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Advances in seismological methods for characterizing fault zone structure

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Earthquake Science 2024年第2期37卷 122-138页

作者： Yan cai jianping Wu Yaning Liu Shijie Gao Institute of Geophysics China Earthquake AdministrationBeijing 100081China Key Laboratory of Earthquake Source Physics China Earthquake AdministrationBeijing 100081China

Large earthquakes frequently occur along complex fault systems.Understanding seismic rupture and long-term fault evolution requires constraining the geometric and material properties of fault zone structures.We provide a comprehensive overview of recent advancements in seismological methods used to study fault zone structures,including seismic tomography,fault zone seismic wave analysis,and seismicity analysis.Observational conditions limit our current ability to fully characterize fault zones,for example,insufficient imaging resolution to discern small-scale anomalies,incomplete capture of crucial fault zone seismic waves,and limited precision in event location accuracy.Dense seismic arrays can overcome these limitations and enable more detailed investigations of fault zone structures.Moreover,we present new insights into the structure of the Anninghe-Xiaojiang fault zone in the southeastern margin of the Qinghai-Xizang Plateau based on data collected from a dense seismic array.We found that utilizing a dense seismic array can identify small-scale features within fault zones,aiding in the interpretation of fault zone geometry and material properties.

关键词： fault zone structure tomography fault zone wave seismic activity Anninghe-Xiaojiang fault zone

Three dimensional velocity model and its tectonic implications at China Seismic Experimental Site,eastern margin of the Tibetan Plateau

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Science China Earth Sciences 2024年第7期67卷 2268-2290页

作者： jianping WU Yan cai Wei WANG Weilai WANG Changzai WANG Lihua FANG Yaning LIU Jing LIU Institute of Geophysics China Earthquake AdministrationBeijing 100081China Beijing Bajatuan Earth Science National Observation and Research Station Beijing 1095China Beijing Earthquake Agency Beijing 100080China

The China Seismic Experimental Site(CSES)is located at the intersection of the Tibetan Plateau,South China Block,and Indian Plate and has complex geological settings and intense crustal deformation,making it one of the most seismically active areas in Chinese mainland.A high-resolution,three-dimensional(3D)crust-mantle velocity structure is crucial for understanding seismotectonic environments,lithospheric deformation mechanisms,and deep dynamic processes.We first constructed a high-vertical-resolution 3D initial velocity model using the joint inversion of receiver functions and surface waves and then obtained a 3D P-and S-wave velocity model(CSES-VM1.0)with the highest lateral resolution of 0.25°for the CSES using double-difference tomography.Owing to the limitations of the Sn observation data,the resolution of the S-wave velocity model in the lower crust and upper mantle was reduced,making it closer to the initial model provided by joint inversion.A comparison with explosive-source seismic data showed that the synthetic P-wave first-arrival travel times of the new model were closer to the observations than those of the previous velocity models.The velocity cross-sections across the source areas of the 2022 Lushan MS6.1 and Ludian MS6.8 earthquakes reveal that the former earthquake occurred near a weak contact zone between the Tibetan Plateau and Sichuan Basin,and the rupture of the latter earthquake occurred in a granitic area,with the northern end blocked by rigid high-velocity bodies.A clear high-velocity anomaly zone is distributed along the western margin of the Yangtze Block,revealing the spatial distribution of Neoproterozoic intermediate-basic intrusions.This high-velocity zone significantly controls the morphology of fault zones and influences the rupture processes of major earthquakes.Two northeast-southwest and north-south trending high-velocity anomalies were found near Panzhihua,potentially related to Neoproterozoic and Middle-Late Permian intermediate-basic intrusions.The imaging results revealed t

关键词： Eastern Tibetan Plateau China Seismic Experimental Site Yangtze Block Velocity model Double-difference tomography

Composition,function,and timing:exploring the early‑life gut microbiota in piglets for probiotic interventions

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Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology 2024年第2期15卷 659-678页

作者： jianping Quan Cineng Xu Donglin Ruan Yong Ye Yibin Qiu Jie Wu Shenping Zhou Menghao Luan Xiang Zhao Yue Chen Danyang Lin Ying Sun Jifei Yang Enqin Zheng Gengyuan cai Zhenfang Wu Jie Yang College of Animal Science and National Engineering Research Center for Breeding Swine Industry South China Agricultural UniversityGuangzhouGuangdongPeople’s Republic of China Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Agro‑Animal Genomics and Molecular Breeding South China Agricultural UniversityGuangzhouGuangdongChina Yunfu Subcenter of Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture YunfuGuangdongChina National Engineering Research Center for Breeding Swine Industry Wens Foodstuff Group Co.Ltd.YunfuGuangdongPeople’s Republic of China

Background The establishment of a robust gut microbiota in piglets during their early developmental stage holds the potential for long-term advantageous effects.However,the optimal timeframe for introducing probiotics to achieve this outcome remains uncertain.Results In the context of this investigation,we conducted a longitudinal assessment of the fecal microbiota of 63 piglets at three distinct pre-weaning time points.Simultaneously,we gathered vaginal and fecal samples from 23 sows.Employing 16S rRNA gene and metagenomic sequencing methodologies,we conducted a comprehensive analysis of the fluctuation patterns in microbial composition,functional capacity,interaction networks,and colonization resistance within the gut microbiota of piglets.As the piglets progressed in age,discernible modifications in intestinal microbial diversity,composition,and function were observed.A source-tracking analysis unveiled the pivotal role of fecal and vaginal microbiota derived from sows in populating the gut microbiota of neonatal piglets.By D21,the microbial interaction network displayed a more concise and efficient configuration,accompanied by enhanced colonization resistance relative to the other two time points.Moreover,we identified three strains of Ruminococcus sp.at D10 as potential candidates for improving piglets’weight gain during the weaning phase.Conclusions The findings of this study propose that D10 represents the most opportune juncture for the introduction of external probiotic interventions during the early stages of piglet development.This investigation augments our comprehension of the microbiota dynamics in early-life of piglets and offers valuable insights for guiding forthcoming probiotic interventions.

关键词： Colonization resistance Intestinal microbiota Piglet Weaning Weight gain

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基于差分隐私的人口普查关联多属性数据发布

计算机科学 2024年第3期51卷 368-377页

作者：尤菲芙蔡剑平孙岚福州大学计算机与大数据学院福州350108

发布未经保护的人口普查统计数据有泄露居民个人隐私信息的风险。基于差分隐私的人口普查数据保护方案已经得到研究者的广泛关注。在解决人口普查统计数据的地理区域之间的一致性约束时,具有更复杂层次性、一致性约束的关联多属性数据... 详细信息

发布未经保护的人口普查统计数据有泄露居民个人隐私信息的风险。基于差分隐私的人口普查数据保护方案已经得到研究者的广泛关注。在解决人口普查统计数据的地理区域之间的一致性约束时,具有更复杂层次性、一致性约束的关联多属性数据在现有方法下面临无法在单棵层次树中构建的挑战。文中提出了一种基于差分隐私的人口普查区域内部关联多属性统计数据最优一致发布方法,该方法能够实现复杂一致性约束统计数据的高效发布。首先将复杂的关联多属性之间的一致性约束划分为相对独立且易于求解的多重一致性约束,然后根据人口普查关联多属性数据的结构特性,通过数学分析在现有方法的基础上进行进一步的效率优化,最后结合多重一致性约束问题的逼近方法实现最优一致发布。在真实的人口普查数据集和合成数据集上进行实验,结果表明,所提方法能够在效率表现上优于同类方法1~2个数量级的同时保持与同类方法一致的精度。

关键词：差分隐私隐私保护数据发布一致性约束人口普查

高校学生用英语讲好中国故事的能力培养路径研究

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陕西青年职业学院学报 2024年第1期 18-22页

作者：蔡建平陕西青年职业学院陕西西安710100

读懂新时代中国,是世界重要的必答题。讲好中国故事,向世界展示中国新形象,提升中国在世界的话语权,外语作为载体在国际传播中起了重要的作用。高校学生既懂英语又知晓中国故事,可以很好地担负起对接中国故事向国际传播的神圣使命,高校... 详细信息

读懂新时代中国,是世界重要的必答题。讲好中国故事,向世界展示中国新形象,提升中国在世界的话语权,外语作为载体在国际传播中起了重要的作用。高校学生既懂英语又知晓中国故事,可以很好地担负起对接中国故事向国际传播的神圣使命,高校应在培养学生用英语讲好中国故事的实践中发挥主渠道作用,加强推进国际传播能力的建设,完成传播中国文化使命的任务。

关键词：中国故事英语能力内涵提升路径

Task-Space Tracking Control of Robotic Manipulator Via Intermittent Controller

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Journal of Systems Science & Complexity 2022年第6期35卷 2248-2262页

作者： MA Mihua cai jianping School of Mathematics and Statistics Minnan Normal UniversityZhangzhou 363000China

An intermittent controller for robotic manipulator in task space was developed in this paper.In task space,for given a desired time-varying trajectory,the robot end-effector can track the desired target under the designed intermittent controller.Different from most of the existing works on control of robotic manipulator,the intermittent control for robotic manipulator is discussed in task space instead of joint space.Besides,the desired trajectory can be time-varying and not limited to constant.As a direct application,the authors implemented the proposed controller on tracking of a two-link robotic manipulator in task space.Numerical simulations demonstrate the effectiveness and feasibility of the proposed intermittent control strategy.

关键词： Intermittent controller robotic manipulator task-space tracking

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低压超声速磨料空气射流喷嘴结构

煤炭学报 2024年第3期49卷 1704-1716页

作者：刘勇李志平魏建平蔡玉波余大炀黄逸河南理工大学瓦斯地质与瓦斯治理国家重点实验室培育基地河南焦作454000 煤炭安全生产与清洁高效利用省部共建协同创新中心河南焦作454000

硬岩隧道掘进刀具磨损严重、换刀频繁是限制高效掘进的主要因素,低压磨料空气射流辅助刀具破岩是突破硬岩隧道掘进技术瓶颈的可行性思路,为实现辅助高横移速度刀具破岩,提出了矩形喷嘴。矩形喷嘴能有效提高磨料在移动方向集束性,进而减... 详细信息

硬岩隧道掘进刀具磨损严重、换刀频繁是限制高效掘进的主要因素,低压磨料空气射流辅助刀具破岩是突破硬岩隧道掘进技术瓶颈的可行性思路,为实现辅助高横移速度刀具破岩,提出了矩形喷嘴。矩形喷嘴能有效提高磨料在移动方向集束性,进而减小切缝宽度,提高切缝深度。为明确矩形喷嘴对磨料加速及破岩的影响规律,采用加长扩张段长度和截面近似等效设计了圆形喷嘴及矩形喷嘴;然后基于数值方法确定了喷嘴扩张段长度对气体及磨料加速的影响,并对比分析了喷嘴不同断面形状对磨料加速和分布特征的影响。最后通过开展低压磨料空气射流冲蚀破碎花岗岩实验,研究了喷嘴结构和横移速度对冲蚀效果的影响,分析了不同断面形状喷嘴的切割效率,确定了适用辅助刀具破岩的最佳喷嘴结构。数值结果表明压力2 MPa时,加长扩张段长度,气固两相能量转化更充分,磨料加速更充分,但随着喷嘴扩张段持续加长,磨料速度提升不明显;相比圆形断面喷嘴,矩形断面喷嘴对磨料加速稍差,但仍能将磨料加速至300 m/s,且经矩形喷嘴加速的磨料在自由流域呈扁平矩形分布,有效提高了磨料在刀具横移方向的集束性。实验表明圆形喷嘴扩张段加长,岩石冲蚀深度不断增加,当扩张段长度为145 mm时,花岗岩冲蚀深度分别为23.90、20.23 mm,扩张段长度持续加长,岩石的冲蚀深度提高并不显著。当横移速度为0.02 m/s时,喷嘴C_(4)、R_(1)、R_(2)切割玄武岩深度分别为3.35、12.15、8.25 mm,花岗岩深度分别为5.2、14.9、11.5 mm;横移速度为0.30 m/s时,喷嘴C_(4)、R_(1)切割玄武岩深度分别为0.8、3.0 mm,花岗岩深度分别为1.0、3.6 mm。对比喷嘴C_(4),和数值模拟结果相同,矩形喷嘴能使磨料聚能、磨料利用充分,切割效率较优。且喷嘴R_(1)的切割效率最好,喷嘴结构最优。研究结论将为磨料空气射流辅助刀具破岩提供理论和技术支撑。

关键词：磨料空气射流喷嘴结构硬岩掘进磨料加速分布切割效率

基于机-土耦合模型的铁路路基连续压实质量控制方法

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铁道学报 2024年第3期46卷 1-10页

作者：叶阳升蔡德钩安再展魏少伟闫宏业姚建平中国国家铁路集团有限公司北京100844 中国铁道科学研究院集团有限公司高速铁路轨道技术国家重点实验室北京100081 中国铁道科学研究院集团有限公司铁道建筑研究所北京100081 北京铁科特种工程技术有限公司北京100081

连续压实技术可有效保障路基压实质量,但由于连续压实检测方法和常规检测方法的检测范围相差较大,导致现场试验结果离散性较大,限制了连续压实技术的进一步推广。为建立连续压实检测结果与路基物理力学性质的关系,建立了考虑压路机行驶... 详细信息

连续压实技术可有效保障路基压实质量,但由于连续压实检测方法和常规检测方法的检测范围相差较大,导致现场试验结果离散性较大,限制了连续压实技术的进一步推广。为建立连续压实检测结果与路基物理力学性质的关系,建立了考虑压路机行驶的机-土耦合模型,并提出了模型参数确定方法。分析了土体剪切模量对振动轮加速度时频域特性、机-土相互作用力以及连续压实质量控制指标的影响,并与路基碾压足尺模型试验结果进行对比。结果表明,模型能够准确反映机-土系统的动力特性。基于机-土耦合模型,提出了一种铁路路基连续压实质量控制方法,实现了根据铁路路基设计参数直接确定连续压实质量控制指标的合格值,为铁路路基连续压实质量控制提供了理论依据和新的实现方法。

关键词：铁路路基机-土耦合模型连续压实质量控制

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水平挡板流场对燃料电池性能与传质的影响

电池 2024年第3期54卷 303-308页

作者：蔡永华罗子贤胡健平武汉理工大学现代汽车零部件技术湖北省重点实验室湖北武汉430070 汽车零部件技术湖北省协同创新中心湖北武汉430070 新能源与智能网联车湖北省工程技术研究中心湖北武汉430070 武汉理工大学汽车工程学院湖北武汉430070

在质子交换膜燃料电池(PEMFC)流道内设置微结构,可增强反应气体从流道到催化层的传质能力,并提高电池性能。建立并对比交错安装挡板与对置安装挡板的模型,得出交错安装的布置方式,更有利于电池性能的提升。建立4种不同堵塞率的模型,发... 详细信息

在质子交换膜燃料电池(PEMFC)流道内设置微结构,可增强反应气体从流道到催化层的传质能力,并提高电池性能。建立并对比交错安装挡板与对置安装挡板的模型,得出交错安装的布置方式,更有利于电池性能的提升。建立4种不同堵塞率的模型,发现随着堵塞率的升高,电池的最大净功率密度和极限电流密度增大,95%堵塞率模型的净功率密度最高,为1.053 W/cm^(2),较无挡板模型提升了14.58%,直至电流密度2.8 A/cm^(2)时,仍未出现明显的浓差极化。调整挡板夹角,综合考虑传质能力和泵送损失情况下,夹角为15°时,电池净功率密度最高。

关键词：质子交换膜燃料电池(PEMFC) 微结构阴极流道挡板净功率密度布置方式堵塞率夹角

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