardless of fertilizer application,while N_(2)O emissions from tea plantations were lower than for *** EF of NH_(3)for vegetables was close to the global mean value with urea application but significantly higher than that of *** EF of N_(2)O in orchards and vegetables was comparable to the global median value,while in tea plantations,the value was 2.3 times higher than the global median *** estimates suggest that direct emissions of NH_(3),N_(2)O,and NO from OVT systems are equivalent to approximately a quarter,two thirds and a half of the total farmland in China,*** research needs to strengthen observational field studies in establishing standard sampling methods for gaseous N emissions and implementing knowledge-based management measures to help achieve the green development of agriculture.

关键词： fruit greenhouse gas green development fertilizer management climate change

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Divergent effects of biochar amendment and replacing mineral fertilizer with manure on soil respiration in a subtropical tea plantation

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Biochar 2023年第1期5卷 1259-1272页

作者： Zhaoqiang Han Pinshang Xu Zhutao Li Shumin Guo Shuqing Li Shuwei Liu Shuang Wu Jinyang Wang jianwen zou Key Laboratory of Green and Low-Carbon Agriculture in Southeastern China Ministry of Agriculture and Rural AffairsCollege of Resources and Environmental SciencesNanjing Agricultural UniversityNanjing 210095JiangsuChina Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Low Carbon Agriculture and GHGs Mitigation Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center for Solid Organic Waste Resource UtilizationNanjing 210095China

Applying biochar amendment and manure in tea plantation ecosystems can diminish soil acidification and ***,the impact of these practices on soil respiration and associated mechanisms remains *** this study,we combined a two-year field experiment and laboratory analyses based on soil properties,functional genes,and microbial co-occurrence networks to explore the determinants of soil respiration intensity in a subtropical tea plantation with biochar amendment and manure *** results showed that the effect of biochar amendment on soil respiration was *** biochar amendment increased bacterial richness and Shannon index,biochar amendment did not alter the abundance of species associated with C-cycling functional *** directly adding recalcitrant C to the soil,biochar also indirectly enhanced C sequestration by weakly increasing soil carbon dioxide(CO_(2))***,replacing mineral fertilizer with manure significantly stimulated soil respiration in the tea plantation,resulting in a 36%increase in CO_(2) emissions over two *** increase in CO_(2) emissions under the manure treatment was mainly attributed to the increased soil labile C pool,the activity of hydrolytic enzymes(e.g.,cellobiohydrolase and acetylglucosaminidase),and the relative abundance of functional genes associated with the *** may also be related to the application of manure that increased the abundance of Gemmatimonadetes and altered ecological clusters in bacterial co-occurrence *** correlation network analysis suggested that Gemmatimonadetes might be the potential hosts for C-cycling genes due to their strong positive correlation with the abundance of C-cycling ***,these findings provide new insights into soil respiration under biochar amendment and manure application in tea plantations and broaden the options for carbon sequestration in soils.

关键词： C dynamics Biochar SOC chemical composition C-cycle genes Microbial community

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