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Multi-faceted spatio-temporal network for weather-aware air traffic flow prediction in multi-airport system

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Chinese Journal of Aeronautics 2024年第7期37卷 301-316页

作者： Kaiquan cai Shuo TANG Shengsheng QIAN Zhiqi SHEN Yang YANG School of Electronic and Information Engineering Beihang UniversityBeijing 100191China State Key Laboratory of CNS/ATM Beijing100191China Institute of Automation Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100190China Research Institute for Frontier Science Beihang UniversityBeijing 100191China

As one of the core modules for air traffic flow management,Air Traffic Flow Prediction(ATFP)in the Multi-Airport System(MAS)is a prerequisite for demand and capacity balance in the complex meteorological *** to the challenge of implicit interaction mechanism among traffic flow,airspace capacity and weather impact,the Weather-aware ATFP(Wa-ATFP)is still a nontrivial *** this paper,a novel Multi-faceted Spatio-Temporal Graph Convolutional Network(MSTGCN)is proposed to address the Wa-ATFP within the complex operations of ***,a spatio-temporal graph is constructed with three different nodes,including airport,route,and fix to describe the topology structure of ***,a weather-aware multi-faceted fusion module is proposed to integrate the feature of air traffic flow and the auxiliary features of capacity and weather,which can effectively address the complex impact of severe weather,e.g.,***,to capture the latent connections of nodes,an adaptive graph connection constructor is *** experimental results with the real-world operational dataset in Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area,China,validate that the proposed approach outperforms the state-of-the-art machine-learning and deep-learning based baseline approaches in performance.

关键词： Air traffic control Graph neural network Multi-faceted information Air traffic flow prediction Multi-airport system

Solving Multi-Objective Vehicle Routing Problems with Time Windows: A Decomposition-Based Multiform Optimization Approach

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Tsinghua Science and Technology 2024年第2期29卷 305-324页

作者： Yiqiao cai Zifan Lin Meiqin Cheng Peizhong Liu Ying Zhou Xiamen Key Laboratory of Data Security and Blockchain Technology College of Computer Science and TechnologyHuaqiao UniversityXiamen361021China College of Engineering Huaqiao UniversityQuanzhou362000China School of Computer Sciences Shenzhen Institute of Information TechnologyShenzhen518000China

In solving multi-objective vehicle routing problems with time windows (MOVRPTW),most existing algorithms focus on the optimization of a single problem formulation. However,little effort has been devoted to exploiting valuable knowledge from the alternate formulations of MOVRPTW for better optimization performance. Aiming at this insufficiency,this study proposes a decomposition-based multi-objective multiform evolutionary algorithm (MMFEA/D),which performs the evolutionary search on multiple alternate formulations of MOVRPTW simultaneously to complement each other. In particular,the main characteristics of MMFEA/D are three folds. First,a multiform construction (MFC) strategy is adopted to construct multiple alternate formulations,each of which is formulated by grouping several adjacent subproblems based on the decomposition of MOVRPTW. Second,a transfer reproduction (TFR) mechanism is designed to generate offspring for each formulation via transferring promising solutions from other formulations,making that the useful traits captured from different formulations can be shared and leveraged to guide the evolutionary search. Third,an adaptive local search (ALS) strategy is developed to invest search effort on different alternate formulations as per their usefulness for MOVRPTW,thus facilitating the efficient allocation of computational resources. Experimental studies have demonstrated the superior performance of MMFEA/D on the classical Solomon instances and the real-world instances.

关键词： MOVRPTW multiform optimization multiform construction knowledge transfer adaptive local search

Microstructure and impact behavior of Mg-4Al-5RE-xGd cast magnesium alloys

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Journal of Magnesium and Alloys 2024年第5期12卷 1799-1814页

作者： Jie Wei Qudong Wang Huisheng cai Mahmoud Ebrahimi Chuan Lei National Engineering Research Center of Light Alloy Net Forming and Key State Laboratory of Metal Matrix Composites School of Materials Science and EngineeringShanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai 200240China

This work investigated the microstructure and impact behavior of Mg-4Al-5RE-xGd(RE represents La-Ce mischmetal;x=0,0.2,0.7 wt.%)alloys cast by high-pressure die casting(HPDC),permanent mold casting(PMC),and sand casting(SC)*** results indicated that with increasing Gd content,the grain sizes of the HPDC alloy had a slight change,but the grains of the PMC and SC alloys were significantly ***,the acicular Al_(11)RE_(3)phase was modified into the short-rod shape under the three casting *** impact toughness of the studied alloy was mainly dominated by the absorbed energy during the crack *** increasing Gd content,the impact toughness of the studied alloy monotonically increased due to the lower tendency of the modified second phase toward crack *** impact stress was higher than the tensile stress,exhibiting a strain rate sensitivity for the mechanical response;however,the HPDC alloy had an inconsistent strain rate sensitivity during the impact event due to the transformation of the deformation mechanism from twinning to slip with increasing *** dimples covered the fracture surface of the fine-grained HPDC alloys,indicating a typical ductile ***,due to the deficient{1012}twinning activity and the suppressed grain boundary sliding during the impact event,the HPDC alloys showed insufficient plastic deformation capacity.

关键词： Mg-Al-RE alloy Gadolinium Microstructure Impact behavior

Facile intercalation of alkali ions in WO_(3)for modulated electronic and optical properties:Implications for artificial synapses and chromogenic application

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Science China(Physics,Mechanics & Astronomy) 2024年第2期67卷 149-160页

作者： Changmeng Huan Zihan Lu Silin Tang Yongqing cai Qingqing Ke School of Microelectronics Science and Technology Sun Yat-sen UniversityZhuhai 519082China Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Information Processing Chips and Systems Sun Yat-sen UniversityZhuhai 519082China Institute of Applied Physics and Materials Engineering University of MacaoTaipaMacao 999078China

Tungsten oxides(WO_(3))are widely recognized as multifunctional systems owing to the existence of rich *** diverse phases exhibit distinct octahedra-tilting patterns,generating substantial tunnels that are ideally suited for ***,a quantitative comprehension regarding the impact of distinct phases on the kinetics of intercalated conducting ions remains ***,we employ first-principles calculations to explore the spatial and orientational correlations of ion transport inγ-and h-WO_(3),shedding light on the relationship between diffusion barriers and the size of the conducting *** findings reveal that different types and concentrations of alkali-metals induce distinct and continuous lattice distortions in WO_(3)***,γ-WO_(3)is more appropriate to accommodate Li+ions,exhibiting a diffusion barrier and coefficient of 0.25 eV and 9.31×10^(-8)cm^(2)s^(-1),***,h-WO_(3)features unidirectional and sizeable tunnels that facilitate the transport of K+ions with an even lower barrier and a high coefficient of 0.11 e V and 2.12×10^(-5)cm^(2)s^(-1),***,the introduction of alkali-metal into WO_(3)tunnels tends to introduce n-type conductivity by contributing s-electrons to the unoccupied W 5d states,resulting in enhanced conductivity and tunable electronic *** alkali metals in WO_(3)tunnels are prone to charge transfer,forming small polaronic states and modulating the light absorption in the visible and nearinfrared *** tunable electronic and optical properties,combined with the high diffusion coefficient,underscore the potential of WO_(3)in applications such as artificial synapses and chromogenic devices.

关键词： WO_(3)polymorphs ion insertion kinetic activity tunable electronic and optical properties iontronics

Experimental and numerical study of hypervelocity impact damage on composite overwrapped pressure vessels

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Defence Technology（防务技术） 2024年第1期31卷 58-72页

作者： Yong-Pan Duan Run-Qiang Chi Bao-Jun Pang Yuan cai Hypervelocity Impact Research Center Harbin Institute of TechnologyHarbin150080China College of Science Heilongjiang University of Science and TechnologyHarbin 150022China

Ground-based tests are important for studying hypervelocity impact(HVI)damage to spacecraft pressure vessels in the orbital debris *** analyzed the damage to composite overwrapped pressure vessels(COPVs)in the HVI tests and classified the damage into non-catastrophic damage and catastrophic *** proposed a numerical simulation method to further study non-catastrophic damage and revealed the characteristics and mechanisms of non-catastrophic damage affected by impact conditions and internal *** fragments of the catastrophically damaged COPVs were collected after the *** crack distribution and propagation process of the catastrophic ruptures of the COPVs were *** findings contribute to understanding the damage characteristics and mechanisms of COPVs by HVIs.

关键词： Orbital debris Hypervelocity impact Composite overwrapped pressure vessels Damage mechanisms

Interplay between the atomic structures and superconductivity of two-monolayer Pb films

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Science China(Physics,Mechanics & Astronomy) 2024年第1期67卷 90-98页

作者： Kun Xie Ze Huang Pengju Li Yumin Xia Desheng cai Yitong Gu Yuzhou Liu Fangliang cai Runxiao Zhang Haohao Shi Ping Cui Shengyong Qin International Center for Quantum Design of Functional Materials(ICQD) University of Science and Technology of ChinaHefei 230026China CAS Key Laboratory of Strongly Coupled Quantum Matter Physics Department of PhysicsUniversity of Science and Technology of ChinaHefei 230026China Hefei National Laboratory University of Science and Technology of ChinaHefei 230088China

Superconductors with reduced dimensionality have been widely explored for their exotic superconducting ***,at the two-dimensional limit,two-monolayer Pb films with two types of structures provide an ideal platform to unveil the underlying superconducting mechanism[Science 324,1314(2009)].Here,by combining scanning tunneling microscopy(STM)with the first-principle calculations,we successfully identify that these two types have different atomic lattice structures with varying stacking phases,which further enables us to calculate the phonon spectrum and electron phonon coupling strength of each *** theoretical calculations are in good agreement with tunneling spectroscopy measurements of the superconducting transition temperatures(T_(c)),which established a correlation between atomic structures and ***,it was observed that the higher T_(c)of these two types also possess higher out-of-plane upper critical magnetic fields(Hc2).These findings will provide important new insights into two-dimensional superconductivity at the atomic level.

关键词： 2 ML Pb films superconductivity atomic structure scanning tunneling microscopy first-principle calculations

In situ embedded bismuth nanoparticles among highly porous carbon fibers for efficient carbon dioxide reduction

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Rare Metals 2024年第9期43卷 4312-4320页

作者： Wei-Jian Guo Ao Zhou Wen-Wen cai Jin-Tao Zhang Key Laboratory for Colloid and Interface Chemistry (Ministry of Education) School of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringShandong University

Electrocatalysis provides an optimal approach for the conversion of carbon dioxide(CO2) into high-value chemicals, thereby presenting a promising avenue toward achieve carbon neutrality. However, addressing the selectivity and stability challenges of metal catalysts in electrolytic reduction remains a daunting task. In this study, the electrospinning method is employed to fabricate porous carbon nanofibers loaded with bismuth nanoparticles with the help of in situ pyrolysis. The porous carbon nanofibers as conductive support would facilitate the dispersion of bismuth active sites while inhibiting their aggregation and promoting the mass transfer, thus enhancing their electrocatalytic activity and stability. Additionally, nitrogen doping induces electron delocalization in bismuth atoms through metal-support interactions, thus enabling efficient adsorption of intermediates for improving selectivity based on the theoretical calculation. Consequently, Bi@PCNF-500 exhibits the exceptional selectivity and stability across a wide range of potential windows. Notably, its faradaic efficiency(FE) of formate reaches 92.7% in H-cell and94.9% in flow cell, respectively, with good electrocatalytic stability. The in situ characterization and theoretical calculations elucidate the plausible reaction mechanism to obtain basic rules for designing efficient electrocatalyst.

关键词： Carbon dioxide reduction Electron delocalization N-doping Porous carbon nanofiber

Zn-air batteries for electric vehicles

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Tungsten 2024年第1期6卷 164-173页

作者： Nai-Qi Meng Yu-Xin Fan Jing-Sheng cai State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers Department of Macromolecular ScienceFudan UniversityShanghai 200438China College of Energy Soochow Institute for Energy and Materials InnovationS(SIEMIS)Key Laboratory of Advanced Carbon Materials and Wearable Energy Technologies of Jiangsu Province Soochow UniversitySuzhou 215006China Institute of New Energy for Vehicles School of Materials Science and EngineeringTongji UniversityShanghai 201804China

The increasingly serious environmental challenges have gradually aroused people's interest in electric *** the last decade,governments and automakers have collaborated on the manufacturing of electric vehicles with high ***-edge battery technologies are pivotal for the performance of electric ***-air batteries are considered as potential power batteries for electric vehicles due to their high ***-air battery researches can be classified into three categories:primary batteries,mechanically rechargeable batteries,and chemically rechargeable *** majority of current studies aim at developing and improving chemically rechargeable and mechanically rechargeable Zn-air *** have tried to use catalytic materials design and device design for Zn-air batteries to make it possible for their applications in electric *** review will highlight the state-of-the-art in primary batteries,mechanically rechargeable batteries,and chemically rechargeable batteries,revealing the prospects of Zn-air batteries for electric vehicles.

关键词： Energy storage Electric vehicles Bifunctional oxygen catalysts Mechanically rechargeable Zn-air batteries Chemically rechargeable Zn-air batteries

Comparison of the Minimum Bounding Rectangle and Minimum Circumscribed Ellipse of Rain Cells from TRMM

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Advances in Atmospheric Sciences 2024年第3期41卷 391-406页

作者： Hongke cai Yaqin MAO Xuanhao ZHU Yunfei FU Renjun ZHOU Plateau Atmospheric and Environment Laboratory of Sichuan Province School of Atmospheric SciencesChengdu University of Information TechnologyChengdu 610225China School of Earth and Space Sciences University of Science and Technology of ChinaHefei 230026China Center for Atmospheric Optics Anhui Institute of Optics and Fine MechanicsChinese Academy of SciencesHefei 230031China

Based on the TRMM dataset, this paper compares the applicability of the improved MCE(minimum circumscribed ellipse), MBR(minimum bounding rectangle), and DIA(direct indexing area) methods for rain cell fitting. These three methods can reflect the geometric characteristics of clouds and apply geometric parameters to estimate the real dimensions of rain cells. The MCE method shows a major advantage in identifying the circumference of rain cells. The circumference of rain cells identified by MCE in most samples is smaller than that identified by DIA and MBR, and more similar to the observed rain cells. The area of rain cells identified by MBR is relatively robust. For rain cells composed of many pixels(N> 20), the overall performance is better than that of MCE, but the contribution of MBR to the best identification results,which have the shortest circumference and the smallest area, is less than that of MCE. The DIA method is best suited to small rain cells with a circumference of less than 100 km and an area of less than 120 km^(2), but the overall performance is mediocre. The MCE method tends to achieve the highest success at any angle, whereas there are fewer “best identification”results from DIA or MBR and more of the worst ones in the along-track direction and cross-track direction. Through this comprehensive comparison, we conclude that MCE can obtain the best fitting results with the shortest circumference and the smallest area on behalf of the high filling effect for all sizes of rain cells.

关键词： TRMM minimum bounding rectangle minimum circumscribed ellipse